Automatic ventilation device for vegetable greenhouse
By introducing PLC controllers and sensor systems into vegetable greenhouses, automated layered ventilation management is achieved, solving the problem of lagging traditional manual ventilation and improving the precision and safety of vegetable growth environment control.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 山东祥恒农业有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
The current ventilation management of vegetable greenhouses relies on manual experience, which leads to untimely ventilation and low control precision, affecting vegetable growth efficiency and making them prone to diseases.
The system uses a PLC controller combined with temperature and humidity sensors, light sensors, and carbon dioxide concentration sensors for real-time monitoring. The automatic operation of the ventilation windows is controlled by an electric push rod to achieve layered ventilation management. It is also equipped with an insect-proof frame and a drainage channel to prevent pests and water accumulation.
It enables precise control of the environment inside vegetable greenhouses, improves ventilation response speed and air uniformity, reduces disease risk, enhances photosynthetic efficiency and growth rate, and facilitates maintenance.
Smart Images
Figure CN224521905U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vegetable greenhouse technology, and in particular to an automatic ventilation device for vegetable greenhouses. Background Technology
[0002] A vegetable greenhouse is an agricultural facility used to artificially control environmental conditions in order to achieve off-season, high-yield, high-quality, and efficient vegetable cultivation. It typically consists of a frame, covering materials, and supporting facilities. By regulating environmental factors such as light, temperature, humidity, ventilation, and carbon dioxide concentration, it creates a more stable and suitable microclimate environment for vegetable growth than open-air cultivation.
[0003] Currently, most vegetable greenhouses still use traditional manual or semi-mechanical ventilation management methods, which generally suffer from technical problems such as untimely ventilation, low control precision, high labor intensity, and poor environmental adaptability. Specifically, the ventilation operation of the greenhouse mainly relies on manually opening or closing the top or side vents. Operators need to judge whether ventilation is needed based on experience, and cannot perceive changes in key environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, and carbon dioxide concentration in real time. This leads to delayed or excessive ventilation, which can easily cause problems such as excessively high temperature, excessive humidity, and insufficient CO2 concentration in the greenhouse. This seriously affects the photosynthetic efficiency and growth and development of vegetables, and may even induce high-humidity diseases such as downy mildew and gray mold.
[0004] To address the issues raised above, there is a need to provide an automatic ventilation device for vegetable greenhouses. Utility Model Content
[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of not being able to ventilate automatically, this utility model provides an automatic ventilation device for vegetable greenhouses.
[0006] The technical implementation scheme of this utility model is as follows: an automatic ventilation device for vegetable greenhouses, including a greenhouse, a connecting plate, a PLC controller, a protective shell, ventilation windows, a mounting frame, an electric push rod, a baffle, and a mounting plate. The connecting plate is connected to the left side of the greenhouse, and the PLC controller is installed on the connecting plate. The protective shell is installed on the connecting plate. Three ventilation windows are connected to the greenhouse. Each ventilation window is equipped with a mounting frame. An electric push rod is installed inside each mounting frame. A baffle is connected to the telescopic end of each electric push rod. Mounting plates are symmetrically installed on each mounting frame. A drainage groove is opened on each ventilation window.
[0007] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it further includes an insect-proof frame, a connecting block, a docking frame, and a pin plate. Each ventilation window is provided with an insect-proof frame, and each insect-proof frame is symmetrically connected with connecting blocks front and back. Each mounting bracket is symmetrically connected with docking frames front and back. Each connecting block is engaged with the docking frame at the corresponding position. Each docking frame is provided with a pin plate, and each pin plate is engaged with the connecting block at the corresponding position.
[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pull ring is also included, and a pull ring is connected to each pin plate.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a protective net is also included, with a protective net installed on each drain trough.
[0010] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, each ventilation window has a groove inside.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, each mounting plate has multiple mounting holes.
[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. By setting temperature and humidity sensors, light sensors, and carbon dioxide concentration sensors on the mounting plate and arranging them in three key areas—the top, middle, and bottom of the greenhouse—it is possible to conduct comprehensive and layered real-time monitoring of the microclimate environment at different heights within the greenhouse. After the data is transmitted to the PLC controller, the system can automatically judge and execute ventilation operations based on preset thresholds, completely eliminating the sluggish mode of relying on manual experience to open and close ventilation windows in the traditional way. This effectively avoids problems such as high temperature, high humidity, or insufficient CO2 caused by untimely ventilation, significantly improving the accuracy and response speed of environmental control. The three-tiered ventilation window layout at the top, middle, and bottom, combined with the principle of hot air rising and the bottom-in, top-out thermal pressure ventilation mode, can flexibly achieve local ventilation or overall convection. Partial heat exhaust and dehumidification, middle CO2 supplementation to promote photosynthesis, and bottom introduction of cold air for cooling form a scientific airflow organization, significantly improving the air uniformity within the greenhouse, reducing the risk of disease occurrence, and increasing the photosynthetic efficiency and growth rate of vegetables.
