Pressurized hydrogen storage and supply devices and systems

Abstract

This utility model relates to a pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device and system. The device includes a hydrogen filling pipeline, a first container and a second container, a first power unit, a hydrogen output pipeline, a storage pipeline, multiple storage containers, and the second power unit. The first container pre-stores water, and the second container pre-stores low-pressure hydrogen. The first container receives low-pressure hydrogen through the hydrogen filling pipeline, while the first power unit transfers water from the first container to the second container to compress the low-pressure hydrogen in the second container. At least one storage container pre-stores water, and at least one storage container pre-stores low-pressure hydrogen. The hydrogen output pipeline delivers compressed hydrogen to the storage containers containing low-pressure hydrogen, converting the low-pressure hydrogen into high-pressure hydrogen. The second power unit transfers water to the storage containers containing high-pressure hydrogen, enabling these containers to supply high-pressure hydrogen. This device features good safety, low power consumption, high reliability, and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen storage and supply technology, and in particular to a pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device and system. Background Technology

[0002] For applications where hydrogen is used as a raw material (such as for the production of green liquid fuels and pipeline hydrogen), direct hydrogen storage is the most economical and efficient method. A hydrogen storage and transportation system must be built. When renewable power is sufficient, multiple electrolyzers are used to accelerate the production and storage of hydrogen. When the output of renewable power decreases or stops, the stored hydrogen is then transported out.

[0003] Existing hydrogen storage methods include compressed hydrogen storage, liquid hydrogen storage, organic liquid storage, and metal hydrogen storage. The most common method is compressed hydrogen storage, which involves compressing hydrogen produced by water electrolysis (or allowing it to enter the storage tank directly without compression at a pressure of 1.6MPa-3.0MPa after water electrolysis) and then releasing the hydrogen from the storage tank when needed.

[0004] In scenarios involving the production of green liquid fuels (such as methanol or synthetic ammonia) from green hydrogen, the process synthesis pressure is relatively high, necessitating further pressurization of the hydrogen. Additionally, to reduce floor space and save investment, hydrogen is sometimes further pressurized to higher pressures before storage. Due to the small molecular weight of hydrogen, centrifugal compressors are difficult to use; reciprocating hydrogen compressors are typically employed. Because hydrogen is difficult to compress, has a small molecular weight leading to easy leakage, a wide explosive range, poor safety, and hydrogen embrittlement, existing hydrogen compression equipment using compressors suffers from high investment costs, high energy consumption, and poor safety. Utility Model Content

[0005] One objective of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device. To solve the aforementioned technical problems, this invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device includes:

[0007] Hydrogen filling line, used to connect to hydrogen production equipment to receive low-pressure hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment;

[0008] The first and second containers are connected to the hydrogen charging pipeline. The first container is pre-stored with water, and the second container is pre-stored with low-pressure hydrogen.

[0009] The first power component is disposed between the first container and the second container;

[0010] During pressurization, the first container can receive low-pressure hydrogen through the hydrogen filling pipeline, and at the same time, the first power unit can transfer the water in the first container to the second container to compress the low-pressure hydrogen in the second container.

[0011] A hydrogen output line connects to the first and second containers to receive compressed hydrogen.

[0012] The storage pipeline is installed in parallel with the hydrogen charging pipeline. The storage pipeline is used to connect to the hydrogen production equipment to receive the low-pressure hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment.

[0013] Multiple storage containers, each connected to a storage pipeline and a hydrogen output pipeline respectively, to receive low-pressure hydrogen through the storage pipeline or to receive compressed hydrogen through the hydrogen output pipeline, wherein at least one storage container is pre-stored with water and at least one storage container is pre-stored with low-pressure hydrogen.

[0014] The second power unit is located between the water storage container and the other storage containers;

[0015] During hydrogen storage, the hydrogen output pipeline can deliver compressed hydrogen to the storage container containing low-pressure hydrogen, so that the low-pressure hydrogen in the storage container becomes high-pressure hydrogen.

[0016] When supplying gas, the second power unit can transfer water from the water storage container to the storage container containing high-pressure hydrogen, enabling the storage container to supply high-pressure hydrogen to the outside.

[0017] In one embodiment, a first inlet pipe and a first outlet pipe are connected to a first container, and a second inlet pipe and a second outlet pipe are connected to a second container. The first inlet pipe and the second inlet pipe are respectively connected to a hydrogen charging pipe, and the first outlet pipe and the second outlet pipe are respectively connected to a hydrogen output pipe.

[0018] A first intake valve is provided on the first intake pipe, and a first exhaust valve is provided on the first exhaust pipe;

[0019] A second intake valve is provided on the second intake pipe, and a second outlet valve is provided on the second outlet pipe.

[0020] In one embodiment, a first drain pipe and a first inlet pipe are connected to a first container, and a second drain pipe and a second inlet pipe are connected to a second container. The first drain pipe is connected to the second inlet pipe, and the second drain pipe is connected to the first inlet pipe.

[0021] A first drain valve is installed on the first drain pipe, and a first inlet valve is installed on the first inlet pipe;

[0022] A second drain valve is installed on the second drain pipe, and a second inlet valve is installed on the second inlet pipe.

[0023] In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a pressure equalization valve disposed between a first container and a second container, the pressure equalization valve being used to equalize the gas phase pressures of the first container and the second container.

[0024] In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a first heat exchanger disposed between a first container and a second container and connected in series with a first power element. The first heat exchanger is used to exchange heat on water transferred between the first container and the second container.

[0025] In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a first gas-liquid separator disposed between a first container and a second container and connected in series with a first power component. The first gas-liquid separator is used to separate water and gas in water transferred between the first container and the second container.

[0026] In one embodiment, each storage container is connected to a first gas phase pipeline, a second gas phase pipeline and a third gas phase pipeline respectively. Each first gas phase pipeline is connected to a hydrogen output pipeline, each second gas phase pipeline is connected to a storage pipeline, and each third gas phase pipeline is used to connect to a downstream hydrogen-using device.

[0027] Each first gas phase pipeline is equipped with a first gas phase valve, each second gas phase pipeline is equipped with a second gas phase valve, and each third gas phase pipeline is equipped with a third gas phase valve.

[0028] In one embodiment, each storage container is connected to an outlet pipe and an inlet pipe at its bottom, and the outlet pipe of any storage container is connected to the inlet pipe of the other storage containers.

[0029] Each liquid outlet line is equipped with a liquid outlet valve, and each liquid inlet line is equipped with a liquid inlet valve.

[0030] In one embodiment, the device includes a temperature control line, the inlet of which is connected to each outlet line.

[0031] Each storage container is connected to a liquid phase pipeline at its top, and the outlet of the temperature control pipeline is connected to each liquid phase pipeline, so that water transferred between any two storage containers can partially enter the top of each storage container for spraying through the temperature control pipeline; each liquid phase pipeline is equipped with a liquid phase valve.

[0032] In one embodiment, the device includes a second heat exchanger disposed between the water storage container and the other storage containers and connected in series with a second power unit. The second heat exchanger is used to exchange heat on water transferred between any two storage containers.

