Edible mushroom culture shelf temperature control structure
By introducing a three-dimensional circulation component, a two-way temperature regulation component, and a smart temperature and humidity detection component into the edible mushroom cultivation rack, the problem of achieving consistent temperature within and between layers and automated control in existing technologies has been solved, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of edible mushroom production.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 山东泰马生物科技有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing edible mushroom cultivation racks cannot achieve internal and interlayer heating and cooling circulation, cannot automatically and independently adjust the temperature in each cultivation chamber, cannot fully and automatically detect the temperature and humidity in each cultivation chamber, cannot output the detected temperature and humidity data in the form of digital signals, and cannot better adapt to automated control systems.
It employs a three-dimensional circulation component, a two-way temperature control component, and a temperature and humidity intelligent detection component, including a circulating centrifugal fan, a resistance heating wire array, a semiconductor cooling chip, a digital temperature and humidity sensor, and a data acquisition module, to achieve intralayer and interlayer hot and cold circulation, automatically adjust the temperature in each culture chamber, and output the detection data as a digital signal.
It achieves a basically constant temperature in all parts and in all layers of the cultivation chamber, automatically and independently adjusts the temperature in each cultivation chamber, fully and automatically detects temperature and humidity and outputs digital signals, adapts to an automated control system, and improves the yield and quality of edible fungi production.
Smart Images
Figure CN224521952U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of edible fungi production equipment technology, and in particular to a temperature control structure for an edible fungi cultivation rack. Background Technology
[0002] In the large-scale production of edible fungi, the mycelial cultivation stage has extremely stringent environmental requirements. Temperature is one of the key factors affecting the growth and development of edible fungi mycelia. Suitable temperatures promote rapid and robust mycelial growth, while excessively high or low temperatures can lead to slow mycelial growth, decreased vitality, and even contamination by other microorganisms, seriously affecting the yield and quality of edible fungi. However, existing temperature control devices for edible fungi cultivation racks cannot utilize three-dimensional circulation components, cannot simultaneously perform intra-layer and inter-layer hot and cold circulation, cannot ensure that the temperature of each part within the layer and each cultivation chamber is basically constant, cannot utilize bidirectional temperature adjustment components, cannot automatically and independently adjust the temperature in each cultivation chamber, cannot guarantee that the temperature in each cultivation chamber reaches the optimal temperature for mycelial growth and development, cannot utilize intelligent temperature and humidity detection components, cannot simultaneously and comprehensively and automatically detect the temperature and humidity of each part within each cultivation chamber, cannot output the detected temperature and humidity data in the form of digital signals, and cannot better adapt to automated control systems.
[0003] Patent No. ZL202310289451.0 discloses a "constant temperature cultivation device for edible fungi that facilitates temperature control." This invention includes a cultivation chamber and an electrically controlled chamber located on one side inside the cultivation chamber. A connecting frame is fixed inside the cultivation chamber. A locking and positioning mechanism is provided on the lower end face of the edible fungi cultivation frame. A constant temperature heating rod is fixed in the center of the connecting frame. A connecting pump is fixed in the center of the upper end face of the water tank. A connecting pipe is fixed to the output end of the connecting pump. A filtration mechanism is provided at the upper end of the electrically controlled chamber. This invention uses a heating plate to heat the water in the connecting pipe, preventing the water temperature from being too cold and affecting the cultivation of edible fungi. The included fan guides the gas, which can pass through the spiral tube frame and be heated. This not only creates a suitable environment for the growth of edible fungi but also ensures gas circulation, preventing bacterial growth and mold.
