A branch and leaf pruning device for fruit growing

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of branch and leaf pruning equipment for fruit planting belongs to agricultural machinery technical field, solve the problem that existing equipment height is not flexible, laborious operation. The equipment includes pruning mechanism, knapsack type portable power supply and automatic telescopic mechanism;Automatic telescopic mechanism is composed of slide cylinder, jack, micro motor, screw rod etc., micro motor drives screw rod forward and reverse rotation, in combination with the orientation limit of guide groove and guide block, realize jack driving pruning mechanism stable lifting;Pruning mechanism is driven movable shear piece and fixed shear piece cooperation shearing by electric telescopic link;Portable power supply provides power and has shock protection. The utility model can realize 1m-2.5m height range electric adjustment, adjustment accurate, convenient operation, no need to climb operation, reduce labor intensity, adapt to different height fruit tree pruning, and durable structure, applicable to fruit planting field is widely popularized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a branch and leaf pruning device applied in the fruit planting process, and more particularly to a branch and leaf pruning equipment for fruit planting that achieves flexible height adjustment of the pruning mechanism through an automatic telescopic mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] In the fruit cultivation industry, pruning is a crucial agricultural operation that ensures ventilation and light penetration for fruit trees and promotes concentrated nutrient supply to the fruit. Currently, pruning equipment for fruit cultivation on the market is mainly divided into two categories: manual pruning tools (such as pruning shears) and electric pruning tools.

[0003] Manual pruning tools require workers to operate them by hand and are only suitable for low-growing fruit trees. When dealing with medium to tall fruit trees, workers need to use ladders, stools, and other auxiliary tools to climb to work, which is not only inefficient but also poses a safety hazard of falling from heights.

[0004] While some existing electric pruning tools are equipped with telescopic rods, most adopt a manual sleeve-type telescopic structure. When adjusting the height, workers need to use both hands to stretch or compress the telescopic rod, which is laborious and has low adjustment accuracy. It cannot achieve real-time and flexible height adjustment according to the height of branches and leaves at different locations on the fruit tree. At the same time, the telescopic stroke of the manual telescopic structure is limited, making it difficult to meet the pruning needs of fruit trees of different heights (such as 1.5m-4m).

[0005] Furthermore, the power supply of existing electric pruning equipment is mostly integrated into the machine body, resulting in a heavy machine and easy arm fatigue for workers during prolonged hand operation; moreover, the power supply has poor shock resistance and heat dissipation performance, making it prone to damage in bumpy field environments, thus affecting the service life of the equipment. In summary, existing branch and leaf pruning equipment suffers from problems such as inflexible height adjustment, inconvenient operation, low safety, and high labor intensity. There is an urgent need for a pruning device that can flexibly adjust the height of the pruning mechanism, adapt to fruit trees of different heights, and is easy to operate. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the problems of inflexible height adjustment, labor-intensive operation, low safety, and high labor intensity of existing fruit pruning equipment, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a fruit pruning device with a flexibly adjustable pruning mechanism. Through an automatic telescopic mechanism, the height of the pruning mechanism can be electrically and precisely adjusted to adapt to the pruning needs of fruit tree branches of different heights, reduce the labor intensity of workers, and improve operational safety and pruning efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a fruit planting branch and leaf pruning device with adjustable pruning mechanism height, including a pruning mechanism, a mobile power supply carried on the worker's back, and an automatic telescopic mechanism set at the bottom of the pruning mechanism.

[0008] Automatic telescopic mechanism: used to drive the trimming mechanism to rise and fall vertically to achieve height adjustment, it includes a slide cylinder and a top rod; the top rod is inserted into the slide cylinder and is slidably connected to the slide cylinder; the bottom end of the slide cylinder is fixed with a handle for the worker to hold with one hand, and the side wall of the slide cylinder is fixed with a grip for the worker to hold with the other hand, so as to facilitate the worker to operate the equipment stably.

[0009] The inner wall of the slide cylinder is symmetrically provided with a pair of guide grooves extending in the vertical direction. A micro motor is fixed to the bottom of the slide cylinder by bolts. A lead screw is rotatably installed inside the slide cylinder by a deep groove ball bearing. The bottom end of the lead screw is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the micro motor by a coupling. The micro motor can drive the lead screw to rotate forward or in reverse.

[0010] The bottom end of the slide tube is evenly provided with several heat dissipation holes to dissipate the heat generated by the micro motor during operation and prevent the motor from overheating and being damaged.

