Grain silo
By setting up ventilation and fumigation channels and material distribution ventilation devices in the grain silos, combined with rigid connections and elastic support structures, the problems of unventilated fumigation and vibration of grain inside the central column were solved, achieving uniform ventilation and fumigation of grain and safe storage.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 湖南郴州粮油机械有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
The grain inside the central pillar of the existing grain silo is not adequately ventilated or fumigated, and the connection between the central pillar and the power platform causes vibration and swaying, posing a risk of collapse.
A ventilation and fumigation channel is installed radially at the bottom of the grain silo, connecting to the central column and the inside of the silo. A material distribution ventilation device and a material guiding structure are installed to prevent blockage. The power platform is connected to the top of the silo through a rigid connector and uses a pneumatic brake and transmission mechanism for stable operation. The material distributor is supported by an elastic structure and works with the central column to prevent shaking.
It achieves uniform ventilation and fumigation of grain inside the central pillar, preventing spoilage, eliminating the risk of shaking and collapse of the central pillar, and ensuring the ecological balance and safety of grain storage.
Smart Images
Figure CN224521811U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bulk grain storage technology, and in particular, to a grain silo. Background Technology
[0002] Grain silos are the main type of silo used for modern bulk grain storage. The grain inlet of a grain silo is located at the top of the silo. Grain enters the central column through the grain inlet and is then distributed inside the grain silo by a distributor.
[0003] Existing flexible silo equipment ventilates and fumigates the grain inside the silo during the period, but the grain in the central column is not ventilated and fumigated, which makes the grain inside the central column prone to deterioration and damage.
[0004] On the other hand, the existing flexible warehousing equipment has a rigid connection between the central column and the power platform, and an elastic connection between the power platform and the warehousing roof. When the power platform is running, there is high-altitude swaying and vibration. The vibration and swaying of the power platform causes resonance and swaying of the central column, resulting in the potential for collapse of the central column. Utility Model Content
[0005] This utility model provides a grain silo to solve the technical problem that the grain inside the central column of existing grain silos is not adequately ventilated and fumigated.
[0006] According to one aspect of this utility model, a grain silo is provided, including a silo, a silo top, a central column, a power platform, and a feeder. A ventilation and fumigation channel is radially arranged at the bottom of the silo, and the ventilation and fumigation channel is respectively connected to the central column, the interior of the silo, and the side wall of the silo. The top of the central column is connected to the feed inlet of the silo top. A material distribution ventilation device is provided inside the central column, the material distribution ventilation device including a material distribution trough arranged at a preset angle relative to the axial direction, the material distribution trough being connected to the outer wall of the central column, a ventilation structure being provided at the top of the material distribution trough, and a material guiding structure being provided at the top of the ventilation structure.
[0007] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the material guiding structure is pyramidal or conical, and the circumferential dimension of the upper edge of the ventilation structure is smaller than the circumferential dimension of the bottom of the material guiding structure.
[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the width of the ventilation structure gradually decreases from top to bottom; the width of the material distribution trough gradually increases from the inside to the outside.
[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the number of the material distribution troughs matches the number of the ventilation structures, and the sidewalls of the material distribution troughs are connected to the two sides of the ventilation structures.
[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the central column includes multiple connecting columns along the axial direction, and the top and bottom of the connecting columns located at the preset grain loading height line are respectively provided with heat insulation structures.
[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a power mechanism is provided on the power platform, and the power mechanism is connected to the material distributor via a transmission mechanism. The power mechanism drives the material distributor to lift and lower via the transmission mechanism. Connecting parts for rigid connection with the top of the silo are evenly distributed around the edge of the power platform.
[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the connecting member includes a boom, the first end of which is rigidly connected to the ring beam of the silo top, and the second end of which is rigidly connected to the power platform.
[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the power mechanism includes a pneumatic motor with a pneumatic braking structure; the transmission mechanism includes a worm gear reducer, a drive shaft, a bevel gear reducer, and multiple chain hoists. The output end of the pneumatic motor is connected to the worm gear reducer, the output end of the worm gear reducer is connected to the bevel gear reducer via the drive shaft, the output end of the bevel gear reducer is connected to the chain hoists via the drive shaft, and the worm gear reducer and the bevel gear reducer are each provided with at least two output ends.
