A drainage-resistant and scour-resistant anchored embankment protection structure

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of slope protection technology, and in particular to improving the stability of protective structures; a drainage and erosion-resistant anchored embankment protection structure includes an embankment slope, a concrete layer covering the surface of the embankment slope, and several trenches opened on the surface of the concrete layer; it also includes: multiple precast components embedded in the concrete layer; each precast component includes: a base embedded in the concrete layer; a component fixedly connected to the top surface of the base, the component being partially embedded in the concrete layer and partially protruding from the surface of the concrete layer; a protrusion located at the top of the component; and an anchor bar embedded in the component, its bottom end extending downward through the base and anchored in the embankment slope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of slope protection technology, and in particular to improving the stability of protection structures. Background Technology

[0002] Road embankment slopes along water or cliff sections are constantly exposed to harsh environments, directly facing multiple threats such as water erosion, rainwater erosion, wave impact, and slope seepage. The continuous action of these erosive forces can easily lead to slope instability, soil loss, cracking of protective structures, and even collapse, seriously threatening the safety of the roads above and passing vehicles and pedestrians.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN118241675A discloses an anti-erosion protection structure and construction method suitable for strongly disintegrating soft rock slopes. In this technical solution, L-shaped skeleton units are arranged in a Z-shaped interlocking pattern to form continuous and regular protective skeleton columns. Adjacent columns are symmetrical and completely separated, creating a clear drainage channel. The skeleton units are connected by mortise and tenon joints, restricting the movement of the skeleton along the water flow direction and enhancing the overall structural integrity. Simultaneously, expansive soil nails are used to anchor the skeleton ends and convex pressure plates into the slope soil, forming a composite fixing system of "skeleton-soil nail-soil," improving the pull-out resistance of the skeleton units and the shallow stability of the slope.

[0004] However, the aforementioned device has the following drawbacks. First, while the complete separation of adjacent protective frame columns to form drainage channels facilitates drainage, the completely open structure may cause erosion of the surrounding soil under strong water flow, especially on soft rock slopes with high disintegration potential, where localized collapse of the drainage channel edges can occur, affecting overall stability. Second, the frame units employ L-shaped interlocking and Z-shaped arrangements, with adjacent columns completely separated to form drainage channels, resulting in a complex structure that requires high construction precision. In particular, the mortise and tenon connections of the frame units, the anchoring of expansive soil nails, and the installation of transverse reinforcement plates and metal covers may increase on-site construction difficulty and extend the construction period. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, a drainage-resistant and scour-resistant anchored embankment protection structure is provided.

[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a drainage and erosion-resistant anchored embankment protection structure, comprising an embankment slope, a concrete layer covering the surface of the embankment slope, and several trenches opened on the surface of the concrete layer; further comprising: multiple precast components embedded in the concrete layer; the precast components comprising: a base embedded inside the concrete layer; a component fixedly connected to the top surface of the base, the component being partially embedded inside the concrete layer and partially protruding from the surface of the concrete layer; a protrusion located at the top of the component; and an anchor bar embedded inside the component, its bottom end extending downward through the base and anchored in the embankment slope.

[0007] A concrete layer covers the surface of the embankment slope, forming a protective layer that reduces the direct erosion of the soil by water flow. The precast components protrude from the surface of the concrete layer, and the protrusions at the top can form an orderly drainage channel, avoiding the risk of edge collapse caused by a completely open structure. At the same time, the anchor bars embedded in the precast components are anchored downwards into the embankment slope. Through the anchoring effect between the anchor bars and the embankment slope, the stability of the overall structure is significantly enhanced, effectively resisting the risk of soil displacement under the impact of water flow.