[0011] The handle is equipped with a forward / reverse switch and an electric telescopic rod switch. The forward / reverse switch is electrically connected to the micro motor and is used to control the forward rotation, reverse rotation and stop of the micro motor. The electric telescopic rod switch is electrically connected to the electric telescopic rod and is used to control the extension and retraction and stop of the electric telescopic rod.

[0012] A pair of guide blocks that match the guide groove are symmetrically fixed on the outer wall of the top rod. The guide blocks are slidably embedded in the guide groove and can slide vertically along the guide groove. They are used to limit the top rod from rotating synchronously with the lead screw and ensure that the top rod only moves up and down in the vertical direction. The bottom end of the top rod is provided with an internal threaded hole that matches the lead screw. The end of the lead screw away from the micro motor is screwed into the threaded hole, forming a lead screw and nut transmission mechanism.

[0013] Pruning mechanism: used to prune branches and leaves, including a fixed shearing plate fixed to the top of the top rod, and a movable shearing plate movably hinged to the middle of the fixed shearing plate via a pivot. The movable shearing plate can rotate around the pivot and cooperate with the fixed shearing plate to achieve the pruning action; the top side wall of the top rod is also fixed with an electric telescopic rod by bolts, and the top of the electric telescopic rod is movably connected to the bottom of the movable shearing plate via a fisheye bearing. When the electric telescopic rod extends or retracts, it can drive the movable shearing plate to rotate around the pivot.

[0014] Portable power supply: It uses a lithium battery pack with a capacity of 20Ah-30Ah. Its output end is electrically connected to the micro motor and the electric telescopic pole through wires to provide working power for the equipment. The portable power supply is covered with a shockproof silicone shell to buffer the bumps and impacts during field operations and protect the lithium battery pack from damage.

[0015] This invention achieves flexible height adjustment of the pruning mechanism through "screw and nut transmission + guide limit", and realizes branch and leaf pruning through "electric telescopic rod driving the shear blade rotation". The specific working process is as follows:

[0016] Height adjustment principle:

[0017] The worker carries the power bank on his back, holds the handle at the bottom of the slide with one hand and the handle on the side of the slide with the other hand, and operates the forward and reverse switch on the handle according to the height of the branches to be pruned.

[0018] To raise the trimming mechanism: Press the "forward" button on the forward / reverse switch. The power supply will power the micro motor, and the output shaft of the micro motor will rotate forward, driving the lead screw to rotate forward synchronously through the coupling. Since the push rod slides in the guide groove of the slide cylinder through the guide block, the guide groove restricts the rotational freedom of the push rod. The push rod cannot rotate with the lead screw, but can only slide upward along the extension direction of the guide groove under the thread thrust of the lead screw, thereby driving the trimming mechanism at the top to rise synchronously.

[0019] To lower the trimming mechanism: Press the "Reverse" button on the forward / reverse switch. The output shaft of the micro motor will reverse, causing the lead screw to reverse synchronously. Under the action of the thread tension and its own gravity, the push rod will slide down along the guide groove, causing the trimming mechanism to lower synchronously.

[0020] When the pruning mechanism is adjusted to the same height as the branches and leaves to be pruned, release the forward and reverse switch, the micro motor stops, the lead screw stops rotating, and the top rod maintains the current height under the self-locking action of the lead screw nut transmission, preventing the pruning mechanism from rising and falling on its own during the pruning process;

[0021] The buffer rubber pads at both ends of the slide guide groove can limit the sliding stroke of the guide block, that is, limit the maximum lifting height of the top rod. Typically, a height adjustment range of 1m-2.5m can be achieved, while avoiding impact damage to components caused by the collision between the guide block and the end of the slide.

[0022] Principles of pruning branches and leaves:

[0023] After the pruning mechanism is adjusted to the correct height, the worker aligns the blades of the fixed and movable blades with the branches and leaves to be pruned, presses the "Extend Electric Telescopic Rod" button on the handle, and the mobile power supply powers the electric telescopic rod. The piston rod of the electric telescopic rod extends, pushing the movable blade to rotate around the axis towards the fixed blade, and the blades close to achieve branch and leaf pruning.

[0024] After cutting is complete, press the "Electric Telescopic Rod Retract" button. The piston rod of the electric telescopic rod retracts, pulling the movable shear blade to rotate around the axis away from the fixed shear blade, opening the cutting edge and preparing for the next cutting.

[0025] The telescopic PVC protective sleeve on the outside of the electric telescopic rod can extend and retract synchronously with the piston rod, preventing sap and dust from entering the electric telescopic rod and extending its service life; the lithium-based grease filled in the fisheye bearing can reduce the rotational friction between the electric telescopic rod and the movable shear blade, ensuring smooth shear blade movement.

