A 100kW manual grid-connected / off-grid switching cabinet for photovoltaic and energy storage systems

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of grid-connected / off-grid switching technology, and discloses a 100kW manual grid-connected / off-grid switching cabinet for a photovoltaic-storage system. It includes a grid-side circuit, which comprises an Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) module. The output of the ATS module is connected to other equipment circuits, client equipment circuits, and energy storage and photovoltaic-storage system circuits, respectively. Composed of one main circuit and three branch circuits, the grid-connected / off-grid switching cabinet highly integrates various components such as meters, sensors, ATS, AC contactors, AC miniature circuit breakers, AC circuit breakers, and molded case circuit breakers, resulting in a more compact overall design that saves space and reduces the need for additional cabinets.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of grid-connected and off-grid switching technology, and in particular to a 100kW manual grid-connected and off-grid switching cabinet optical storage system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the existing technology in the field of grid-connected and off-grid switching cabinets mainly focuses on achieving reliable switching between the power grid and independent power sources (such as diesel generators, small wind turbines, etc.) to ensure uninterrupted power supply to critical loads during grid failures or power outages. However, with the rapid development of renewable energy and the increasing demand for energy management, existing grid-connected and off-grid switching cabinet systems still need improvement in terms of enhancing integration and intelligence, reducing maintenance costs, improving economic efficiency and environmental friendliness, and increasing the flexibility and reliability of energy dispatch.

[0003] Data shows that while existing grid-connected / off-grid switching cabinet systems functionally achieve grid-connected and off-grid switching, their integration and intelligence levels are relatively low. The connections and coordination between components are not tight enough, resulting in a large overall system size and complex installation and maintenance. Furthermore, existing grid-connected / off-grid switching cabinet systems still have certain shortcomings in equipment status monitoring, fault early warning, and energy management.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN120222473A discloses a "parallel-to-offline switching control circuit and parallel-to-offline switching cabinet". This circuit uses a parallel-to-offline switching control circuit to achieve manual operation via buttons, allowing control of the opening and closing of any controlled frame circuit breaker in the parallel-to-offline switching cabinet. A detection unit detects whether there is power on the local AC bus of the parallel-to-offline switching cabinet to determine whether the other frame circuit breaker has already opened before closing. If the other frame circuit breaker has not opened, the controlled frame circuit breaker is automatically locked, preventing it from closing. Even if the user misoperates, the controlled frame circuit breaker will not actually close. However, this technical solution lacks overall equipment status monitoring, fault early warning, and energy management. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This utility model mainly solves the technical problem that the original technical solution lacks overall monitoring of equipment status, fault early warning and energy management. It provides a 100kW manual grid-connected and off-grid switchgear photovoltaic-storage system. Through the control connection of the grid-side circuit with other equipment circuits, customer equipment circuits and energy storage system circuits, the 100kW manual grid-connected and off-grid switchgear photovoltaic-storage system can realize independent and complete control of control, customer demand and energy storage.

[0006] The aforementioned technical problems of this utility model are mainly solved by the following technical solution: This utility model includes a grid-side circuit, which includes an automatic transfer switch (ATS) module. The output terminals of the ATS module are respectively connected to other equipment circuits, client equipment circuits, and energy storage system and photovoltaic-storage system circuits. It consists of one main circuit and three branch circuits, and the off-grid switching cabinet highly integrates various components such as meters, sensors, ATS automatic transfer switches, AC contactors, AC miniature circuit breakers, AC circuit breakers, and molded case circuit breakers, making the overall design more compact, saving space and reducing the need for additional cabinets.

[0007] Preferably, the grid-side circuit includes an AC miniature circuit breaker. One end of the AC miniature circuit breaker is connected to the power input terminal, and the other end is connected to the input terminal of a current transformer and the power meter on the grid side. The output terminal of the current transformer is connected to the input terminal of an automatic transfer switch (ATS). The automatic transfer switch (ATS) is a power switching device that allows manual switching to a backup power supply in case of a main power failure, ensuring continuous power supply to the load.

[0008] Preferably, the other equipment circuits include a first AC miniature circuit breaker, a second AC miniature circuit breaker, and a third AC miniature circuit breaker, which are respectively connected to the output terminals of the automatic transfer switch (ATS). The output terminals of the first AC miniature circuit breaker, the second AC miniature circuit breaker, and the third AC miniature circuit breaker are connected to other equipment including a cooling fan and a temperature sensor.

