A single-row horizontal disc precision seeder

Abstract

This utility model discloses a single-row seeder horizontal disc precision seeder, including a lower support frame, multiple frame support columns mounted on the upper side of the lower support frame, and an upper support frame mounted on the upper side of the frame support columns. It also includes a seed box, a seed metering device, a seed feeding hopper, a forced seed pushing blade, an upper seeding plow, a connecting shaft, a lower seeding plow, support rods, and a covering wheel. The seed box is connected to the lower side of the upper support frame, the seed metering device is located on the upper side of the upper support frame and connected to the seed box, and the seed feeding hopper is connected to the lower side of the seed box. This single-row seeder horizontal disc precision seeder features a three-stage seed cleaning mechanism. Independent brushes are set according to the rotation direction of the seed metering disc to achieve graded seed cleaning and density control. A seed pushing mechanism forcibly pushes seeds out from the seed inlet, improving seeding accuracy. One seed metering device corresponds to three-channel seeding, and an integrated furrowing and covering soil and roller device ensures seeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a single-row horizontal disc precision seeder. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of the continuous development of agricultural mechanization, sowing equipment, as a key piece of equipment in agricultural production, directly affects sowing efficiency and quality. However, there is still room for improvement in terms of structural stability, seed treatment accuracy, and intelligent control of current traditional sowing equipment.

[0003] The following is an analysis of the core problems and similar solutions of the existing technology: Most existing seeders use air suction seed metering devices (such as "An Axial Flow Air Suction Seeding Device" patent number: CN202210190436.6). Although they can achieve single planting, they have many shortcomings, especially in terms of multi-channel collaborative seeding, seed flow density control and remote operation adaptability. The existing technology has not yet fully met the needs of efficient and precise seeding, which provides a real necessity for the development of new seeding equipment.

[0004] The most similar implementation to this invention is a horizontal disc-type precision seed metering device suitable for sloping land (patent number: CN202311495016.X). The bevel gear reversing box is fixed below the chassis, the upper shell and the frame are fixed above and below the chassis respectively, the seed inlet of the chassis is located directly below the seed pushing mechanism, one end of the first to third level seed cleaning brush fixing beam is connected to the upper inner wall of the upper shell, and the other end is connected to the upper outer surface of the truncated cone. The seed pushing mechanism positioning hole is located on the outer boss of the truncated cone. The seed box guide tube, the three-level seed cleaning brush fixing beam and the seed pushing mechanism positioning hole are arranged in circumferential order, consistent with the rotation direction of the seed metering disc. This invention completes seed cleaning and reduces seed flow density through the three-level seed cleaning mechanism, and the seed pushing mechanism forces the seeds out of the seed inlet to complete the seeding.

[0005] In existing seeders, seed cleaning relies on a single cleaning component or the natural fall of seeds, resulting in high levels of residual impurities after cleaning. Furthermore, the concentrated density of the seed flow during transport leads to poor seed cleaning efficiency and inadequate seed flow control. The seed pushing mechanism is often passively designed, lacking an active, forced pushing function. When seeds are stuck together or different seeds have varying gravity, delayed or missed seeding is highly likely. The multi-channel collaborative operation capability and overall operational support are weak, and the mismatch between the number of seed metering devices and the number of channels results in significant seed distribution deviations during multi-channel seeding. Utility Model Content

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a single-row horizontal disc precision seeder to solve problems such as incomplete seed cleaning, easy congestion of seed flow, delayed and missed seeding, and uneven seeding in multi-channel seeding as mentioned in the background art.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a single-row seeder horizontal disc precision seeder, comprising a lower support frame, with multiple frame support columns mounted on the upper side of the lower support frame, and an upper support frame mounted on the upper side of the frame support columns. It also includes a seed box, a seed metering device, a seed feeding hopper, a forced seed pushing blade, an upper seeding plow, a connecting shaft, a lower seeding plow, support rods, and a soil covering wheel. The seed box is connected to the lower side of the upper support frame. The seed metering device is located on the upper side of the upper support frame and is connected to the seed box. The seed feeding hopper is connected to the lower side of the seed box. A rotating rod is rotatably mounted inside the seed feeding hopper, and a forced seed pushing blade is sleeved on the rotating rod. The upper seeding plow is connected to the lower side of the seed feeding hopper, and a connecting shaft is mounted on the upper seeding plow. A lower seeding plow is sleeved on the connecting shaft, and multiple support rods are mounted on the lower seeding plow. A soil covering wheel is rotatably mounted on the lower part of each support rod.

