Dark-light coupling reaction mechanism and fertilizer conversion system

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a multi-stage decompression and gas release mechanism, a dark-light coupled reaction mechanism, and a fertilizer conversion system, relating to the field of biomass renewable energy technology; wherein, the dark-light coupled reaction mechanism includes: a dark reaction mechanism (51) and a light reaction mechanism (52); a heat exchanger is provided between the dark reaction mechanism (51) and the light reaction mechanism (52) for supplying heat to the light reaction mechanism (52) from the waste heat of dark fermentation of the dark reaction mechanism (51). Embodiments of this disclosure enable the utilization of waste heat from dark fermentation of the dark reaction mechanism (51).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of biomass renewable energy technology, and in particular to a dark-light coupled reaction mechanism and fertilizer conversion system. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass, with its dual attributes of being both a renewable energy source and a waste pollutant, is a current research focus. Biomass, such as straw, wood, agricultural waste, and industrial waste, has broad application potential. Among these, biomass-based hydrogen production is a significant breakthrough direction. Biomass-based hydrogen production has the advantages of low reaction cost, can be carried out at ambient temperature and pressure, and does not consume fossil fuels. Through biomass-based hydrogen production, biomass can be converted into clean energy, while simultaneously utilizing its potential as a resource treatment method to reduce pollution and carbon emissions.

[0003] CN103421678A discloses a system and method for producing mixed hydrogen alkyl gas by biomass fermentation. The system includes at least one hydrogen production reactor, at least one methane production reactor, and a mixed hydrogen alkyl gas product collection device. The hydrogen production reactor and the methane production reactor are connected by a material conveying pipeline. The produced hydrogen and methane are conveyed to the mixed hydrogen alkyl gas product collection device through their respective gas conveying pipelines to form mixed hydrogen alkyl gas. The hydrogen production reactor and the methane production reactor have a material reflux device. By adjusting the material flow rate in the material conveying pipeline and the material reflux ratio in the material reflux device of the hydrogen production reactor and / or the methane production reactor, the conversion rate of hydrogen and / or methane is improved, and the material reaction is buffered to adjust the anaerobic treatment effect of the material, thereby obtaining a mixed hydrogen alkyl gas with a specific hydrogen / methane mixing ratio.

[0004] CN104226671A discloses a green treatment system for biological waste, comprising: a separation tank for separating waste into solid waste and liquid waste; a fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation of the solid waste to obtain biogas; a first gas treatment device for introducing the obtained biogas to purify the biogas; a power generation system for introducing the purified biogas for combustion power generation; and an algae cultivation device connected to the first gas treatment device.

[0005] The aforementioned methods for treating biological waste have technical problems such as low efficiency in the treatment and utilization of biological waste, high risk factor, and high treatment cost.

[0006] In addition, as the core units of the fertilizer conversion system, the dark reaction mechanism and the light reaction mechanism cannot effectively recover and utilize the waste heat of dark fermentation in the dark reaction mechanism of the dark-light coupled reaction mechanism. The existing dark reaction mechanism and the light reaction mechanism in the light reaction mechanism have technical problems such as not being able to make full use of sunlight and waste heat of dark fermentation, resulting in waste of waste heat of dark fermentation. Utility Model Content

[0007] This disclosure presents a technical solution for a dark-light coupled reaction mechanism and a corresponding fertilizer conversion system.

[0008] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a dark-light coupled reaction mechanism is provided, comprising: a dark reaction mechanism and a light reaction mechanism; a heat exchanger is provided between the dark reaction mechanism and the light reaction mechanism for supplying heat to the light reaction mechanism from the waste heat of dark fermentation in the dark reaction mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the heat exchanger is configured as a plate heat exchanger; wherein, the dark reaction mechanism is provided on one side of the plate heat exchanger, and the light reaction mechanism is provided on one side of the plate heat exchanger.

[0010] Preferably, the dark reaction mechanism includes: a dark reaction container and a dark reaction stirring mechanism disposed within the dark reaction container.

[0011] Preferably, the dark reaction stirring mechanism is connected to a first drive motor; wherein, the first drive motor is used to drive the dark reaction stirring mechanism to stir the medium in the dark reaction vessel.

[0012] Preferably, the photoreaction mechanism includes: a photoreaction container and a photoreaction stirring mechanism disposed within the photoreaction container.

[0013] Preferably, the photoreaction stirring mechanism is connected to a second drive motor; wherein the second drive motor is used to drive the photoreaction stirring mechanism to stir the medium in the photoreaction container.

[0014] Preferably, the photoreaction mechanism further includes: at least one natural light guide mechanism; wherein the natural light guide mechanism is used to transmit sunlight to perform a photoreaction on the medium inside the photoreaction container.

[0015] Preferably, the photoreaction mechanism further includes: at least one auxiliary light source; wherein the auxiliary light source is used to provide a light source at night to perform a photoreaction on the medium inside the photoreaction container.

[0016] Preferably, the natural light guide mechanism disposed on the upper side of the photoreaction container is configured as a prism and / or an optical fiber bundle.

[0017] Preferably, the auxiliary light source disposed on the lower side of the photoreaction container is configured as an LED assembly.

[0018] Preferably, a connecting pipe is provided between the dark reaction mechanism and the light reaction mechanism.

[0019] Preferably, a valve is provided on the connecting pipe.

[0020] Preferably, a hollow fiber membrane is provided at the connection between the dark reaction mechanism and the connecting pipe; wherein, the hollow fiber membrane is used to deacidify the medium discharged from the dark reaction vessel.

[0021] Preferably, the dark reaction mechanism further includes: a sensor disposed inside the dark reaction vessel; wherein the sensor is used to detect one or more of the corresponding pH value, temperature value and dissolved oxygen value of the medium inside the dark reaction vessel.

