A pretreatment device suitable for column extraction of nucleic acids from environmental samples

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of environmental monitoring technology and discloses a pretreatment device suitable for column extraction of nucleic acid from environmental samples. It includes a base and a driving assembly. The driving assembly is located on the outside of the base, with a crank shaft on one side and a guide assembly on the other. A connecting plate is located on the outside of the guide assembly. This utility model uses the driving assembly to rotate the crank shaft, which in turn rotates the guide assembly, causing the guide assembly to move the connecting plate. The connecting plate then moves a sliding assembly, which in turn moves a top plate back and forth. Simultaneously, the sliding assembly slides between the top plate and the base, thus achieving the effect of agitating the reagent tube. An adjusting assembly moves the connecting plate, which in turn moves the clamping plate, thus achieving the effect of clamping and fixing the reagent tube.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of environmental monitoring technology, specifically a pretreatment device suitable for extracting nucleic acids from environmental samples using column extraction. Background Technology

[0002] Environmental nucleic acids are genetic material extracted from non-clinical sources such as soil, water, air, sediment, or biofilms. They contain DNA / RNA fragments from microorganisms, plant and animal residues, or anthropogenic pollutants. Extraction requires overcoming interference from complex matrices and typically employs column extraction, magnetic bead extraction, or chemical precipitation methods. This involves lysing cells to release nucleic acids, purifying them by binding them to silica membranes or magnetic beads, washing to remove impurities, and eluting to recover high-purity nucleic acids. The extracted nucleic acids can be used for environmental microbial diversity analysis, pollutant source tracing, ecotoxicology studies, or environmental remediation monitoring, providing crucial data support for assessing ecosystem health, tracking pollution spread, and developing protection strategies.

[0003] Complex environmental sample matrices, such as those containing humic acid, heavy metals, or particulate matter, can inhibit nucleic acid extraction efficiency and interfere with subsequent detection. Pretreatment devices remove impurities, enrich microorganisms, and lyse cells to release nucleic acids through filtration, centrifugation, or chemical treatment, ensuring the purity and recovery rate of nucleic acids in column extraction, avoiding column membrane clogging or inhibitor residues, and guaranteeing experimental reliability. Existing pretreatment devices suitable for column extraction of nucleic acids from environmental samples lack a shaking function, resulting in insufficient mixing of samples and lysis buffer, low cell lysis efficiency, and incomplete nucleic acid release. This is particularly significant for environmental samples with high viscosity or high particulate matter content, such as soil and sediment. In addition, the lack of clamping and fixing functions during shaking makes it impossible to stably place reagent tubes or centrifuge tubes. During shaking, tubes are prone to tipping, liquid leakage, or loosening of caps, causing not only sample loss and cross-contamination but also damage to the equipment.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new pretreatment device suitable for column extraction of nucleic acids from environmental samples to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pretreatment device suitable for column extraction of nucleic acids from environmental samples, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a pretreatment device suitable for column extraction of nucleic acid from environmental samples, comprising a base and a drive assembly, wherein the drive assembly is disposed on the outside of the base, a crank shaft is disposed on one side of the drive assembly, a guide assembly is disposed on one side of the crank shaft, and a connecting plate is disposed on the outside of the guide assembly;

[0007] A sliding component is disposed on the top of the connecting plate, the top of the sliding component is provided with a top plate, and the bottom of the top plate is provided with a connecting component;

[0008] A fixing plate is fixed to the top of the top plate. An adjustment component is provided inside the fixing plate, and a connecting plate is provided on the outside of the adjustment component. A clamping plate for clamping the reagent tube is fixed on one side of the connecting plate.

[0009] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a motor fixed to the outside of the base, and the output end of the motor is fixed with a connecting rod for driving the crank shaft to rotate, and one end of the connecting rod is fixed to one side of the crank shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the guide assembly includes a guide rod fixed to one side of the crankshaft, a guide plate rotatably connected to the outer side of the guide rod, and the inner wall of the guide plate rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting plate.

[0011] Preferably, the sliding assembly includes a support column fixed to the top of the connecting plate, and a sliding sleeve for driving the top plate to move back and forth is slidably connected to the outside of the support column, and the top of the sliding sleeve is fixed to the bottom of the top plate.

[0012] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes a connecting column fixed to the top of the base, a sliding column slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting column, and the top of the sliding column being fixed to the bottom of the top plate.

[0013] Preferably, the adjusting assembly includes a bidirectional screw rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed plate, one end of the bidirectional screw being fixed to a turntable, and the outer side of the bidirectional screw being threadedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting plate.

