A rock support device

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of tunnel and underground engineering support technology, and in particular to a rock support device, including an arched frame and a top support assembly. The surrounding rock has a recessed portion, and there is a gap between the outer side of the arched frame and the recessed portion. The top support assembly includes a threaded tie rod and four support rods, which are sequentially hinged to form a rhombus frame. At least a portion of the rhombus frame is located in the gap. The rhombus frame has a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other along a first direction. The first end is connected to the arched frame. The rhombus frame also has a third end and a fourth end arranged opposite to each other along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction. The threaded tie rod connects the third end and the fourth end. The threaded tie rod is configured to drive the third end and the fourth end closer to each other, so that the second end moves away from the first end and presses against the recessed portion. The top support height of the top support assembly can be adjusted by the threaded tie rod. The threaded tie rod has high adjustment accuracy, and the top support force of the rhombus frame on the surrounding rock is easy to control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel and underground engineering support technology, and in particular to a surrounding rock support device. Background Technology

[0002] Steel arch support structures are widely used in underground space construction such as tunnels and mine roadways, serving as a core support method for controlling surrounding rock deformation and ensuring construction safety. Underground caverns are often constructed using blasting methods. Due to varying surrounding rock conditions such as faults, joints, and fissures, the surface of the surrounding rock after blasting is uneven, typically ranging from 10cm to 20cm in height. Gaps are formed between the surrounding rock in these depressions and the steel arch. If these gaps are not tightly filled, the steel arch can become suspended, leading to uneven local stress, which in turn can cause deformation of the support structure, loosening of joints, and even overall instability.

[0003] Hard wooden wedges or specially made steel wedges are usually inserted into the gaps and gradually tightened by manually tapping the wedges to support the surrounding rock where there are gaps. The degree of tapping depends on the worker's experience and is prone to under- or over-support. Under-support will result in insufficient support force, while over-support will result in local stress concentration in the steel arch. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is that currently, it is necessary to fill the gap between the steel arch frame and the surrounding rock at the depression with wedges to achieve the support of the steel arch frame for the surrounding rock at the depression. However, the supporting force of the wedges on the surrounding rock is difficult to control, and it is easy to under-support or over-support the surrounding rock.

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a rock support device for supporting surrounding rock, wherein the surrounding rock has a recessed portion, the rock support device includes an arched frame and a top support assembly, and there is a gap between the outer side of the arched frame and the recessed portion;

[0006] The top support assembly includes a threaded tie rod and four support rods, the four support rods being sequentially hinged to form a rhomboid frame, at least a portion of which is located in the gap. The rhomboid frame has a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other along a first direction, the first end being connected to the arched frame. The rhomboid frame also has a third end and a fourth end arranged opposite to each other along a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction. The threaded tie rod connects the third end and the fourth end, and is configured to drive the third end and the fourth end closer together, so that the second end moves away from the first end and presses against the recess.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the top support assembly further includes a first connector and a second connector, the first connector and the second connector being arranged at a relative interval in the first direction, the two support rods located at the first end being respectively hinged to the two sides of the first connector in the second direction, and the two support rods located at the second end being respectively hinged to the two sides of the second connector in the second direction.

[0008] The first connector has a limiting hole, and the outer side of the arched frame has a protrusion that is inserted into the limiting hole. The threaded rod drives the third end and the fourth end to move closer to each other, so that the second connector moves away from the first connector and presses against the recessed part.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the arched frame has a mounting groove in which a column is inserted, and the portion of the column protruding outside the mounting groove forms the protrusion.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the outer side of the arched frame has a plurality of mounting slots, and each mounting slot is arranged at intervals along the circumference of the arched frame.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the protrusion is cylindrical and the limiting hole is a circular hole.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the top support assembly further includes a third connector and a fourth connector, the third connector and the fourth connector being arranged at a distance from each other in the second direction, the two support rods located at the third end being respectively hinged to the two sides of the third connector in the first direction, and the two support rods located at the fourth end being respectively hinged to the two sides of the fourth connector in the first direction.