[0013] 2. Each ventilation window is equipped with a detachable insect-proof frame, which is connected to the docking frame by a connecting block and locked in place by a pin plate. The installation is firm and the disassembly is convenient. During maintenance, simply pull the ring to quickly unlock it, which is convenient for cleaning or replacing the insect-proof screen. It effectively prevents pests from entering while ensuring long-term reliability. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.
[0015] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the ventilation window and insect-proof frame of this utility model.
[0016] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting plate, drainage groove, and insect-proof frame of this utility model.
[0017] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connecting plate and PLC controller of this utility model.
[0018] The components in the attached diagram are labeled as follows: 1. Greenhouse, 101. Connecting plate, 102. PLC controller, 103. Protective shell, 2. Ventilation window, 3. Mounting bracket, 4. Electric push rod, 5. Baffle, 6. Mounting plate, 7. Drainage channel, 8. Insect-proof frame, 9. Connecting block, 10. Docking frame, 11. Pin plate, 12. Pull ring, 13. Protective net. Detailed Implementation
[0019] First, it should be noted that in different described embodiments, the same components are given the same reference numerals or the same component names. The disclosure contained throughout this specification can be applied semantically to the same components having the same reference numerals or the same component names. The location descriptions selected in the specification, such as upper, lower, lateral, etc., also refer to the directly described and illustrated figures and are semantically applied to the new location when the location changes.
[0020] Example: An automatic ventilation device for vegetable greenhouses, such as Figures 1-4As shown, the greenhouse includes a greenhouse 1, a connecting plate 101, a PLC controller 102, a protective shell 103, ventilation windows 2, a mounting frame 3, an electric push rod 4, a baffle 5, a mounting plate 6, an insect-proof frame 8, a connecting block 9, a docking frame 10, a pin plate 11, a pull ring 12, and a protective net 13. The greenhouse 1 provides a controllable and protective growing environment for vegetables and other crops, isolating them from harsh external weather. At the same time, the internal temperature, humidity, and light can be adjusted. The connecting plate 101 is connected to the left side of the greenhouse 1. The PLC controller 102 is installed on the connecting plate 101. It receives signals from sensors such as temperature and humidity, performs logical judgments according to preset programs and thresholds, and then sends opening or closing commands to actuators such as the electric push rod 4 to realize automated ventilation control. The protective shell 103 is installed on the connecting plate 101. Three ventilation windows 2 are connected to the greenhouse 1, which are channels for the exchange of air between the inside and outside. By opening or closing ventilation windows 2, the temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration inside the greenhouse can be adjusted. These windows are located at the bottom, middle, and top, respectively, to achieve tiered ventilation. Each ventilation window 2 has a groove inside that can connect with a baffle 5. Each ventilation window 2 is equipped with a mounting bracket 3, and each mounting bracket 3 contains an electric push rod 4. The telescopic end of each electric push rod 4 is connected to a baffle 5, which directly controls the opening or closing of the ventilation window 2. When the electric push rod 4 pushes the baffle 5, the ventilation window 2 is opened; when the push rod retracts, the baffle 5 returns to its original position, and the ventilation window 2 is closed. Each mounting bracket 3 has symmetrically installed mounting plates 6, each with multiple mounting holes for installing different sensors. Each ventilation window 2 has a drainage groove 7, whose main function is to guide and drain water from the ventilation system. When the ventilation window 2 is closed, rainwater or condensation that may seep in through the gaps is prevented from accumulating at the window frame and flowing into the greenhouse, keeping the interior dry. Each ventilation window 2 is equipped with an insect-proof frame 8, which ensures that the protective net 13 can stably cover the ventilation opening, preventing external pests (such as aphids, whiteflies, etc.) from entering the greenhouse and harming crops while allowing ventilation. Each insect-proof frame 8 is symmetrically connected with connecting blocks 9 at the front and back, and each mounting frame 3 is symmetrically connected with docking frames 10 at the front and back. Each connecting block 9 engages with the corresponding docking frame 10. Each docking frame 10 is equipped with a pin plate 11, which engages with the corresponding connecting block 9. Each pin plate 11 is connected with a pull ring 12. Each drainage channel 7 is equipped with a protective net 13, usually made of fine nylon or metal mesh. Its core function is to block external pests, birds, or large debris from entering the greenhouse when the ventilation window 2 is open, while allowing free air circulation.