[0033] In one embodiment, the device includes a second gas-liquid separator disposed between the water storage container and the other storage containers and connected in series with a second power unit. The second gas-liquid separator is used to separate water and gas in water transferred between any two storage containers.

[0034] In one embodiment, the device includes a hydrogen supply line, one end of which is connected to a first container and a second container, and the other end of which is used to connect to a downstream hydrogen-using device. The hydrogen supply line is connected in parallel with a hydrogen output line and is used to supply compressed hydrogen that has not been completely discharged from the second container or the first container to the hydrogen-using device.

[0035] In one embodiment, each storage container is connected to a hydrogen supply line so that the high-pressure hydrogen supplied by each storage container can be fed into the hydrogen supply line.

[0036] In one embodiment, the device includes a pressure relief line, with its two ends connected to a hydrogen output line and a storage line, respectively. The pressure relief line is used to allow some of the compressed hydrogen to enter the storage line. A pressure relief and pressure reducing valve is provided on the pressure relief line.

[0037] Another objective of this utility model is to improve a pressurized hydrogen storage and supply system, including a hydrogen production device and a pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device as described in any of the above, wherein the outlet end of the hydrogen production device is connected in parallel to a hydrogen charging pipeline and a storage pipeline.

[0038] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this utility model has at least the following advantages and positive effects:

[0039] In this invention, the pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device is driven by a first power component and compresses the low-pressure hydrogen in a sealed second container by injecting water into it. Furthermore, the first power component drives the compressed hydrogen in the second container downstream to a storage container, where it mixes with the low-pressure hydrogen and gradually increases in pressure to the required high-pressure hydrogen pressure, thus completing the hydrogen pressurization and storage process. In addition, the system, driven by a second power component and using water as the driving medium, sequentially supplies high-pressure hydrogen to multiple storage containers. Therefore, the pressurization, storage, and supply processes of this system do not require expensive hydrogen compressors, resulting in better safety, lower power consumption, higher reliability, and a significantly reduced cost.

[0040] This device organically combines the low-pressure hydrogen compression process with the low-pressure hydrogen storage process, as well as the low-pressure hydrogen pressurization process with the high-pressure hydrogen supply process. This results in better process continuity, greater practicality, and higher operating efficiency. Furthermore, each storage container has a small amount of residual hydrogen during each filling and discharging process, leading to higher utilization of the storage containers and saving on investment costs.

[0041] In this device, the first and second containers are interconnected via pipelines, and water is transferred between them to compress hydrogen. Multiple storage containers are also interconnected via pipelines, allowing water to be transferred between any two containers to supply high-pressure hydrogen. Because the water operates within a closed pipeline system, it does not come into contact with air, effectively preventing corrosion of the container walls and extending their service life. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the process flow of the device during operation.

[0044] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0045] 100 - Hydrogen production equipment; 200 - Hydrogen consumption equipment;

[0046] 10- Hydrogen charging pipeline;

[0047] 20 - First container; 21 - First air inlet pipe; 211 - First air inlet valve; 22 - First air outlet pipe; 221 - First air outlet valve; 23 - First drain pipe; 231 - First drain valve; 24 - First water inlet pipe; 241 - First water inlet valve; 25 - Pressure equalizing valve;

[0048] 30 - Second container; 31 - Second air inlet pipe; 311 - Second air inlet valve; 32 - Second air outlet pipe; 321 - Second air outlet valve; 33 - Second drain pipe; 331 - Second drain valve; 34 - Second water inlet pipe; 341 - Second water inlet valve;

[0049] 40 - First power component; 41 - First heat exchanger; 42 - First gas-liquid separator;

[0050] 50 - Hydrogen output pipeline; 51 - Pressure relief pipeline; 52 - Pressure relief and pressure reducing valve;

[0051] 60 - Storage pipeline; 61 - Low-pressure air inlet valve; 62 - Inflation and pressure reducing valve;

[0052] 70 - Storage container; 71 - First gas phase pipeline; 711 - First gas phase valve; 72 - Second gas phase pipeline; 721 - Second gas phase valve; 73 - Third gas phase pipeline; 731 - Third gas phase valve; 74 - Liquid outlet pipeline; 741 - Liquid outlet valve; 75 - Liquid inlet pipeline; 751 - Liquid inlet valve; 76 - Temperature control pipeline; 77 - Liquid phase pipeline; 771 - Liquid phase valve;

[0053] 80-Second power unit; 81-Drain pressure reducing valve; 82-Second heat exchanger; 83-Second gas-liquid separator; 84-Airbag;

[0054] 90 - Hydrogen supply pipeline; 91 - Hydrogen supply valve. Detailed Implementation

[0055] Typical embodiments embodying the features and advantages of this utility model will be described in detail in the following description. It should be understood that this utility model can have various variations in different embodiments, all of which do not depart from the scope of this utility model, and the descriptions and illustrations therein are for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit this utility model.

[0056] In the description of this application, it should be understood that, in the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, the indications of direction or positional relationships (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back) are merely for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. These descriptions are appropriate when these elements are in the positions shown in the accompanying drawings. If the description of the positions of these elements changes, these directional indications also change accordingly.

[0057] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0058] Please see Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device and system. Specifically, the pressurized hydrogen storage and supply system includes a hydrogen production device 100 and a pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device (hereinafter referred to as the device). The hydrogen production device 100 is used to produce hydrogen. For example, the hydrogen production device 100 can be an electrolysis water hydrogen production device 100, which can utilize renewable electricity to produce hydrogen. For example, the renewable electricity can be wind power or solar power, etc.

[0059] The number of hydrogen production devices 100 can be one or more. When there are multiple hydrogen production devices 100, they are connected in parallel.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a hydrogen charging line 10 and a storage line 60, which are connected in parallel. Both the hydrogen charging line 10 and the storage line 60 are connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen production equipment 100 to receive the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 100.

[0061] Typically, the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 100 has a pressure of approximately 1.6 MPa. When the downstream hydrogen-consuming equipment 200 requires a hydrogen pressure greater than 1.6 MPa, for example, if the hydrogen-consuming equipment 200 requires a hydrogen pressure of 4.8 MPa, then the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 100 needs to be pressurized before being supplied to the hydrogen-consuming equipment 200.

[0062] The device proposed in this application is mainly used to pressurize the low-pressure hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 100 (hereinafter referred to as low-pressure hydrogen) to meet the hydrogen pressure requirements of the hydrogen consumption equipment 200. The specific embodiments of the pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0063] See Figure 1 The pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device of this application includes a hydrogen filling pipeline 10, a first container 20 and a second container 30 connected to the hydrogen filling pipeline 10, a first power component 40, a hydrogen output pipeline 50, a storage pipeline 60, a plurality of storage containers 70 and a second power component 80.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, the inlet end of the hydrogen filling pipeline 10 is connected to the hydrogen production equipment 100, and the outlet end of the hydrogen filling pipeline 10 is connected to the first container 20 and the second container 30, so that the low-pressure hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 100 can enter the first container 20 or the second container 30 through the hydrogen filling pipeline 10.