[0014] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the bottom of the power platform is provided with a grid structure for the passage of raw grain.
[0015] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the fabric feeder is provided with a traveling wheel for cooperating with the outer wall of the central column, and an elastic support structure is provided between the traveling wheel and the fabric feeder.
[0016] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0017] The bottom of this grain silo has radially spaced ventilation and fumigation channels that connect to the central column, the interior of the silo, and the side walls of the silo. During regular ventilation and fumigation of the grain, fumigation heat is introduced through the side walls into the interior of the silo and the central column, ensuring ventilation and fumigation of the grain within both the silo and the central column. A material distribution ventilation device allows the fumigation heat to enter the central column from the bottom and then diffuse outwards through the ventilation structure, creating an ecological balance between the grain in the central column and the grain inside the silo. The material distribution ventilation device has a guiding structure at the top and a material distribution trough at the bottom. The guiding structure evenly guides the material above the ventilation structure into the material distribution trough, which connects to the outside of the central column, preventing blockage of the ventilation structure. Furthermore, it allows for the free discharge of material from the central column as needed, preventing grain accumulation and spoilage, condensation, and blockage.
[0018] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, this utility model has other objectives, features, and advantages. The present utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description
[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:
[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a grain silo according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting column for installing the material distribution ventilation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 3 This is a top view of a connecting column mounting material distribution ventilation device according to a preferred embodiment of this utility model;
[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a connecting column-mounted material distribution and ventilation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 5 This is a front view of the material distribution and ventilation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material distribution and ventilation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the power platform of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 8This is a front view of the power platform of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 9 This is a top view of the power platform of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the power mechanism and transmission mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 11 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the fabric feeder according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic support structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0032] Legend:
[0033] 1. Silo; 110. Ventilation and fumigation passage; 2. Silo top; 201. Feed inlet; 3. Central column; 310. Connecting column; 320. Material distribution and ventilation device; 321. Material distribution trough; 322. Ventilation structure; 323. Material guiding structure; 330. Discharge port; 340. Heat insulation structure; 4. Power platform; 410. Power mechanism; 420. Transmission mechanism; 421. Worm gear reducer; 422. Drive shaft; 423. Bevel gear reducer; 424. Universal joint; 425. Chain hoist; 430. Connecting piece; 440. Grid structure; 5. Material distributor; 510. Traveling wheel; 520. Elastic support structure; 521. Support rod; 522. Support spring; 530. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation
[0034] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered below.
[0035] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a grain silo according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting column for installing the material distribution ventilation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of a connecting column mounting material distribution ventilation device according to a preferred embodiment of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a connecting column-mounted material distribution and ventilation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a front view of the material distribution and ventilation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material distribution and ventilation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the power platform of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8This is a front view of the power platform of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a top view of the power platform of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the power mechanism and transmission mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the fabric feeder according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic support structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0036] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the grain silo of this embodiment includes a silo 1, a silo top 2, a central column 3, a power platform 4, and a feeder 5. A ventilation and fumigation channel 110 is provided radially at the bottom of the silo 1, and the ventilation and fumigation channel 110 is connected to the central column 3, the interior of the silo 1, and the side wall of the silo 1. The top of the central column 3 is connected to the feed inlet 201 of the silo top 2. A material distribution ventilation device 320 is provided inside the central column 3. The material distribution ventilation device 320 includes a material distribution trough 321 arranged at a preset angle relative to the axial direction. The material distribution trough 321 is connected to the outer wall of the central column 3. A ventilation structure 322 is provided at the top of the material distribution trough 321, and a material guiding structure 323 is provided at the top of the ventilation structure 322.
