A modular cable-driven electrically controlled bridge plug

Abstract

This utility model discloses a modular cable-driven electrically controlled bridge plug, belonging to the field of oilfield development. It includes a power control module, a heavy-duty output module, and a bridge plug body connected sequentially. The bridge plug body includes a mandrel, a rubber sleeve liner, an upper guide ring, a rubber sleeve, a lower guide ring, a slip cone, slips, a slip seat, a bushing, and a guide shoe. The rubber sleeve liner is slidably mounted on the upper end of the mandrel. The right end of the upper guide ring is threadedly connected to the left end of the rubber sleeve liner. The lower guide ring is mounted on the rubber sleeve liner, with the rubber sleeve sleeved outside the liner, located between the upper and lower guide rings. The slip cone is slidably mounted on the mandrel and threadedly connected to the lower guide ring. A guide shoe is located at the lower end of the mandrel, and a bushing is located inside the guide shoe. The right end of the slip seat is threadedly connected to the bushing. The slips are located between the slip cone and the slip seat, and the slip seat and slips are slidably connected. This utility model's electrically controlled bridge plug can be repeatedly set and unset at different positions on the casing, enabling rapid identification of wellbore damage and leakage locations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of oilfield development, and more specifically to a modular cable-driven electrically controlled bridge plug. Background Technology

[0002] As oilfield development enters its mid-to-late stages, the rising water cut increases the risk of casing damage and even perforation / leakage in the wellbore. This is due to long-term extraction, limitations in casing steel grade, damage from running operations, and subsequent corrosion and downhole work. Currently, commonly used wellbore leakage detection methods include wellbore testing (such as well temperature methods, electromagnetic flaw detection, or multi-arm caliper measurement) and tubing-transfer packer leakage detection. However, these traditional technologies have significant drawbacks: high operating costs, long construction periods, low efficiency, and the inability to quickly and accurately locate leakage points.

[0003] In particular, the leak-finding process using packers in tubing requires frequent tripping of the workover rig to set and release the packer to seal the annulus through rotation or lifting and lowering operations. If the packer fails to seal during this process, the entire tubing string must be pulled out for replacement and then re-inserted, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but also significantly increases operating costs and economic burden. Furthermore, traditional methods often struggle to accurately locate leaks, generally only determining that the leak occurs over a relatively large well section, failing to meet the demands of modern oilfields for efficient wellbore integrity assessment and remediation.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a modular electronically controlled bridge plug that can achieve fast, accurate, repeatable, and low-cost operation to improve the efficiency and accuracy of wellbore inspection and provide a reliable basis for subsequent repair measures. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a modular cable-transmitted electrically controlled bridge plug. The present invention uses a cable to transmit an electrically controlled bridge plug that can be repeatedly set and unset, which is applied to different positions of the casing to quickly determine the location of wellbore damage and leakage. It has the characteristics of high precision, high efficiency and low cost.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A modular cable-driven electrically controlled bridge plug includes a power control module, a heavy-duty output module, and a bridge plug body connected in sequence. The power control module is electrically connected to an electrically controlled leak-finding device at the wellhead via a cable. The bridge plug body includes a mandrel, a rubber sleeve liner, an upper guide ring, a rubber sleeve, a lower guide ring, a slip cone, slips, a slip seat, a bushing, and a guide shoe. The rubber sleeve liner is slidably mounted on the upper end of the mandrel. The right end of the upper guide ring is threadedly connected to the left end of the rubber sleeve liner. The lower guide ring is mounted on the rubber sleeve liner, and the rubber sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the rubber sleeve liner, located between the upper and lower guide rings. The slip cone is slidably mounted on the mandrel and threadedly connected to the lower guide ring. A guide shoe is provided at the lower end of the mandrel, and a bushing is provided on the inner side of the guide shoe. The slip seat is sleeved on the mandrel, and the right end of the slip seat is threadedly connected to the bushing. The slips are located between the slip cone and the slip seat, and the slip seat is slidably connected to the slips.