[0010] The seed metering device includes a lower outer shell, a seed metering disc, a rolling bearing, an upper outer shell, a seed cleaning brush, and a rotating shaft coupling. The lower outer shell is mounted on the upper side of the upper support frame. The seed metering disc is rotatably mounted inside the lower outer shell. The rolling bearing is located on the upper side of the seed metering disc. The upper outer shell is mounted on the upper side of the rolling bearing. A seed cleaning brush is installed on the inner top wall of the upper outer shell, and the seed cleaning brush is located above the seed metering disc. The rotating shaft coupling drives the rotating shaft through the seed metering disc and is located on the lower side of the seed metering disc. The lower outer shell is provided with a driving component for driving the rotating shaft coupling to rotate.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the single-row seeder horizontal disc precision seeder described in this utility model, in order to realize the seed pushing operation of the seeds that have entered the upper outer shell and are located on the seed-rowing disc, a seed pushing frame is provided on the upper side of the upper outer shell, and a seed pushing roller is sleeved on the seed pushing frame.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the single-row seeder horizontal disc precision seeder described in this utility model, in order to accelerate the seed cleaning speed on the seeding disc and enhance the seed cleaning effect, the number of seed cleaning brushes is three, and the three seed cleaning brushes are arranged in a ring inside the upper outer shell.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the single-row seeder horizontal disc precision seeder described in this utility model, in order to enhance the coordination of multi-channel seeding and the overall seeding operation guarantee capability, the lower side of the upper seeding plow is provided with three seeding openings, and the interior of the lower seeding plow is provided with three seeding channels.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the single-row horizontal disc precision seeder described in this utility model, in order to achieve automatic filling of the seed furrow after sowing, a leveling wheel frame is installed on the lower side of the lower support frame, and a leveling wheel is sleeved on the leveling wheel frame, and the leveling wheel can rotate on the leveling wheel frame.

[0015] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0016] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a single-row seeder horizontal disc precision seeder, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] In this invention, the three-stage seed cleaning mechanism can perform graded seed cleaning along the rotation direction of the seed metering disc, reducing seed flow density by more than 30%, impurity residue rate by 40%, and significantly improving seed cleaning efficiency. This directly increases the sowing accuracy to over 98%, solving the problems of reseeding and missed sowing caused by incomplete seed cleaning in traditional equipment. The forced seed pushing mechanism replaces the traditional passive seeding mode, eliminating seed adhesion and gravity differences-induced seeding lag through mechanical active pushing. The missed sowing rate is reduced from 8%-12% in existing technologies to below 1%, greatly improving seeding accuracy and ensuring uniform crop emergence. The "one seed metering device corresponding to three channels" layout design, combined with the trenching, soil covering, and roller device, works in concert. When multiple crops are sown simultaneously, the row spacing deviation is controlled within ±1 cm, the soil compaction rate is reduced by 60%, the operation efficiency is increased by 20%-30%, the seed waste rate is reduced by 25%, and the risk of reseeding and rework is significantly reduced. It provides efficient and reliable technical support for precision seeding, and is especially suitable for large-scale planting of high-value-added crops. Therefore, this single-row horizontal disc precision seeder is designed with a three-stage seed cleaning mechanism. Independent brushes are set according to the rotation direction of the seed metering disc to realize graded seed cleaning and density control. The seed pushing mechanism is used to force the seeds out from the seed inlet to improve the accuracy of seeding. One seed metering device is configured to correspond to three-channel seeding, and the integrated furrowing and soil covering and roller device ensures seeding. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from another perspective;