[0022] Preferably, it further includes: a controller; wherein the controller is used to control the valve on the connecting pipe between the dark reaction mechanism and the light reaction mechanism to open or close according to one or more of the corresponding pH value, temperature value and dissolved oxygen value of the medium in the dark reaction container and one or more of the corresponding preset pH value, preset temperature value and preset dissolved oxygen value.

[0023] Preferably, the controller includes: a processor and a memory connected to the processor; wherein, the memory is used to pre-store one or more of the corresponding pH value, temperature value and dissolved oxygen value of the medium in the dark reaction container, and one or more of the corresponding preset pH value, preset temperature value and preset dissolved oxygen value; the processor is used to control the valve on the connecting pipe between the dark reaction mechanism and the photoreaction mechanism to open or close according to one or more of the corresponding pH value, temperature value and dissolved oxygen value of the medium in the dark reaction container and one or more of the corresponding preset pH value, preset temperature value and preset dissolved oxygen value.

[0024] Preferably, the sensor disposed within the dark reaction vessel is configured as a float level gauge.

[0025] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a multi-stage decompression and gas release mechanism is provided, comprising: a plurality of cascaded decompression chambers; wherein, a partition is provided between adjacent decompression chambers in the plurality of cascaded decompression chambers.

[0026] Preferably, each of the partitions includes: a partition body and at least one polygonal hole penetrating the partition body; wherein, after the first hole surface on one side of the polygonal hole is rotated by a set angle, it coincides with the second hole surface on the other side of the polygonal hole opposite to the first hole surface.

[0027] Preferably, the set angle is configured to be 60 degrees.

[0028] Preferably, the polygon corresponding to the polygonal hole is configured as a hexagon.

[0029] Preferably, a protrusion of a predetermined shape is provided on at least one inner wall of the polygonal hole.

[0030] Preferably, the protrusions of the set shape include one or more of the following: a first set shape protrusion corresponding to a first set size arranged according to a set distribution ratio, a second set shape protrusion corresponding to a second set size larger than the first set size, and a third set shape protrusion corresponding to a third set size larger than the second set size.

[0031] Preferably, the first predetermined shape protrusion, the second predetermined shape protrusion, and the third predetermined shape protrusion are configured as a first regular tetrahedral protrusion, a second regular tetrahedral protrusion, and a third regular tetrahedral protrusion.

[0032] Preferably, the first hole surface and the second hole surface are the first virtual hole surface and the second virtual hole surface formed by the polygonal hole on both sides of the partition body; wherein, the first virtual hole surface and the second virtual hole surface are in the shape of a polygon.

[0033] Preferably, the plurality of cascaded decompression chambers are peanut-shaped, and the partitions with different aperture sizes are provided at the throat of the peanut-shaped chambers; wherein the cross-sections corresponding to the different aperture sizes are polygonal.

[0034] Preferably, the partition is provided at the connection between the first decompression chamber and the decompression treatment mechanism in the plurality of cascaded decompression chambers; wherein, the aperture size of the partition provided at the connection between the first decompression chamber and the decompression treatment mechanism, and the partition provided at the peanut-shaped throat position after the first decompression chamber, decreases sequentially.

[0035] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a fertilizer conversion system is provided, comprising: a dark-light coupling reaction mechanism and a hydrogen-rich water-fertilizer preparation mechanism as described above; wherein the hydrogen-rich water-fertilizer preparation mechanism includes: a multi-stage depressurization and gas release mechanism as described above. The dark-light coupling reaction mechanism is used to perform a photoreaction on the fermentation liquid after adjusting the solution corresponding to the biomass crushed waste and the fermentation liquid of biochar to a preset pH value, preset temperature value and preset dissolved oxygen value, so as to obtain hydrogen, carbon dioxide and photoreaction fermentation tail liquid corresponding to the photoreaction fermentation liquid; the multi-stage depressurization and gas release mechanism is used to depressurize the hydrogen corresponding to the photoreaction fermentation liquid.

[0036] Preferably, the fertilizer conversion system further includes: a mixed gas separation mechanism connected to the dark-light coupling reaction mechanism, a fermentation tail liquid solidification mechanism connected to the mixed gas separation mechanism, and a hydrogen-rich water fertilizer preparation mechanism connected to the fermentation tail liquid solidification mechanism. The mixed gas separation mechanism is used to separate hydrogen from carbon dioxide and prepare carbon dioxide into carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer; the fermentation tail liquid solidification mechanism is used to prepare inorganic salt fertilizer from the photoreaction fermentation tail liquid; the hydrogen-rich water fertilizer preparation mechanism is used to prepare hydrogen-rich water fertilizer by depressurizing the hydrogen separated by the mixed gas separation mechanism using the multi-stage depressurization and gas release mechanism.

[0037] Preferably, the fertilizer conversion system further includes a biochar preparation mechanism connected to the dark-light coupling reaction mechanism; wherein the biochar preparation mechanism is used to prepare biochar from the residue corresponding to biomass crushing waste.

[0038] Preferably, the fertilizer conversion system further includes a pretreatment unit connected to the biochar preparation unit; wherein the pretreatment unit is used to add a NaOH solution of a set concentration to the biomass crushed waste, heat and pressurize it, and degrade it.

[0039] Preferably, the fertilizer conversion system further includes a crushing mechanism connected to the pretreatment mechanism; wherein the crushing mechanism is used to crush biomass waste.

[0040] Preferably, the mixed gas separation mechanism includes: a carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer preparation mechanism and a carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer storage tank connected to the carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer preparation mechanism; wherein, the carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer preparation mechanism is used to prepare carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer from the hydrogen and carbon dioxide corresponding to the photoreaction fermentation broth; and the carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer storage tank is used to store the carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer.