[0008] Furthermore, the right end of the slip is provided with a first T-shaped groove, and the left end of the slip seat is provided with a second T-shaped groove. The first T-shaped groove on the right end of the slip and the second T-shaped groove on the left end of the slip seat cooperate and connect with each other, so that the slip can move up and down within the second T-shaped groove of the slip seat.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a positioning ring, which has a two-lobed structure and is locked in the corresponding groove of the mandrel to restrict the upward movement of the slip cone and to limit the axial movement of the slip.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a guide screw, one end of which is fixed to the right end face of the slip cone, and the other end of which is slidably limited in the slip seat. The guide screw is used to ensure that the slip always moves downward in a straight line during the opening process, preventing the slip cone and slip seat from twisting during the setting process.

[0011] Furthermore, the heavy-duty output module includes an adjusting short circuit, a releasing short circuit, a pull rod, a push cylinder, and a release sleeve. The adjusting short circuit, the releasing short circuit, and the push cylinder are sequentially threaded together. The end of the push cylinder is threaded to the upper guide ring. The pull rod is slidably disposed between the releasing short circuit and the push cylinder. The right end of the releasing short circuit is provided with an elastic claw, which is located between the pull rod and the push cylinder. One end of the pull rod is connected to the power control module, and the other end of the pull rod is connected to the spindle via a pin. The release sleeve is installed inside the connection between the pull rod and the spindle.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0013] 1. The modular cable-driven electrically controlled bridge plug provided by this utility model combines advanced electrical control technology with precise mechanical design, completely changing the traditional bridge plug and leak-finding operation mode. It not only achieves a qualitative leap in safety, reliability, accuracy, and efficiency, but its reusability and ease of retrieval also bring significant economic benefits, providing an efficient, precise, and safe modern technical means for wellbore integrity management in oilfields;

[0014] 2. The fit between the slip and the T-slot, the guide screw to prevent torsion, and the axial limiting of the positioning ring in this utility model ensure that the slip can smoothly and linearly open the anchoring sleeve during setting, with a large and stable anchoring force. The rubber sleeve is compressed and deformed under the precise thrust of the pusher, ensuring a reliable seal. During unsealing, taking advantage of the anchored slip, the pusher is moved upward by reversing the motor, directly driving the rubber sleeve to retract and the slip to return. The unsealing process is smooth, avoiding the risks of difficult unsealing or residue at the bottom of the well as with traditional bridge plugs.

[0015] 3. Traditional bridge plugs mostly rely on gunpowder detonation for setting, which poses safety risks in storage, transportation, and operation, and the instantaneous impact force may damage tools and casings. This utility model adopts a pure electromechanical control method with a high-torque stepper motor + planetary reducer + lead screw drive. The power is precisely controlled by ground equipment through cables, realizing the controllability, adjustability, and reversibility of the setting / unsetting process, greatly improving the safety and reliability of the operation;

[0016] 4. The design, which releases space by releasing the sleeve breakage and retracting the tie rod, achieves reliable release downhole. The power control module and heavy-duty output module can be retrieved by lifting the surface equipment, leaving only the bridge plug body downhole. This greatly facilitates the subsequent retrieval operation of the bridge plug body and reduces the complexity left in the wellbore. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the bridge plug body of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the bridge plug body and heavy-duty output module of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clamp structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a front view of the locking seat of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Sectional view along line AA;