[0020] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seed metering device, seed pushing frame, and seed pushing rollers after they are exploded when they are combined in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seed box, seed feeding channel, forced seed pushing blade, upper seeding plow, connecting shaft, lower seeding plow, support rod, and soil covering wheel after they are blown apart when they are combined.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model from another perspective.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Lower support frame; 2. Frame support column; 3. Upper support frame; 4. Seed box; 5. Seed metering device; 6. Seed feeding hopper; 7. Forced seed pushing blade; 8. Upper sowing plow; 9. Connecting shaft; 10. Lower sowing plow; 11. Support rod; 12. Soil covering wheel; 13. Seed pushing frame; 14. Seed pushing roller; 15. Soil leveling wheel frame; 16. Soil leveling wheel; 17. Wheel; 18. Wireless receiving module; 19. Direction control horizontal shaft; 20. Power unit; 21. Gear 1; 22. Gear 2; 23. Gear 3; 24. Gear 4; 25. First power distribution transmission wheel; 26. Belt 1; 27. Second power distribution transmission wheel; 28. Belt 2;

[0024] 101. Lower outer casing; 102. Seed metering disc; 103. Rolling bearing; 104. Upper outer casing; 105. Seed cleaning brush; 106. Shaft coupling. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] Example

[0027] Please see Figures 1 to 5This embodiment proposes a single-row seeder horizontal disc precision seeder, including a lower support frame 1, multiple frame support columns 2 mounted on the upper side of the lower support frame 1, and an upper support frame 3 mounted on the upper side of the frame support columns 2. It also includes a seed box 4, a seed metering device 5, a seed feeding hopper 6, a forced seed pushing blade 7, an upper seeding plow 8, a connecting shaft 9, a lower seeding plow 10, a support rod 11, and a covering wheel 12. Compared with existing seeders that suffer from incomplete seed cleaning, easy seed flow congestion, delayed and missed seeding, and uneven seeding in multiple channels, this embodiment features a three-stage seed cleaning mechanism that can perform graded seed cleaning along the rotation direction of the seed metering disc 102, reducing seed flow density by more than 30%, reducing impurity residue by 40%, significantly improving seed cleaning efficiency, and directly promoting improved seeding precision. With a success rate exceeding 98%, this technology solves the problems of reseeding and missed sowing caused by incomplete seed cleaning in traditional equipment. The forced seed pushing mechanism replaces the traditional passive seeding mode, eliminating seed adhesion and seeding delays caused by gravity differences through mechanical active pushing. The missed sowing rate has been reduced from 8%-12% in existing technologies to below 1%, significantly improving the sowing accuracy and ensuring uniform crop emergence. The "one row of seeders with 5 corresponding to three channels" layout design, combined with the coordinated operation of furrowing, soil covering, and roller devices, controls the row spacing deviation within ±1 cm when sowing multiple crops simultaneously. The soil covering incomplete rate is reduced by 60%, the operation efficiency is increased by 20%-30%, the seed waste rate is reduced by 25%, and the risk of reseeding and rework is significantly reduced. This provides efficient and reliable technical support for precision sowing, and is especially suitable for large-scale planting scenarios of high-value-added crops.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, multiple wheels 17 are rotatably mounted on the lower support frame 1. A wireless receiving module 18 is installed on the upper side of the lower support frame 1, and a direction control horizontal shaft 19 is installed on the lower side of the lower support frame 1. A power unit 20 is installed on the upper side of the lower support frame 1. A rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the upper side of the lower support frame 1 via a mounting bracket. Gear 1 21 and gear 22 are respectively sleeved on both sides of the rotating shaft. Gear 3 23 and gear 4 24 are rotatably mounted on both sides of the power unit 20 via a first transmission rod. Gear 1 21 and gear 3 23 mesh, and gear 2 22 and gear 4 24 mesh. A second transmission rod is installed on the outer side of one of the four wheels 17. First power distribution transmission wheels 25 are sleeved on both the first and second transmission rods. The two first power distribution transmission wheels 25 are connected by a belt 26. Second power distribution transmission wheels 27 are sleeved on both the second transmission rod and the rotating rod. The two second power distribution transmission wheels 27 are connected by a belt 28. With motor drive and remote control operation, the power output stability is improved by 25%, reducing ineffective energy consumption caused by power fluctuations. Remote control reduces the number of operators required for a single device by 1-2, and reduces manual intervention costs by 50%. At the same time, the control response speed is improved, and the level of automation meets the needs of large-scale planting, resulting in efficiency and resource savings.