[0004] The invention patent with patent number ZL202420502910.9 discloses a "constant temperature culture device for bacterial strains". This utility model aims to solve the technical problems of insufficient temperature control accuracy in existing equipment, which cannot maintain a constant temperature continuously and stably, has low space utilization, and further suffers from poor sealing performance and low safety. This utility model includes a constant temperature chamber, a door, a serrated support, and a layered culture rack. The constant temperature chamber includes a heat insulation layer laid on its inner surface. Thermoelectric cooling devices are placed on the walls of the chamber and connected to a temperature control module. The temperature control module includes a temperature sensor, a temperature controller, a voltage regulator, and a control switch. This utility model, while ensuring constant temperature culture of microorganisms, also considers energy efficiency, flexibility, sealing, and safety, greatly improving the efficiency of microbial culture. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a temperature control structure for an edible mushroom cultivation rack. It includes a three-dimensional circulation component, a two-way temperature adjustment component, an intelligent temperature and humidity detection component, and the cultivation rack itself. This allows for simultaneous intra-layer and inter-layer hot and cold circulation, ensuring a relatively constant temperature across all parts of the cultivation area and each layer. It automatically and independently adjusts the temperature within each cultivation chamber to guarantee that each chamber reaches the optimal temperature for mycelial growth and development. Simultaneously, it comprehensively and automatically detects the temperature and humidity at all points within each cultivation chamber, outputting the detected data as digital signals. This better adapts to an automated control system and effectively solves the aforementioned technical problems.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is as follows: The aforementioned temperature control structure for an edible fungus cultivation rack includes a three-dimensional circulation component, a two-way temperature regulation component, and a cultivation rack, characterized in that... The cultivation rack is configured as a multi-layer frame structure, with columns at each of the four corners. Inside the cultivation rack, a predetermined number of frame I and frame II are horizontally arranged by welding the columns and beams. Frame II is located at a predetermined position above frame I. A bracket plate I is fixedly installed at the upper end of frame I, and a bracket plate II is fixedly installed at the upper end of frame II. The outer end of the cultivation rack is sealed with a heat insulation layer. The bracket plate II, the adjacent bracket plate I above, and the heat insulation layer together form a cultivation chamber. The height of the cultivation chamber is greater than the height of the edible fungus spawn bag. The three-dimensional circulation assembly includes an intralayer circulation unit and an interlayer circulation unit. The intralayer circulation unit includes two circulating centrifugal fans, the bases of which are fixedly mounted on the outside of both sides of the culture chamber by brackets. The interlayer circulation unit includes a circulating fan, air duct I, and a one-way solenoid valve. Air duct I is vertically fixed on the inside of the left rear column. Air duct I is engaged and fixed by through holes I opened in bracket plate I and bracket plate II. The base of the circulating fan is fixedly mounted on the back of the upper left end of the culture rack by brackets. The bidirectional temperature control assembly includes a heating unit and a cooling unit. The heating unit includes a resistance heating wire array, which is fixedly disposed at the center of the bracket plate I by an insulating skeleton and an encapsulation layer. The cooling unit includes a semiconductor refrigeration chip, which is disposed at the center of the top back of the culture chamber by a fixing member.
[0007] The intelligent temperature and humidity detection component includes a digital temperature and humidity sensor and a data acquisition module. The digital temperature and humidity sensor is installed at each of the four corners and the center of the culture chamber. The data acquisition module is located at a preset position on the back of the culture chamber. The data acquisition module includes a microprocessor, a communication input interface, and a communication output interface. The data acquisition module collects data from the digital temperature and humidity sensor to process and convert the data.
[0008] The outlet of the circulating centrifugal fan is located in the middle of the culture chamber. The inlet of the circulating centrifugal fan is connected to the port at one end of the hose. The other end of the hose is located in the middle of the top of the culture chamber. A preset number of adjustable guide plates are provided at the outlet end of the circulating centrifugal fan. The air inlet of the circulating fan is connected to the upper port of air duct I through a pipe, and the air outlet of the circulating fan is connected to the side of the upper culture chamber through a pipe. The lower port of air duct I is set as a sealed structure. Through holes II are opened at preset positions in air duct I from the second layer to the lower culture chamber. The through holes II are connected to one end of a one-way solenoid valve through a pipe. The other end of the one-way solenoid valve is provided with a preset number of adjustable guide plates.
[0009] The size of the resistance heating wire array is matched with the size of bracket plate I, and the resistance heating wire array is configured in a serpentine arrangement of resistance heating wires; The cold side of the semiconductor refrigeration chip is located inside the culture chamber, and the hot side of the semiconductor refrigeration chip is located outside the culture chamber. The hot side of the semiconductor refrigeration chip is provided with heat dissipation fins and a heat dissipation fan.