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Sectional view along the BB direction;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the short-circuit connector of this utility model.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Mandrel; 2. Upper guide ring; 3. Rubber sleeve; 4. Lower guide ring; 5. Rubber sleeve liner; 6. Collet cone; 7. Positioning ring; 8. Collet; 9. Collet seat; 10. Guide screw; 11. Bushing; 12. Guide shoe; 13. Adjustment short circuit; 14. Release short circuit; 15. Pull rod; 16. Push cylinder; 17. Release sleeve; 18. Pin; 19. First O-ring; 20. Second O-ring; 21. Set screw. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and "one side," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] like Figure 1-7As shown, this utility model discloses a modular cable-driven electrically controlled bridge plug, including a power control module, a heavy-duty output module, and a bridge plug body connected in sequence. The power control module is electrically connected to the electrically controlled leak-finding equipment at the wellhead via a cable. The bridge plug body includes a mandrel 1, a rubber sleeve liner 5, an upper guide ring 2, a rubber sleeve 3, a lower guide ring 4, a slip cone 6, slips 8, a slip seat 9, a bushing 11, and a guide shoe 12. The rubber sleeve liner 5 is slidably disposed on the upper end of the mandrel 1, moving downwards during setting and upwards during unsetting. The right end of the upper guide ring 2 is screwed to the left end of the rubber sleeve liner 5. The upper guide ring 2 and the lower guide ring 4 are connected by a threaded connection and locked by a set screw 21. The lower guide ring 4 is installed on the rubber sleeve 5. The rubber sleeve 3 is sleeved on the outside of the rubber sleeve 5 and located between the upper guide ring 2 and the lower guide ring 4. The slip cone 6 is slidably set on the mandrel 1. The slip cone 6 is threadedly connected to the lower guide ring 4. The lower end of the mandrel 1 is provided with a guide shoe 12. The inner side of the guide shoe 12 is provided with a bushing 11. The slip seat 9 is sleeved on the mandrel 1 and the right end of the slip seat 9 is threadedly connected to the bushing 11. The slip 8 is located between the slip cone 6 and the slip seat 9. The slip seat 9 and the slip 8 are slidably connected.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a first O-ring 19 is installed between the inner left side of the upper guide ring 2 and the spindle 1, and a second O-ring 20 is installed between the inner right side of the upper guide ring 2 and the rubber sleeve liner 5, which effectively ensures the sealing of the connection of each component and prevents high-pressure fluid from entering the bridge plug and causing failure.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the right end of the slip 8 is provided with a first T-groove, and the left end of the slip seat 9 is provided with a second T-groove. The first T-groove on the right end of the slip 8 and the second T-groove on the left end of the slip seat 9 are connected to each other. The slip 8 can move up and down in the left T-groove, but cannot move left and right. The inner hole on the right end of the slip seat 9 is threadedly connected to the bushing 11. The step at the inner hole of the bushing 11 is limited by the step of the mandrel 1 to prevent the slip seat 9 from moving upward and to ensure that the slip seat 9 will not move upward and pry open the slip 8 during the well-diving process.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it also includes a positioning ring 7, which has a two-lobed structure and is locked in the corresponding groove of the mandrel 1, thereby restricting the upward movement of the slip cone 6 and simultaneously providing axial positioning for the slip 8.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a guide screw 10. One end of the guide screw 10 is fixed to the right end face of the slip cone 6, and the other end of the guide screw 10 is slidably limited in the slip seat 9. The guide screw 10 is to ensure that the slip 8 always moves downward in a straight line during the opening process, and to prevent the slip cone 6 and the slip seat 9 from twisting during the setting process.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the power control module includes a housing, a high-torque stepper motor, a planetary reduction gear mechanism, and a lead screw transmission mechanism. The high-torque stepper motor, the planetary reduction gear mechanism, and the lead screw transmission mechanism are all housed in the housing, and the lead screw transmission mechanism is driven and connected to the heavy-duty output module.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the heavy-duty output module includes an adjusting short circuit 13, a release short circuit 14, a pull rod 15, a push cylinder 16, and a release sleeve 17. The adjusting short circuit 13, the release short circuit 14, and the push cylinder 16 are sequentially threaded together. The end of the push cylinder 16 is threadedly connected to the upper guide ring 2. The pull rod 15 is slidably disposed between the release short circuit 14 and the push cylinder 16. The right end of the release short circuit 14 is provided with an elastic claw, which is located between the pull rod 15 and the push cylinder 16. One end of the pull rod 15 is connected to the power control module, and the other end of the pull rod 15 is connected to the spindle 1 via a pin 18. The release sleeve 17 is installed inside the connection between the pull rod 15 and the spindle 1.