[0065] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, a first inlet pipe 21 is connected to the first container 20, and a second inlet pipe 31 is connected to the second container 30. The first inlet pipe 21 and the second inlet pipe 31 are respectively connected to the hydrogen charging line 10. Thus, the hydrogen production equipment 100 can charge low-pressure hydrogen into the first container 20 through the hydrogen charging line 10 and the first inlet pipe 21, and can charge low-pressure hydrogen into the second container 30 through the hydrogen charging line 10 and the second inlet pipe 31.

[0066] like Figure 1As shown, a first intake valve 211 is provided on the first intake pipe 21. The first intake valve 211 can be a one-way valve or a check valve. When the first intake valve 211 is open, only low-pressure hydrogen is allowed to flow into the first container 20. When the first intake valve 211 is closed, low-pressure hydrogen cannot flow into the first container 20. It is understood that in other embodiments, the first intake valve 211 can also be a one-way regulating valve, which can adjust the flow rate of hydrogen entering the first container 20 as needed.

[0067] like Figure 1 As shown, a second intake valve 311 is provided on the second intake pipe 31. The second intake valve 311 can be a one-way valve or a check valve. When the second intake valve 311 is open, only low-pressure hydrogen is allowed to flow into the second container 30. When the second intake valve 311 is closed, low-pressure hydrogen cannot flow into the second container 30. It is understood that in other embodiments, the second intake valve 311 can also be a one-way regulating valve, which can adjust the flow rate of hydrogen entering the second container 30 as needed.

[0068] See Figure 1 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the first container 20 can pre-store water (green schematic), and the second container 30 can pre-store low-pressure hydrogen gas (blue schematic). The first container 20 can be a spherical or cylindrical storage tank. The second container 30 can be a spherical or cylindrical storage tank.

[0069] It should be noted that the pre-storage mentioned in this application refers to the initial state of the containers when the corresponding operating conditions begin to run. For example, the first container 20 pre-storing water and the second container 30 pre-storing low-pressure hydrogen refer to the initial state of the first container 20 and the second container 30 when the device enters the hydrogen pressurization operating condition.

[0070] It is understood that in other embodiments, such as when the device is not delivered or not in operation, both the first container 20 and the second container 30 may be empty. Before the device starts operating, water can be filled into the first container 20 through an external water supply device, and low-pressure hydrogen can be filled into the second container 30 through the hydrogen filling line 10.

[0071] It is understandable that the initial states of the first container 20 and the second container 30 can be interchanged, that is, the first container 20 can be pre-stored with low-pressure hydrogen gas, and the second container 30 can be pre-stored with water gas, depending on the specific circumstances. In the following text, the initial state of the first container 20 pre-stored with water gas and the second container 30 pre-stored with low-pressure hydrogen gas gas will be used as an example for explanation.

[0072] like Figure 1As shown, a first power component 40 is disposed between the first container 20 and the second container 30. For example, the first power component 40 can be disposed on a pipeline connecting the first container 20 and the second container 30. The first power component 40 is mainly used to provide power for transferring water between the first container 20 and the second container 30. The first power component 40 can be a water pump.

[0073] For example, the first container 20 is connected to a first drain pipe 23 and a first inlet pipe 24, and the second container 30 is connected to a second drain pipe 33 and a second inlet pipe 34. The first drain pipe 23 is connected to the second inlet pipe 34, and the second drain pipe 33 is connected to the first inlet pipe 24.

[0074] It should be understood that the first power component 40 can be installed on the pipeline connecting the first drainage pipe 23 and the second water inlet pipe 34, and the second drainage pipe 33 and the first water inlet pipe 24, so as to realize the transfer of water between the first container 20 and the second container 30.

[0075] like Figure 1 As shown, a first drain valve 231 is provided on the first drain pipe 23, and a second drain valve 331 is provided on the second drain pipe 33. It can be understood that the first drain valve 231 and the second drain valve 331 can be one-way valves to allow water to drain only from the corresponding container.

[0076] Of course, in other embodiments, the first drain valve 231 and the second drain valve 331 may also be one-way regulating valves to adjust the water flow rate discharged from the first container 20 or the second container 30 as needed.

[0077] like Figure 1 As shown, a first inlet valve 241 is provided on the first inlet pipe 24, and a second inlet valve 341 is provided on the second inlet pipe 34. The first inlet valve 241 and the second inlet valve 341 can be unidirectional valves to allow water to flow only into the corresponding containers.

[0078] Of course, in other embodiments, the first inlet valve 241 and the second inlet valve 341 may also be one-way regulating valves to adjust the water flow rate into the first container 20 or the second container 30 as needed.

[0079] Referring to Figure 1, when the device enters the pressurization mode, the first container 20 can receive low-pressure hydrogen through the hydrogen charging line 10, and at the same time, the first power unit 40 can transfer the water in the first container 20 to the second container 30 to compress the low-pressure hydrogen in the second container 30.

[0080] Specifically, the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 100 can continuously enter the first water storage container 20 through the hydrogen filling pipeline 10 and the first air inlet pipeline 21. Simultaneously, the water in the first container 20 can continuously enter the second container 30, which stores low-pressure hydrogen, under the action of the first power component 40. In the second container 30, the continuous injection of water compresses the hydrogen space, allowing the hydrogen to be compressed. When the hydrogen is compressed to a pressure higher than a preset pressure, the compressed hydrogen can be transported downstream for use.

[0081] For example, the preset pressure may be the hydrogen pressure of the storage container 70 storing low-pressure hydrogen, as described later. That is, when the pressure of the compressed hydrogen is higher than the hydrogen pressure of the storage container 70 storing low-pressure hydrogen, the compressed hydrogen can be transported to the storage container 70 storing low-pressure hydrogen so that the hydrogen pressure in the storage container 70 can be gradually increased to the pressure required by the hydrogen-using device 200, as described later.

[0082] In the pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device of this application, the first container 20 can switch back and forth between water storage and hydrogen storage states, and the second container 30 can correspondingly switch back and forth between hydrogen storage and water storage states, thereby realizing the continuous compression of low-pressure hydrogen and the continuous delivery of compressed hydrogen downstream.

[0083] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the device includes a pressure equalization valve 25 disposed between the first container 20 and the second container 30. For example, the pressure equalization valve 25 may be disposed on a pipeline connecting the first intake line 21 and the second intake line 31. The pressure equalization valve 25 is used to equalize the gas phase pressure of the first container 20 and the second container 30.

[0084] In this embodiment, by setting up a pressure equalization valve 25, the pressure equalization valve 25 can balance the gas phase pressure of the first container 20 and the second container 30, thereby maintaining the gas phase pressure balance between the two containers each time they switch states, ensuring stable operation under pressurization conditions. For example, after the second container 30 has finished delivering compressed hydrogen, the pressure equalization valve 25 can release the residual gas in the second container 30 into the first container 20, achieving a balance of gas phase pressure between the first container 20 and the second container 30. This pressure equalization process can make full use of the relatively high-pressure gas remaining in the second container 30, which is beneficial for reducing energy consumption.

[0085] like Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen output line 50 connects the first container 20 and the second container 30 to receive compressed hydrogen. The hydrogen output line 50 is mainly used to transport the compressed hydrogen to the downstream storage container 70.

[0086] For example, a first outlet pipe 22 is connected to the first container 20, and a second outlet pipe 32 is connected to the second container 30. The first outlet pipe 22 and the second outlet pipe 32 are respectively connected to the hydrogen output pipe 50. Thus, the compressed hydrogen in the first container 20 or the second container 30 can be output through the hydrogen output pipe 50 respectively.

