An automatic soil leveling device for tobacco seedling trays and a hole-pressing seeder

Abstract

This utility model discloses an automatic soil leveling device for tobacco seedling trays and a hole-pressing seeder, aiming to solve the problems of excessive manual intervention and low operational precision in existing equipment. The automatic soil leveling device includes a V-shaped scraper plate with a pointed front end and a rear end extending to the edge of the seedling tray, forming a receiving cavity with the surrounding plate. It is connected to the frame via pull ropes and traction ropes to adjust the angle and height, achieving automatic soil leveling and covering. The hole-pressing seeder integrates this device and also includes a hole-pressing roller, a high-speed rotating brush, a rubber scraper, bottom rollers, guide rollers, and a soil collection hopper. Through soil leveling by the scraper plate, soil cleaning by the brush, anti-deviation by the guide rollers, and soil collection by the soil hopper, the operating efficiency is increased by more than 30%, and the process misalignment rate is reduced to below 5%, effectively improving seedling quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of tobacco seedling equipment, and in particular to an automatic soil leveling device for tobacco seedling trays and a hole-pressing seeder including the device. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, such as the integrated hole-pressing and seeding machine disclosed in Chinese utility model patent CN205658025U (application number 2016210308070), the following defects exist in actual operation:

[0003] After sowing, manual soil covering is required, which not only consumes a lot of manpower, but also results in poor uniformity of soil covering, affecting the quality of seedling cultivation.

[0004] During operation, substrate soil easily adheres to the surface of the pressing roller, requiring manual cleaning with a hand brush in real time. This is labor-intensive, and if cleaning is not done in time, it will lead to inconsistent pressing depth, which will further affect the sowing accuracy.

[0005] The equipment lacks sufficient guidance for transporting seedling trays, which can easily lead to deviations and misalignments in processes such as soil mixing and hole pressing.

[0006] To address these issues, this invention proposes an automatic soil leveling device for tobacco seedling trays and a hole-pressing seeder. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an automatic soil leveling device for tobacco seedling trays and a hole-pressing seeder, which realizes automatic soil leveling, soil covering, soil cleaning and stable transportation, reduces manual intervention and improves work efficiency and seedling quality.

[0008] In a first aspect, this utility model provides an automatic soil leveling device for tobacco seedling trays, including a V-shaped scraper plate, which is fixed behind a plate seeder and its bottom abuts against the top of the seedling tray; the front end of the scraper plate is pointed towards the plate seeder, and the rear ends extend to the edges of the seedling tray on both sides.

[0009] Furthermore, the rear ends of the scraper plate are connected to the frame by pull ropes; when the seedling tray is not moved below the scraper plate, the pull ropes keep the scraper plate in an inclined state with the front higher than the back, so that the scraper plate can be lifted smoothly when the seedling tray enters, and avoid jamming.

[0010] Furthermore, the front end and both sides of the scraper are provided with surrounding plates, which together with the scraper form a cavity for accommodating the covering soil, preventing the covering soil from overflowing from both sides and ensuring the uniform soil distribution effect.

[0011] Secondly, a hole-pressing seeder is provided, including the aforementioned automatic soil leveling device for tobacco seedling trays, and further including: a hole-pressing roller set at the front of the frame; a scraper located behind the scraper plate, made of rubber, with a gap of 0.5-1mm between the bottom and the top of the seedling tray, for secondary leveling and soil covering; a bottom roller installed at the top of the frame; and guide rollers set on the side of the bottom roller.

[0012] Furthermore, a soil collection hopper with its top fixed to the frame is provided below the scraper and the scraper plate; the bottom of the soil collection hopper is provided with an openable and closable unloading door for recycling excess cover soil.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a rotating brush that contacts the surface of the cavitation roller. The brush is connected to the cavitation roller via a gear mechanism, and the rotation speed of the brush is more than 6 times that of the cavitation roller to ensure efficient soil removal.

[0014] Furthermore, the scraping disc is connected to the frame via a traction rope to adjust the working height and adapt to seedling tray substrates of different thicknesses.

[0015] Furthermore, the mounting axis of the guide roller forms an angle of 85°-90° with the axis of the bottom roller, which can closely fit the side of the seedling tray and prevent deviation during transportation.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] High degree of automation: Automatic soil spreading and covering are achieved through a scraper plate, and the brush automatically cleans the compaction roller, reducing labor costs and increasing work efficiency by more than 30%.

[0018] High soil uniformity: The V-shaped scraper and the surrounding plate design ensure uniform soil coverage, and the secondary leveling by the scraper further improves the flatness of the substrate.