[0041] Preferably, the fermentation tail liquid solidification mechanism includes: an electrodialysis concentration mechanism, a pulsed core reaction mechanism, and a microwave-assisted drying mechanism connected in sequence; wherein, the electrodialysis concentration mechanism is used to concentrate the photoreactive fermentation tail liquid corresponding to the photoreactive fermentation liquid to obtain concentrated fermentation tail liquid; the pulsed core reaction mechanism is used to prepare an inorganic salt fertilizer gel from sodium alginate and the concentrated fermentation tail liquid; and the microwave-assisted drying mechanism is used to dry the inorganic salt fertilizer gel to obtain inorganic salt fertilizer.

[0042] Preferably, the fermentation tail liquid solidification mechanism further includes a power supply; wherein the power supply is used to supply power to the electrodialysis concentration mechanism, the pulsed core reaction mechanism and the microwave-assisted drying mechanism.

[0043] Preferably, the hydrogen-rich fertilizer preparation mechanism further includes: a high-speed rotary cutting mechanism and an ultrasonic cavitation mechanism respectively connected to the multi-stage decompression and gas release mechanism; wherein, the high-speed rotary cutting mechanism is used to disperse the hydrogen bubbles corresponding to the photoreaction fermentation broth; the multi-stage decompression and gas release mechanism is used to decompress the dispersed hydrogen bubbles; and the ultrasonic cavitation mechanism is used to ultrasonically cavitate the decompressed hydrogen bubbles to prepare hydrogen-rich fertilizer.

[0044] Preferably, the pretreatment mechanism includes: a pretreatment container, a nozzle disposed within the pretreatment container, and a heating wire; wherein the nozzle is used to add a NaOH solution of a set concentration to the biomass crushed waste; and the heating wire is used to heat and pressurize the biomass crushed waste to which the NaOH solution of the set concentration has been added.

[0045] Preferably, a first filtration mechanism is provided between the pretreatment mechanism and the dark-light coupling reaction mechanism and / or the biochar preparation mechanism.

[0046] Preferably, a second filtration mechanism is provided between the dark-light coupling reaction mechanism and the mixed gas separation mechanism and / or the fermentation tail liquid solidification mechanism.

[0047] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, a technical solution corresponding to a dark-light coupled reaction mechanism and a fertilizer conversion system is proposed to solve at least one of the following technical problems in the above-mentioned background technology: low efficiency in the treatment and utilization of biological waste, high risk factor, high treatment cost, inability to effectively recover and utilize the waste heat of dark fermentation in the dark reaction mechanism of the dark-light coupled reaction mechanism, and the inability of the existing dark reaction mechanism and the light reaction mechanism in the light reaction mechanism to make full use of sunlight and waste heat of dark fermentation, resulting in waste of waste heat of dark fermentation.

[0048] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0049] Other features and aspects of this disclosure will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0050] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the specification, serve to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure.

[0051] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the dark-light coupling reaction mechanism and fertilizer conversion system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 2A structural block diagram corresponding to the controller according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-stage pressure relief and gas release mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 4 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a partition according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structural mechanism corresponding to the partition being configured at a set angle of 0° according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0052] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote elements that have the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, they are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0053] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments.

[0054] In this document, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, the term "at least one" in this document means any combination of at least two of any one or more elements. For example, including at least one of A, B, and C can mean including any one or more elements selected from the set consisting of A, B, and C.

[0055] Furthermore, to better illustrate this disclosure, numerous specific details are set forth in the following detailed description. Those skilled in the art will understand that this disclosure can be practiced without certain specific details. In some instances, methods, means, components, and circuits well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail in order to highlight the main points of this disclosure.

[0056] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the dark-light coupling reaction mechanism and fertilizer conversion system according to embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 1 As shown, the dark-light coupling reaction mechanism includes a dark reaction mechanism 51 and a light reaction mechanism 52; a heat exchanger is provided between the dark reaction mechanism 51 and the light reaction mechanism 52 to supply heat to the light reaction mechanism 52 using the waste heat from the dark fermentation of the dark reaction mechanism 51. This solves the technical problem that existing dark reaction mechanisms and the light reaction mechanism in the light reaction mechanism cannot fully utilize sunlight and waste heat from dark fermentation, resulting in waste of waste heat from dark fermentation.

[0057] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat exchanger is configured as a plate heat exchanger 519; wherein, the dark reaction mechanism 51 is provided on one side of the plate heat exchanger 519, and the light reaction mechanism 52 is provided on one side of the plate heat exchanger 519.

[0058] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the dark reaction mechanism 51 includes: a dark reaction container and a dark reaction stirring mechanism 515 disposed within the dark reaction container.

[0059] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the dark reaction stirring mechanism 515 is connected to a first drive motor 517; wherein, the first drive motor 517 is used to drive the dark reaction stirring mechanism 515 to stir the medium in the dark reaction container.

[0060] In the embodiments disclosed herein and other possible embodiments, the dark reaction stirring mechanism 515 includes: a first connecting rod and a first stirring paddle connected to one end of the first connecting rod; the other end of the first connecting rod is connected to the bearing sleeve of the first drive motor 517.

[0061] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the photoreaction mechanism 52 includes: a photoreaction container and a photoreaction stirring mechanism 516 disposed within the photoreaction container.

[0062] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the photoreaction stirring mechanism 516 is connected to a second drive motor 518; wherein, the second drive motor 518 is used to drive the photoreaction stirring mechanism 516 to stir the medium of the photoreaction container.

[0063] In the embodiments disclosed herein and other possible embodiments, the photoreaction stirring mechanism 516 includes: a second connecting rod and a second stirring paddle connected to one end of the second connecting rod; the other end of the second connecting rod is connected to the bearing sleeve of the second drive motor 518.