[0026] Beneficial effects

[0027] Flexible and precise height adjustment: The height of the pruning mechanism is electrically adjusted by a micro motor-driven screw nut transmission, eliminating the need for manual stretching and saving effort during the adjustment process; the cooperation between the guide groove and the guide block ensures smooth lifting and lowering, and the adjustment accuracy can reach ±5mm, which can adapt to the pruning needs of fruit tree branches and leaves of different heights from 1.5m to 4m.

[0028] Easy and safe to operate: Workers can control the height adjustment and trimming action simply by using the switch on the handle, eliminating the need to climb and avoiding the risk of falling; the non-slip rubber sleeve on the handle and the double grip design of the handle can improve the stability of operation and reduce labor intensity;

[0029] Stable and durable structure: The fixed and movable shear blades are made of high-hardness alloy steel and coated with anti-corrosion ceramic coating, with sharp and rust-resistant cutting edges; the shockproof silicone shell of the power bank, the protective sleeve of the electric telescopic rod, and the motor heat dissipation hole design extend the overall service life of the equipment.

[0030] Highly adaptable: The lithium battery pack has a large capacity, and a single charge can meet the needs of 8-10 hours of field work, making it suitable for pruning various fruit trees such as apples, pears, and peaches. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the slide tube structure of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the slide tube structure of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the top rod structure of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pruning mechanism structure of this utility model;

[0037] In the picture:

[0038] 1-Trimming mechanism, 11-Fixed shear blade, 12-Moving shear blade, 13-Electric telescopic rod, 2-Automatic telescopic mechanism, 21-Slide cylinder, 22-Top rod, 221-Guide block, 222-Threaded hole, 23-Handle, 24-Grip, 25-Guide groove, 26-Micro motor, 27-Lead screw, 28-Heat dissipation hole, 3-Mobile power supply. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0040] like Figure 1-5 As shown;

[0041] A branch and leaf pruning device for fruit cultivation.

[0042] In this implementation plan: To solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, as disclosed in the background art above, "Currently, fruit planting pruning equipment on the market is mainly divided into two categories: manual pruning tools (such as pruning shears) and electric pruning tools:

[0043] Manual pruning tools require workers to operate them by hand and are only suitable for low-growing fruit trees. When dealing with medium to tall fruit trees, workers need to use ladders, stools, and other auxiliary tools to climb to work, which is not only inefficient but also poses a safety hazard of falling from heights.

[0044] While some existing electric pruning tools are equipped with telescopic rods, most adopt a manual sleeve-type telescopic structure. When adjusting the height, workers need to use both hands to stretch or compress the telescopic rod, which is laborious and has low adjustment accuracy. It cannot achieve real-time and flexible height adjustment according to the height of branches and leaves at different locations on the fruit tree. At the same time, the telescopic stroke of the manual telescopic structure is limited, making it difficult to meet the pruning needs of fruit trees of different heights (such as 1.5m-4m).

[0045] Furthermore, the power supply of existing electric pruning equipment is mostly integrated into the machine body, resulting in a heavy machine and easy arm fatigue for workers during prolonged hand operation; moreover, the power supply has poor shock resistance and heat dissipation performance, making it prone to damage in bumpy field environments, thus affecting the service life of the equipment. In summary, existing branch and leaf pruning equipment suffers from problems such as inflexible height adjustment, inconvenient operation, low safety, and high labor intensity. Considering practical use, this problem is clearly a real and difficult-to-solve issue. Therefore, to address this technical problem, a branch and leaf pruning device for fruit cultivation is provided.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] like Figure 1-5 As shown in the figure;

[0048] A branch and leaf pruning device for fruit cultivation.

[0049] Automatic telescopic mechanism 2:

[0050] Slide cylinder 21: Made of 6061 aluminum alloy, with an outer diameter of 50mm, an inner diameter of 45mm, a length of 1.2m, and a side wall thickness of 2.5mm, ensuring strength while reducing weight; Guide groove 25 is 10mm wide and 5mm deep, with 3mm thick buffer rubber pads (made of nitrile rubber) attached to both ends.

[0051] Top rod 22: Made of the same 6061 aluminum alloy, with an outer diameter of 44.8mm (clear fit with the inner diameter of slide cylinder 21, clearance 0.2mm), and a length of 1.5m; guide block 221 is a cuboid structure with dimensions of 10mm×8mm×5mm, and is fixed to the side wall of top rod 22 by welding; threaded hole 222 is an M16 internal thread with a depth of 50mm;

[0052] Miniature motor 26: A 12V DC geared motor with a rated power of 100W, a speed of 30r / min, a reduction ratio of 1:50, and an output torque of 5N·m is selected to ensure that the lifting rod 22 is stable and has sufficient thrust.