[0013] One end of the threaded tie rod is connected to the third connector, and the other end is connected to the fourth connector.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, one end of the threaded tie rod is fixedly connected to the third connecting member, and the other end of the threaded tie rod is slidably inserted into the fourth connecting member. The surrounding rock support device also includes an adjusting nut, which is screwed onto the threaded tie rod. In the second direction, the fourth connecting member is located between the third connecting member and the adjusting nut.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the threaded tie rod has a first threaded section and a second threaded section, the first threaded section and the second threaded section having opposite thread directions, the first threaded section being screwed to the third connector, and the second threaded section being screwed to the fourth connector.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the threaded rod further includes a wrench portion disposed at the end of the threaded rod.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0018] The present invention discloses a rock support device comprising an arched frame and a top support assembly. The surrounding rock has a recessed portion, and there is a gap between the outer side of the arched frame and the recessed portion. The top support assembly includes a threaded tie rod and four support rods, which are sequentially hinged to form a rhombus frame. At least a portion of the rhombus frame is located in the gap. The rhombus frame has a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other along a first direction. The first end is connected to the arched frame. The rhombus frame also has a third end and a fourth end arranged opposite to each other along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction. The threaded tie rod connects the third end and the fourth end and is configured to drive the third end and the fourth end closer to each other, so that the second end moves away from the first end and presses against the recessed portion. In this embodiment, the top support height of the top support assembly is adjusted by the threaded tie rod, which has high adjustment accuracy, and the top support force of the rhombus frame on the surrounding rock is easy to control. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the surrounding rock support device of this utility model during use;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the column on the arch frame;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the support component;

[0022] In the diagram, 100 is the surrounding rock, 101 is the recessed part, 102 is the gap, 1 is the arched frame, 11 is the mounting groove, 12 is the protrusion, 2 is the top support assembly, 21 is the threaded tie rod, 22 is the diamond frame, 221 is the support rod, 222 is the first end, 223 is the second end, 224 is the third end, 225 is the fourth end, 226 is the first connector, 2261 is the limiting hole, 227 is the second connector, 228 is the third connector, 229 is the fourth connector, and 23 is the adjusting nut. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit its scope.

[0024] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used in this utility model to describe various information, but this information should not be limited to these terms; these terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this utility model, "first" information can also be called "second" information, and similarly, "second" information can also be called "first" information.

[0025] The rock support device of this utility model is used to support the surrounding rock 100, which has a recessed portion 101, such as... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the rock support device of this utility model includes an arched frame 1 and a top support assembly 2. A gap 102 exists between the outer side of the arched frame 1 and the recessed portion 101. The top support assembly 2 includes a threaded tie rod 21 and four support rods 221, which are sequentially hinged to form a rhombus frame 22. At least a portion of the rhombus frame 22 is located within the gap 102. The rhombus frame 22 has a first end 222 and a second end 223 arranged opposite to each other along a first direction. The first end 222 is connected to the arched frame 1. The rhombus frame 22 also has a third end 224 and a fourth end 225 arranged opposite to each other along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction. A threaded tie rod 21 connects the third end 224 and the fourth end 225. The threaded tie rod 21 is configured to drive the third end 224 and the fourth end 225 closer to each other, so that the second end 223 moves away from the first end 222 and presses against the recess 101. The threaded tie rod 21 has high adjustment accuracy, and the supporting force of the rhombus frame 22 on the surrounding rock 100 is easy to control.

[0026] Specifically, the first direction and the second direction are the two diagonal directions of the rhombus frame 22, respectively. The top support assembly 2 also includes a first connector 226 and a second connector 227. The first connector 226 and the second connector 227 are arranged at a relative interval in the first direction. The two support rods 221 located at the first end 222 are respectively hinged to both sides of the first connector 226 in the second direction, and the two support rods 221 located at the second end 223 are respectively hinged to both sides of the second connector 227 in the second direction. The first connector 226 is located at the first end 222. 22. The second connector 227 is located at the second end 223. The first connector 226 has a limiting hole 2261. The outer side of the arched frame 1 has a protrusion 12, which is inserted into the limiting hole 2261. The threaded pull rod 21 drives the third end 224 and the fourth end 225 to move closer to each other, which can reduce the width of the rhombus frame 22 in the second direction and increase the width of the rhombus frame 22 in the first direction, thereby moving the second connector 227 away from the first connector 226, and then pressing the second connector 227 against the recess 101.

[0027] Specifically, before installing the arched frame 1, the width of the rhomboid frame 22 in the first direction is shortened using the threaded tie rod 21, making it easier for the operator to place the rhomboid frame 22 into the gap 102. After the rhomboid frame 22 is placed into the gap 102, it is moved along the first direction so that the protrusion 12 is inserted into the limiting hole 2261. After the protrusion 12 is inserted into the limiting hole 2261, the first connecting piece 226 is sleeved on the outside of the protrusion 12. Then, the threaded tie rod 21 is used to deform the rhomboid frame 22, so that the third... As end 224 and fourth end 225 approach each other, the width of the rhombus frame 22 in the second direction decreases, while the width of the rhombus frame 22 in the first direction increases. The increase in the width of the rhombus frame 22 in the first direction will cause the second connector 227 to move closer to the surrounding rock 100. After the second connector 227 presses against the surrounding rock 100, the protrusion 12 and the limiting hole 2261 can restrict the movement of the first connector 226 on the arch frame 1, thereby ensuring the stability of the rhombus frame 22 when supporting the surrounding rock 100.