[0009] Preferably, the client equipment circuit includes a backup AC circuit breaker connected to the outgoing terminal of the automatic transfer switch (ATS), and the outgoing terminal of the backup AC circuit breaker is connected to the client's required equipment.

[0010] Preferably, the energy storage system and photovoltaic-storage system circuit include an AC contactor connected to the output terminal of the automatic transfer switch (ATS). The output terminals of the AC contactor are respectively connected to the air-cooled system circuit and the photovoltaic system circuit. An AC contactor is an automated switching device used to connect or disconnect a loaded AC main circuit or a high-capacity control circuit; it internally contains an electromagnetic coil and a set of contacts. When the electromagnetic coil is energized, it generates a magnetic field, causing the contacts to close or open, thereby controlling the on / off state of the backup power circuit.

[0011] Preferably, the air-cooled system circuit includes an AC circuit breaker for the energy storage device connected to the output terminal of the AC contactor, and the output terminal of the AC circuit breaker for the energy storage device is connected to the energy storage cabinet of the air-cooled system. The AC circuit breaker for the energy storage device is connected to the energy storage device and serves as a switching device with protective functions.

[0012] Preferably, the photovoltaic system circuit includes a second current transformer connected to the output terminal of the AC contactor and a load-side energy meter. The output terminal of the second current transformer is connected to the input terminal of the photovoltaic AC circuit breaker, and the output terminal of the photovoltaic AC circuit breaker is connected to a photovoltaic system composed of a photovoltaic inverter and photovoltaic modules.

[0013] Preferably, the system also includes a power-on alarm indicator, a running alarm indicator, and an emergency stop button located on the grid-connected / off-grid switching cabinet. The power-on alarm indicator displays the power-on alarm fault status, the running alarm indicator displays the running alarm fault status, and when an abnormality occurs, pressing the emergency stop button will stop the grid-connected / off-grid switching cabinet from operation.

[0014] Preferably, the system also includes a first grounding point and a second grounding point respectively located on the front and rear sides of the grid-connected switching cabinet. These serve as electrical connection points between the grid-connected switching cabinet and the earth, thus providing grounding protection for the switching cabinet.

[0015] Preferably, the air-cooled system circuit includes a first cooling fan and a second cooling fan installed on the inner wall of the grid-connected switching cabinet. The first cooling fan and the second cooling fan remove heat from the heat-generating components inside the cabinet.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: by controlling the grid-side circuit to other equipment circuits, customer equipment circuits, and energy storage system and photovoltaic-storage system circuits, the 100kW manual on-grid switching cabinet photovoltaic-storage system can achieve independent and complete control of control, customer demand and energy storage respectively.

[0017] Composed of one main circuit and three branch circuits, the off-grid switching cabinet highly integrates various components such as meters, sensors, ATS automatic transfer switches, AC contactors, AC miniature circuit breakers, AC circuit breakers, and molded case circuit breakers, resulting in a more compact overall design that saves space and reduces the need for additional cabinets. Furthermore, this product highly integrates the AC circuit breakers controlling the main circuit and branch circuits into the same switching cabinet, enabling unified management and monitoring through a single cabinet. This centralized management approach helps improve system coordination and response speed. The system is equipped with sensors and meters to monitor key parameters such as voltage, current, and grid status in real time, enhancing the product's high level of integration and intelligence. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a circuit principle connection structure diagram of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a 100kW manual grid-connected / off-grid switching cabinet according to this utility model.

[0020] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of a 100kW manual grid-connected / off-grid switching cabinet according to this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram, 1 is the grid-side energy meter, 2 is the load-side energy meter, 3 is the first 6P terminal block, 4 is the second 6P terminal block, 5 is the power-on alarm indicator, 6 is the operation alarm indicator, 7 is the emergency stop button, 8 is the grid-side AC circuit breaker, 9 is the standby AC circuit breaker, 10 is the automatic transfer switch, 11 is the first current transformer, 12 is the first AC miniature circuit breaker, 13 is the second AC miniature circuit breaker, 14 is the third AC miniature circuit breaker, 15 is the AC contactor, 16 is the second current transformer, 17 is the energy storage equipment AC circuit breaker, 18 is the photovoltaic AC circuit breaker, 19 is the first cooling fan, 20 is the second cooling fan, 21 is the first grounding point, and 22 is the second grounding point.