[0019] Thorough soil removal: The brush and the cavitation roller are connected by a drive system and designed for high speed, which improves soil removal efficiency by 50% and ensures consistent cavitation depth;

[0020] Resource recycling: The soil collection bucket collects excess topsoil;

[0021] Stable conveying: The angle design of the guide rollers effectively prevents the seedling tray from shifting, reducing the process misalignment rate to below 5%. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 , 3 This is an overall schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the brush and cavitation roller structure provided in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the scraping disc and scraper structure provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0027] The following are the labeling elements in the figure:

[0028] 1. Scraper disc; 11. Traction rope; 12. Enclosure; 13. Receptacle; 14. Pull rope; 2. Plate seeder; 3. Hole pressing roller; 4. Frame; 41. Bottom roller; 42. Guide roller; 5. Brush; 6. Seedling tray; 7. Soil collection hopper; 8. Scraper.

[0029] The accompanying drawings have illustrated specific embodiments of the present invention, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art through reference to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] This embodiment addresses the need for automation in the process of evenly covering the soil during tobacco seedling cultivation by providing an automatic soil leveling device with a stable structure and strong adaptability. It can be directly assembled at the rear end of an existing plate seeder to realize automatic soil leveling and covering of the substrate after sowing.

[0033] The core component of this device is the V-shaped scraper plate 1, which is made of 304 stainless steel sheet by stamping. It is corrosion-resistant and high-strength, and can adapt to the humid environment and substrate dust in the seedling workshop. In this embodiment, the V-shaped structure of the scraper plate 1 is designed with an angle of 135°. When the angle is less than 120°, the substrate is prone to accumulate at the tip and form a blockage; when it is greater than 150°, the two sides are difficult to cover the side areas of the seedling tray 6. The angle of 120°-150° can ensure that the substrate is evenly distributed along the V-shaped slope, and can also extend the rear sides to 5mm outside the edge of the seedling tray 6, ensuring no missed areas. The front end of the scraper plate 1 is processed into a pointed shape. This design can reduce the contact resistance with the substrate on the surface of the seedling tray 6, avoid the substrate being "pushed" and forming a bulge, and at the same time facilitate the smooth lifting of the scraper plate 1 when the seedling tray 6 enters.

[0034] The connection between the scraper plate 1 and the frame 4 is achieved through two sets of pull ropes 14 and one set of traction ropes 11. The pull ropes 14 are made of stainless steel wire rope, one end of which is fixed to the ear plates on both sides of the rear end of the scraper plate 1 by bolts, and the other end is connected to the frame 4. When the seedling tray 6 is not under the scraper plate 1, the tension of the pull ropes 14 and the traction ropes 11 keeps the scraper plate 1 tilted at the front and lower at the back, with an initial gap of 15mm between the front end and the top of the seedling tray 6 and a gap of 5mm at the rear end. The advantage of this tilt angle design is that when the seedling tray 6 moves forward with the conveying mechanism, its front edge can naturally push up the tip of the scraper plate 1, and the pull ropes 14 are stretched accordingly, so that the scraper plate 1 gradually transitions to a horizontal state, and the bottom is in close contact with the substrate surface, avoiding jamming or overturning of the substrate layer due to rigid contact.

[0035] During assembly, the plate seeder 2 should first be fixed in the preset position on the frame 4, with its discharge port aligned with the tip of the scraper plate 1. Then, adjust the tension of the pull rope 14 and push the simulated seedling tray 6 from below by hand. The scraper plate 1 should be able to rise smoothly without any obvious jamming.

[0036] During operation, the seedling tray 6 is pushed by the conveying mechanism to the bottom of the plate seeder 2 to complete the sowing, and then continues to move forward to the bottom of the scraper plate 1. At this time, the scraper plate 1 is gradually leveled by the push of the seedling tray 6. Under the action of gravity and the pushing force of the scraper plate 1, the substrate flows along the V-shaped slope to both sides of the seedling tray 6, filling the depressions on the surface of the substrate after sowing. Because the bottom of the scraper plate 1 is in close contact with the substrate surface and the moving speed is synchronized with the conveying mechanism, the substrate is evenly scraped and leveled, and the thickness error can be controlled within ±0.3mm. After the seedling tray 6 has completely passed, the scraper plate 1 returns to its initial tilted state under the pull of the pull rope 14, waiting for the next seedling tray 6 to enter. Of course, the seedling trays 6 can enter continuously, one after the other.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] Based on Example 1, this embodiment integrates functions such as hole pressing, sowing, soil leveling, soil cleaning, and conveying to form an integrated hole pressing and sowing machine, which solves problems such as uneven hole pressing depth, seedling tray displacement, substrate waste, and personnel waste in existing equipment.

[0039] The front of the frame 4 is equipped with a pressing roller 3, with pressing heads evenly distributed on its surface corresponding to the holes in the seedling tray 6. The center distance between adjacent pressing heads is the same as the distance between the holes in the seedling tray. Both ends of the pressing roller 3 are fixed to the frame 4 by bearing seats.

[0040] A rotating brush 5 is provided at the pressure roller 3, with nylon bristles. The shaft of the brush 5 is connected to the pressure roller 3 via a gear mechanism. In this embodiment, a gear with 120 teeth is fixed at the end of the brush shaft, meshing with a driven gear (20 teeth, not shown in the figure) at the end of the shaft of the pressure roller 3, forming a transmission ratio of 6:1, which meets the design requirement of "rotation speed more than 6 times that of the pressure roller". The high-speed design allows the bristles to generate a strong centrifugal force, completely peeling off the moist substrate adhering to the surface of the pressure roller 3.