[0010] It also includes a ventilation and air exchange assembly, which includes air duct II, a ventilation fan, a three-stage filter, a carbon dioxide sensor, an oxygen sensor, an air exchange port, and an exhaust port. The upper port of air duct II is designed as a sealed structure. Air duct II is vertically fixed inside the right rear column. Air duct II is fixed by engaging with the through hole III of bracket plate I and bracket plate II. The base of the ventilation fan is fixed to the back of the lower right end of the culture rack by a bracket. The air inlet of the ventilation fan is connected to the three-stage filter. The air outlet of the ventilation fan is connected to the lower port of air duct II through a pipe. An air exchange port is provided at a preset position in air duct II in each culture chamber. The air exchange port is connected to a one-way solenoid valve through a pipe. The other end of the one-way solenoid valve is provided with a preset number of adjustable guide plates. A carbon dioxide sensor and an oxygen sensor are provided at preset positions in each culture chamber. An exhaust port is provided at the upper end of the left side of each culture chamber. The exhaust port is connected to an external waste gas collection container through a hose.
[0011] It also includes a humidity compensation component, which includes an atomizing nozzle and an ultrasonic humidifier. The atomizing nozzle is located at the top of the culture chamber, and the ultrasonic humidifier is located outside the culture chamber. The atomizing nozzle is connected to the water supply port of the ultrasonic humidifier via a hose, and the water inlet of the ultrasonic humidifier is connected to an external water supply device.
[0012] It also includes a power distribution controller, which includes a housing, a power supply unit, a controller, and an LCD touch screen. The controller is configured with a modular structure with programmable logic. The controller can independently adjust the temperature and humidity in each culture chamber through a PID algorithm. The LCD touch screen is located on the upper surface of the power distribution controller and is connected to the controller via wires. The input end of the power supply unit is connected to an external DC power supply via a cable, and the output end of the power supply unit is connected to a circulating centrifugal fan, a circulating fan, a one-way solenoid valve, a resistance heating wire array, a semiconductor refrigeration chip, a digital temperature and humidity sensor, a data acquisition module, an adjustable guide plate, a ventilation fan, a carbon dioxide sensor, an oxygen sensor, an ultrasonic humidifier, a controller, and an LCD touch screen via a cable. The controller is connected via control lines to a circulating centrifugal fan, a circulating fan, a one-way solenoid valve, a resistance heating wire array, a semiconductor refrigeration chip, a digital temperature and humidity sensor, a data acquisition module, an adjustable guide plate, an air exchange fan, a carbon dioxide sensor, an oxygen sensor, and an ultrasonic humidifier.
[0013] The culture rack is made of high-strength steel; Bracket plate I and bracket plate II are made of rigid plastic, and bracket plate II is configured with a breathable mesh structure; The thermal insulation layer is made of transparent polyurethane, and the front end of the thermal insulation layer is designed to be detachable.
[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention features a three-dimensional circulation component, along with a corresponding power distribution controller and culture rack, enabling simultaneous intra-layer and inter-layer thermal circulation. This ensures that the temperature of each part within the layer and each culture chamber remains essentially constant, effectively solving the problems of not being able to use a three-dimensional circulation component, thus preventing simultaneous intra-layer and inter-layer thermal circulation and ensuring that the temperature of each part within the layer and each culture chamber remains essentially constant.
[0015] This invention is equipped with a bidirectional temperature control component, as well as a corresponding power distribution controller and culture rack, which can automatically and independently adjust the temperature in each culture chamber, ensuring that the temperature in each culture chamber reaches the optimal temperature for mycelial growth and development. This effectively solves the problem that the bidirectional temperature control component cannot be used, the temperature in each culture chamber cannot be automatically and independently adjusted, and the temperature in each culture chamber cannot be guaranteed to reach the optimal temperature for mycelial growth and development.
[0016] This invention incorporates an intelligent temperature and humidity detection component, along with a corresponding power distribution controller and culture rack. It enables simultaneous and comprehensive automatic detection of temperature and humidity in all parts of each culture chamber, outputting the detected temperature and humidity data as digital signals. This better adapts to automated control systems and effectively solves the problems of not being able to use the intelligent temperature and humidity detection component, simultaneously and comprehensively automatically detecting temperature and humidity in all parts of each culture chamber, outputting the detected temperature and humidity data as digital signals, and thus failing to better adapt to automated control systems. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Appendix Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention; Appendix Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model; Appendix Figure 3 This is a top view of the resistance heating wire array of this utility model; Appendix Figure 4 This is a front view structural diagram of the power distribution controller of this utility model.