[0087] like Figure 1 As shown, a first outlet valve 221 is provided on the first outlet pipeline 22. The first outlet valve 221 can be a one-way valve or a check valve. When the first outlet valve 221 is open, only the compressed hydrogen in the first container 20 is allowed to flow to the hydrogen outlet pipeline 50. When the first outlet valve 221 is closed, the compressed hydrogen cannot flow to the hydrogen outlet pipeline 50.

[0088] It is understood that in other embodiments, the first outlet valve 221 may also be a one-way regulating valve, which can adjust the flow rate of hydrogen discharged from the first container 20 as needed.

[0089] like Figure 1 As shown, a second outlet valve 321 is provided on the second outlet pipeline 32. The second outlet valve 321 can be a one-way valve or a check valve. When the second outlet valve 321 is open, only the compressed hydrogen in the second container 30 is allowed to flow to the hydrogen outlet pipeline 50. When the second outlet valve 321 is closed, the compressed hydrogen cannot flow to the hydrogen outlet pipeline 50.

[0090] It is understood that in other embodiments, the second outlet valve 321 may also be a one-way regulating valve, which can adjust the flow rate of hydrogen discharged from the second container 30 as needed.

[0091] See Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the storage pipeline 60 and the hydrogen charging pipeline 10 are connected in parallel. The inlet end of the storage pipeline 60 is connected to the hydrogen production equipment 100, and the outlet end of the storage pipeline 60 is connected to each storage container 70. Thus, the low-pressure hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 100 can enter each storage container 70 through the storage pipeline 60.

[0092] like Figure 1 As shown, for example, a low-pressure inlet valve 61 may be provided on the storage line 60. The low-pressure inlet valve 61 may be a one-way valve or a check valve. When the low-pressure inlet valve 61 is opened, it only allows the storage line 60 to transport the low-pressure hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 100 downstream to the respective storage containers 70.

[0093] A pressure reducing valve 62 can also be installed on the storage pipeline 60. By installing the pressure reducing valve 62, the low-pressure hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 100 can be reduced as needed before being delivered to each storage container 70.

[0094] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the device includes a pressure relief line 51, with its two ends connected to a hydrogen output line 50 and a storage line 60, respectively. The pressure relief line 51 is used to allow partially compressed hydrogen to enter the storage line 60. A pressure relief and pressure reducing valve 52 is provided on the pressure relief line 51.

[0095] In this embodiment, by setting up a pressure relief line 51 and a pressure relief and pressure reducing valve 52, when the pressure in the hydrogen output line 50 is too high, pressure can be released to the storage line 60 through the pressure relief line 51, thus preventing the hydrogen output line 50 from becoming too high and ensuring the stable operation of the device. Furthermore, when the hydrogen output line 50 releases pressure to the storage line 60, the pressure can be reduced by the pressure relief and pressure reducing valve 52, thereby preventing high-pressure impact on the storage line 60 and ensuring the stable operation of the device.

[0096] See Figure 1 As shown, each storage container 70 is connected to a storage line 60 to receive low-pressure hydrogen gas. Furthermore, each storage container 70 is connected to a hydrogen output line 50 to receive compressed hydrogen gas.

[0097] For example, each storage container 70 is connected to a first gas phase pipeline 71 and a second gas phase pipeline 72, each first gas phase pipeline 71 is connected to a hydrogen output pipeline 50, and each second gas phase pipeline 72 is connected to a storage pipeline 60.

[0098] Each of the first gas phase pipelines 71 is equipped with a first gas phase valve 711. The first gas phase valve 711 can be a one-way valve. When the first gas phase valve 711 is open, only compressed hydrogen is allowed to flow into the storage container 70. When the first gas phase valve 711 is closed, compressed hydrogen cannot flow into the storage container 70. It is understood that in other embodiments, the first gas phase valve 711 can also be a one-way regulating valve, which can adjust the flow rate of hydrogen entering the storage container 70 as needed.

[0099] Each of the second gas phase pipelines 72 is equipped with a second gas phase valve 721. The second gas phase valve 721 can be a one-way valve. When the second gas phase valve 721 is open, only low-pressure hydrogen is allowed to flow into the storage container 70. When the second gas phase valve 721 is closed, low-pressure hydrogen cannot flow into the storage container 70. It is understood that in other embodiments, the second gas phase valve 721 can also be a one-way regulating valve, which can adjust the flow rate of hydrogen entering the storage container 70 as needed.

[0100] See Figure 1In the embodiments of this application, among the plurality of storage containers 70, at least one storage container 70 is pre-stored with water, and at least one storage container 70 is pre-stored with low-pressure hydrogen. Each storage container 70 may be a spherical tank, a cylindrical tank, or a high-pressure tubing, etc.

[0101] As mentioned above, the pre-storage mentioned in this application refers to the initial state of the containers when the corresponding operating conditions begin to run. In other words, at least one storage container 70 pre-storing water and at least one storage container 70 pre-storing low-pressure hydrogen means that when the device enters the hydrogen storage operating condition, at least two storage containers 70 are initially in a state where one stores water and the other stores low-pressure hydrogen. The remaining storage containers 70 can be empty tanks, or pre-storing high-pressure hydrogen, or pre-storing low-pressure hydrogen.

[0102] It is understood that in other embodiments, such as when the device is not delivered or not in operation, each storage container 70 may be empty. Before the device starts operating, water can be filled into one of the storage containers 70 via an external water supply device, and low-pressure hydrogen can be filled into the other storage container 70 via the storage line 60.

[0103] See Figure 1 As shown, a second power unit 80 is disposed between the water storage container 70 and the other storage containers 70. The second power unit 80 is mainly used to provide the power to transfer water between the two storage containers 70. The second power unit 80 can be a water pump.

[0104] For example, each storage container 70 is connected to an outlet pipe 74 and an inlet pipe 75 at its bottom, and the outlet pipe 74 of any storage container 70 is connected to the inlet pipe 75 of the other storage containers 70. It should be understood that the second power component 80 may be provided on the pipe connecting the outlet pipe 74 of any storage container 70 to the inlet pipe 75 of the other storage containers 70, thereby enabling the transfer of water between the two storage containers 70.

[0105] like Figure 1 As shown, each outlet pipe 74 is equipped with an outlet valve 741. The outlet valve 741 can be a one-way valve, allowing only water to be discharged from the corresponding container. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the outlet valve 741 can be a one-way regulating valve to adjust the water flow rate discharged from the storage container 70 as needed.

[0106] like Figure 1 As shown, each inlet pipe 75 is equipped with an inlet valve 751. The inlet valve 751 can be a one-way valve to allow only water to enter the corresponding container. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the inlet valve 751 can be a one-way regulating valve to adjust the water flow rate into the storage container 70 as needed.