[0037] The working principle of this grain silo is based on the existing technology of grain silos. The raw grain enters the central column 3 from the inlet 2 on the top of the silo. The central column 3 discharges the grain in sections through the outlets 330. The feed inlet 201 of the lifting and controlling feeder 5 is aligned with the discharge outlet 330 of the central column and the program controls the automatic feeding. The feeder 5 is automatically raised and lowered by the device and program on the power platform 4.
[0038] Understandably, the bottom of the grain silo 1 has radially opened ventilation and fumigation channels 110, which connect to the central column 3, the interior of the silo 1, and the side wall of the silo 1. When the grain depot is regularly ventilated and fumigated, the fumigation heat is introduced into the interior of the silo 1 and the interior of the central column 3 through the side wall of the silo 1. The grain in the grain depot and the central column 3 are both ventilated and fumigated. By setting up a material distribution ventilation device 320, the fumigation heat enters the central column 3 through the bottom of the central column 3 and then diffuses circumferentially through the ventilation structure 322. This system ensures an ecological balance between the grain in the central column 3 and the grain inside the storage room. The top of the material distribution and ventilation device 320 is equipped with a material guiding structure 323 and the bottom is equipped with a material distribution trough 321. The material guiding structure 323 guides the material above the ventilation structure 322 to fall into the material distribution trough 321. The material distribution trough 321 is connected to the outside of the central column 3 to avoid clogging the ventilation structure 322. It can also freely discharge the material inside the central column 3 according to actual needs, preventing the grain in the central column 3 from accumulating and deteriorating, preventing condensation in the central column 3, and preventing arching and blockage.
[0039] In some embodiments, the guiding structure 323 is pyramidal or conical, and the circumferential dimension of the upper edge of the ventilation structure 322 is smaller than the circumferential dimension of the bottom of the guiding structure 323. Specifically, by constructing the guiding structure 323 as pyramidal or conical, the grain is uniformly guided to fall out of the guiding structure 323 under the action of gravity. At the same time, the circumferential dimension of the ventilation structure 322 is smaller than the circumferential dimension of the guiding structure 323, which effectively prevents the material from accumulating outside the ventilation structure 322 and ensures the ventilation and fumigation effect.
[0040] In some embodiments, the number of material distribution troughs 321 matches the number of ventilation structures 322, the sidewalls of the material distribution troughs 321 are connected to the two sides of the ventilation structures 322, and the number of material distribution troughs 321 matches the number of discharge ports 330 opened on the central column 3. For example, the central column 3 in this embodiment is square, and each side is provided with a discharge port 330. The material distribution ventilation device 320 is provided with material distribution troughs 321 corresponding to each discharge port 330. The ventilation structure 322 is square and has ventilation holes for ventilation and to prevent grain from passing through.
[0041] Among them, the width of the ventilation structure 322 gradually decreases from top to bottom so that the material distribution trough 321 connected to it is open upward, which is more conducive to receiving the grain falling from the material guiding structure 323 and has a stronger capacity; the width of the material distribution trough 321 gradually increases from the inside to the outside, so that the device can adapt to the space inside the central column 3 and make full use of the space to ensure the material distribution effect.
[0042] In some embodiments, the central column 3 includes multiple connecting columns 310 along the axial direction to facilitate production and transportation. The multiple connecting columns 310 are connected to form the central column 3. Insulation structures 340 are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the connecting columns 310 located at the preset grain loading height line. It should be noted that, because the temperature at the top of the silo is higher than the temperature of the grain inside, the high temperature at the top is transferred through the central column 3, creating a temperature difference between the central column 3 below the grain loading line and the grain, resulting in condensation, condensation, and blockage. In this embodiment, the insulation structure 340 is a polymer insulation board. The polymer insulation board reduces the temperature of the silo top 2 transferred through the central column 3 to the central column 3 below the grain loading line, solving the problem of condensation, condensation, and blockage in the central column 3. In other embodiments, the insulation structure 340 can also be implemented using an insulation layer made of other insulation materials.