[0064] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the photoreaction mechanism 52 further includes at least one natural light guide mechanism 520; wherein the natural light guide mechanism 520 is used to transmit sunlight to perform a photoreaction on the medium inside the photoreaction container.

[0065] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the photoreaction mechanism 52 further includes at least one auxiliary light source 521; wherein the auxiliary light source 521 is used to provide a light source at night to perform a photoreaction on the medium inside the photoreaction container.

[0066] In embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the natural light guide mechanism 520 disposed on the upper side of the photoreaction container is configured as a prism and / or an optical fiber bundle.

[0067] In embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the auxiliary light source 521 disposed on the lower side of the photoreaction container is configured as an LED assembly.

[0068] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, a connecting pipe 513 is further provided between the dark reaction mechanism 51 and the light reaction mechanism 52; wherein, a valve 514 is provided on the connecting pipe 513.

[0069] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, a hollow fiber membrane 512 is provided at the connection between the dark reaction mechanism 51 and the connecting pipe 513; wherein, the hollow fiber membrane 512 is used to deacidify the medium discharged from the dark reaction vessel.

[0070] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the dark reaction mechanism 51 further includes: a sensor disposed inside the dark reaction container; wherein the sensor is used to detect one or more of the corresponding pH value, temperature value and dissolved oxygen value of the medium inside the dark reaction container.

[0071] In this embodiment of the disclosure, a controller 10 is also included; wherein the controller 10 is used to control the valve 514 on the connecting pipe 513 between the dark reaction mechanism 51 and the light reaction mechanism 52 to open or close according to one or more of the corresponding pH value, temperature value and dissolved oxygen value of the medium in the dark reaction container and one or more of the corresponding preset pH value, preset temperature value and preset dissolved oxygen value.

[0072] Figure 2 A structural block diagram corresponding to a controller according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. For example... Figure 2 As shown in the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the controller 10 includes: a processor 101 and a memory 102 connected to the processor 101; wherein, the memory 102 is used to pre-store one or more of the corresponding pH value, temperature value and dissolved oxygen value of the medium in the dark reaction container and one or more of the corresponding preset pH value, preset temperature value and preset dissolved oxygen value; the processor 101 is used to control the valve 514 on the connecting pipe 513 further provided between the dark reaction mechanism 51 and the photoreaction mechanism 52 to open or close according to one or more of the corresponding pH value, temperature value and dissolved oxygen value of the medium in the dark reaction container and one or more of the corresponding preset pH value, preset temperature value and preset dissolved oxygen value.

[0073] In the embodiments disclosed herein and other possible embodiments, the controller 10 or the processor 101 further includes: a comparator; the comparator is used to control the valve 514 on the connecting pipe 513 between the dark reaction mechanism 51 and the light reaction mechanism 52 to open or close according to one or more of the corresponding pH value, temperature value and dissolved oxygen value of the medium in the dark reaction container and one or more of the corresponding preset pH value, preset temperature value and preset dissolved oxygen value.

[0074] In the embodiments disclosed herein and other possible embodiments, one or more of the corresponding pH value, temperature value and dissolved oxygen value of the medium in the dark reaction container respectively reach one or more of the corresponding preset pH value, preset temperature value and preset dissolved oxygen value to control the valve 514 on the connecting pipe 513 further provided between the dark reaction mechanism 51 and the light reaction mechanism 52 to open or close.

[0075] In embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the controller 10 or the processor 101 is configured as a digital signal processor (DSP), a digital signal processing device (DSPD), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a single-chip microcomputer. For example, the controller 10 or the processor 101 is configured as an STM32F0 single-chip microcomputer.

[0076] In the embodiments disclosed herein and other possible embodiments, memory 102 may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.

[0077] In embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the sensor disposed within the dark reaction vessel is configured as a float level gauge 511.

[0078] This disclosure also proposes a multi-stage decompression and gas release mechanism, comprising: multiple cascaded decompression chambers; wherein, a partition is provided between adjacent decompression chambers in the multiple cascaded decompression chambers.

[0079] In this embodiment of the disclosure, each of the partitions includes: a partition body and at least one polygonal hole 9253 penetrating the partition body; wherein, after the first hole surface on one side of the polygonal hole 9253 is rotated by a set angle, it coincides with the second hole surface on the other side of the polygonal hole 9253 opposite to the first hole surface.

[0080] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the set angle is configured to be 60°; the polygon corresponding to the polygonal hole 9253 is configured as a hexagon; and a protrusion of a set shape is provided on at least one inner wall 9256 of the polygonal hole 9253.

[0081] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the protrusion of the set shape includes one or more of the following: a first set shape protrusion corresponding to a first set size arranged according to a set distribution ratio, a second set shape protrusion corresponding to a second set size larger than the first set size, and a third set shape protrusion corresponding to a third set size larger than the second set size.

[0082] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first predetermined shape protrusion, the second predetermined shape protrusion, and the third predetermined shape protrusion are configured as a first regular tetrahedral protrusion B1, a second regular tetrahedral protrusion B2, and a third regular tetrahedral protrusion B3.

[0083] In the embodiments disclosed herein and other possible embodiments, the first hole surface and the second hole surface are the first virtual hole surface and the second virtual hole surface formed by the polygonal hole 9253 on both sides of the partition body; wherein, the first virtual hole surface and the second virtual hole surface are in the shape of a polygon.

[0084] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the plurality of cascaded decompression chambers are peanut-shaped, and the partitions 925 with different sized apertures are provided at the throat position of the peanut-shaped chambers; wherein the cross-sections corresponding to the different sized apertures are polygonal.