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the seed box 4 is connected to the lower side of the upper support frame 3, and the seed metering device 5 is located on the upper side of the upper support frame 3 and is connected to the seed box 4, as shown. Figure 3 As shown, the seed metering device 5 includes a lower outer shell 101, a seed metering disc 102, a rolling bearing 103, an upper outer shell 104, a seed cleaning brush 105, and a rotating shaft coupling 106. The lower outer shell 101 is mounted on the upper side of the upper support frame 3. The seed metering disc 102 is rotatably mounted inside the lower outer shell 101. The rolling bearing 103 is located on the upper side of the seed metering disc 102. The upper outer shell 104 is mounted on the upper side of the rolling bearing 103. The seed cleaning brush 105 is installed on the inner top wall of the upper outer shell 104, and the seed cleaning brush 105 is located above the seed metering disc 102. The rotating shaft coupling 106 is located on the lower side of the seed metering disc 102, driving the rotating shaft through the seed metering disc. The upper housing 104 is equipped with a drive unit for rotating the shaft coupling 106. The drive unit is a forward and reverse motor. A seed pushing frame 13 is provided on the upper side of the upper housing 104. A seed pushing roller 14 is sleeved on the seed pushing frame 13. The seed pushing frame 13 and the seed pushing roller 14 cooperate to realize the mechanical pushing of seeds on the rotating seed metering disc 102, thereby eliminating seed adhesion and seeding delay caused by gravity differences. There are three seed cleaning brushes 105, which are arranged in a ring inside the upper housing 104. Multiple seed cleaning brushes 105 simultaneously clean the seeds on the seed metering disc 102, enhancing the seed cleaning effect. Figure 4 As shown, the seed feeding hopper 6 is connected to the lower side of the seed box 4. A rotating rod is rotatably installed inside the seed feeding hopper 6, and a forced seed pushing blade 7 is sleeved on the rotating rod. The upper sowing plow 8 is connected to the lower side of the seed feeding hopper 6, and a connecting shaft 9 is installed on the upper sowing plow 8. A lower sowing plow 10 is sleeved on the connecting shaft 9. Three seed feeding openings are opened on the lower side of the upper sowing plow 8, and three seed feeding channels are opened inside the lower sowing plow 10, enhancing the coordination of multi-channel seeding and the overall sowing operation guarantee capability. Multiple support rods 11 are installed on the lower sowing plow 10, and a soil covering wheel 12 is rotatably installed on the lower part of the support rods 11. Figure 5 As shown, a leveling wheel frame 15 is installed on the lower side of the lower bearing frame 1, and a leveling wheel 16 is sleeved on the leveling wheel frame 15. The leveling wheel 16 can rotate on the leveling wheel frame 15, realizing automatic filling of the seed furrow after sowing, eliminating the need for manual filling of the seed furrow afterward, and improving work efficiency.

[0030] Working principle:

[0031] Pour the seeds into the seed box 4 to ensure even distribution and no accumulation or blockage. After pouring, remotely or locally set the sowing parameters via the wireless receiving module 18, adjust the initial angle of the horizontal axis 19 to adapt to field operation needs, and confirm sufficient seed quantity through the observation port of the seed box 4. During sowing, the forward and reverse motors are connected to the seed metering disc via the shaft coupling 106 to drive the shaft, causing the seed metering disc to drive the shaft to rotate. The transmission action of the shaft, in conjunction with the gear set, power distribution transmission wheel set and belt set, drives the seed metering disc 102, wheels 17, upper sowing plow 8 and lower sowing plow 10 to operate synchronously. The seed metering disc 102 rotates, and with the drag reduction effect of the rolling bearing 103, it stably drives the seeds to flow in the seed box 4-seed metering area. The wheels 17 rotate to pull the whole machine forward, providing mobility for field operations. As the seeder moves forward, the lower sowing plow 10 cuts into the soil to complete the furrowing. The furrowing depth is controlled by the lower sowing plow 10 and soil resistance.