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The specific embodiments are only one preferred embodiment of this application and are only used to explain this application. They do not limit the scope of protection of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0023] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Example 1: A 100kW manual grid-connected / off-grid switching cabinet photovoltaic-storage system according to this example, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this utility model includes a grid-side circuit, which includes an Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) module. The output terminals of the ATS module are connected to other equipment circuits, client equipment circuits, and energy storage system and photovoltaic-storage system circuits, respectively. It consists of one main circuit and three branch circuits. The off-grid switching cabinet highly integrates various components such as meters, sensors, ATS, AC contactors, AC miniature circuit breakers, AC circuit breakers, and molded case circuit breakers, making the overall design more compact, saving space and reducing the need for additional cabinets.

[0025] The grid-side circuit includes an AC miniature circuit breaker 12. One end of the AC miniature circuit breaker 12 is connected to the power input terminal, and the other end is connected to the input terminal of the current transformer 11 and the grid-side energy meter 1. The output terminal of the current transformer 11 is connected to the input terminal of the automatic transfer switch 10. The automatic transfer switch 10 (ATS) is a power switching device that allows manual switching to a backup power supply in case of a main power failure, ensuring continuous power supply to the load.

[0026] Other equipment circuits include a first AC miniature circuit breaker 12, a second AC miniature circuit breaker 13, and a third AC miniature circuit breaker 14, which are respectively connected to the output terminals of the automatic transfer switch ATS10. The output terminals of the first AC miniature circuit breaker 12, the second AC miniature circuit breaker 13, and the third AC miniature circuit breaker 14 are connected to other equipment including cooling fans and temperature sensors.

[0027] The client equipment circuit includes a backup AC circuit breaker 9 connected to the outgoing terminal of the automatic transfer switch ATS10, and the outgoing terminal of the backup AC circuit breaker 9 is connected to the client's required equipment.

[0028] The energy storage system and photovoltaic-storage system circuit include an AC contactor 15 connected to the output terminal of the automatic transfer switch (ATS10). The output terminals of the AC contactor 15 are connected to the air-cooled system circuit and the photovoltaic system circuit, respectively. The AC contactor 15 is an automatic switching device used to connect or disconnect a loaded AC main circuit or a high-capacity control circuit. It contains an electromagnetic coil and a set of contacts. When the electromagnetic coil is energized, it generates a magnetic field, causing the contacts to close or open, thereby controlling the on / off state of the backup power circuit.

[0029] The air-cooled system circuit includes an AC circuit breaker 17 for the energy storage device, which is connected to the output terminal of the AC contactor 15. The output terminal of the AC circuit breaker 17 is connected to the energy storage cabinet of the air-cooled system. The AC circuit breaker 17 connects to the energy storage device and serves as a switchgear with protective functions.

[0030] The photovoltaic system circuit includes a second current transformer 16 connected to the output terminal of AC contactor 15 and a load-side energy meter 2. The output terminal of the second current transformer 16 is connected to the input terminal of photovoltaic AC circuit breaker 18. The output terminal of photovoltaic AC circuit breaker 18 is connected to a photovoltaic system composed of a photovoltaic inverter and photovoltaic modules.

[0031] It also includes a power-on alarm indicator 5, a running alarm indicator 6, and an emergency stop button 7, all located on the grid-connected / off-grid switching cabinet. The power-on alarm indicator 5 displays a power-on alarm fault status, and the running alarm indicator 6 displays a running alarm fault status. When an abnormality occurs, pressing the emergency stop button 7 will stop the grid-connected / off-grid switching cabinet. A first grounding point 21 and a second grounding point 22 are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the grid-connected / off-grid switching cabinet. These serve as electrical connection points between the grid-connected / off-grid switching cabinet and the earth, providing grounding protection for the switchgear.