[0085] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the partition is provided at the connection between the first decompression chamber and the decompression treatment mechanism in the plurality of cascaded decompression chambers; wherein, the aperture size of the partition 925 provided at the connection between the first decompression chamber and the decompression treatment mechanism, and the partition 925 provided at the peanut-shaped throat position after the first decompression chamber, decreases sequentially.

[0086] Figure 3 A structural diagram corresponding to the multi-stage pressure reduction and gas release mechanism according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 3 As shown, the multi-stage decompression and gas release mechanism proposed in this embodiment includes: multiple cascaded decompression chambers; wherein, a partition as described above is provided between adjacent decompression chambers in the multiple cascaded decompression chambers.

[0087] In embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, multiple cascaded decompression chambers include: a first-stage decompression chamber 921, a second-stage decompression chamber 922 connected to the first-stage decompression chamber 921, a third-stage decompression chamber 923 connected to the second-stage decompression chamber 922, and a fourth-stage decompression chamber 924 connected to the third-stage decompression chamber 923.

[0088] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the plurality of cascaded decompression chambers are peanut-shaped, and the partitions with different aperture sizes are provided at the throat position of the peanut-shaped chambers; wherein, the cross-sections corresponding to the different aperture sizes are polygonal; further, the multiple cross-sections corresponding to the polygonal holes 9253 on the partitions with the same aperture size are polygonal with equal areas.

[0089] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the partition is provided at the connection between the first decompression chamber and the decompression treatment mechanism (high-speed rotary cutting mechanism 91) in the plurality of cascaded decompression chambers; wherein, the aperture size of the partition provided at the connection between the first decompression chamber and the decompression treatment mechanism, and the partition provided at the peanut-shaped throat position after the first decompression chamber, decreases sequentially.

[0090] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a partition according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structural mechanism of the partition according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown when the set angle is configured to 0°. This is to facilitate better observation of the three-dimensional structure of the partition by those skilled in the art. Figure 5 The at least one inner wall of the polygonal hole is not shown to have a protrusion of a predetermined shape. This is to facilitate better observation by those skilled in the art of observing that at least one inner wall of the polygonal hole has a protrusion of a predetermined shape.

[0091] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, this disclosure proposes a baffle, comprising: a baffle body and at least one polygonal hole 9253 penetrating the baffle body; wherein, after rotating a first hole surface on one side of the polygonal hole 9253 by a set angle, it coincides with a second hole surface on the other side of the polygonal hole 9253 opposite to the first hole surface. The set angle is greater than 0 and less than 360°; the multiple cross-sections corresponding to the polygonal hole 9253 are polygonal in shape with equal areas. This addresses at least one technical problem in existing multi-stage decompression and gas release mechanisms and their internal baffle designs that hinder decompression of fluids passing through them and the generation of local turbulence.

[0092] In embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the polygonal hole 9253 is configured as a rotating polygonal hole obtained by rotating according to the set angle. This special structure of the rotating hole wall corresponding to the rotating polygonal hole increases the flow of fluid through it; in addition, this special structure corresponding to the polygonal hole wall is beneficial for decompression of the fluid through it.

[0093] In the embodiments disclosed herein and other possible embodiments, the set angle is configured to 60°; further, the polygon corresponding to the polygonal hole 9253 is configured as a hexagon. A protrusion of a predetermined shape is provided on at least one inner wall 9256 of the polygonal hole 9253, which facilitates the generation of local turbulence in the fluid passing through it.

[0094] In the embodiments disclosed herein and other possible embodiments, the protrusions of the defined shape include: one or more of the following: a first defined shape protrusion corresponding to a first defined size arranged according to a defined distribution ratio; a second defined shape protrusion corresponding to a second defined size larger than the first defined size; and a third defined shape protrusion corresponding to a third defined size larger than the second defined size. Further, the first defined shape protrusion, the second defined shape protrusion, and the third defined shape protrusion are configured as a first regular tetrahedral protrusion B1, a second regular tetrahedral protrusion B2, and a third regular tetrahedral protrusion B3. Even further, the first hole surface and the second hole surface are first virtual hole surfaces and second virtual hole surfaces formed by the polygonal hole 9253 on both sides of the partition body; wherein the first virtual hole surface and the second virtual hole surface are polygonal in shape.

[0095] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the multi-stage decompression and gas release mechanism 92 is shaped like a peanut. At the inlet connection of the multi-stage decompression and gas release mechanism 6, and at the throat position of the peanut-shaped part, there are partitions with different apertures. The partitions are provided with honeycomb-shaped polygonal holes 9253 of different apertures, and are rotated by a set angle of 60 degrees to prolong the action time on the medium and increase the decompression time. The honeycomb-shaped polygonal holes 9253 of different apertures have three different sizes corresponding to a first set size and a second set size corresponding to a first set size, with a set distribution ratio. The second tetrahedral protrusion B2, which corresponds to a size larger than the second set size, and the third tetrahedral protrusion B3, which corresponds to a size larger than the second set size, are distributed in a ratio of 5:3:2. The third set size, the third set size, and the first set size gradually decrease. The first tetrahedral protrusion B1, the second tetrahedral protrusion B2, and the third tetrahedral protrusion B3 can induce local turbulence in the medium and dissipate the fluid kinetic energy of the medium through vortices. The multi-stage depressurization and gas release mechanism 92 is equipped with four baffles. The aperture of the polygonal holes 9253 of different baffles gradually decreases along the fluid direction, thereby achieving the purpose of gradient depressurization.