[0053] Lead screw 27: Made of 45# steel, 16mm in diameter, 1.8m in length, 2mm in pitch, and galvanized for rust prevention; the deep groove ball bearing is model 6204, which is compatible with the diameter of lead screw 27.

[0054] Handle 23: Made of ABS plastic, with a 3mm thick anti-slip rubber sleeve on the outside. The outer surface of the rubber sleeve has an integrally formed diamond anti-slip pattern (1mm deep). The grip 24 has an arc-shaped structure and is made of the same material as the handle 23. The switch is a waterproof boat-shaped switch to prevent rainwater from entering the field.

[0055] Trimming mechanism 1:

[0056] Fixed shear blade 11 and movable shear blade 12: The blade part is made of Cr12MoV high hardness alloy steel (hardness HRC58-60), with a cutting edge angle of 30° and an overall blade thickness of 5mm; the blade surface is coated with a 0.1mm thick Al2O3 anti-corrosion ceramic coating.

[0057] Electric telescopic pole 13: Selected 12V DC electric telescopic pole, with a stroke of 50mm, rated thrust of 300N, telescopic speed of 5mm / s, and an outer sleeve of 1mm thick PVC protective sleeve (sleeve retracted length 100mm, extended length 150mm).

[0058] Fisheye bearing: Model SI 10T / K, the inner ring is interference-fitted with the top of the electric telescopic rod 13 (diameter 10mm), the outer ring is welded and fixed to the bottom of the movable shear plate 12, and the inner ring is filled with lithium-based grease (model GB / T7324-2019).

[0059] Power Bank 3:

[0060] Lithium battery pack: Composed of 18650 lithium batteries (single cell capacity 2Ah) connected in series to form a 12V battery pack with a total capacity of 25Ah, equipped with a charge and discharge protection board; shockproof silicone shell with a thickness of 10mm and ventilation holes on the surface of the shell, weighing about 1.5kg, and equipped with an adjustable carrying strap.

[0061] Assembly process

[0062] Automatic telescopic mechanism assembly:

[0063] The deep groove ball bearing is press-fitted into the bearing housing inside the top of the slide cylinder 21. One end of the lead screw 27 passes through the inner ring of the bearing, and the other end is connected to the output shaft of the micro motor 26 through a coupling.

[0064] The micro motor 26 is fixed to the motor bracket at the bottom of the slide 21 with bolts, ensuring that the lead screw 27 is coaxial with the slide 21;

[0065] Align the guide block 221 of the push rod 22 with the guide groove 25 of the slide cylinder 21, screw the threaded hole 222 at the bottom of the push rod 22 to the lead screw 27, and push the push rod 22 to slide along the guide groove 25 to ensure that there is no jamming.

[0066] The handle 23 is fixed to the bottom of the slide cylinder 21 by threaded connection, and the grip 24 is fixed to the side wall of the slide cylinder 21 by bolts (300mm away from the handle (23)). The forward and reverse switch and the electric telescopic rod switch are embedded in the reserved hole of the grip 24. The micro motor 26, the electric telescopic rod 13 and the mobile power supply 3 are connected by wires respectively. The wires are run through the wiring holes inside the slide cylinder 21 and the top rod 22.

[0067] Pruning mechanism assembly:

[0068] The fixed shearing piece 11 is fixed to the shearing piece bracket at the top of the top rod 22 by bolts, and the movable shearing piece 12 is hinged to the fixed shearing piece 11 by a rotating shaft to ensure that the movable shearing piece 12 can rotate flexibly;

[0069] The electric telescopic rod 13 is fixed to the telescopic rod bracket on the top side wall of the top rod 22 with bolts. The top of the electric telescopic rod 13 is connected to the bottom of the movable shear plate 12 through a fisheye bearing. Lithium-based grease is applied to the inner ring of the bearing.

[0070] A PVC protective sleeve is fitted onto the outside of the electric telescopic pole 13, and both ends of the sleeve are fixed to the fixed end and telescopic end of the electric telescopic pole 13 respectively by cable ties.

[0071] Power bank connection:

[0072] Connect the output cable of the power bank 3 to the cable interface of the device through the plug (the interface uses a waterproof DC plug) to ensure that the circuit is conductive; after checking that all components are securely connected, complete the overall assembly.