[0035] The release function of this utility model is achieved by the breakage of the release sleeve 17, followed by the upward movement of the pull rod 15, which allows the right end elastic claw of the release short circuit 14 to have space for radial contraction, and then the heavy-duty output module is lifted to complete the release; this facilitates the subsequent retrieval of the bridge plug body.

[0036] The setting process in this invention is a relative motion state, which mainly relies on the ground-based electrical leak-finding equipment to control the forward and reverse rotation of a high-torque stepper motor to achieve the setting and unsetting functions of the bridge plug. It can also be understood as the pusher 16 in the heavy-duty output module pushing the rubber cylinder 3 and the slip 8 to set. During the setting process, assuming that the pusher 16 of the heavy-duty output module is stationary, the pull rod 15 moves upward, the slip 8 opens the anchor sleeve, and the thrust continues to be applied, causing the rubber cylinder 3 to move downward and set. During unsetting, because the slip 8 has been anchored, the push-pull rod 15 in the heavy-duty output module does not move relative to each other, the outer pusher 16 in the heavy-duty module moves upward, causing the rubber cylinder 3 to retract, and the slip 8 to retract, completing the unsetting.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] This embodiment discloses a rapid wellbore leak detection process based on the electronically controlled bridge plug in Embodiment 1, including the following steps:

[0039] S01. Retrieve the production tubing from the well, clean it, and arrange it neatly;

[0040] S02. Lower the well gauge to the bottom of the artificial well, flush the well with oil, and then pull it out;

[0041] S03. The scraper scrapes down to the bottom of the manhole, and after scraping it clean, it is pulled out.

[0042] S04. Electrically controlled leak detection equipment is installed at the wellhead. The electrically controlled leak detection equipment mainly includes logging cable car, pump car, electrical control system and pressure monitoring system, etc. Electrically controlled bridge plug is inserted into the well. A wellhead cable sealing device is also installed at the wellhead. The wellhead cable sealing device is equipped with a grease sealing cylinder inside to ensure the sliding seal of the wellhead cable.

[0043] S05. Repeatedly set and unseal at different locations, lifting and lowering the plug. After the bridge plug is set and before pressurization, lower the logging cable 20 meters to keep it loose to prevent the bridge plug body from slipping, breaking, and falling into the well. The pump truck pressurizes multiple times to determine the location of the leak.

[0044] S06. Based on the pressure drop relationship of the injection displacement, establish a method for analyzing the number of leaks and assessing the leakage morphology, and provide a report on the location of leaks and recommendations for remediation, providing a strong basis for subsequent remediation measures.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, in step S03, blades are provided on both the front and back sides of the scraper. When the scraper moves up and down, the two sets of front and back blades can solve the problem of the connecting threads being disengaged due to the rotation caused by the friction between the scraper and the casing. In order to prevent the drill string from getting stuck due to the deformation of the inner wall of the casing, the bottom end of the scraper is processed into a progressive thin-walled tube. Once a well with severe casing deformation is encountered, the progressive thin-walled tube can play a buffering role and the tubing string will not be stuck, reducing the occurrence of drill string getting stuck accidents.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, when the leakage is particularly large, pump 1.5 times the normal temperature kill fluid into the wellbore, then unseal and pull up to measure the well temperature. The inflection point of the well temperature is the leakage point.