[0032] Seed cleaning stage: When the seed metering disc 102 rotates, the seed cleaning brush 105 contacts the surface of the seed metering disc 102. Utilizing the elasticity and friction of the seed cleaning brush 105, impurities on the seed surface are cleaned and the seeds are arranged to ensure uniform seed flow density and prevent clogging. Seed feeding stage: The cleaned seeds enter the feeding hopper 6 of the seed feeding channel. The seed pushing frame 13 and the seed pushing roller 14 are linked with the power transmission system, driving the forced seed pushing blade 7 to move periodically. The forced seed pushing blade 7 actively resists the seeds, overcoming seed adhesion and the influence of gravity, and accurately pushes the seeds onto the upper sowing plow. Inside the upper sowing plow 8, the seeds enter the three sowing channels inside the lower sowing plow 10 through the three sowing openings on the lower side of the upper sowing plow 8. This avoids delays and missed sowing. The seeds slide down the sowing channels and fall into the seed furrows opened by the lower sowing plow 10, completing the sowing process. To finish the field operation: after the seeds fall into the seed furrows, the leveling wheel 16 moves forward with the equipment. Supported by the leveling wheel frame 15, it levels the soil on both sides of the seed furrows to prepare for covering with soil. Then, the covering wheel 12 rolls to backfill the soil on both sides of the seed furrows to cover the seeds, ensuring close contact between the seeds and the soil, thus realizing the sowing of the seeds.

[0033] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A single-row horizontal disc precision seeder, comprising a lower support frame (1), wherein a plurality of frame support columns (2) are mounted on the upper side of the lower support frame (1), and an upper support frame (3) is mounted on the upper side of the frame support columns (2), characterized in that, Also includes: Seed box (4), the seed box (4) being connected to the lower side of the upper support frame (3); Seed metering device (5), which is located on the upper side of the upper support frame (3) and is connected to the seed box (4); The seed feeding hopper (6) is connected to the lower side of the seed box (4). A rotating rod is rotatably installed inside the seed feeding hopper (6), and a forced seed pushing plate (7) is sleeved on the rotating rod. The upper seeding plow (8) is connected to the lower side of the feeding hopper (6) of the seeding channel. A connecting shaft (9) is installed on the upper seeding plow (8), and a lower seeding plow (10) is sleeved on the connecting shaft (9). Multiple support rods (11) are installed on the lower seeding plow (10), and a soil covering wheel (12) is rotatably installed on the lower part of the support rods (11).

2. The single-row horizontal disc precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seed metering device (5) includes: The lower housing (101) is mounted on the upper side of the upper support frame (3); A seed metering disc (102) is rotatably mounted inside the lower outer casing (101); A rolling bearing (103) is disposed on the upper side of the seed metering disc (102); Upper housing (104), the upper housing (104) being mounted on the upper side of the rolling bearing (103); Seed cleaning brush (105): The seed cleaning brush (105) is installed on the inner top wall of the upper shell (104), and the seed cleaning brush (105) is located above the seed metering disc (102). A rotating shaft coupling (106) is provided on the lower side of the seed metering disc (102) via a driving shaft driven by the seed metering disc. A driving component for driving the rotating shaft coupling (106) to rotate is provided on the lower housing (101).

3. A single-row horizontal disc precision seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper side of the outer shell (104) is provided with a seed pushing frame (13), and a seed pushing roller (14) is sleeved on the seed pushing frame (13).

4. A single-row horizontal disc precision seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of the seed cleaning brushes (105) is three, and the three seed cleaning brushes (105) are arranged in a ring inside the upper outer shell (104).

5. A single-row horizontal disc precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper sowing plow (8) has three seeding openings on its lower side, and the lower sowing plow (10) has three seeding channels inside.

6. A single-row horizontal disc precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, A leveling wheel frame (15) is installed on the lower side of the lower bearing frame (1), and a leveling wheel (16) is sleeved on the leveling wheel frame (15). The leveling wheel (16) can rotate on the leveling wheel frame (15).

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