[0107] See Figure 1 As shown, when the device enters the hydrogen storage mode, the hydrogen output line 50 can supply compressed hydrogen to the storage container 70 containing low-pressure hydrogen, thereby converting the low-pressure hydrogen in the storage container 70 into high-pressure hydrogen. Specifically, when the downstream hydrogen-using equipment 200 requires higher-pressure hydrogen, the device first enters the pressurization mode. When the pressure of the compressed hydrogen is higher than the hydrogen pressure in the storage container 70 containing pre-stored low-pressure hydrogen, the compressed hydrogen can enter the storage container 70 through the hydrogen output line 50, causing the hydrogen pressure in the storage container 70 to gradually increase. When the hydrogen pressure in the storage container 70 reaches the pressure required by the hydrogen-using equipment 200, the device can enter the gas supply mode.

[0108] like Figure 1 As shown, when the device enters the gas supply mode, the second power unit 80 can transfer water from the water storage container 70 to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 70, enabling the high-pressure hydrogen to be supplied externally from the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 70. For example, when the hydrogen pressure in the aforementioned low-pressure hydrogen storage container 70 gradually increases to the high-pressure hydrogen pressure, water from the water storage container 70 is transferred to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 70 to discharge the high-pressure hydrogen.

[0109] Therefore, in the pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device of this application, each storage container 70 can switch back and forth between a low-pressure hydrogen storage tank, a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and a water tank, thereby achieving the purpose of storing and pressurizing low-pressure hydrogen and outputting high-pressure hydrogen. It can be understood that when the downstream hydrogen-using equipment 200 consumes a small amount of hydrogen, excess high-pressure hydrogen can be stored in the storage container 70 and supplied to the hydrogen-using equipment 200 when needed.

[0110] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, each storage container 70 is connected to a third gas phase pipeline 73, and each third gas phase pipeline 73 is used to connect to a downstream hydrogen-using device 200. Each third gas phase pipeline 73 is equipped with a third gas phase valve 731. The third gas phase valve 731 can be a one-way valve or a check valve. When the third gas phase valve 731 is open, only high-pressure hydrogen gas in the storage container 70 is allowed to escape. When the third gas phase valve 731 is closed, high-pressure hydrogen gas in the storage container 70 cannot escape.

[0111] It is understood that in other embodiments, the third gas phase valve 731 may also be a one-way regulating valve, which can adjust the flow rate of hydrogen discharged from the storage container 70 as needed.

[0112] See Figure 1In one embodiment, the device includes a hydrogen supply line 90, one end of which is connected to a first container 20 and a second container 30, and the other end of which is connected to a downstream hydrogen-using device 200. The hydrogen supply line 90 is connected in parallel with a hydrogen output line 50, and is used to supply any remaining compressed hydrogen from the second container 30 or the first container 20 to the hydrogen-using device 200. A hydrogen supply valve 91 may be provided on the hydrogen supply line 90. The hydrogen supply valve 91 may be a one-way valve.

[0113] Specifically, when the device enters the hydrogen storage mode, the compressed hydrogen pressure enters the storage container 70, which pre-stores low-pressure hydrogen, via the hydrogen output line 50, and the pressure inside the storage container 70 gradually increases. If the compressed hydrogen in the first container 20 or the second container 30 is not completely discharged, and the pressure inside the storage container 70 has reached the required high-pressure hydrogen pressure, the first gas phase valve 711 corresponding to the storage container 70 can be closed, and the hydrogen supply valve 91 can be opened. Thus, the hydrogen supply line 90 can receive excess compressed hydrogen and supply the continuously increasing pressure compressed hydrogen to the hydrogen-using equipment 200.

[0114] Of course, in other embodiments, excess compressed hydrogen can also be discharged into another storage container 70 containing low-pressure hydrogen, which can be set according to the actual situation.

[0115] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, each storage container 70 is connected to a hydrogen supply line 90, so that the high-pressure hydrogen supplied by each storage container 70 can flow into the hydrogen supply line 90. Specifically, the third gas phase line 73 of each storage container 70 can be connected to the hydrogen supply line 90, so that each storage container 70 can supply high-pressure hydrogen to the hydrogen-using equipment 200 through the hydrogen supply line 90. This simplifies the piping setup and reduces the cost of the device.

[0116] See Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the device includes a temperature-controlled conduit 76, the inlet of which is connected to each outlet conduit 74. Each storage container 70 has a liquid phase conduit 77 connected to its top, and the outlet of the temperature-controlled conduit 76 is connected to each liquid phase conduit 77, so that water transferred between any two storage containers 70 can partially enter the top of each storage container 70 via the temperature-controlled conduit 76 for spraying.

[0117] In this embodiment, when the device enters the gas supply mode, the second power unit 80 extracts water from the water storage container 70, causing the residual gas in the gas phase space at the top of the water storage container 70 to expand and lower the temperature, which can adversely affect the container. Therefore, by setting up a temperature control pipeline 76, some of the water transferred between the two storage containers 70 can be introduced to the top of the water storage container 70 for spraying, allowing the water to fully contact the expanded residual hydrogen gas, thereby effectively increasing the hydrogen temperature, ensuring that the hydrogen temperature in the storage container 70 is maintained within a reasonable range, ensuring that the pressure fluctuation in the storage container 70 is small, and thus improving the utilization rate of the storage container 70.

[0118] like Figure 1 As shown, each liquid phase pipeline 77 is equipped with a liquid phase valve 771. The liquid phase valve 771 can be a one-way valve. When the liquid phase valve 771 is open, only water is allowed to enter the storage container 70.

[0119] Alternatively, in other embodiments, the liquid phase valve 771 may be a one-way regulating valve to regulate the flow rate of water entering the storage container 70 as needed.

[0120] Alternatively, in other embodiments, a flow regulating valve can be provided on the temperature control pipeline 76 to adjust the water flow rate of the temperature control pipeline 76 according to the temperature in each storage container 70, so as to ensure that the hydrogen temperature in each storage container 70 is maintained within a reasonable range.

[0121] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the device includes a drain pressure reducing valve 81, which can be installed on a pipeline connected to the outlet pipeline 74 at the bottom of each storage container 70. By installing the drain pressure reducing valve 81, the pressure of the water drained from the storage container 70 can be reduced as needed, and the water is then transferred by the second power component 80. This avoids excessively high pressure on the inlet side of the second power component 80, i.e., the water pump, ensuring stable operation of the device.

[0122] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the device includes a first heat exchanger 41 disposed between a first container 20 and a second container 30, and connected in series with a first power unit 40. The first heat exchanger 41 is used to exchange heat with the water transferred between the first container 20 and the second container 30. Thus, by providing the first heat exchanger 41, the water transferred between the first container 20 and the second container 30 can be cooled or heated as needed, ensuring reliable operation of the device.

[0123] For example, when the first container 20 drains water at a high temperature, the water can be cooled down by the first heat exchanger 41 to prevent the high-temperature water from entering the second container 30 which stores low-pressure hydrogen, thus avoiding an increase in the amount of hydrogen dissolved in the water. This helps to reduce the amount of hydrogen residue and improve the hydrogen utilization rate.

[0124] Alternatively, if the project site is located in a northern region where winter temperatures are low, the inner surface of the first water storage container 20 may freeze, affecting its use. In this case, the water can be heated by the first heat exchanger 41 to prevent the inner surface of the water storage container from freezing or melting.

