An electromagnetically damped track-type nonlinear energy trap vibration reduction device
By using an electromagnetically damped track-type nonlinear energy trap vibration reduction device, a controllable damping force is provided by an electromagnetic motor, which solves the problem of uncontrollable frictional damping and achieves efficient vibration reduction in complex environments.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SICHUAN UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-17
AI Technical Summary
The frictional damping of existing track-type nonlinear energy trap devices is uncontrollable, resulting in poor vibration reduction performance and poor adaptability in complex environments.
An electromagnetic damping track-type nonlinear energy trap vibration reduction device is adopted, which provides controllable damping force through an electromagnetic motor and, combined with a nonlinear guide rail design, achieves flexible adjustment of damping.
It improves the adaptability and application effect of vibration reduction devices in complex environments, and significantly enhances vibration reduction performance and structural stability.
Smart Images
Figure CN224515791U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of structural vibration reduction technology, and relates to an electromagnetic damping track-type nonlinear energy trap vibration reduction device. Background Technology
[0002] Vibration is a prevalent problem in various engineering structures, severely impacting their safety, stability, and service life. Whether in high-rise buildings, bridges, aerospace vehicles, or machinery, vibration can lead to structural fatigue damage, functional failure, and even catastrophic accidents. For example, in civil engineering, under dynamic loads such as earthquakes and strong winds, building structures can exhibit excessive vibration responses, threatening lives and property. In the aerospace field, flutter in aircraft wings and engine vibration directly affect flight safety. In mechanical engineering, chatter in cutting tools reduces machining accuracy, and vibration in rotor systems can disrupt normal equipment operation. Therefore, effectively suppressing structural vibration has always been a crucial research topic in the engineering field.
[0003] Structural vibration control can be achieved by installing dampers or actuators in the structure, and it is mainly divided into three categories: passive control, active control, and semi-active control. Currently, representative passive control devices include, but are not limited to, tuned mass dampers (Zhao B, Gao H, Wang Z, Lu Z. Shaking table test on vibration control effects of a monopile offshore wind turbine with a tuned mass damper [J]. Windenergy, 2018, 21(12): 1309–1328.), tuned liquid / liquid column dampers (Mensah AF, Dueñas-Osorio L. Improved reliability of wind turbine towers with tuned liquidcolumn dampers (TLCDs) [J]. Structural Safety, 2014, 47: 78–86.), cable-insulated dampers (Dai K, Jiang Z, Fang C, Li P, Zhang S. A tuned cable-inerter system for vibration reduction of towers [J]. International Journal of Mechanical Science, 2023, 248: 108199.), and their derivative types (Zhang R, Zhao Z, Dai K. Seismic response mitigation of a wind turbine tower using a tuned parallelinerter mass system[J]. Engineering Structures, 2019, 180: 29–39.). However, it should be noted that passive control is mostly based on the design optimization of the single-order modal parameters of the structure, especially tuned dampers. Although its principle is simple, its application is wide, its cost is low, and it does not require an external power source, it is sensitive to changes in the characteristics of the main structure and the external excitation characteristics. Once its design frequency deviates from the fundamental frequency of the main structure, or the frequency band of the external excitation exceeds its vibration reduction frequency band, an imbalance effect will occur, leading to a decrease in vibration reduction effect, and in severe cases, it will even aggravate the vibration response of the controlled structure.
[0004] In recent years, track-mounted nonlinear energy traps have attracted widespread attention as a novel vibration damping device. Their nonlinear characteristics can be achieved through different construction measures and configuration parameters (Lu Zheng, Wang Zixin, and Lü Xilin, "A Review of Nonlinear Energy Trap Technology Research," Vibration and Shock, 2020, 39(4): 1–26). Compared with traditional linear vibration absorbers, track-mounted nonlinear energy traps not only reduce the vibration frequency bandwidth and are suitable for different excitation conditions, but also are insensitive to stiffness degradation, thus improving robustness to disturbances of relevant parameters. However, currently, track-mounted nonlinear energy traps typically use uncontrollable frictional damping to dissipate energy, lacking an effective damping adjustment mechanism, resulting in poor performance controllability and limiting their application in complex environments. Utility Model Content
[0005] Existing track-type nonlinear energy traps mostly employ friction damping, which cannot be dynamically adjusted and is easily affected by environmental factors (such as temperature and wear), resulting in unstable long-term performance. To overcome the problems of poor adaptability and ineffective vibration reduction in complex environments, this invention provides a track-type nonlinear energy trap vibration reduction device with controllable electromagnetic damping. This solves the problem of uncontrollable damping terms in traditional track-type nonlinear energy traps, achieving efficient control of structural vibration and improving the adaptability and application effect of the vibration reduction device in different scenarios.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: an electromagnetic damping track-type nonlinear energy trap vibration reduction device, including a base plate, a nonlinear guide rail, and a first electromagnetic vibration reduction unit; wherein, the first electromagnetic vibration reduction unit includes a first electromagnetic motor, a first motor support and a second motor support, a first helical gear assembly, a first roller, a second roller, a first connecting rod, a first bearing and a second bearing; the first roller and the second roller are installed at both ends of the first connecting rod, and the first connecting rod is supported on the base plate through the first bearing and the second bearing; the first roller and the second roller are arranged on the nonlinear guide rail; the first electromagnetic motor is installed on the base plate through the first motor support and the second motor support; the first connecting rod is connected to the first electromagnetic motor through the first helical gear assembly.