[0014] Preferably, a spring and a damper are fixed to the top of the base, and the two ends of the spring are fixed to the top of the damper and the bottom of the top plate, respectively.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] This invention uses a drive assembly to rotate a crank shaft, which in turn rotates a guide assembly. This guide assembly moves a connecting plate, which in turn moves a sliding assembly. The sliding assembly then moves a top plate back and forth, while simultaneously sliding between the top plate and the base. This creates an agitation effect on the reagent tube. An adjustment assembly moves a connecting plate, which in turn moves a clamping plate, thus clamping and fixing the reagent tube. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the pretreatment device for extracting nucleic acids from environmental samples using column extraction provided by this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drive component in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding component in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment component in this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Drive assembly; 21. Motor; 22. Connecting rod; 3. Crankshaft; 4. Guide assembly; 41. Guide rod; 42. Guide plate; 5. Connecting plate; 6. Sliding assembly; 61. Support column; 62. Sliding sleeve; 7. Top plate; 8. Connecting assembly; 81. Connecting column; 82. Sliding column; 9. Fixing plate; 10. Adjusting assembly; 101. Bidirectional screw; 102. Turntable; 11. Connecting plate; 12. Clamping plate; 13. Spring; 14. Damper. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] Please see Figure 1-4 As shown, a pretreatment device suitable for extracting nucleic acids from environmental samples using column extraction includes a base 1 and a drive assembly 2. The drive assembly 2 is located on the outside of the base 1. A crank shaft 3 is located on one side of the drive assembly 2, and a guide assembly 4 is located on one side of the crank shaft 3. A connecting plate 5 is located on the outside of the guide assembly 4. The drive assembly 2 drives the crank shaft 3 to rotate, which in turn drives the guide assembly 4 to rotate, causing the guide assembly 4 to move the connecting plate 5. This facilitates driving the test tubes during subsequent shaking and avoids problems such as insufficient mixing of the sample and lysis buffer, low cell lysis efficiency, and incomplete nucleic acid release.

[0024] The sliding component 6 is located on the top of the connecting plate 5. The top of the sliding component 6 is provided with a top plate 7, and the bottom of the top plate 7 is provided with a connecting component 8. The top plate 7 has multiple grooves. The sliding component 6 is moved by the connecting plate 5, which causes the top plate 7 to move back and forth. At the same time, the connecting component 8 slides between the top plate 7 and the base 1, thereby achieving the effect of shaking the reagent tube and avoiding the problems of insufficient mixing of sample and lysis buffer, low cell lysis efficiency, and incomplete nucleic acid release.

[0025] The fixing plate 9 is fixed to the top of the top plate 7. An adjustment component 10 is provided inside the fixing plate 9. A connecting plate 11 is provided on the outside of the adjustment component 10. A clamping plate 12 for clamping the reagent tube is fixed on one side of the connecting plate 11. The connecting plate 11 is moved by the adjustment component 10, and the clamping plate 12 is moved by the connecting plate 11, thereby achieving the effect of clamping and fixing the reagent tube, avoiding the problem of tube tipping, liquid leakage or tube cap loosening during vibration.

[0026] The drive assembly 2 includes a motor 21 fixed to the outside of the base 1. The output end of the motor 21 is fixed with a connecting rod 22 for driving the crank shaft 3 to rotate. One end of the connecting rod 22 is fixed to one side of the crank shaft 3. When the motor 21 is turned on, the connecting rod 22 is driven to rotate, and the connecting rod 22 drives the crank shaft 3 to rotate. This facilitates driving the test tube during subsequent shaking to ensure that the sample and lysis buffer are thoroughly mixed.

[0027] The guide assembly 4 includes a guide rod 41 fixed to one side of the crank shaft 3. A guide plate 42 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the guide rod 41, and the inner wall of the guide plate 42 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting plate 5. The crank shaft 3 drives the guide rod 41 to rotate, and the guide rod 41 drives the guide plate 42 to rotate, so that the guide plate 42 drives the connecting plate 5 to move back and forth, which facilitates the subsequent back and forth movement of the reagent tube to achieve the effect of shaking the reagent tube.

[0028] The sliding assembly 6 includes a support column 61 fixed to the top of the connecting plate 5. A sliding sleeve 62 is slidably connected to the outside of the support column 61 to drive the top plate 7 to move back and forth. The top of the sliding sleeve 62 is fixed to the bottom of the top plate 7. The support column 61 is moved by the connecting plate 5, so that the support column 61 slides along the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 62, and the sliding sleeve 62 drives the top plate 7 to move back and forth, thereby achieving the effect of shaking the reagent tube and avoiding the problems of insufficient mixing of sample and lysis buffer, low cell lysis efficiency, and incomplete nucleic acid release.

[0029] The connecting component 8 includes a connecting column 81 fixed to the top of the base 1. A sliding column 82 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting column 81, and the top of the sliding column 82 is fixed to the bottom of the top plate 7. The top plate 7 drives the sliding column 82 to move, so that the sliding column 82 slides along the inner wall of the connecting column 81, which facilitates the subsequent movement of the top plate 7 with the sliding sleeve 62 to ensure stability during vibration.