[0008] Precast components are manufactured in the factory and only need to be embedded in the concrete layer on site, avoiding the complex on-site splicing process such as L-shaped interlocking and Z-shaped arrangement in traditional technology; the anchoring method of anchor bars replaces the complex installation process of expansion soil nails and metal covers, which greatly simplifies the on-site construction process; the elimination of additional structures such as transverse reinforcement plates further reduces the construction accuracy requirements, thereby shortening the construction period and reducing the construction difficulty.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, several grooves are spaced apart on the surface of the concrete layer between adjacent precast components.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, multiple precast components are arranged in an array on the concrete layer.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the width of the base gradually tapers from bottom to top, and its cross-section is an inverted frustum shape.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the cross-sectional shape of the groove is trapezoidal.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the precast component, the base, the component, and the protrusion are integrally formed precast concrete components.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, multiple anchor bars are provided and fixed at the four corners of the component.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the anchor bar has a curved section, which is located inside the component.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the component is provided with a steel mesh.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a drainage system is connected to the bottom end of the trench.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] A drainage-resistant and scour-resistant anchored embankment protection structure significantly enhances the anchoring strength between the concrete layer and the embankment slope by pre-embedding precast components and setting anchor bars, effectively resisting structural stripping or slippage caused by water scouring. At the same time, the protruding parts of the precast components can disperse the impact force of the water flow and extend the service life of the embankment protection.

[0020] Furthermore, the spaced trenches can guide water flow to flow out in a directional manner, reducing the disorderly scouring of water on the concrete surface, while avoiding water accumulation between precast components and reducing the risk of damage to the structure from local water pressure.

[0021] Furthermore, the array-arranged prefabricated components can evenly distribute the load, avoid stress concentration, improve the overall stability of the protective structure, and facilitate standardized construction and quality control.

[0022] Furthermore, the inverted frustum-shaped base significantly improves the pull-out resistance of the precast component, preventing it from detaching from the concrete layer due to water erosion or temperature shrinkage.

[0023] Furthermore, the trapezoidal cross-section trench combines drainage efficiency with structural stability, reduces water erosion on the trench sidewalls, and lowers construction difficulty.

[0024] Furthermore, the one-piece prefabricated components eliminate connection gaps, avoid weak points caused by separate manufacturing, and simplify the production process and reduce costs.

[0025] Furthermore, the multiple anchor bars distributed at the four corners form a symmetrical anchoring system, which evenly transmits the tensile force and prevents the precast component from tilting or failing due to insufficient local anchoring.

[0026] Furthermore, the bent section of the anchor bar significantly improves anchorage reliability by increasing the contact length with the concrete and the bending resistance, thus preventing the anchor bar from being pulled out.

[0027] Furthermore, as a structural reinforcement layer, the steel mesh effectively resists the tensile stress generated by concrete shrinkage, temperature changes, or load, reduces the formation and expansion of micro-cracks on the surface of the component, and improves the overall integrity and durability of the structure.

[0028] Furthermore, the connection between the trench and the drainage system can quickly drain water accumulated inside the embankment, reducing the risk of water pressure seepage damage to the structure and avoiding damage from frost heave in winter.

[0029] Other features and advantages of this utility model will be disclosed in detail in the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage and scour-resistant anchored embankment protection structure of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage and scour-resistant anchored embankment protection structure of this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prefabricated component of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the prefabricated component of this utility model during installation.

[0035] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0036] 1. Embankment slope; 2. Concrete layer; 3. Trench; 4. Precast component; 5. Base; 6. Component; 7. Protrusion; 8. Anchor bar. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be explained and described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model and not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in the implementation methods without creative effort are all within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0038] In the following description, terms such as “inner,” “outer,” “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right” are used only to facilitate the description of the embodiments and simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a drainage and erosion-resistant anchored embankment protection structure, which includes an embankment slope 1, a concrete layer 2, a trench 3, and precast components 4. The embankment slope 1 is the foundation surface of the embankment slope after leveling and compaction, forming the slope surface and foundation protection layer of the entire structure; its surface is covered with a concrete layer 2, the thickness of which is preferably 20-30cm, serving as the main protection layer and providing the main structural strength and erosion resistance for the whole structure.

[0040] Multiple trapezoidal grooves 3 are spaced apart on the surface of the concrete layer 2 to form surface drainage channels. This effectively collects and quickly drains rainwater from the slope, reducing the infiltration pressure of water flow on the concrete layer 2 and the scouring of the slope toe, thus reducing water pressure damage to the structure.