[0041] Behind the pressure roller 3, the plate seeder 2 and the automatic soil leveling device in Example 1 are arranged in sequence. The three are arranged along the central axis of the frame 4 and are consistent with the conveying direction.

[0042] The front end and both sides of the scraper plate 1 are welded with a surrounding plate 12. The surrounding plate 12 is made of stainless steel plate of the same material. The inner side wall of the surrounding plate 12 is designed with a 15° inclined angle. This angle can guide the substrate to slide down the wall surface, avoid accumulation in the corner, and prevent the substrate from overflowing from both sides during the soil mixing process.

[0043] A scraper 8 is located 15cm behind the scraper plate 1. It is made of nitrile rubber. The elasticity of the rubber material can prevent scratching the substrate, while the tiny gaps can perform secondary trimming on the substrate after it has been leveled by the scraper plate 1, removing the tiny protrusions on the surface and further improving the flatness of the substrate.

[0044] The top of the frame 4 is equipped with bottom rollers 41 and guide rollers 42, which together constitute the conveying mechanism of the seedling tray 6. A soil collection hopper 7 is located directly below the scraper plate 1 and scraper 8. The upper edge of the soil collection hopper 7 is 5cm away from the bottom of the scraper plate 1 and scraper 8, which can collect the mixed soil and excess substrate scattered during the secondary leveling process. In some embodiments, an openable and closable unloading door is installed at the lower opening.

[0045] The working process of this seeding tray 6 is as follows: First, the seedling tray 6 filled with substrate is placed on the bottom roller 41, and the guide roller 42 forms a limit on both sides, and the seedling tray 6 moves forward with the roller; when it passes the pressing roller 3, the pressing head presses out uniform depressions on the substrate surface, and at the same time the rotating brush 5 cleans the adhering substrate on the surface of the pressing roller 3 at high speed; then the seedling tray 6 reaches the bottom of the plate seeder 2 to complete the sowing; then it enters the bottom of the scraper plate 1, where the V-shaped structure evens out the substrate and covers the seeds, and the surrounding plate 12 prevents the substrate from overflowing; then it is leveled again by the scraper 8, and the excess substrate falls into the soil collection hopper 7; finally, the seedling tray 6 is output from the end of the equipment, completing all the processes.

[0046] Other embodiments of the present invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and embodiments are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the invention are indicated by the foregoing claims.

[0047] It should be understood that this invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tobacco seedling tray automatic soil leveling device, characterized in that: Includes a V-shaped scraper plate (1), with a V-shaped angle of 120°-150°. The scraper plate (1) is fixed behind the plate seeder (2), and its bottom abuts against the top of the seedling tray (6). The front end of the scraper plate (1) is pointed towards the plate seeder (2), and the rear ends extend to the edge of the seedling tray (6) on both sides.

2. The automatic soil leveling device for tobacco seedling tray according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear ends of the scraper plate (1) are connected to the frame (4) by pull ropes (14); when the seedling tray (6) is not moved below the scraper plate (1), the pull ropes (14) keep the scraper plate (1) tilted with the front higher than the back.

3. The automatic soil leveling device for tobacco seedling tray according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end and both sides of the scraper plate (1) are provided with a surrounding plate (12), and the surrounding plate (12) and the scraper plate (1) together form a receiving cavity (13) for accommodating the covering soil.

4. A press-toe planter characterized by: The automatic soil leveling device for tobacco seedling trays as described in any one of claims 1-3 further includes: The cavitation roller (3) is located at the front of the frame (4); The scraper (8) is located behind the scraper plate (1); Bottom rollers (41) are installed on the top of the frame (4). The guide roller (42) is located on the side of the bottom roller (41), and the pressing roller (3), plate seeder (2), scraper plate (1), and scraper (8) are arranged in sequence along the conveying direction of the seedling tray (6).

5. A press-to-plant seeder according to claim 4 wherein: Below the scraper disc (1) and scraper (8) is a soil collection hopper (7) with its top fixed to the frame (4).

6. A press-to-plant seeder according to claim 4 wherein: It also includes a rotating brush (5) that contacts the surface of the cavitation roller (3).

7. A hole-pressing seeder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The brush (5) is connected to the cavitation roller (3) via a gear mechanism, and the rotation speed of the brush (5) is more than 6 times that of the cavitation roller (3).

8. A press-to-plant seeder according to claim 4 wherein: The skid plate (1) is connected to the frame (4) by a traction rope (11) to adjust the working height.

9. A press-to-plant seeder according to claim 5 wherein: The bottom of the soil collection hopper (7) is equipped with an openable and closable unloading gate.

10. A press-to-plant seeder according to claim 4 wherein: The mounting axis of the guide roller (42) forms an angle of 85°-90° with the axis of the bottom roller (41).

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