[0030] The adjusting assembly 10 includes a bidirectional screw 101 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed plate 9. One end of the bidirectional screw 101 is fixed to a turntable 102, and the outer side of the bidirectional screw 101 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting plate 11. Rotating the turntable 102 drives the bidirectional screw 101 to rotate, which in turn moves the connecting plate 11, causing the connecting plate 11 to move the clamping plate 12. The clamping plate 12 then fits against the outer side of the reagent tube, facilitating clamping and fixing of the reagent tube during subsequent shaking, thus ensuring the stability of the reagent tube during shaking.

[0031] A spring 13 and a damper 14 are fixed to the top of the base 1, and the two ends of the spring 13 are fixed to the top of the damper 14 and the bottom of the top plate 7, respectively. The top plate 7 drives the spring 13 to contract, and the spring 13 contracts to form tension. At the same time, the damper 14 effectively dampens the top plate 7 when it moves back and forth, so as to ensure the stability of the reagent tube when it is shaken and avoid the shear force caused by excessive shaking, which may cause the nucleic acid to break.

[0032] Working principle: When using this device, the operator first places multiple reagent tubes into the groove of the top plate 7, then rotates the turntable 102. Rotating the turntable 102 drives the bidirectional screw 101 to rotate, which in turn moves the connecting plate 11, causing the clamping plate 12 to move and fit against the outside of the reagent tubes. This clamping and fixing of the reagent tubes prevents them from tipping over, leaking liquid, or the caps from loosening during vibration. When mixing the samples inside the reagent tubes is required, the motor 21 is turned on. The motor 21 drives the connecting rod 22 to rotate, which in turn drives the crank shaft 3 to rotate. The crank shaft 3 then drives the guide rod 41 to rotate, which in turn drives the guide plate 42 to rotate. This causes the guide plate 42 to move the connecting plate 5 back and forth, which in turn moves the support column 61. The support column 61 slides along the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 62, which in turn causes the top plate 7 to move back and forth. This achieves the effect of shaking the reagent tube, avoiding problems such as insufficient mixing of the sample and lysis buffer, low cell lysis efficiency, and incomplete nucleic acid release.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pretreatment device suitable for column extraction of nucleic acids from environmental samples, comprising a base (1), characterized in that, Also includes: A drive assembly (2) is disposed on the outside of the base (1). A crank shaft (3) is disposed on one side of the drive assembly (2). A guide assembly (4) is disposed on one side of the crank shaft (3). A connecting plate (5) is disposed on the outside of the guide assembly (4). A sliding component (6) is disposed on the top of the connecting plate (5), a top plate (7) is disposed on the top of the sliding component (6), and a connecting component (8) is disposed on the bottom of the top plate (7); A fixing plate (9) is fixed to the top of the top plate (7). An adjustment component (10) is provided inside the fixing plate (9). A connecting plate (11) is provided on the outside of the adjustment component (10). A clamping plate (12) for clamping the reagent tube is fixed on one side of the connecting plate (11).

2. The pretreatment device suitable for column extraction of environmental sample nucleic acids according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly (2) includes a motor (21) fixed to the outside of the base (1). The output end of the motor (21) is fixed with a connecting rod (22) for driving the crank shaft (3) to rotate, and one end of the connecting rod (22) is fixed to one side of the crank shaft (3).

3. The pretreatment device suitable for column extraction of environmental sample nucleic acids according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide assembly (4) includes a guide rod (41) fixed to one side of the crankshaft (3), and a guide plate (42) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the guide rod (41), and the inner wall of the guide plate (42) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting plate (5).

4. The pretreatment device suitable for column extraction of environmental sample nucleic acids according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding assembly (6) includes a support column (61) fixed to the top of the connecting plate (5). The outer side of the support column (61) is slidably connected to a sliding sleeve (62) for driving the top plate (7) to move back and forth. The top of the sliding sleeve (62) is fixed to the bottom of the top plate (7).

5. The pretreatment device for extracting nucleic acid from environmental samples by column extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting assembly (8) includes a connecting column (81) fixed to the top of the base (1), and a sliding column (82) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting column (81), and the top of the sliding column (82) is fixed to the bottom of the top plate (7).

6. The pretreatment device suitable for column extraction of environmental sample nucleic acids according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (10) includes a bidirectional screw (101) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed plate (9). One end of the bidirectional screw (101) is fixed with a turntable (102), and the outer side of the bidirectional screw (101) is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting plate (11).

7. The pretreatment device for extracting nucleic acids from environmental samples using column extraction as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the base (1) is fixed with a spring (13) and a damper (14), and the two ends of the spring (13) are fixed to the top of the damper (14) and the bottom of the top plate (7).

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