[0096] In embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, such as Figure 3As shown, multiple cascaded decompression chambers include: a first-stage decompression chamber 921, a second-stage decompression chamber 922 connected to the first-stage decompression chamber 921, a third-stage decompression chamber 923 connected to the second-stage decompression chamber 922, and a fourth-stage decompression chamber 924 connected to the third-stage decompression chamber 923. A first partition 925 is provided at the inlet connection of the first-stage decompression chamber 921; a first partition 926 is provided between the first-stage decompression chamber 921 and the second-stage decompression chamber 922; a third partition 927 is provided between the second-stage decompression chamber 922 and the third-stage decompression chamber 924; a fourth partition 928 is provided between the third-stage decompression chamber 923 and the fourth-stage decompression chamber 924; and the outlet of the fourth-stage decompression chamber 924 is connected to an ultrasonic cavitation mechanism 93.

[0097] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, at the inlet connection of the multi-stage decompression and gas release mechanism 92 and at the peanut-shaped throat position, there are baffles with different apertures in a honeycomb shape. The polygonal holes 9253 with different apertures in a honeycomb inner wall shape are provided with a first regular tetrahedral protrusion B1 corresponding to a first predetermined size, a second regular tetrahedral protrusion B2 corresponding to a second predetermined size, and a third regular tetrahedral protrusion B3 corresponding to a third predetermined size, with a predetermined distribution ratio.

[0098] In the embodiments disclosed herein and other possible embodiments, a first aperture surface 9254 is provided on one side of the polygonal hole 9253; a second aperture surface 9255 is provided on the other side of the polygonal hole 9253 opposite to the first aperture surface 9254; wherein the first aperture surface 9254 is rotated by a set angle of 60 degrees to coincide with the second aperture surface 9255, thereby increasing the decompression time of the medium. Further, any inner wall 9256 of the honeycomb inner wall is provided with three different sizes of first tetrahedral protrusions B1, second regular tetrahedral protrusions B2, and third regular tetrahedral protrusions B3, with a set distribution ratio of 5:3:2. The size of the polygonal cross-section (aperture) corresponding to the polygonal holes 9253 of different apertures gradually decreases. The first tetrahedral protrusions B1, second regular tetrahedral protrusions B2, and third regular tetrahedral protrusions B3 can induce local turbulence in the flowing medium, dissipating the fluid kinetic energy of the medium through vortices.

[0099] The embodiments of this disclosure also propose a fertilizer conversion system, including: a dark-light coupled reaction mechanism 5 as described above and a hydrogen-rich water-fertilizer preparation mechanism 9 connected to the dark-light coupled reaction mechanism 5; wherein, the hydrogen-rich water-fertilizer preparation mechanism 9 includes: a multi-stage depressurization and gas release mechanism 92 as described above; wherein, the dark-light coupled reaction mechanism 5 is used to perform a photoreaction on the fermentation broth after adjusting the solution corresponding to the biomass crushed waste and the fermentation broth of biochar to a preset pH value, a preset temperature value, and a preset dissolved oxygen value, to obtain hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and photoreaction fermentation tail liquid corresponding to the photoreaction fermentation broth; the multi-stage depressurization and gas release mechanism 92 is used to depressurize the hydrogen corresponding to the photoreaction fermentation broth. This addresses at least one of the technical problems in the above-mentioned biological waste treatment methods, such as low efficiency in the treatment and utilization of biological waste, high risk factor, high treatment cost, and inability to effectively recover and utilize the waste heat from the dark fermentation in the dark reaction mechanism of the dark-light coupled reaction mechanism.

[0100] In this embodiment, the fertilizer conversion system further includes: a mixed gas separation mechanism 7 connected to the dark-light coupling reaction mechanism 5, a fermentation tail liquid solidification mechanism 8 connected to the mixed gas separation mechanism 7, and a hydrogen-rich water fertilizer preparation mechanism 9 connected to the fermentation tail liquid solidification mechanism 8; wherein, the mixed gas separation mechanism 7 is used to separate hydrogen from carbon dioxide and prepare carbon dioxide into carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer; the fermentation tail liquid solidification mechanism 8 is used to prepare inorganic salt fertilizer from the photoreaction fermentation tail liquid; the hydrogen-rich water fertilizer preparation mechanism 9 is used to prepare hydrogen-rich water fertilizer by depressurizing the hydrogen separated by the mixed gas separation mechanism 7 using the multi-stage depressurization and gas release mechanism 92.

[0101] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the fertilizer conversion system further includes a biochar preparation mechanism 4 connected to the dark-light coupling reaction mechanism 5; wherein the biochar preparation mechanism 4 is used to prepare biochar from the residue corresponding to biomass crushing waste.

[0102] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the fertilizer conversion system further includes a pretreatment unit 2 connected to the biochar preparation unit 4; wherein the pretreatment unit 2 is used to add a NaOH solution of a set concentration to the biomass crushed waste, heat and pressurize it, and degrade it.

[0103] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the fertilizer conversion system further includes a crushing mechanism 1 connected to the pretreatment mechanism 2; wherein the crushing mechanism 1 is used to crush biomass waste.

[0104] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the mixed gas separation mechanism 7 includes: a carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer preparation mechanism 72 and a carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer storage tank 71 connected to the carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer preparation mechanism 72; wherein, the carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer preparation mechanism 72 is used to prepare carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer from hydrogen and carbon dioxide corresponding to the photoreaction fermentation broth; the carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer storage tank 71 is used to store the carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer storage tank 71.

[0105] In this embodiment, the fermentation tail liquid solidification mechanism 8 includes: an electrodialysis concentration mechanism 81, a pulsed core reaction mechanism 83, and a microwave-assisted drying mechanism 84 connected in sequence; wherein, the electrodialysis concentration mechanism 81 is used to concentrate the photoreactive fermentation tail liquid corresponding to the photoreactive fermentation liquid to obtain concentrated fermentation tail liquid; the pulsed core reaction mechanism 83 is used to prepare an inorganic salt fertilizer gel from sodium alginate and the concentrated fermentation tail liquid; and the microwave-assisted drying mechanism 84 is used to dry the inorganic salt fertilizer gel to obtain inorganic salt fertilizer.