[0007] Preferably, the system further includes a second electromagnetic vibration damping unit, wherein the second electromagnetic vibration damping unit includes a second electromagnetic motor, a third motor support and a fourth motor support, a second helical gear assembly, a third roller, a fourth roller, a second connecting rod, a third bearing, and a fourth bearing; the third roller and the fourth roller are mounted at both ends of the second connecting rod, and the second connecting rod is supported on the base plate by the third bearing and the fourth bearing; the third roller and the fourth roller are arranged on a nonlinear guide rail; the second electromagnetic motor is mounted on the base plate by the third motor support and the fourth motor support; the second connecting rod is connected to the second electromagnetic motor by the second helical gear assembly.
[0008] Preferably, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod each have a threaded section at both ends, and the first roller and the second roller are respectively installed at both ends of the first connecting rod by two nuts; the third roller and the fourth roller are respectively installed at both ends of the second connecting rod by two nuts; there is no relative rotation between the rollers and the connecting rods.
[0009] Preferably, the first and second electromagnetic motors provide controllable electromagnetic damping by designing an external load.
[0010] Preferably, the nonlinear guide rail has an arbitrary arc shape.
[0011] Preferably, the first electromagnetic vibration damping unit and the second electromagnetic vibration damping unit are arranged along the longitudinal centerline of the device; the device is symmetrical along the longitudinal centerline.
[0012] This invention retains the advantages of nonlinear stiffness force of traditional track-type nonlinear energy traps, efficiently controlling multimodal vibrations of structures. Simultaneously, this invention uses electromagnetic damping as the damping element of the nonlinear energy trap. By adjusting the external load, the damping magnitude can be flexibly controlled, solving the problem of uncontrollable damping in traditional track-type nonlinear energy traps and significantly improving the adaptability and application effect of the vibration reduction device in complex and variable environments.
[0013] Compared with traditional vibration reduction devices, this invention significantly improves vibration reduction performance, enhances the stability and reliability of structures when facing various complex external excitations, and provides an innovative and effective solution for the vibration reduction needs of numerous engineering structures. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the electromagnetic damping track-type nonlinear energy trap vibration reduction device of this utility model. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic vibration reduction unit structure of the electromagnetic damping track-type nonlinear energy trap vibration reduction device of this utility model. Figure 3 is an overall top view of the electromagnetic damping track-type nonlinear energy trap vibration reduction device of this utility model. Figure 4 is an overall right view of the electromagnetic damping track-type nonlinear energy trap vibration reduction device of this utility model. Figure 5 is an overall front view of the electromagnetic damping track-type nonlinear energy trap vibration reduction device of this utility model. In the diagram: 1. First bearing, 2. Second bearing, 3. Third bearing, 4. Fourth bearing, 5. First roller, 6. Second roller, 7. Third roller, 8. Fourth roller, 9. First connecting rod, 10. Second connecting rod, 11. First helical gear assembly, 12. Second helical gear assembly, 13. First electromagnetic motor, 14. Second electromagnetic motor, 15. First motor support, 16. Second motor support, 17. Third motor support, 18. Fourth motor support, 19. First nonlinear guide rail, 20. Second nonlinear guide rail, 21. Third nonlinear guide rail, 22. Fourth nonlinear guide rail, 23. Base plate. Detailed Implementation
[0015] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings show preferred embodiments of this utility model. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this utility model.
