一种用于氢燃料电池车辆的余热回收制冷系统
By using an ammonia refrigeration system in hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, the heat from the fuel cell is used to drive ammonia refrigeration, which solves the problems of high energy consumption and environmental protection of traditional refrigeration systems, and achieves efficient waste heat utilization and improved driving range.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NINGBO HUADUN NEW ENERGY TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-17
AI Technical Summary
Traditional hydrogen fuel cell vehicles require a large amount of electricity for their cooling systems, resulting in reduced driving range. Furthermore, Freon refrigerant is not environmentally friendly, and the heat generated by the fuel cell is not effectively utilized, leading to energy waste.
The system employs an ammonia refrigeration system, which uses the heat generated by the hydrogen fuel cell to drive the phase change of concentrated ammonia water, and utilizes the liquefaction of ammonia gas for cooling. Combined with a water-cooled unit and a cooling fan, it achieves refrigeration, reduces energy consumption, and improves environmental performance.
It effectively reduces the power consumption of the refrigeration system, improves the driving range of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and reduces environmental pollution by using ammonia refrigerant, achieving efficient utilization of waste heat.
Smart Images
Figure CN224519887U_ABST
Abstract
Claims
1. A waste heat recovery refrigeration system for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, comprising a power battery (1), a first water-cooled unit (2) exchanging heat with the power battery (1), a fuel cell (3), and a second water-cooled unit (4) exchanging heat with the fuel cell (3), characterized in that: The first water-cooled unit (2) is equipped with a first radiator (5), and the second water-cooled unit (4) is equipped with a second radiator (6). An ammonia refrigeration system is provided between the first radiator (5) and the second radiator (6). The ammonia refrigeration system includes a heat exchanger (7), a gas-liquid separator (8), a compressor (9), a condenser (10), an expansion valve (11), an evaporator (12), a compressor (2) (13), an absorber (14), and a solution pump (15) connected in sequence. 2) The first radiator (5) and the condenser (10) are stacked in sequence. The evaporator (12) is provided with a cooling fan (16) that blows air to the first radiator (5) and the condenser (10) in sequence on the side away from the condenser (10). The inlet (17) and one of the outlets (18) of the gas-liquid separator (8) are connected in series between the heat exchanger (7) and the compressor (9). The other outlet (18) of the gas-liquid separator (8) is connected between the absorber (14) and the compressor (2) (13).
2. A waste heat recovery refrigeration system for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Solution pump 1 (15) is used to draw concentrated ammonia water from absorber (14) to heat exchanger (7). Heat exchanger (7) absorbs heat from second radiator (6) and decomposes concentrated ammonia water into ammonia gas and dilute ammonia water. They are separated by gas-liquid separator (8). Dilute ammonia water enters absorber (14) through gas-liquid separator (8). Ammonia gas enters condenser (10) through compressor 1 (9) to be converted into liquid ammonia. Liquid ammonia enters evaporator 1 (12) after passing through expansion valve 1 (11) and is converted into ammonia gas in evaporator 1 (12). Ammonia gas flows back to absorber (14) through compressor 2 (13) and mixes with dilute ammonia water in absorber (14) to form concentrated ammonia water.
3. A waste heat recovery refrigeration system for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A first passage (19) is connected in parallel to the compressor (9), and a first on / off valve (20) is connected in series to the first passage (19).
4. The waste heat recovery refrigeration system for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by: A second passage (21) is connected in parallel to the compressor (13), and a second on / off valve (22) is connected in series to the second passage (21).
5. A waste heat recovery refrigeration system for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Evaporator 2 (23) is connected in parallel to evaporator 1 (12), and expansion valve 2 (24) is connected in series at the inlet of evaporator 2 (23).
6. A waste heat recovery refrigeration system for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outlet of the condenser (10) is connected to a diversion valve (25), and the two outlets (26) of the diversion valve (25) are respectively connected to the inlet of expansion valve (11) and expansion valve (24).
7. A waste heat recovery refrigeration system for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle as set forth in claim 5, characterized in that: Evaporator 2 (23) is equipped with a cooling fan (27) for blowing cool air into the vehicle's passenger space.
8. A waste heat recovery refrigeration system for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first water-cooled unit (2) includes a first circulating water circuit (28) integrated in the power battery (1), a first radiator (5) connected in series in the first circulating water circuit (28), and a solution pump (29) connected in series in the first circulating water circuit (28) for driving the cooling water in the first circulating water circuit (28) to circulate.
9. A waste heat recovery refrigeration system for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The second water-cooled unit (4) includes a second circulating water circuit (30) integrated into the fuel cell (3), a second radiator (6) connected in series with the second circulating water circuit (30), and a solution pump three (31) connected in series with the second circulating water circuit (30) for driving the cooling water circulation in the second circulating water circuit (30).
10. The waste heat recovery refrigeration system for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles of claim 1 or 2, wherein: Alumina nanoparticles are added to concentrated aqueous ammonia.