[0032] The air-cooled system circuit includes a first cooling fan 19 and a second cooling fan 20 installed on the inner wall of the grid-connected switching cabinet. The first cooling fan 19 and the second cooling fan 20 are installed on the inner wall of the grid-connected switching cabinet to remove heat from the heat-generating components inside the cabinet. Example

[0033] Compared to traditional grid-connected and off-grid switching systems, this application consists of one main circuit and three branch circuits. The grid-connected and off-grid switching cabinet highly integrates various components such as meters, sensors, ATS automatic transfer switches, AC contactors, AC miniature circuit breakers, AC circuit breakers, and molded case circuit breakers, resulting in a more compact overall design. This not only saves space but also reduces the need for additional cabinets. Furthermore, this product highly integrates the AC circuit breakers controlling the main circuit and branch circuits into the same switching cabinet, allowing for unified management and monitoring through a single cabinet. This centralized management approach helps improve system coordination and response speed. The system is equipped with sensors and meters that can monitor key parameters such as voltage, current, and grid status in real time, enhancing the product's level of integration and intelligence.

[0034] The highly integrated design reduces product procurement and installation costs. Furthermore, since all key components are located in the same place, when a product fails, technicians can simply disconnect the circuit breaker controlling the corresponding circuit in the switching cabinet to perform inspection and maintenance without affecting the operation of other circuits. This eliminates the need to move between multiple locations, reducing maintenance difficulty, greatly improving maintenance efficiency, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0035] In terms of economics and environmental friendliness, the combination of photovoltaic power generation and energy storage systems allows the system to store electrical energy when sunlight is plentiful and release it when sunlight is insufficient or electricity prices are high, achieving peak-valley arbitrage, reducing dependence on the traditional power grid, lowering electricity costs, and improving the overall economic efficiency of the system through highly integrated and intelligent design. Simultaneously, photovoltaic power generation is a clean energy source, producing no pollutants or greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to reducing environmental pollution and addressing climate change. It can also provide backup power during grid instability or power outages, reducing dependence on fossil fuels, lowering carbon emissions, and enhancing the product's environmental friendliness.

[0036] In terms of flexibility, the system supports manual, automatic, and offline switching modes, allowing users to choose flexibly according to their actual needs.

[0037] Off-grid mode: Forms an independent microgrid to ensure uninterrupted operation of critical loads; Under normal circumstances, ATS modules are in off-grid mode by default. The photovoltaic side prioritizes power supply to the energy storage cabinet, and the load side receives power from the energy storage cabinet while the remaining power demand is supplemented by the photovoltaic side.

[0038] Grid-connected mode: Photovoltaic power + energy storage prioritizes supplying power to the load, with the grid serving as a backup. In this state, the ATS automatic transfer switch can manually select the master / slave priority for either the backup power source (PV + energy storage) or the primary power source (grid) to supply power to the critical load.

[0039] ATS control mode selection:

[0040] In automatic mode, press and hold the "Power Off" and "Manual / Automatic" buttons simultaneously for 5 seconds to enter the control mode selection mode. At this time, the "Main Power" and "Backup Power" indicator lights will illuminate. Press the "Main Power" button to select the control mode, and press the "Backup Power" button to confirm. After successful writing, the next time you enter the system, it will still indicate the previously saved state.

[0041] 1. Automatic / Manual Mode Selection:

[0042] In automatic mode, pressing the "Auto / Manual" button switches to manual mode, and the "Auto / Manual" indicator light remains off.

[0043] In manual mode, press the "Auto / Manual" button to switch to automatic mode; the "Auto / Manual" indicator light will remain on.

[0044] 2. Selection of primary power source (grid) / backup power source (photovoltaic + energy storage):

[0045] In manual mode, pressing the "Common" button switches the switch to the normal power supply position; in automatic mode, this button is ineffective.

[0046] In manual mode, pressing the "standby" button switches the switch to the standby power supply position; in automatic mode, this button is ineffective.

[0047] 3. Power outage position switching:

[0048] In manual mode, pressing the "Power Off" button switches the switch to the power off position. In automatic mode, this button is ineffective.

[0049] The system can dynamically adjust the power source based on actual electricity demand, weather conditions, or electricity price fluctuations, thereby improving the flexibility and efficiency of energy dispatch.