[0016] As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides an electromagnetic damping track-type nonlinear energy trap vibration reduction device, including a first electromagnetic vibration reduction unit, a second electromagnetic vibration reduction unit, a base plate 23, a first nonlinear guide rail 19, a second nonlinear guide rail 20, a third nonlinear guide rail 21, and a fourth nonlinear guide rail 22. As shown in Figure 2, the first electromagnetic vibration reduction unit includes a first electromagnetic motor 13, a first motor support 15 and a second motor support 16 for fixing the first electromagnetic motor 13 to the base plate 23, a first helical gear assembly 11, a first roller 5, a second roller 6, a first connecting rod 9, a first bearing 1 and a second bearing 2 for supporting the first connecting rod 9.
[0017] Similar to the structure of the first electromagnetic vibration damping unit, the second electromagnetic vibration damping unit includes a second electromagnetic motor 14, a third motor support 17 and a fourth motor support 18 for fixing the second electromagnetic motor 14 and the base plate 23, a second helical gear assembly 12, a second connecting rod 10, a third roller 7, a fourth roller 8, and a third bearing 3 and a fourth bearing 4 for supporting the second connecting rod 10.
[0018] As shown in Figure 2, taking the first electromagnetic vibration damping unit as an example, the first roller 5 and the second roller 6 in the first electromagnetic vibration damping unit are respectively installed at both ends of the first connecting rod. The first bearing support 1 and the second bearing support 2 support the first connecting rod 9 on the base plate 23. The function of the two bearings is to support the rotating first connecting rod 9 and ensure rotational accuracy. The rotating shaft of the first electromagnetic motor 13 cooperates with the first connecting rod 9 through the first helical gear combination 11. The first motor support 15 and the second motor support 16 fix the first electromagnetic motor 13 on the base plate 23. When the main body is subjected to external excitation, the rollers move along a nonlinear track. The first connecting rod 9, which fixes the two rollers, rotates with the rollers. The rotation of the first connecting rod 9 is transmitted to the rotating shaft of the first electromagnetic motor 13 through the helical gear combination. The first electromagnetic motor 13 provides damping force and consumes vibration energy.
[0019] It should be noted that the first connecting rod 9 and the second connecting rod 10 each have a thread at both ends. The first roller 5 and the second roller 6 are respectively installed at both ends of the first connecting rod 9 by two nuts. There is no relative rotation between the rollers and the connecting rod. Similarly, the third roller 7 and the fourth roller 8 are respectively installed at both ends of the second connecting rod 10 by two nuts. There is no relative rotation between the rollers and the connecting rod.
[0020] A portion of the first helical gear assembly 11 is fixed to the center of the first connecting rod 9, and another portion is fixed to the rotating shaft of the first electromagnetic motor 13. Similarly, a portion of the second helical gear assembly 12 is fixed to the center of the second connecting rod 10, and another portion is fixed to the rotating shaft of the second electromagnetic motor 14.
[0021] In this embodiment, with the longitudinal center line of the device as the axis of symmetry, the layout of the components on the left and right sides is similar, and the components on the left and right sides are roughly symmetrical in shape and position.
[0022] In this embodiment, the first nonlinear guide rail 19, the second nonlinear guide rail 20, the third nonlinear guide rail 21, and the fourth nonlinear guide rail 22 are all truncated semi-circular arcs.
[0023] In this embodiment, a bistable state is achieved through a nonlinear orbital shape, wherein the negative quadratic term generates negative stiffness and the positive quartic term provides cubic nonlinear stiffness.
[0024] Based on this, the implementation process of vibration control in this utility model is briefly described in principle. The nonlinear track of this utility model's device is fixed to the main structure, while other parts move along the guide rail with the rollers. The energy of the main structure is absorbed by the vibration damping device and dissipated by the controllable damping force provided by the electromagnetic motor; the damping characteristics can be controlled by an external load. Under the action of the nonlinear restoring force provided by the track, the linearized stiffness of the vibration damping device varies with different input energy (displacement). This allows the vibration damping device to resonate with a wide range of frequencies, enabling energy to be transferred unidirectionally from the main structure to the vibration damping device of this utility model, and coupling different modes of the main structure, allowing energy to be transferred from lower-order modes to higher-order modes that dissipate energy more quickly.
[0025] The electromagnetic damping coefficient of the vibration reduction device described in this utility model is calculated using the following formula: (1); In the formula, and These are parasitic damping and electromagnetic damping, respectively. Parasitic damping... It is contributed by Coulomb friction and parasitic viscous damping, and is usually assumed to be constant.
[0026] Electromagnetic damping Represented as; (2); In the formula, and These are the mechanical constant of the electromagnetic motor and the coil resistance, respectively. It is the external load resistor.