[0047] Traditional leak detection methods (such as packer-based segmented pressure testing) often only pinpoint leaks within a relatively long well section (tens or even hundreds of meters). This new invention, using a cable, can precisely locate the bridge plug at any depth and repeatedly set, unset, and pressure test it. Combined with pump truck pressurization and pressure monitoring, it can pinpoint leak locations within a 1-meter range. Furthermore, it can analyze the leakage morphology (e.g., fracture leakage, porosity leakage) and severity based on the pressure rise and fall curves during the pressure test, thus providing more targeted recommendations for subsequent plugging and remediation. This represents an upgrade from "finding the leak" to "diagnosing the leak," providing recommendations for the next steps in plugging and remediation. Moreover, because the electrically controlled bridge plug can be repeatedly set and unset, multiple setting and pressure tests can be performed on multiple suspected well sections in a single run-in, eliminating the need for multiple trips of the tubing string as with traditional methods. This significantly reduces operation time, labor intensity, and operating costs.

[0048] Although the specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solution of the present utility model are still within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A modular wireline-controlled bridge plug, characterized in that, The system includes a power control module, a heavy-duty output module, and a bridge plug body connected in sequence. The power control module is electrically connected to the wellhead's electrical leak detection equipment via a cable. The bridge plug body includes a mandrel (1), a rubber sleeve liner (5), an upper guide ring (2), a rubber sleeve (3), a lower guide ring (4), a slip cone (6), slips (8), a slip seat (9), a bushing (11), and a guide shoe (12). The rubber sleeve liner (5) is slidably mounted on the upper end of the mandrel (1). The right end of the upper guide ring (2) is threadedly connected to the left end of the rubber sleeve liner (5). The lower guide ring (4) is mounted on the rubber sleeve liner (5). The cylinder (3) is sleeved on the outside of the rubber sleeve liner (5) and located between the upper guide ring (2) and the lower guide ring (4). The slip cone (6) is slidably set on the mandrel (1). The slip cone (6) is threadedly connected to the lower guide ring (4). The lower end of the mandrel (1) is provided with a guide shoe (12). The inner side of the guide shoe (12) is provided with a bushing (11). The slip seat (9) is sleeved on the mandrel (1) and the right end of the slip seat (9) is threadedly connected to the bushing (11). The slip (8) is located between the slip cone (6) and the slip seat (9). The slip seat (9) and the slip (8) are slidably connected.

2. The modular wireline-controlled bridge plug of claim 1, wherein, The right end of the slip (8) is provided with a first T-shaped groove, and the left end of the slip seat (9) is provided with a second T-shaped groove. The first T-shaped groove on the right end of the slip (8) and the second T-shaped groove on the left end of the slip seat (9) are connected to each other, so that the slip (8) can move up and down in the second T-shaped groove of the slip seat (9).

3. The modular wireline-controlled bridge plug of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a positioning ring (7), which is a two-lobed structure that is locked in the corresponding groove of the mandrel (1) to restrict the upward movement of the slip cone (6) and to limit the axial movement of the slip (8).

4. The modular wireline-controlled bridge plug of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a guide screw (10), one end of which is fixed to the right end face of the slip cone (6), and the other end of which is slidably limited in the slip seat (9). The guide screw (10) is used to ensure that the slip (8) always moves downward in a straight line during the opening process, so as to prevent the slip cone (6) and the slip seat (9) from twisting during the setting process.

5. The modular wireline-controlled bridge plug of claim 1, wherein, The heavy-duty output module includes an adjustment short circuit (13), a release short circuit (14), a pull rod (15), a push cylinder (16), and a release sleeve (17). The adjustment short circuit (13), the release short circuit (14), and the push cylinder (16) are connected by threads in sequence. The end of the push cylinder (16) is threaded to the upper guide ring (2). The pull rod (15) is slidably disposed between the release short circuit (14) and the push cylinder (16). The right end of the release short circuit (14) is provided with an elastic claw, which is located between the pull rod (15) and the push cylinder (16). One end of the pull rod (15) is connected to the power control module, and the other end of the pull rod (15) is connected to the spindle (1) through a pin (18). The release sleeve (17) is installed inside the connection between the pull rod (15) and the spindle (1).

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