[0018] Legend: 1. Three-dimensional circulation assembly, 2. Two-way temperature control assembly, 3. Culture rack, 4. Column, 5. Crossbeam, 6. Frame I, 7. Frame II, 8. Support plate I, 9. Support plate II, 10. Thermal insulation layer, 11. Culture chamber, 12. Intra-layer circulation unit, 13. Inter-layer circulation unit, 14. Circulating centrifugal fan, 15. Circulating fan, 16. Air duct I, 17. One-way solenoid valve, 18. Through hole I, 19. Heating unit, 20. Cooling unit, 21. Resistance heating wire array, 22. Semiconductor cooling chip, 23. Intelligent temperature and humidity detection. Components: 24. Digital temperature and humidity sensor; 25. Data acquisition module; 26. Adjustable baffle; 27. Through hole II; 28. Ventilation and air exchange component; 29. Air duct II; 30. Ventilation fan; 31. Three-stage filter; 32. Carbon dioxide sensor; 33. Oxygen sensor; 34. Air exchange port; 35. Exhaust port; 36. Through hole III; 37. Humidity compensation component; 38. Atomizing nozzle; 39. Ultrasonic humidifier; 40. Power distribution controller; 41. Cabinet; 42. Power supply unit; 43. Controller; 44. LCD touch screen. Detailed Implementation
[0019] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the embodiments, so that the public can better understand the implementation method of the present invention. The specific implementation method of the present invention is as follows: The aforementioned temperature control structure for an edible fungus cultivation rack includes a three-dimensional circulation component 1, a two-way temperature regulating component 2, and a cultivation rack 3, characterized in that... The cultivation rack 3 is configured as a multi-layer frame structure. Each of the four corners of the cultivation rack 3 is equipped with a column 4. Inside the cultivation rack 3, a predetermined number of frames I6 and a predetermined number of frames II7 are horizontally arranged by welding the columns 4 and beams 5. Frame II7 is positioned above frame I6 at a predetermined location. A bracket plate I8 is fixedly installed at the upper end of frame I6, and a bracket plate II9 is fixedly installed at the upper end of frame II7. The outer end of the cultivation rack 3 is sealed with a heat insulation layer 10. The bracket plate II9, the adjacent bracket plate I8 above it, and the heat insulation layer 10 together constitute a cultivation cavity 11. The height of the cultivation cavity 11 is greater than the height of the edible mushroom spawn bag. The three-dimensional circulation assembly 1 includes an intralayer circulation unit 12 and an interlayer circulation unit 13. The intralayer circulation unit 12 includes two circulating centrifugal fans 14. The bases of the two circulating centrifugal fans 14 are respectively fixed to the outside of the two sides of the culture chamber 11 by brackets. The interlayer circulation unit 13 includes a circulating fan 15, an air duct I 16 and a one-way solenoid valve 17. The air duct I 16 is vertically fixed to the inside of the left rear column 4. The air duct I 16 is fixed by engaging the through holes I 18 opened in the bracket plate I 8 and the bracket plate II 9. The base of the circulating fan 15 is fixed to the back of the upper left end of the culture rack 3 by brackets. The bidirectional temperature control component 2 includes a heating unit 19 and a cooling unit 20. The heating unit 19 includes a resistance heating wire array 21, which is fixedly mounted on the center of the bracket plate I8 by an insulating frame and an encapsulation layer. The cooling unit 20 includes a semiconductor cooling chip 22, which is mounted on the center of the top back of the culture chamber 11 by a fixing component. The bidirectional temperature control component 2 can automatically and independently adjust the temperature inside each culture chamber 11 according to the temperature conditions inside each culture chamber 11, achieving precise local temperature control. The bidirectional temperature control component 2 is designed to ensure that the temperature inside each culture chamber 11 reaches the optimal temperature for mycelial growth and development.
[0020] The intelligent temperature and humidity detection component 23 includes a digital temperature and humidity sensor 24 and a data acquisition module 25. The digital temperature and humidity sensor 24 is installed at the four corners and the center of the culture chamber 11. The data acquisition module 25 is installed at a preset position on the back of the culture chamber 11. The data acquisition module 25 includes a microprocessor, a communication input interface and a communication output interface. The data acquisition module 25 collects the data collected by the digital temperature and humidity sensor 24 to process and convert the data.