[0125] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the device includes a first gas-liquid separator 42, which is disposed between the first container 20 and the second container 30 and connected in series with the first power component 40. The first gas-liquid separator 42 is used to separate water and gas in the water transferred between the first container 20 and the second container 30. In this embodiment, by providing the first gas-liquid separator 42, the amount of dissolved hydrogen in the water can be reduced, thereby improving the hydrogen compression efficiency.

[0126] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the device includes a second heat exchanger 82, which is disposed between the water storage container 70 and the other storage containers 70, and is connected in series with the second power unit 80. The second heat exchanger 82 is used to exchange heat between any two storage containers 70. Thus, by providing the second heat exchanger 82, the water transferred between any two storage containers 70 can be cooled or heated as needed, ensuring reliable operation of the device.

[0127] For example, when the drainage temperature of the storage container 70 is high, the water can be cooled down by the second heat exchanger 82 to prevent high-temperature water from entering the storage container 70 containing high-pressure hydrogen, which would lead to an increase in the amount of hydrogen dissolved in the water. This would help reduce the amount of hydrogen residue and improve the hydrogen supply rate.

[0128] Alternatively, if the project site is located in a northern region where winter temperatures are low, the inner surface of the water storage container 70 may freeze, affecting its use. In this case, the water can be heated by the second heat exchanger 82 to prevent the inner surface of the water storage container from freezing or melting.

[0129] See Figure 1In one embodiment, the device includes a second gas-liquid separator 83, which is disposed between the water storage container 70 and the other storage containers 70, and is connected in series with the second power unit 80. The second gas-liquid separator 83 is used to separate water and liquid vapor in water transferred between any two storage containers 70. In this embodiment, by providing the second gas-liquid separator 83, the dissolved hydrogen in the water can be reduced, the water intake can be increased, and thus the hydrogen supply rate can be improved.

[0130] Furthermore, an air bladder 84 can be connected to the gas outlet of the second gas-liquid separator 83. The air bladder 84 can store the small amount of hydrogen separated by the second gas-liquid separator 83, thereby maintaining a constant pressure in the second gas-liquid separator 83 and preventing pressure fluctuations due to possible fluctuations in liquid level. This, in turn, ensures a constant pressure on the inlet side of the second power component 80, i.e., the water pump, and ensures stable system operation.

[0131] It should be noted that in this application, there is at least one first container 20 and at least one second container 30, and the first container 20 and the second container 30 must be set up one-to-one, that is, one first container 20 must correspond to one second container 30. A first container 20 may include multiple storage tanks, and a second container 30 may also include multiple storage tanks, but the total volume of a first container 20 is the same as or approximately the same as the total volume of a second container 30.

[0132] In this application, the volume of a storage container 70 relative to a first container 20 or a second container 30 may be the same or different from that of a first container 20, but both have the same pressure resistance. A storage container 70 may include multiple storage tanks, and the total volume of each storage container 70 is the same or substantially the same.

[0133] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device of this application embodiment can operate in three modes, as follows: In the accompanying drawings, blue arrows indicate the flow of low-pressure hydrogen, purple arrows indicate the flow of compressed hydrogen, red arrows indicate the flow of high-pressure hydrogen, green arrows indicate the flow of water, and dashed lines indicate control signals.

[0134] See Figure 2The following description uses an example device comprising a first container 20, a second container 30, and six storage containers 70A, 70B, 70C, 70D, 70E, and 70F. The first container 20 is pre-stored with water, and the second container 30 is pre-stored with low-pressure hydrogen. Storage container 70A is pre-stored with water, storage container 70B is pre-stored with high-pressure hydrogen, storage container 70C is pre-stored with low-pressure hydrogen, and storage containers 70D, 70E, and 70F are empty.

[0135] 1. Hydrogen pressurization operation

[0136] In the hydrogen production equipment 100, one stream of low-pressure hydrogen enters the first container 20 via the hydrogen filling pipeline 10. Simultaneously, the first power unit 40 is activated, causing water in the first container 20 to flow sequentially through the first drain pipeline 23, the first heat exchanger 41, the first gas-liquid separator 42, and the first power unit 40, before being injected into the second container 30 via the second water inlet pipeline 34. As the water injection continuously occupies the hydrogen space within the second container 30, the hydrogen is compressed. When the hydrogen pressure in the second container 30 is lower than the pressure in the storage container 70C, the hydrogen is trapped within the second container 30 and continues to be compressed, causing the pressure to gradually increase. When the hydrogen pressure in the second container 30 is higher than the pressure in the storage container 70C, the device automatically controls the opening of the second outlet valve 321 and the first gas phase valve 711 of the storage container 70C. The compressed hydrogen can then be discharged into the storage container 70C via the second outlet pipeline 32, the hydrogen output pipeline 50, and the first gas phase pipeline 71, causing the pressure in the storage container 70C to gradually increase.

[0137] If the pressure in the storage container 70C has reached the high-pressure hydrogen pressure before the hydrogen in the second container 30 has been completely discharged, the device can automatically control the closure of the first gas phase valve 711 at the top of the storage container 70C and simultaneously open the hydrogen supply valve 91. At this time, the hydrogen in the second container 30 can be pushed directly through the hydrogen supply pipeline 90 to the hydrogen-using equipment 200.

[0138] When the hydrogen in the second container 30 is completely vented, a state switch is required, meaning the second container 30 is filled with water, and the first container 20 is filled with low-pressure hydrogen. At this time, the device automatically closes the first drain valve 231 of the first container 20 while simultaneously opening the first water inlet valve 241, and opens the pressure equalization valve 25 to equalize the pressure in both containers, completing the state switch. After a delay, the second drain valve 331 of the second container 30 is opened, and the hydrogen compression process described above can be repeated.

[0139] It is worth noting that in this application, hydrogen compression is achieved by using a first power component 40, i.e., a water pump, to drive water to transfer and inject water into a closed second container 30. Due to the direct contact between water and hydrogen, and the characteristics of water's high specific heat, high density, and high latent heat of vaporization, a highly approximately isothermal compression process of hydrogen can be achieved. In contrast, traditional hydrogen compressors cannot achieve isothermal compression in each stage but rather approximately adiabatic compression.

[0140] Hydrogen can be considered an ideal gas, and its compression work follows the formula:

[0141] Isothermal compression work W iso =nRT1ln P2 / P1

[0142] Adiabatic compression work W adi =k / (k-1)nRT1

(P2 / P1) (K-1) / K -1

[0143] Where k is the adiabatic index, and for diatomic gases k = 1.4. P1 is the pressure before compression, P2 is the pressure after compression, T1 is the temperature before compression, and n is the molar flow rate.

[0144] Then W iso / W adi =nRT1ln(P2 / P1) / {k / (k-1)nRT1

(P2 / P1) (K-1) / K -1

(P2 / P1) (K-1) / K -1

[0145] Therefore, when P2 / P1 = 3, W iso / W adi =0.8513. When P2 / P1 = 4, W iso / W adi =0.815. In other words, the higher the single-stage pressure ratio, the more obvious the advantages of isothermal compression.

[0146] For example, considering that the isentropic efficiency and mechanical efficiency of water pumps are generally higher than those of compressors and there is no compressor cooler resistance, when the pressure ratio is 3, the solution in this application saves about 17%-20% of power compared with the traditional hydrogen compressor compression solution.