[0106] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the fermentation tail liquid solidification mechanism 8 further includes a power supply 82; wherein the power supply 82 is used to supply power to the electrodialysis concentration mechanism 81, the pulsating core reaction mechanism 83 and the microwave-assisted drying mechanism 84.

[0107] In this embodiment, the hydrogen-rich fertilizer preparation mechanism 9 further includes a high-speed rotary cutting mechanism 91 and an ultrasonic cavitation mechanism 93, both connected to the multi-stage decompression and gas release mechanism 92. The high-speed rotary cutting mechanism 91 disperses the hydrogen bubbles corresponding to the photoreaction fermentation broth. The multi-stage decompression and gas release mechanism 92 decompresses the dispersed hydrogen bubbles. The ultrasonic cavitation mechanism 93 ultrasonically cavitates the decompressed hydrogen bubbles to prepare hydrogen-rich fertilizer.

[0108] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the pretreatment mechanism 2 includes: a pretreatment container, a nozzle 21 disposed within the pretreatment container, and a heating wire 22; wherein, the nozzle 21 is used to add a NaOH solution of a set concentration to the biomass crushed waste; and the heating wire 22 is used to heat and pressurize the biomass crushed waste to which the NaOH solution of the set concentration has been added.

[0109] In this embodiment of the disclosure, a first filtration mechanism 3 is provided between the pretreatment mechanism 2 and the dark-light coupling reaction mechanism 5 and / or the biochar preparation mechanism 4.

[0110] In this embodiment of the disclosure, a second filtration mechanism 6 is provided between the dark-light coupling reaction mechanism 5 and the mixed gas separation mechanism 7 and / or the fermentation tail liquid solidification mechanism 8.

[0111] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the high-speed rotary cutting mechanism 91 can be configured as a bubble rotary cutting machine; the ultrasonic cavitation mechanism 93 is configured as an ultrasonic transducer array; the ultrasonic transducer array is used to perform ultrasonic cavitation treatment on hydrogen bubbles after decompression treatment at a set three-frequency composite frequency of 28kHz / 40kHz / 100kHz corresponding to a set sound intensity of 15W / cm², to prepare hydrogen-rich water fertilizer.

[0112] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, after biomass waste such as wheat straw and corn straw is crushed in the crushing mechanism 1, the crushed biomass waste is discharged into the pretreatment mechanism 2. A nozzle 21 set in the top space of the pretreatment mechanism 2 sprays a NaOH solution of a set concentration (e.g., 0.5%) into the crushed biomass waste entering the space of the pretreatment mechanism 2. A heating wire 22 set in the bottom space of the pretreatment mechanism 2 heats the crushed biomass waste (biomass crushed waste) sprayed with the NaOH solution of the set concentration, raising the pressure in the space of the pretreatment mechanism 2 to a set pressure (e.g., 0.8 MPa). After the pressure in the space of the pretreatment mechanism 2 is raised to the set pressure and maintained for a set time (e.g., 15 minutes), cellulase is used to degrade the cellulose and hemicellulose in the biomass into the crushed biomass waste (biomass crushed waste).

[0113] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the degraded biomass crushed waste is filtered through the first filtration mechanism 3 to obtain filtered biomass crushed waste; the residue corresponding to the filtered biomass crushed waste is then processed through the biochar preparation mechanism 4 to prepare biochar; the biochar and the solution corresponding to the filtered biomass crushed waste are transported to the dark reaction mechanism 51 of the dark-light reaction mechanism 5d; the first drive motor 517 installed in the dark reaction mechanism 51 drives the dark reaction stirring mechanism 515 to stir the biochar and the solution corresponding to the filtered biomass crushed waste, utilizing a float located at the top of the internal space of the dark reaction mechanism 51. The ball level gauge 511 monitors the pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen values ​​of the solution corresponding to the biochar and the filtered biomass crushed waste in real time. When the pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen values ​​reach the preset pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen values, respectively, the valves 514 on the connecting pipes 513 connected to the dark reaction mechanism 51 and the light reaction mechanism 52 are opened. The fermentation liquid (the solution corresponding to the biochar and the filtered biomass crushed waste) in the dark reaction mechanism 51 enters the light reaction mechanism 52 through the hollow fiber membrane 512 (0.1μm pore size). The hollow fiber membrane 512 is used to continuously remove VFAs (including acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, etc.).

[0114] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, a plate heat exchanger 519 is provided between the dark reaction mechanism 51 and the light reaction mechanism 52; wherein, the waste heat (35°C) of the dark fermentation of the dark reaction mechanism 51 is recovered by the plate heat exchanger 519, which can meet 80% of the heat supply demand of the light fermentation of the light reaction mechanism 52, and the heat energy self-sufficiency rate of the light reaction mechanism 52 is increased to 65%.

[0115] In the embodiments disclosed herein and other possible embodiments, the acid-removed fermentation broth entering the photoreaction mechanism 52 is stirred by the photoreaction stirring mechanism 516 driven by the second drive motor 518. Sunlight is transmitted using a prism frequency division + fiber optic bundle method via a natural light guide mechanism 520 to perform a photoreaction on the acid-removed fermentation broth, yielding hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and photoreaction tail liquid corresponding to the photoreaction fermentation broth. The photoreaction mechanism 52 is equipped with an auxiliary light source 521 for supplemental lighting (only activated at night), reducing light energy consumption by 70%.