[0021] The outlet of the circulating centrifugal fan 14 is located in the middle of the culture chamber 11. The inlet of the circulating centrifugal fan 14 is connected to the port at one end of the hose. The other end of the hose is located in the middle of the top of the culture chamber 11. A preset number of adjustable guide plates 26 are provided at the outlet end of the circulating centrifugal fan 14. The air inlet of the circulating fan 15 is connected to the upper port of the air duct I 16 through a pipe, and the air outlet of the circulating fan 15 is connected to the side of the upper cultivation chamber 11 through a pipe. The lower port of the air duct I 16 is set as a sealed structure. Through holes II 27 are opened at preset positions in the air duct I 16 from the second layer to the lower cultivation chamber 11. The through holes II 27 are connected to one end of the one-way solenoid valve 17 through a pipe. The other end of the one-way solenoid valve 17 is provided with a preset number of adjustable guide plates 26. The three-dimensional circulation component 1 achieves all-round balance of temperature, airflow and gas in the three-dimensional space through the cooperation of the intra-layer circulation unit 12, the inter-layer circulation unit 13 and the adjustable guide plates 26. The temperature at each position in each cultivation chamber 11 is basically constant and consistent, ensuring uniform mycelial growth rate and density, which greatly improves the yield and quality of edible fungi production.
[0022] The size of the resistance heating wire array 21 is matched with the size of the bracket plate I8, and the resistance heating wire array 21 is configured to be a serpentine arrangement of resistance heating wires. The cold side of the semiconductor cooling chip 22 is disposed inside the culture chamber 11, and the hot side of the semiconductor cooling chip 22 is disposed outside the culture chamber 11. The hot side of the semiconductor cooling chip 22 is provided with heat dissipation fins and a heat dissipation fan.
[0023] It also includes a ventilation and air exchange assembly 28, which includes a duct II 29, a ventilation fan 30, a three-stage filter 31, a carbon dioxide sensor 32, an oxygen sensor 33, an air exchange port 34, and an exhaust port 35. The upper port of the duct II 29 is configured as a sealed structure. The duct II 29 is vertically fixed inside the right rear column 4. The duct II 29 is fixed by engaging with the through hole III 36 opened in the bracket plate I 8 and the bracket plate II 9. The base of the ventilation fan 30 is fixed to the back of the lower right end of the culture rack 3 by a bracket. The air inlet of the ventilation fan 30 is connected to the three-stage filter. The air exchange fan 30 is connected to the lower port of the air duct II 29 via a pipe. Each culture chamber 11 has a pre-set air exchange port 34 at a pre-set position in the air duct II 29. The air exchange port 34 is connected to a one-way solenoid valve 17 via a pipe. The other end of the one-way solenoid valve 17 is provided with a pre-set number of adjustable guide plates 26. Each culture chamber 11 is provided with a carbon dioxide sensor 32 and an oxygen sensor 33 at a pre-set position. Each culture chamber 11 has an exhaust port 35 at the upper end of the left side. The exhaust port 35 is connected to an external waste gas collection container via a hose.
[0024] It also includes a humidity compensation component 37, which includes an atomizing nozzle 38 and an ultrasonic humidifier 39. The atomizing nozzle 38 is located at the top inside the culture chamber 11, and the ultrasonic humidifier 39 is located outside the culture chamber 11. The atomizing nozzle 38 is connected to the water supply port of the ultrasonic humidifier 39 through a hose, and the water inlet of the ultrasonic humidifier 39 is connected to an external water supply device.
[0025] It also includes a power distribution controller 40, which includes a housing 41, a power supply unit 42, a controller 43, and an LCD touch screen 44. The controller 43 is configured with a modular structure with programmable logic. The controller 43 can independently adjust the temperature and humidity in each culture chamber 11 through a PID algorithm. The LCD touch screen 44 is located on the upper surface of the power distribution controller 40 and is connected to the controller 43 through wires. The input end of the power supply unit 42 is connected to an external DC power supply via a cable, and the output end of the power supply unit 42 is connected to the circulating centrifugal fan 14, the circulating fan 15, the one-way solenoid valve 17, the resistance heating wire array 21, the semiconductor cooling chip 22, the digital temperature and humidity sensor 24, the data acquisition module 25, the adjustable guide plate 26, the ventilation fan 30, the carbon dioxide sensor 32, the oxygen sensor 33, the ultrasonic humidifier 39, the controller 43, and the LCD touch screen 44 via cables. The controller 43 is connected to the circulating centrifugal fan 14, the circulating fan 15, the one-way solenoid valve 17, the resistance heating wire array 21, the semiconductor cooling chip 22, the digital temperature and humidity sensor 24, the data acquisition module 25, the adjustable guide plate 26, the ventilation fan 30, the carbon dioxide sensor 32, the oxygen sensor 33 and the ultrasonic humidifier 39 via control lines.