[0028] In this embodiment, the arch frame 1 has a mounting groove 11, in which a column is inserted. The portion of the column protruding beyond the mounting groove 11 forms a protrusion 12. Specifically, the rock support device in this embodiment is reusable and can be repeatedly installed at different rock masses 100. The recesses 101 of different rock masses 100 are located at different positions. The column can be pulled out of the mounting groove 11. When the arch frame 1 is reused, if there is no recess 101 at the location of the rock mass 100 corresponding to the mounting groove 11, the column can be pulled out of the mounting groove 11 to avoid interference between the column and the rock mass 100 during the installation of the arch frame 1. In other embodiments of this utility model, the mounting groove 11 may not be provided on the arch frame 1. The column can be welded to the arch frame 1. If there is no recess 101 at the location of the column, the column can be cut off from the arch frame 1.

[0029] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the outer side of the arched frame 1 has multiple mounting slots 11, and each mounting slot 11 is arranged at intervals along the circumference of the arched frame 1. In use, a column can be inserted into a suitable mounting slot 11 according to the position of the recess 101.

[0030] In this embodiment, the protrusion 12 is cylindrical, and the limiting hole 2261 is a circular hole. With this configuration, the first connector 226 can rotate around the protrusion 12. After the arched frame 1 is inserted into the gap 102, rotating the rhomboid frame 22 around the axis of the protrusion 12 can adjust the orientation of the threaded tie rod 21 and the rhomboid frame 22, so that the setting position of the rhomboid frame 22 is adapted to the shape of the recess 101, which facilitates tightening the threaded tie rod 21 or the adjusting nut 23 on the threaded tie rod 21.

[0031] In this embodiment, the top support assembly 2 further includes a third connector 228 and a fourth connector 229. The third connector 228 and the fourth connector 229 are arranged at intervals relative to each other in the second direction. Two support rods 221 located at the third end 224 are respectively hinged to both sides of the third connector 228 in the first direction, and two support rods 221 located at the fourth end 225 are respectively hinged to both sides of the fourth connector 229 in the first direction. One end of the threaded tie rod 21 is connected to the third connector 228, and the other end is connected to the fourth connector 229. The arrangement of the third connector 228 and the fourth connector 229 facilitates the installation of the threaded tie rod 21 and makes it easy to arrange the threaded tie rod 21 in the diagonal direction of the rhomboid frame 22.

[0032] One end of the threaded tie rod 21 is fixedly connected to the third connecting member 228, and the other end of the threaded tie rod 21 is slidably inserted into the fourth connecting member 229. The surrounding rock support device also includes an adjusting nut 23, which is screwed onto the threaded tie rod 21. In the second direction, the fourth connecting member 229 is located between the third connecting member 228 and the adjusting nut 23. By rotating the adjusting nut 23, the width of the rhombus frame 22 in the second direction can be adjusted.

[0033] In other embodiments of this utility model, the threaded tie rod 21 has a first threaded section and a second threaded section, the threads of the first threaded section and the second threaded section having opposite directions. The first threaded section is screwed to the third connector 228, and the second threaded section is screwed to the fourth connector 229. The width of the rhombus frame 22 in the second direction can be adjusted by rotating the threaded tie rod 21.

[0034] When the threaded tie rod 21 is configured as a double-threaded structure, in order to facilitate the rotation of the threaded tie rod 21, the threaded tie rod 21 also has a wrench part, which is located at the end of the threaded tie rod 21.

[0035] In actual operation, in order to accurately control the pressure of the diamond frame 22 on the surrounding rock 100, a torque wrench can be used to tighten the adjusting nut 23 or the threaded rod 21. Alternatively, without using a torque wrench, the pressure of the diamond frame 22 on the surrounding rock 100 can be controlled by controlling the turning of the adjusting nut 23 or the threaded rod 21 after the second end 223 contacts the surrounding rock 100, thus avoiding under-support or over-support.