[0043] In some embodiments, a power mechanism 410 is provided on the power platform 4. The power mechanism 410 is connected to the material distributor 5 via a transmission mechanism 420, and the power mechanism 410 drives the material distributor 5 to move up and down via the transmission mechanism 420. Connecting parts 430 for rigid connection with the silo top 2 are evenly distributed around the edge of the power platform 4. It should be noted that in the prior art, the power platform 4 is connected to the silo top 2 via a chain hoist, while the central column 3 is rigidly connected and passes through the power platform 4. When the power platform 4 is running, there is high-altitude swaying and vibration. The vibration and swaying of the power platform 4 causes resonance and swaying of the central column 3, resulting in the potential for collapse of the central column 3. In this embodiment, the power platform 4 is rigidly connected to the silo body via the connecting parts 430, which effectively solves the problem of high-altitude swaying and vibration when the power platform 4 is running, and avoids the resonance and swaying of the central column 3 caused by the vibration and swaying of the power platform 4.
[0044] Specifically, in this embodiment, the connector 430 includes a boom. The first end of the boom is rigidly connected to the ring beam of the silo top 2, and the second end of the boom is rigidly connected to the power platform 4. Both ends of the boom are fastened with bolts.
[0045] In some embodiments, the power mechanism 410 includes a pneumatic motor with a pneumatic brake structure; the transmission mechanism 420 includes a worm gear reducer 421, a drive shaft 422, a bevel gear reducer 423, and a plurality of chain hoists 425. The output end of the pneumatic motor is connected to the worm gear reducer 421, the output end of the worm gear reducer 421 is connected to the bevel gear reducer 423 via the drive shaft 422, the output end of the bevel gear reducer 423 is connected to the chain hoists 425 via the drive shaft 422, the worm gear reducer 421 and the bevel gear reducer 423 are respectively provided with at least two output ends, and the chain hoists 425 are connected to the pneumatic motor. The material distributor 5 is connected; by providing a corresponding air source to the pneumatic motor with brake, the pneumatic motor is driven to operate. The pneumatic motor is directly connected to the worm gear reducer. The worm gear reducer transmits power to four chain hoists 425 through the transmission shaft 422, the spiral bevel gear reducer 423, and the universal joint 424. This realizes the synchronous control of the lifting and lowering of the four chain hoists 425 under one power source, thereby controlling the lifting and lowering of the material distributor 5. It should be noted that this device achieves double self-locking. By utilizing the pneumatic brake of the pneumatic motor and the self-locking function of the worm gear reducer 421, the potential hazards of the material distributor 5 falling automatically after stopping and injuring people or damaging the material distributor 5 are prevented.
[0046] In some embodiments, the bottom of the power platform 4 is provided with a grid structure 440 for the passage of raw grain, which may be a grid plate; in the event of abnormal grain feeding, the raw grain is prevented from overflowing from the top column, passing through the grid plate of the power platform 4 and falling directly into the warehouse.
[0047] In some embodiments, reference Figure 11The fabric feeder 5 is equipped with traveling wheels 510 for engaging with the outer wall of the central column 3. An elastic support structure 520 is provided between the traveling wheels 510 and the fabric feeder 5. By providing the elastic support structure 520, the traveling wheels 510 adapt to the surface undulations of the central column 3 caused by manufacturing and assembly errors, and smoothly pass through the deformed parts. The central support frame 540 is configured as a square structure to match the central column 3, with four traveling wheels 510 on each wall surface, which are stably engaged with the central column 3.
[0048] Further reference Figure 12 The elastic support structure 520 includes a support rod 521 axially slidably connected to the central support frame 540 perpendicular to the central column 3. A support spring 522 is sleeved on the support rod 521, which keeps the traveling wheel 510 abutting against the surface of the central column 3. Specifically, the adjustment mechanism controls the position of the traveling wheel 510 by controlling the axial position of the support rod 521, resulting in a simplified structure. The elastic support structure 520 also includes an L-shaped connecting rod 530. The traveling wheel 510 is connected to the turning point of the connecting rod 530. The first end of the connecting rod 530 is hinged to the central support frame 540, and the second end of the connecting rod 530 is connected to the support frame 540. The hinged rod 521, by setting an L-shaped connecting rod 530, distributes the force generated by the interaction between the traveling wheel 510 and the central column 3 to the connection points at both ends of the connecting rod 530. This not only better supports the traveling wheel 510, but also significantly reduces the shear force on the support rod 521 during the upgrade process, thereby increasing service life and preventing damage. The central support frame 540 is equipped with a fixed seat, which has a column for hinged connection with the first end of the connecting rod 530. It should be understood that the length of the first end of the connecting rod 530 is greater than the length of the second end to match the length of the support rod 521, so that the force on both ends is relatively balanced.