[0026] The culture rack 3 is made of high-strength steel; The bracket plate I8 and bracket plate II9 are made of rigid plastic, and the bracket plate II9 is configured with a breathable mesh structure; The thermal insulation layer 10 is made of transparent polyurethane material, and the front end of the thermal insulation layer 10 is designed to be detachable. Specific Implementation
[0027] The enoki mushroom cultivation and production enterprise uses the aforementioned edible fungus cultivation rack temperature control structure. In a cultivation room of a suitable size, the multi-layer frame structure is welded and assembled according to the design drawings to ensure the stability of the cultivation rack 3 structure. Each board and each piece of equipment is installed and fixed securely according to the reserved position. Except for the heat insulation layer 10 at the front end, the equipment is installed and sealed securely. Professional tools are used to fully test each piece of equipment to ensure there are no abnormalities. All equipment is connected according to the requirements using cables and control lines. The input end of the power supply unit 42 is connected to an external DC power supply that matches the requirements through a cable. The LCD touch screen 44 is automatically turned on. The controller 43 has programming logic function and stores various data instructions for temperature and humidity control of edible fungi. The staff can manually select the data instructions for temperature and humidity control of enoki mushroom mycelium on the operation interface of the LCD touch screen 44, or manually change the data instructions to debug the equipment in the early stage. After debugging without any abnormalities, place the enoki mushroom spawn bags one by one into each culture chamber 11. Pay attention to the spacing between the spawn bags within the same culture chamber 11. After placing all the spawn bags, securely install and seal the front heat insulation layer 10. Press the start button on the LCD touchscreen 44 operating interface. During the mycelial germination period, the target temperature within the culture chamber 11 stored by the controller 43 is 23℃, with a temperature fluctuation range of ±0.5℃. The intelligent temperature and humidity detection component 23 collects real-time temperature and humidity data from various parts within the same culture chamber 11 and from each layer of culture chamber 11. The collected temperature and humidity data is transmitted as digital signals to the data microprocessor through the communication input interface of the data acquisition module 25. The microprocessor processes and converts the data into digital signals that the controller can recognize. The communication output interface transmits data to the controller 43. The controller 43 independently adjusts the temperature and humidity in each culture chamber 11 using a PID algorithm. When the temperature is below 22.5℃, the controller 43 instructs each layer of heating unit 19 to start working. Based on the data, the controller 43 independently increases the current of each resistance heating wire array 21 as needed, and the temperature in each layer of culture chamber 11 gradually rises. When the temperature of a culture chamber 11 reaches 23℃, the controller 43 instructs the heating unit 19 of that culture chamber 11 to stop working. When the temperature is above 23.5℃, the controller 43 instructs each layer of cooling unit 20 to start working. Based on the data, the controller 43 independently instructs the semiconductor cooling chip 22 in each culture chamber 11 to transfer heat from the culture chamber 11 through heat dissipation fins and cooling fans to achieve cooling. When the temperature of a cooling unit 20 reaches 23℃, the controller 43 stops working. As the mycelium grows, the spawn bag enters the mycelial growth period. The target temperature in the culture chamber 11 stored by the controller 43 is 20℃, with a temperature fluctuation range of ±0.5℃. The controller 43 instructs each layer of cooling unit 20 to start working. The semiconductor cooling chip 22 in each culture chamber 11 transfers heat out of the culture chamber 11 to achieve cooling. When the temperature reaches 20℃, the cooling unit 20 stops working. During the mycelial germination and growth period, if the temperature of a single culture chamber 11 is lower or higher than the temperature fluctuation range, the controller 43 will instruct the heating unit 19 or cooling unit 20 of that layer to work according to the above steps until that layer reaches the target temperature and stops working. The three-dimensional circulation component 1 simultaneously performs intra-layer and inter-layer hot and cold circulation to ensure that the temperature of each part within the layer and each culture chamber 11 is basically constant. The circulating centrifugal fans 14 on the left and right sides of the culture chamber 11 work continuously, drawing air from the top of the culture chamber 11 where the temperature difference is large, and