[0147] 2. Hydrogen storage conditions

[0148] Of the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 100, another stream of low-pressure hydrogen enters an empty storage container 70, such as storage container 70D, via storage pipeline 60. The pressure in storage container 70D gradually increases until it reaches the low-pressure hydrogen pressure, at which point the filling of storage container 70D is complete. The device can then repeat this process to sequentially fill other empty containers, such as storage containers 70E and 70F, with low-pressure hydrogen.

[0149] The process of filling storage container 70D with low-pressure hydrogen can be carried out simultaneously with the process of pressurizing storage container 70C to high-pressure hydrogen. The device can control the timing of the two processes to make the process more continuous, practical, and efficient.

[0150] For example, when storage container 70D is filled with low-pressure hydrogen, storage container 70C is simultaneously pressurized to high-pressure hydrogen pressure. At this point, the device can automatically switch to filling storage container 70D with compressed hydrogen, allowing storage container 70D to be pressurized to high-pressure hydrogen pressure. It can be understood that the device can repeat this process to fill other storage containers 70E, 70F, etc., which are filled with low-pressure hydrogen, with compressed hydrogen, thus enabling the device to sequentially fill multiple storage containers 70 with high-pressure hydrogen.

[0151] It is understandable that when the downstream hydrogen-using equipment 200 consumes a small amount of hydrogen, this high-pressure hydrogen can be stored in each storage container 70 for use by the hydrogen production equipment 100 when the hydrogen production is at a low load.

[0152] 3. Gas supply conditions

[0153] When the downstream hydrogen-consuming equipment 200 consumes a large amount of hydrogen, the insufficient high-pressure hydrogen can be supplemented by the storage containers 70. At this time, the water in storage container 70A, under the action of the second power unit 80, flows sequentially through the liquid outlet pipe 74 at the bottom of storage container 70A, the drain pressure reducing valve 81, the second gas-liquid separator 83, the second heat exchanger 82, and the second power unit 80. Most of the water then enters storage container 70B through the liquid inlet pipe 75 at the bottom of storage container 70B, pushing the high-pressure hydrogen in storage container 70B horizontally into the hydrogen supply line 90 to supply the hydrogen-consuming equipment 200. A small portion of the water returns to storage container 70A via the temperature control pipe 76 and the liquid phase pipe 77 at the top of storage container 70A for spraying, ensuring that the hydrogen temperature in storage container 70A is maintained within a reasonable range.

[0154] As the liquid level in storage container 70A gradually decreases to zero while the liquid level in storage container 70B gradually increases from zero to near full level, storage container 70B becomes full of water, and storage container 70A becomes empty. The device can then repeat the aforementioned high-pressure hydrogen supply process, transferring the water in storage container 70B to storage container 70C, enabling storage container 70C to supply high-pressure hydrogen, thereby achieving continuous output of high-pressure hydrogen.

[0155] Meanwhile, the device can repeat the low-pressure hydrogen storage process described above to fill the storage container 70A with low-pressure hydrogen.

[0156] It is worth noting that in this application, the above three operating conditions can be carried out simultaneously, and their completion times can be consistent. For example, the process of the storage container 70B supplying high-pressure hydrogen can be carried out simultaneously with the process of the storage container 70C pressurizing to high-pressure hydrogen pressure and the process of the storage container 70D filling with low-pressure hydrogen. Furthermore, the device can control the process to ensure that the three processes occur at the same time, thereby improving the process continuity, practicality, and operating efficiency of the device.

[0157] For example, suppose the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 100 is at a low pressure P1 and a temperature T1; the downstream hydrogen consumption equipment 200 requires hydrogen at a pressure of P2, and the volume of a first container 20 or a second container 30 is V. C A storage container with a volume of 70 V B Each time the first container 20 is switched, the hydrogen residual rate is β. After the storage container 70 is filled, the temperature rises slightly to temperature T2, and the temperature rise is the same for low-pressure filling and high-pressure filling. The exhaust volume of the first container 20 after n switches is nV. C P1(1-β)273 / T1, storage container pressure P2=

V B P1(273 / T2)+nV C P1(1-β)(273 / T1)

[0158] From the above formula, it can be seen that when the volume of a first container 20 and a storage container 70 are the same, if a single switching of a storage container 70 and an integer multiple switching of a first container 20 are performed simultaneously, the compression ratio P2 / P1 after filling a storage container 70 ≈ the number of switching times of a first container 20 + 1. Therefore, it can be seen that when the volume of a single first container 20 and a single storage container 70 are the same, an integer pressure ratio allows a single switching of a storage container 70 and an integer multiple switching of a first container 20 to be performed simultaneously. To ensure that low-pressure hydrogen filling and high-pressure hydrogen filling of the storage container 70 are completed simultaneously, the following must be satisfied: Low-pressure hydrogen flow rate entering the storage pipeline 60 / Low-pressure hydrogen flow rate entering the hydrogen filling pipeline 10 = (P2 - P1) / (P1 - P2) / (P2 - P1 ... i ), where P i The storage container is initially filled with low-pressure hydrogen at a residual pressure of 70%.

[0159] The pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device and system of this application embodiment are driven by a first power component and achieve the purpose of compressing the low-pressure hydrogen in the second sealed container by injecting water into it. Furthermore, the first power component also drives the compressed hydrogen in the second container downstream to the storage container, where it mixes with the low-pressure hydrogen, gradually increasing the hydrogen pressure in the storage container to the high-pressure hydrogen pressure required for hydrogen use, thus completing the hydrogen pressurization process. In addition, the system uses a second power component as the drive and water as the driving medium to sequentially supply high-pressure hydrogen to multiple storage containers. Therefore, the pressurization, storage, and supply processes of this system do not require the use of expensive hydrogen compressors, resulting in better safety, lower power consumption, higher reliability, and a significant reduction in cost.

[0160] The pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device and system in this application embodiment can steplessly adjust the hydrogen flow rate by adjusting the flow rate of the first power component and the second power component, namely the water pump. Compared with the traditional reciprocating compressor which only relies on the top opening valve for adjustment, it has greater operational flexibility, a larger adjustment range, higher pressurization efficiency, and a higher hydrogen supply rate.

[0161] The pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device and system in this application embodiment organically combines the low-pressure hydrogen compression process with the low-pressure hydrogen storage process, as well as the low-pressure hydrogen pressurization process and the high-pressure hydrogen supply process. This results in better process continuity, stronger practicality, and higher operating efficiency. Furthermore, each storage container has a small amount of residual hydrogen during each filling and discharging process, leading to higher utilization of the storage containers and saving on storage container investment costs.

[0162] The pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device and system in this application embodiment can, during the filling or supplying process, use only one storage container to hold water and circulate it among multiple storage containers, thereby effectively improving system operating efficiency, reducing system footprint, and lowering the investment cost of water storage containers.

[0163] The pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device and system in this application embodiment are interconnected by a pipeline between a first container and a second container, and the transfer of water between the first and second containers achieves hydrogen compression. Multiple storage containers are also interconnected by pipelines, and the transfer of water between any two storage containers enables the supply of high-pressure hydrogen. Because the water operates within a closed pipeline, it does not come into contact with air, thus effectively preventing corrosion of the inner walls of the containers and extending their service life.