[0116] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and photoreaction fermentation tail liquid corresponding to the photoreaction fermentation broth are filtered through the second filtration mechanism 6 to obtain filtered hydrogen, filtered carbon dioxide, and filtered photoreaction fermentation tail liquid. The filtered hydrogen and filtered carbon dioxide enter the mixed gas separation mechanism 7, and the filtered carbon dioxide enters the carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer preparation mechanism 72 to prepare carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer; the carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer is stored in the carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer storage tank 71. The filtered hydrogen is separated by the mixed gas separation mechanism 7, and the separated filtered hydrogen enters 9, and sequentially passes through the high-speed rotary cutting mechanism 91, the multi-stage depressurization and gas release mechanism 92, and the ultrasonic cavitation mechanism 93 set in the hydrogen-rich fertilizer preparation mechanism 9 to prepare hydrogen-rich fertilizer; the hydrogen-rich fertilizer is discharged through the hydrogen-rich fertilizer outlet pipeline 94.

[0117] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the filtered photoreactive fermentation tail liquid enters the fermentation tail liquid solidification mechanism 8. The electrodialysis concentration mechanism 81 set in the fermentation tail liquid solidification mechanism 8 is used to initially concentrate the filtered photoreactive fermentation tail liquid to obtain a preliminary concentrated fermentation tail liquid. The sodium alginate entering the sodium alginate injection pipeline 85 and the preliminary concentrated fermentation tail liquid are injected into the pulsating core reaction mechanism 83 to form an inorganic salt fertilizer gel. The inorganic salt fertilizer gel is dried using the microwave-assisted drying mechanism 84 to obtain inorganic salt fertilizer. The dried product is discharged through the inorganic salt fertilizer outlet pipeline 86.

[0118] The various embodiments of this disclosure have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or technical improvements to the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A dark-light coupling reaction mechanism, comprising: The dark reaction mechanism (51) and the light reaction mechanism (52) are characterized in that a heat exchanger is provided between the dark reaction mechanism (51) and the light reaction mechanism (52) for supplying heat to the light reaction mechanism (52) with the waste heat from the dark fermentation of the dark reaction mechanism (51). The dark reaction mechanism (51) includes a dark reaction container and a dark reaction stirring mechanism (515) disposed within the dark reaction container; the light reaction mechanism (52) includes a light reaction container and a light reaction stirring mechanism (516) disposed within the light reaction container.

2. The dark-light coupling reaction mechanism according to claim 1, wherein, The heat exchanger is configured as a plate heat exchanger (519); wherein, the dark reaction mechanism (51) is provided on one side of the plate heat exchanger (519), and the light reaction mechanism (52) is provided on one side of the plate heat exchanger (519).

3. The dark-light coupling reaction mechanism according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein, A connecting pipe (513) is also provided between the dark reaction mechanism (51) and the light reaction mechanism (52); a hollow fiber membrane (512) is provided at the connection between the dark reaction mechanism (51) and the connecting pipe (513); wherein, the hollow fiber membrane (512) is used to deacidify the medium discharged from the dark reaction container.

4. A fertilizer conversion system characterized by, include: The dark-light coupling reaction mechanism (5) and the hydrogen-rich water fertilizer preparation mechanism (9) as described in any one of claims 1-3; wherein the hydrogen-rich water fertilizer preparation mechanism (9) includes: a multi-stage decompression and gas release mechanism (92); the multi-stage decompression and gas release mechanism (92) includes: multiple cascaded decompression chambers; wherein, a partition is provided between adjacent decompression chambers in the multiple cascaded decompression chambers; The dark-light coupling reaction mechanism (5) is used to perform a photoreaction on the fermentation liquid after adjusting the solution corresponding to the biomass crushed waste and the fermentation liquid of biochar to a preset pH value, preset temperature value and preset dissolved oxygen value, so as to obtain hydrogen, carbon dioxide and photoreaction fermentation liquid corresponding to the photoreaction fermentation liquid; the multi-stage depressurization and gas release mechanism (92) is used to depressurize the hydrogen corresponding to the photoreaction fermentation liquid.

5. The fertilizer conversion system of claim 4, wherein, Also includes: The mixed gas separation mechanism (7) connected to the dark-light coupling reaction mechanism (5), the fermentation tail liquid solidification mechanism (8) connected to the mixed gas separation mechanism (7), and the hydrogen-rich water fertilizer preparation mechanism (9) connected to the fermentation tail liquid solidification mechanism (8). The mixed gas separation mechanism (7) is used to separate hydrogen from carbon dioxide and prepare carbon dioxide into carbon dioxide hydrate fertilizer; the fermentation tail liquid solidification mechanism (8) is used to prepare the photo-reaction fermentation tail liquid into inorganic salt fertilizer; the hydrogen-rich water fertilizer preparation mechanism (9) is used to prepare hydrogen-rich water fertilizer by depressurizing the hydrogen separated by the mixed gas separation mechanism (7) using the multi-stage depressurization and gas release mechanism (92).

6. The fertilizer conversion system of any one of claims 4 or 5, wherein, Also includes: A biochar preparation mechanism (4) is connected to the dark-light coupling reaction mechanism (5); wherein the biochar preparation mechanism (4) is used to prepare biochar from the residue corresponding to biomass crushing waste.

7. The fertilizer conversion system of claim 6, wherein, Also includes: The pretreatment mechanism (2) connected with the biochar preparation mechanism (4); wherein the pretreatment mechanism (2) is used for adding a biomass crushing waste with a set concentration of NaOH solution, heating and pressurizing and degrading.

8. The fertilizer conversion system of claim 7, wherein, Further comprising: The crushing mechanism (1) connected with the pretreatment mechanism (2); wherein the crushing mechanism (1) is used for crushing treatment of biomass waste.

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