[0027] As shown in equation (2), electromagnetic damping can be adjusted by the parameters of the electromagnetic motor and the external load. Therefore, by introducing electromagnetic damping, the damping coefficient of this track-type nonlinear energy trap can be adjusted to achieve the required design value by controlling the external load. In the current embodiment, both the first electromagnetic damping unit and the second electromagnetic damping unit provide electromagnetic damping.
[0028] The vibration damping device of this invention generates a nonlinear restoring force through the movement of a mass block along a specially designed track. An example is a bistable guide rail. The bistable guide rail is designed as a hybrid of quadratic and quartic profiles, represented by a polynomial with second-order and fourth-order terms in mathematics: (3); in, It is the guide rail profile. It is the displacement of the moving mass relative to a reference point. and This refers to the guide rail profile coefficient. The nonlinear restoring force generated by the mass moving along a curved track can be derived using the Euler-Lagrange method. : (4); in It is moving mass. and These are the first and second derivatives of the guide rail profile, respectively. and These are the velocity and acceleration of the moving mass relative to the reference point, respectively. It is gravitational acceleration.
[0029] Substituting equation (3) into equation (4), the nonlinear force of the bistable orbital nonlinear energy trap... It can be rewritten as: (5).
[0030] As a further optimization of this utility model, the vibration damping device is optimized, including the optimization of the damping coefficient and track profile. Therefore, to determine the optimal design parameters of the device, a stochastic optimization method that considers the uncertainties of system design parameters and external excitation conditions is required. Therefore, the specific values of the track shape and the device's damping coefficient cannot be used to limit the patent scope of this utility model.
[0031] In summary, the vibration damping device provided by this invention generates a nonlinear restoring force through the movement of a mass block along a specially designed track, giving the device a non-constant natural frequency. Therefore, the device can achieve instantaneous resonance capture with a series of modes of the main structure, thereby expanding its vibration damping bandwidth. Furthermore, the electromagnetic motor provides controllable electromagnetic damping force, which can dissipate the vibration energy absorbed from the main structure, ultimately achieving energy dissipation and vibration reduction. Nonlinear vibration control is achieved under the action of the nonlinear restoring force provided by the track.
[0032] The embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this utility model is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this utility model, and these variations still fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. An electromagnetically damped track-type nonlinear energy trap vibration reduction device, characterized in that: The system includes a base plate, a nonlinear guide rail, and a first electromagnetic vibration damping unit. The first electromagnetic vibration damping unit includes a first electromagnetic motor, a first motor support and a second motor support, a first helical gear assembly, a first roller, a second roller, a first connecting rod, a first bearing, and a second bearing. The first roller and the second roller are mounted at both ends of the first connecting rod, which is supported on the base plate by the first and second bearings. The first roller and the second roller are arranged on the nonlinear guide rail. The first electromagnetic motor is mounted on the base plate by the first motor support and the second motor support. The first connecting rod is connected to the first electromagnetic motor via the first helical gear assembly.
2. The electromagnetic damped rail-based nonlinear energy sink vibration mitigation device of claim 1, wherein: It also includes a second electromagnetic vibration damping unit, wherein the second electromagnetic vibration damping unit includes a second electromagnetic motor, a third motor support and a fourth motor support, a second helical gear assembly, a third roller, a fourth roller, a second connecting rod, a third bearing and a fourth bearing; the third roller and the fourth roller are mounted at both ends of the second connecting rod, and the second connecting rod is supported on the base plate by the third bearing and the fourth bearing; the third roller and the fourth roller are arranged on a nonlinear guide rail; the second electromagnetic motor is mounted on the base plate by the third motor support and the fourth motor support; the second connecting rod is connected to the second electromagnetic motor by the second helical gear assembly.
3. The electromagnetic damped rail-based nonlinear energy sink vibration mitigation device of claim 2, wherein: The first and second connecting rods each have a threaded section at both ends. The first and second rollers are respectively installed at both ends of the first connecting rod by two nuts. The third and fourth rollers are respectively installed at both ends of the second connecting rod by two nuts. There is no relative rotation between the rollers and the connecting rods.
4. The electromagnetic damped rail-based nonlinear energy sink vibration mitigation device of claim 2, wherein: The first and second electromagnetic motors provide controllable electromagnetic damping by designing an external load.
5. The electromagnetic damped rail-based nonlinear energy sink vibration mitigation device of claim 2, wherein: The nonlinear guide rail has an arbitrary arc shape.
6. The electromagnetic damped rail-based nonlinear energy sink vibration mitigation device of any of claims 2-5, wherein: The first electromagnetic vibration damping unit and the second electromagnetic vibration damping unit are arranged along the longitudinal centerline of the device; the device is symmetrical along the longitudinal centerline.