[0073] Usage steps

[0074] Preparation stage: The worker carries the mobile power bank 3 on his back with the carrying strap, connects it to the equipment power plug, and checks whether the forward and reverse switch and the electric telescopic rod switch are working properly.

[0075] Height adjustment: According to the height of the fruit tree branches and leaves to be pruned (e.g., pruning apple tree branches and leaves that are 2.5m high), hold the handle 23 and grip 24, press the forward and reverse switch "forward" button, the micro motor 26 drives the lead screw 27 to rotate forward, the top rod 22 rises along the guide groove 25, driving the pruning mechanism 1 to rise to a height of 2.5m, release the switch, and the pruning mechanism 1 maintains the height.

[0076] Pruning branches and leaves: Align the blades of the fixed shear blade 11 and the movable shear blade 12 with the branches and leaves to be pruned, press the "Extend" button on the electric telescopic rod switch, the piston rod of the electric telescopic rod 13 extends, pushing the movable shear blade 12 and the fixed shear blade 11 to close and cut the branches and leaves; press the "Retract" button, the movable shear blade 12 resets, and the next pruning can be carried out.

[0077] Height adjustment and movement: To prune branches at a higher position (e.g., 3.5m), press the "forward" button on the forward / reverse switch again, and the top rod 22 will continue to rise; to prune branches at a lower position (e.g., 1.8m), press the "reverse" button, and the top rod 22 will descend; when moving the working position, keep the pruning mechanism 1 in a low position to avoid collisions.

[0078] Operation complete: Turn off the power switch, disconnect the power plug, clean the blade edge of the shears (you can apply anti-rust oil), and store the equipment in a dry place.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A fruit cultivation pruning device, comprising a pruning mechanism (1) and a portable power source carried on the worker's back, characterized in that: It also includes an automatic telescopic mechanism (2) located at the bottom of the trimming mechanism (1). The automatic telescopic mechanism (2) includes a slide cylinder (21) and a top rod (22). The top rod (22) and the slide cylinder (21) are slidably connected. A handle (23) is fixed at the bottom of the slide cylinder (21). A grip (24) is fixed on the side wall of the slide cylinder (21). A pair of guide grooves (25) are provided on the inner side wall of the slide cylinder (21). A micro motor (26) is provided at the bottom of the slide cylinder (21). A lead screw (27) is provided inside the slide cylinder (21) through a bearing. Several heat dissipation holes (28) are provided at the bottom of the slide cylinder (21). The handle (24) is equipped with a forward / reverse switch and an electric telescopic rod switch. A pair of guide blocks (221) matching the guide groove (25) are fixed on the outer wall of the top rod (22). The top rod (22) is provided with a threaded hole (222) that matches the lead screw (27). The trimming mechanism (1) includes a fixed shearing plate (11) fixed on the top rod (22). A movable shearing plate (12) is movably arranged on the fixed shearing plate (11) through a rotating shaft. An electric telescopic rod (13) is also fixed on the top rod (22). The top end of the electric telescopic rod (13) is movably connected to the bottom end of the movable shearing plate (12).

2. The fruit planting branch and leaf pruning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The handle (23) is covered with an anti-slip rubber sleeve, and the outer surface of the anti-slip rubber sleeve is integrally formed with a diamond-shaped anti-slip pattern.

3. The fruit planting branch and leaf pruning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blades of both the fixed shear blade (11) and the movable shear blade (12) are made of high-hardness alloy steel and are coated with an anti-corrosion ceramic coating.

4. The fruit planting branch and leaf pruning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the electric telescopic rod (13) and the bottom end of the movable shear plate (12) are movably connected by a fisheye bearing. The inner ring of the fisheye bearing is interference-fitted with the top end of the electric telescopic rod (13), and the outer ring is welded and fixed to the bottom end of the movable shear plate (12). The fisheye bearing is filled with lithium-based grease.

5. The fruit planting branch and leaf pruning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the guide groove (25) on the inner sidewall of the slide cylinder (21) are provided with buffer rubber pads, and the buffer rubber pads are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide groove (25) by glue, which is used to limit the sliding stroke of the guide block (221) and reduce collision impact.

6. The fruit planting branch and leaf pruning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric telescopic rod (13) is fitted with a telescopic protective sleeve on the outside. The protective sleeve is made of polyvinyl chloride and its length can change synchronously with the extension and retraction of the electric telescopic rod (13).

7. The fruit planting branch and leaf pruning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power bank uses a lithium battery pack and has a shockproof silicone shell on the outside.

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