[0036] In summary, the rock support device of this utility model includes an arched frame 1 and a top support assembly 2. The surrounding rock 100 has a recessed portion 101. A gap 102 exists between the outer side of the arched frame 1 and the recessed portion 101. The top support assembly 2 includes a threaded tie rod 21 and four support rods 221. The four support rods 221 are sequentially hinged to form a rhombus frame 22. At least a portion of the rhombus frame 22 is located in the gap 102. The rhombus frame 22 has a first end 222 and a second end 223 arranged opposite to each other along a first direction. The first end 222 is connected to the arched frame 1. The rhombus frame 22 also has a... The third end 224 and the fourth end 225 are arranged opposite each other in the second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction. The threaded tie rod 21 connects the third end 224 and the fourth end 225. The threaded tie rod 21 is configured to drive the third end 224 and the fourth end 225 to move closer to each other, so that the second end 223 moves away from the first end 222 and presses against the recess 101. In this embodiment, the support height of the support assembly 2 is adjusted by the threaded tie rod 21. The threaded tie rod 21 has high adjustment accuracy, and the support force of the rhomboid frame 22 on the surrounding rock 100 is easy to control. Moreover, the surrounding rock support device of this utility model, through the synergistic action of the rhomboid frame 22 and the threaded tie rod 21, achieves precise control of the support height, significantly improving the adaptability and construction convenience of the support system. By setting different specifications of rhomboid frames 22, it can be adapted to gaps 102 of different sizes. Both the rhomboid frame 22 and the threaded tie rod 21 are made of metal materials, avoiding the problem of wooden wedges being easily deformed by moisture or broken under pressure, which would lead to a decrease in support force or even failure. The adjustment precision of the threaded tie rod 21 is high, overcoming the defect of low adjustment precision of wedges by hammering, which makes it easy to adjust the top support force of the top support component 2 at regular intervals during the support process, and can realize real-time height compensation after the surrounding rock deformation. By setting the installation groove 11 on the arch frame 1, and inserting a column in the installation groove 11, the top support component 2 can be connected to the arch frame 1 by fitting the connecting piece 226 onto the column, which facilitates the disassembly of the top support component 2 and significantly improves the adaptability and construction convenience of the support system.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A surrounding rock support device for supporting surrounding rock (100), the surrounding rock (100) having a recess (101), characterized in that, It includes an arched frame (1) and a top support assembly (2), wherein there is a gap (102) between the outer side of the arched frame (1) and the recess (101); The top support assembly (2) includes a threaded tie rod (21) and four support rods (221), the four support rods (221) being sequentially hinged to form a rhombus frame (22), at least a portion of the rhombus frame (22) being located in the gap (102), the rhombus frame (22) having a first end (222) and a second end (223) arranged opposite to each other along a first direction, the first end (222) being connected to the arch frame (1); the rhombus frame (22) also has a third end (224) and a fourth end (225) arranged opposite to each other along a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction, the threaded tie rod (21) connecting the third end (224) and the fourth end (225); the threaded tie rod (21) is configured to drive the third end (224) and the fourth end (225) closer to each other, so that the second end (223) moves away from the first end (222) and presses against the recess (101).

2. A surrounding rock support apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that The top support assembly (2) further includes a first connector (226) and a second connector (227), the first connector (226) and the second connector (227) being arranged at a distance from each other in the first direction, the two support rods (221) located at the first end (222) being respectively hinged to the two sides of the first connector (226) in the second direction, and the two support rods (221) located at the second end (223) being respectively hinged to the two sides of the second connector (227) in the second direction; The first connector (226) has a limiting hole (2261), and the outer side of the arched frame (1) has a protrusion (12), which is inserted into the limiting hole (2261); the threaded rod (21) drives the third end (224) and the fourth end (225) to move closer to each other, so that the second connector (227) moves away from the first connector (226) and presses against the recess (101).

3. A surrounding rock support apparatus according to claim 2, characterised in that, The arched frame (1) has a mounting groove (11) in which a column is inserted, and the portion of the column protruding outside the mounting groove (11) forms the protrusion (12).

4. A surrounding rock support apparatus according to claim 3, characterised in that The outer side of the arched frame (1) has a plurality of mounting slots (11), and each mounting slot (11) is arranged at intervals along the circumference of the arched frame (1).

5. A surrounding rock support apparatus according to claim 2, characterised in that, The protrusion (12) is cylindrical, and the limiting hole (2261) is a circular hole.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The top support assembly (2) further includes a third connector (228) and a fourth connector (229), the third connector (228) and the fourth connector (229) being arranged at a distance from each other in the second direction, the two support rods (221) located at the third end (224) being respectively hinged to the third connector (228) on both sides in the first direction, and the two support rods (221) located at the fourth end (225) being respectively hinged to the fourth connector (229) on both sides in the first direction; One end of the threaded tie rod (21) is connected to the third connector (228), and the other end is connected to the fourth connector (229).

7. A surrounding rock support apparatus according to claim 6, characterised in that, One end of the threaded tie rod (21) is fixedly connected to the third connector (228), and the other end of the threaded tie rod (21) is slidably inserted into the fourth connector (229). The surrounding rock support device also includes an adjusting nut (23), which is screwed onto the threaded tie rod (21). In the second direction, the fourth connector (229) is located between the third connector (228) and the adjusting nut (23).

8. A surrounding rock support apparatus according to claim 6, characterised in that The threaded tie rod (21) has a first threaded section and a second threaded section, the first threaded section and the second threaded section have opposite thread directions, the first threaded section is screwed to the third connector (228), and the second threaded section is screwed to the fourth connector (229).

9. A surrounding rock support apparatus according to claim 8, characterised in that, The threaded rod (21) also has a wrench part, which is disposed at the end of the threaded rod (21).

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