[0049] Furthermore, the walking wheel 510 is an anti-static elastic wheel, specifically an anti-static rubber wheel, to avoid fire caused by hard contact and friction; in other embodiments, the surface of the elastic wheel may be provided with an anti-static layer or the elastic wheel may be made of an anti-static material; the elastic wheel may be made of rubber or other elastic materials that can achieve the same effect.
[0050] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0051] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0052] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A grain silo, comprising a silo (1), a silo roof (2), a central column (3), a power platform (4), and a feeder (5), characterized in that, The bottom of the silo (1) is provided with a ventilation and fumigation channel (110) in the radial direction. The ventilation and fumigation channel (110) is connected to the central column (3), the interior of the silo (1), and the side wall of the silo (1). The top of the central column (3) is connected to the feed inlet (201) of the silo top (2). The central column (3) is provided with a material distribution ventilation device (320). The material distribution ventilation device (320) includes a material distribution groove (321) arranged at a preset angle relative to the axial direction. The material distribution groove (321) is connected to the outer wall of the central column (3). The top of the material distribution groove (321) is provided with a ventilation structure (322). The top of the ventilation structure (322) is provided with a material guiding structure (323).
2. The grain silo according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material guiding structure (323) is pyramidal or conical, and the circumferential dimension of the upper edge of the ventilation structure (322) is smaller than the circumferential dimension of the bottom of the material guiding structure (323).
3. The grain silo according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the material distribution troughs (321) matches the number of the ventilation structures (322), and the sidewalls of the material distribution troughs (321) are connected to the two sides of the ventilation structures (322).
4. The grain silo according to claim 3, characterized in that, The width of the ventilation structure (322) gradually decreases from top to bottom; the width of the material distribution trough (321) gradually increases from the inside to the outside.
5. The grain silo according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central column (3) includes multiple connecting columns (310) along the axial direction. The top and bottom of the connecting column (310) located at the preset grain loading height line are respectively provided with heat insulation structures (340).
6. The grain silo according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power platform (4) is provided with a power mechanism (410), which is connected to the fabric distributor (5) via a transmission mechanism (420). The power mechanism (410) drives the fabric distributor (5) to move up and down via the transmission mechanism (420). Connecting parts (430) for rigid connection with the top of the bin (2) are evenly distributed around the edge of the power platform (4).
7. The grain silo according to claim 6, characterized in that, The connector (430) includes a boom, the first end of which is rigidly connected to the ring beam of the silo top (2), and the second end of which is rigidly connected to the power platform (4).
8. The grain silo according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power mechanism (410) includes a pneumatic motor with a pneumatic brake structure; the transmission mechanism (420) includes a worm gear reducer (421), a drive shaft (422), a bevel gear reducer (423), and multiple chain hoists (425). The output end of the pneumatic motor is connected to the worm gear reducer (421). The output end of the worm gear reducer (421) is connected to the bevel gear reducer (423) via the drive shaft (422). The output end of the bevel gear reducer (423) is connected to the chain hoist (425) via the drive shaft (422). The worm gear reducer (421) and the bevel gear reducer (423) are each provided with at least two output ends.
9. The grain silo according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom of the power platform (4) is provided with a grid structure (440) for the passage of raw grain.
10. The grain silo according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fabric feeder (5) is provided with a traveling wheel (510) for cooperating with the outer wall of the central column (3), and an elastic support structure (520) is provided between the traveling wheel (510) and the fabric feeder (5).