[0041] Multiple precast components 4, arranged at equal intervals or in an array, are pre-embedded in the concrete layer 2 to evenly distribute the load and improve overall stability, forming erosion-resistant reinforced precast units. The precast components 4 are factory-prefabricated, integral reinforced concrete members, including a base 5, a component 6, and a protrusion 7. The base 5 is located at the bottom, its width gradually narrowing from bottom to top, with an inverted frustum-shaped cross-section, and is entirely embedded inside the concrete layer 2 to improve pull-out resistance. The component 6 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the base 5, its main body embedded inside the concrete layer 2, with its upper surface and the protrusion 7 exposed above the surface of the concrete layer 2, serving as the main support. The protrusion 7 is located on the top of the component 6, preferably 5-8 cm thick, exposed above the concrete layer 2, and is used to disperse the impact force of water flow, dissipate water flow energy, and enhance surface anti-slip ability.

[0042] Anchor bars 8 are pre-embedded inside component 6, forming a deep anchoring system. The anchor bars 8 are preferably made of ribbed threaded high-strength steel bars, and are preferably located at the four corners of component 6 to form a symmetrical anchoring system and achieve uniform pull-out resistance. The portion of the anchor bar 8 inside component 6 has a curved structure, such as an L-shaped or U-shaped hook, to significantly enhance the bond strength with concrete and the anchoring strength, preventing pull-out failure. The bottom end of the anchor bar 8 extends downwards through the base 5 and inserts into the soil layer inside the embankment slope 1, forming a deep anchorage that firmly connects the precast component 4, the concrete layer 2, and the soil of the embankment slope 1 into a unified whole.

[0043] The drainage and scour-resistant anchored embankment protection structure effectively drains water through the trench 3, and together with the synergistic effect of the concrete layer 2 and multiple precast components 4, it achieves scour resistance and protection functions.

[0044] Precast component 4 is manufactured according to the following process:

[0045] Mold preparation: According to the design requirements, the casting mold of the precast component 4 is made. The inner cavity shape of the mold includes the lower wide and upper narrow conical cavity corresponding to the base 5, the main connecting column or block cavity corresponding to the component 6, and the protrusion 7 cavity located on the top surface of the component 6.

[0046] Reinforcing bar pre-embedding: Multiple ribbed threaded anchor bars 8 are arranged in the mold according to the design position, with priority given to the four corners. The section of anchor bar 8 located in the cavity of component 6 is pre-bent into an L-shape or U-shape. At the same time, the lower end of anchor bar 8 extends out of the bottom surface of the mold by a set length, and the upper end is fixed.

[0047] The cavity of component 6 is reinforced with non-prestressed steel mesh.

[0048] Concrete pouring and curing: Pour high-strength concrete into the mold, vibrate to compact it, and then cure it according to regulations. Curing methods include steam curing or water spraying and covering curing until the design strength is reached.

[0049] Demolding and molding: After curing, the mold is removed to obtain the molded reinforced concrete precast component 4. The component has an integrated structure of base 5, component 6, and protrusion 7, as well as anchor bars 8 embedded in it, with the bottom exposed and the middle having a curved section.

[0050] During construction, the embankment slope 1 is first cleaned, leveled, and compacted. Then, a thin layer of concrete is sprayed or poured onto the slope surface as a bonding transition layer. Next, the main concrete layer 2 is poured, and simultaneously, trench formwork is installed on the surface of concrete layer 2 at the designed locations, forming a trapezoidal trench 3. Before the concrete layer 2 initially sets, precast components 4 are pressed into the concrete at designed intervals, ensuring that the base 5 is completely embedded in the concrete and most of the components 6, with the protrusions 7 exposed on the surface. Simultaneously, anchor bars 8 are pressed into the deep soil of the embankment slope 1 to achieve the designed anchoring depth. Finally, curing is carried out, and the trench 3 is connected to the slope toe drainage system to complete the construction.

[0051] The specific construction process includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 1, Slope Treatment: Clean and repair the embankment slope 1 to be protected, remove loose soil and unstable rocks, level and compact the slope to meet the design density requirements.

[0053] Step 2, Thin-layer bonding layer construction: A thin layer of concrete or high-strength cement mortar is sprayed or poured onto the compacted surface of the embankment slope 1. This layer is used to enhance the bonding performance between the subsequent concrete layer 2 and the embankment slope 1.