[0164] The pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device and system in this application embodiment can be equipped with a liquid inlet spray structure on the top of each storage container. This effectively prevents excessive temperature rise and fall caused by pressure changes within the storage tank, ensuring system safety and avoiding situations where temperature fluctuations of the hydrogen inside the storage container threaten its safe operation or reduce its hydrogen storage efficiency. Furthermore, by controlling the temperature fluctuation of the storage container within a small range, the pressure fluctuation within the storage container can be minimized, improving the utilization rate of the storage container.

[0165] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples of structures. The structures in each embodiment are not fixed combinations. In the absence of structural conflicts, the structures in multiple embodiments can be arbitrarily combined and used.

[0166] Although the present invention has been described with reference to several typical embodiments, it should be understood that the terminology used is descriptive and exemplary, and not restrictive. Since the present invention can be embodied in many forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the invention, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be interpreted broadly within the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims. Therefore, all variations and modifications falling within the scope of the claims or their equivalents should be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device, characterized by comprising: include: A hydrogen filling line is used to connect to a hydrogen production device to receive low-pressure hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device. A first container and a second container are connected to the hydrogen charging pipeline. The first container is pre-stored with water, and the second container is pre-stored with low-pressure hydrogen. A first power component is disposed between the first container and the second container; During pressurization, the first container can receive low-pressure hydrogen through the hydrogen filling pipeline, and at the same time, the first power unit can transfer water in the first container to the second container to compress the low-pressure hydrogen in the second container. A hydrogen output line connects the first container and the second container to receive compressed hydrogen. A storage pipeline is provided in parallel with the hydrogen charging pipeline. The storage pipeline is used to connect to the hydrogen production equipment to receive low-pressure hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment. Multiple storage containers, each of which is connected to the storage pipeline and the hydrogen output pipeline respectively, to receive low-pressure hydrogen through the storage pipeline or to receive compressed hydrogen through the hydrogen output pipeline, wherein at least one of the storage containers is pre-stored with water and at least one of the storage containers is pre-stored with low-pressure hydrogen. The second power unit is disposed between the water storage container and the other storage containers; During hydrogen storage, the hydrogen output pipeline can deliver compressed hydrogen to the storage container containing low-pressure hydrogen, so that the low-pressure hydrogen in the storage container becomes high-pressure hydrogen. When supplying gas, the second power unit can transfer water from the water storage container to the storage container containing high-pressure hydrogen, so that the storage container can supply high-pressure hydrogen to the outside.

2. The supercharged hydrogen storage and supply device according to claim 1, wherein The first container is connected to a first inlet pipe and a first outlet pipe, and the second container is connected to a second inlet pipe and a second outlet pipe. The first inlet pipe and the second inlet pipe are respectively connected to the hydrogen charging pipeline, and the first outlet pipe and the second outlet pipe are respectively connected to the hydrogen output pipeline. The first intake pipe is equipped with a first intake valve, and the first outlet pipe is equipped with a first outlet valve. The second intake pipe is equipped with a second intake valve, and the second outlet pipe is equipped with a second outlet valve.

3. The supercharged hydrogen storage and supply device according to claim 1, wherein The first container is connected to a first drain pipe and a first inlet pipe, and the second container is connected to a second drain pipe and a second inlet pipe. The first drain pipe is connected to the second inlet pipe, and the second drain pipe is connected to the first inlet pipe. The first drain pipe is equipped with a first drain valve, and the first inlet pipe is equipped with a first inlet valve; A second drain valve is provided on the second drain pipe, and a second inlet valve is provided on the second inlet pipe.

4. The supercharged hydrogen storage and supply device according to claim 1, wherein The device includes a pressure equalization valve disposed between the first container and the second container, the pressure equalization valve being used to equalize the gas phase pressure of the first container and the second container.

5. The supercharged hydrogen storage and supply device according to claim 1, wherein It includes a first heat exchanger, which is disposed between the first container and the second container and connected in series with the first power component. The first heat exchanger is used to exchange heat with the water transferred between the first container and the second container.

6. The pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device according to claim 1, wherein It includes a first gas-liquid separator, which is disposed between the first container and the second container and connected in series with the first power component. The first gas-liquid separator is used to separate water and gas in the water transferred between the first container and the second container.

7. The pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by, Each of the storage containers is connected to a first gas phase pipeline, a second gas phase pipeline and a third gas phase pipeline respectively. Each first gas phase pipeline is connected to the hydrogen output pipeline, each second gas phase pipeline is connected to the storage pipeline, and each third gas phase pipeline is used to connect to the downstream hydrogen-using equipment. Each of the first gas phase pipelines is equipped with a first gas phase valve, each of the second gas phase pipelines is equipped with a second gas phase valve, and each of the third gas phase pipelines is equipped with a third gas phase valve.

8. The pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by, Each of the storage containers is connected to an outlet pipe and an inlet pipe at its bottom, and the outlet pipe of any one of the storage containers is connected to the inlet pipe of the other storage containers. Each of the liquid outlet pipes is equipped with a liquid outlet valve, and each of the liquid inlet pipes is equipped with a liquid inlet valve.

9. The supercharged hydrogen storage and supply device according to claim 8, wherein It includes a temperature control pipeline, the inlet end of which is connected to each of the liquid outlet pipelines; Each of the storage containers is connected to a liquid phase pipeline at its top, and the outlet of the temperature control pipeline is connected to each of the liquid phase pipelines, so that water transferred between any two storage containers can partially enter the top of each storage container for spraying via the temperature control pipeline. Each of the liquid phase pipelines is equipped with a liquid phase valve.

10. The pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by, It includes a second heat exchanger, which is disposed between the water storage container and the other storage containers and is connected in series with the second power unit. The second heat exchanger is used to exchange heat on water transferred between any two of the storage containers.

11. The pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by, It includes a second gas-liquid separator, which is disposed between the water storage container and the other storage containers and is connected in series with the second power component. The second gas-liquid separator is used to separate water and gas in water transferred between any two of the storage containers.

12. The pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by, The system includes a hydrogen supply pipeline, one end of which is connected to the first container and the second container, and the other end of which is used to connect to downstream hydrogen-using equipment. The hydrogen supply pipeline is connected in parallel with the hydrogen output pipeline and is used to supply compressed hydrogen that has not been completely discharged from the second container or the first container to the hydrogen-using equipment.

13. The supercharged hydrogen storage and supply device according to claim 12, wherein Each of the storage containers is connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline so that the high-pressure hydrogen supplied by each of the storage containers can flow into the hydrogen supply pipeline.

14. The pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by, Includes a pressure relief pipeline, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the hydrogen output pipeline and the storage pipeline, and the pressure relief pipeline is used to allow a portion of the compressed hydrogen to enter the storage pipeline; The pressure relief pipeline is equipped with a pressure relief and pressure reducing valve.

15. A pressurized hydrogen storage and supply system, characterized by, It includes a hydrogen production device and a pressurized hydrogen storage and supply device as described in any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the outlet end of the hydrogen production device is connected in parallel to the hydrogen filling pipeline and the storage pipeline.

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