[0050] In terms of reliability, the system is equipped with an ATS automatic transfer switch and a redundancy protection mechanism;

[0051] Manual switching + ATS automatic switching provide dual backup to avoid the risk of single control failure; the ATS automatic transfer switch ensures rapid switching to backup power (off-grid mode) in the event of a grid failure, guaranteeing power supply continuity and stability.

[0052] Triple electrical protection: miniature circuit breaker (overcurrent) + molded case circuit breaker (short circuit) + contactor (shutdown isolation); can promptly cut off the circuit in case of equipment failure or overload, protecting equipment and personnel safety.

[0053] Meanwhile, the redundant design of the energy storage cabinet and photovoltaic inverter improves system reliability, ensuring that the system can still operate normally in the event of a single device failure. Multi-mode switching and redundancy design ensure that the product can adapt to complex power grid environments and extreme scenario requirements.

[0054] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples illustrating the spirit of the invention. The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of this application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art to which this application pertains can make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, but without departing from the spirit of this application or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims. For those skilled in the art, multiple variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A 100 kW manual on and off grid switch cabinet optical storage system characterized in that, It includes grid-side circuits, which include automatic transfer switch (ATS) modules. The outputs of the ATS modules are connected to other equipment circuits, customer equipment circuits, and energy storage system and photovoltaic-storage system circuits, respectively.

2. The 100 kW manual on-grid and off-grid switching cabinet optical storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grid-side circuit includes an AC miniature circuit breaker (12). One end of the AC miniature circuit breaker (12) is connected to the power input terminal, and the other end is connected to the input terminal of the current transformer (11) and the grid-side energy meter (1) respectively. The output terminal of the current transformer (11) is connected to the input terminal of the automatic transfer switch (ATS) (10).

3. The 100 kW manual on-grid and off-grid switching cabinet optical storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The other equipment circuits include a first AC miniature circuit breaker (12), a second AC miniature circuit breaker (13), and a third AC miniature circuit breaker (14) respectively connected to the output terminals of the automatic transfer switch (ATS) (10). The output terminals of the first AC miniature circuit breaker (12), the second AC miniature circuit breaker (13), and the third AC miniature circuit breaker (14) are connected to other equipment including cooling fans and temperature sensors.

4. The 100 kW manual on-grid and off-grid switching cabinet optical storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The client equipment circuit includes a standby AC circuit breaker (9) connected to the outgoing terminal of the automatic transfer switch (ATS) (10), and the outgoing terminal of the standby AC circuit breaker (9) is connected to the client equipment in need.

5. The 100 kW manual on-grid and off-grid switching cabinet optical storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The energy storage system and the photovoltaic storage system circuit include an AC contactor (15) connected to the output terminal of the automatic transfer switch (ATS) (10). The output terminals of the AC contactor (15) are respectively connected to the air-cooled system circuit and the photovoltaic system circuit.

6. A 100 kW manual on and off grid switch cabinet optical storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The air-cooled system circuit includes an AC circuit breaker (17) for the energy storage device connected to the output terminal of the AC contactor (15), and the output terminal of the AC circuit breaker (17) for the energy storage device is connected to the energy storage cabinet of the air-cooled system.

7. The 100 kW manual on-grid and off-grid switching cabinet optical storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The photovoltaic system circuit includes a second current transformer (16) connected to the output terminal of the AC contactor (15) and a load-side energy meter (2). The output terminal of the second current transformer (16) is connected to the input terminal of the photovoltaic AC circuit breaker (18). The output terminal of the photovoltaic AC circuit breaker (18) is connected to the photovoltaic system composed of a photovoltaic inverter and photovoltaic modules.

8. The 100 kW manual on-grid and off-grid switching cabinet optical storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a power-on alarm indicator (5), a running alarm indicator (6), and an emergency stop button (7) installed on the grid-connected / off-grid switching cabinet.

9. The 100 kW manual on-grid and off-grid switching cabinet optical storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first grounding point (21) and a second grounding point (22) respectively set on the front and rear sides of the grid-connected switching cabinet.

10. The 100 kW manual on-grid and off-grid switching cabinet optical storage system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The air-cooled system circuit includes a first cooling fan (19) and a second cooling fan (20) installed on the inner wall of the grid-connected / off-grid switching cabinet.

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