[0021] In use, the operator first installs various environmental monitoring devices, such as temperature and humidity sensors, light sensors, and carbon dioxide concentration sensors, on the mounting plates 6 symmetrically installed on each mounting frame 3. These sensors are arranged near the three ventilation windows 2 at the top, middle, and bottom of the greenhouse 1, respectively, to achieve comprehensive real-time monitoring of the microclimate in different height areas inside the greenhouse. The data collected by the sensors is transmitted via signal lines to the PLC controller 102 located on the connecting plate 101 on the left side of the greenhouse 1. The PLC controller 102 automatically determines whether... Whether or not each ventilation window 2 needs to be opened or closed, achieving precise and intelligent environmental control, the greenhouse 1 has three ventilation windows 2, located at the top, middle and bottom respectively, forming a multi-layer ventilation structure in the vertical direction. Each ventilation window 2 is equipped with a mounting bracket 3, and the mounting bracket 3 has an electric push rod 4 inside. The extension end of the electric push rod 4 is connected to a baffle 5. When the PLC controller 102 receives signals such as high temperature, high humidity or low CO2 concentration, it will activate the electric push rod 4 of the corresponding ventilation window 2. For example, when the top temperature is too high, the PLC controls the top electric push rod 4 to extend. The baffle 5 is pushed outward to expel accumulated heat using the principle of rising hot air. When the crop canopy receives sufficient sunlight but CO2 is insufficient, the middle ventilation window 2 is opened to promote lateral air convection and replenish fresh air. When it is necessary to introduce cold air for cooling, the bottom ventilation window 2 is opened to form a bottom-in, top-out thermal pressure ventilation mode, improving overall ventilation efficiency. To prevent pests from entering the greenhouse through the ventilation window 2 with the airflow, each ventilation window 2 is equipped with an insect-proof frame 8. The insect-proof frame 8 is symmetrically connected with connecting blocks 9 at the front and back. The mounting frame 3 is equipped with a corresponding docking frame 10. During installation, the connecting block 9 is inserted into the docking frame. Within 10, a snap-fit connection is achieved, and then the connecting block 9 is locked by the pin plate 11 to form a stable and detachable connection structure. During maintenance, simply pull the pin plate 11 with the pull ring 12 to quickly unlock it, making it easy to clean or replace the insect screen. The operation is convenient. During ventilation, external rainwater may flow in along the edge of the window frame. Therefore, each ventilation window 2 is equipped with a drainage groove 7, which can effectively collect and guide rainwater to prevent water from seeping into the shed and causing dampness or mold growth. A protective net 13 is also installed on the drainage groove 7 to prevent leaves, dust and other debris from blocking the drainage channel and ensure smooth drainage.
[0022] The present application has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present application.
Claims
1. An automatic ventilation device for vegetable greenhouses, characterized in that: It includes a greenhouse (1), a connecting plate (101), a PLC controller (102), a protective shell (103), a ventilation window (2), a mounting frame (3), an electric push rod (4), a baffle (5), and a mounting plate (6). The connecting plate (101) is fixedly connected to the front left side of the greenhouse (1). The PLC controller (102) is installed on the top of the connecting plate (101). The protective shell (103) is installed on the top of the connecting plate (101). Three ventilation windows (2) are installed on the left side of the greenhouse (1). A mounting frame (3) is fixedly connected to each ventilation window (2). An electric push rod (4) is installed inside each mounting frame (3). A baffle (5) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of each electric push rod (4). Mounting plates (6) are fixedly connected to each mounting frame (3) symmetrically front and back. A water leakage groove (7) is opened on each ventilation window (2).
2. The automatic ventilation device for vegetable greenhouses as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an insect-proof frame (8), a connecting block (9), a docking frame (10), and a pin plate (11). Each ventilation window (2) is provided with an insect-proof frame (8). Each insect-proof frame (8) is symmetrically fixed with a connecting block (9) at the front and back. Each mounting bracket (3) is symmetrically installed with a docking frame (10) at the front and back. Each connecting block (9) is snapped into the docking frame (10) at the corresponding position. Each docking frame (10) is provided with a pin plate (11). Each pin plate (11) is snapped into the connecting block (9) at the corresponding position.
3. The automatic ventilation device for vegetable greenhouses as described in claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a pull ring (12), and each pin plate (11) is fixedly connected to the outside of the pull ring (12).
4. The automatic ventilation device for vegetable greenhouses as described in claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a protective net (13), and each drain (7) is equipped with a protective net (13).
5. The automatic ventilation device for vegetable greenhouses as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Each ventilation window (2) has a groove inside.
6. The automatic ventilation device for vegetable greenhouses as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Each mounting plate (6) has multiple mounting holes.