[0054] Step 3, Construction of the thick concrete layer: Before the thin layer has completely solidified, pour the main concrete layer 2 on the slope, controlling its thickness to be 20-30cm.

[0055] Step 4: Forming the drainage ditch: While pouring the concrete layer 2, set up the trapezoidal cross-section ditch templates at the designed intervals, and form the ditch 3 by pouring concrete. The longitudinal slope of the ditch 3 faces the drainage channel at the toe of the slope. The templates can be removed after the concrete has initially set or formed by grooving later.

[0056] Step 5, Precast component installation and anchoring: When the concrete layer 2 is in a plastic state and has not yet set, press the precast component 4 into the concrete layer 2 according to the design position and spacing, ensuring that the base 5 is completely and most of the component 6 is embedded in the concrete, and the protrusion 7 is exposed on the concrete surface; at the same time, press the anchor bar 8 vertically into the soil layer of the embankment slope 1 to the design depth to form deep anchoring.

[0057] Step Six: Concrete Curing and Finishing: After construction is completed, cover and moisturize the entire structure to ensure that the connection area between the concrete layer 2 and the precast component 4 meets the strength requirements. Connect the end of the trench 3 to the slope toe drainage system and check the firmness of the precast component 4 installation and the consistency of the exposed height of the protrusion 7.

[0058] This structure boasts exceptional erosion resistance: the robust concrete layer 2 provides fundamental protection, while surface protrusions 7 effectively disperse water flow impact, dissipate water energy, and reduce direct impact damage. The dense distribution of precast components 4 significantly enhances surface protection. Furthermore, it exhibits strong overall stability, with the conical base 5 deeply embedded in the concrete layer 2 providing excellent pull-out resistance. Pre-embedded anchor bars 8 (with curved sections) strongly connect the precast components 4 to the deep soil of the embankment slope 1. These three elements (embankment slope 1, concrete layer 2, and precast components 4) form a robust whole through deep anchoring with the anchor bars 8 (a four-in-one system of "soil-anchor bars-precast components-concrete surface layer"), effectively resisting slope slippage and soil erosion.

[0059] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model includes, but is not limited to, the content described in the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments above. Any modifications that do not depart from the functional and structural principles of this utility model will be included within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A scour-resistant anchoring embankment protection structure, comprising an embankment slope (1), a concrete layer (2) covering the surface of the embankment slope (1), and a plurality of grooves (3) opened on the surface of the concrete layer (2); characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple precast components (4) are embedded in the concrete layer (2); The precast component (4) includes: a base (5) embedded inside the concrete layer (2); Component (6) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the base (5). Part of the component (6) is embedded inside the concrete layer (2) and part of it protrudes from the surface of the concrete layer (2). Protrusion (7) is set on the top of the component (6). Anchor bar (8) is pre-embedded inside the component (6) and its bottom end extends downward through the base (5) and is anchored in the embankment (1).

2. A scour protection structure for a drainage embankment according to claim 1, wherein The grooves (3) are spaced apart on the surface of the concrete layer (2) between adjacent precast components (4).

3. The drainage-resistant and scour-resistant anchored embankment protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple precast components (4) are arranged in an array on the concrete layer (2).

4. A scour protection structure for a drainage embankment according to claim 1, wherein The width of the base (5) gradually tapers from bottom to top, and its cross-section is an inverted frustum shape.

5. A scour protection structure for a drainage embankment according to claim 1, wherein The cross-sectional shape of the groove (3) is trapezoidal.

6. A scour protection structure for a drainage embankment according to claim 1, wherein The precast component (4), the base (5), the component (6), and the protrusion (7) are integrally formed precast concrete components.

7. A scour protection structure for a drainage embankment according to claim 1, wherein The anchor bar (8) has multiple bars and is fixed at the four corners of the component (6).

8. A scour protection structure for a drainage embankment according to claim 1, wherein The anchor bar (8) has a curved section, which is located inside the component (6).

9. An erosion control revetment structure of the type defined in claim 8, characterised in that, The component (6) has a steel mesh inside.

10. A scour protection structure for a drainage embankment anchor according to claim 1, wherein The bottom end of the trench (3) is connected to a drainage system.

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