blowing it into the culture chamber 11 through the adjustable guide plate 26 at the air outlets on both sides of the culture chamber 11 to circulate inside the culture chamber 11. The controller 43 can adjust the direction of the adjustable guide plate 26 as needed to ensure that the temperature of each part within the culture chamber 11 is basically constant. The circulating fan 15 draws gas from the upper culture chamber 11, passes through the air duct I 16, and the controller 43 controls the opening of the one-way solenoid valve 17 corresponding to each culture chamber 11 as needed, blowing it into the culture chamber 11 through the adjustable guide plate 26 to perform inter-layer hot and cold circulation to ensure that the temperature within each culture chamber 11 is basically constant. Carbon dioxide sensor 32, oxygen sensor 33, and digital temperature and humidity sensor 24 work together to independently detect the dynamic balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in each culture chamber 11, as well as the temperature and humidity. When the air concentration in the culture chamber 11 reaches the lower limit and the humidity reaches the upper limit, the controller 43 instructs the ventilation fan 30 to start working. Outside air is purified by the three-stage filter 31, and fresh air enters the culture chamber 11 through the air duct II 29 and the one-way solenoid valve 17 via the ventilation port 34 and the adjustable guide plate 26. At the same time, the exhaust port 35 of each culture chamber 11 discharges carbon dioxide and metabolic waste gas into the external waste collection container for further processing. When the digital temperature and humidity sensor 24 detects that the humidity in each culture chamber 11 is lower than the lower limit, the controller 43 instructs the ultrasonic humidifier 39 to start working. The ultrasonic humidifier 39 draws water required for the culture mycelium from the external water supply equipment. The atomizing nozzles 38 in each culture chamber 11 independently perform humidity compensation according to the opening degree of the one-way solenoid valve 17, and stop working after reaching the set value. During the cultivation of enoki mushroom mycelium, staff regularly maintain and manage the equipment, and promptly handle any abnormalities. After the cultivation of enoki mushrooms is completed, all equipment undergoes a comprehensive inspection and maintenance, and any faulty equipment is replaced in a timely manner. After cleaning the temperature control structure of the edible mushroom cultivation rack, the cultivation of the next batch of enoki mushrooms can begin.
Claims
1. A temperature control structure for an edible fungus cultivation rack, comprising a three-dimensional circulation component (1), a two-way temperature regulating component (2), and a cultivation rack (3), characterized in that, The cultivation rack (3) is configured as a multi-layer frame structure. Columns (4) are provided at the four corners of the cultivation rack (3). Inside the cultivation rack (3), a predetermined number of frame I (6) and a predetermined number of frame II (7) are horizontally arranged by welding the columns (4) and beams (5). Frame II (7) is located at a predetermined position above frame I (6). A bracket plate I (8) is fixedly provided at the upper end of frame I (6). A bracket plate II (9) is fixedly provided at the upper end of frame II (7). A heat insulation layer (10) is sealed at the outer end of the cultivation rack (3). The bracket plate II (9), the adjacent bracket plate I (8) above, and the heat insulation layer (10) all constitute a cultivation cavity (11). The height of the cultivation cavity (11) is greater than the height of the edible fungus bag. The three-dimensional circulation assembly (1) includes an intralayer circulation unit (12) and an interlayer circulation unit (13). The intralayer circulation unit (12) includes two circulating centrifugal fans (14). The bases of the two circulating centrifugal fans (14) are respectively fixed to the outside of the two sides of the culture chamber (11) by brackets. The interlayer circulation unit (13) includes a circulating fan (15), a duct I (16) and a one-way solenoid valve (17). The duct I (16) is vertically fixed to the inside of the left rear column (4). The duct I (16) is engaged and fixed by the through hole I (18) opened by the bracket plate I (8) and the bracket plate II (9). The base of the circulating fan (15) is fixed to the back of the upper left end of the culture rack (3) by brackets. The bidirectional temperature control assembly (2) includes a heating unit (19) and a cooling unit (20). The heating unit (19) includes a resistance heating wire array (21), which is fixedly mounted on the center of the bracket plate I (8) by an insulating skeleton and a packaging layer. The cooling unit (20) includes a semiconductor cooling chip (22), which is mounted on the center of the top back of the culture chamber (11) by a fixing member.
2. The temperature control structure for an edible fungus cultivation rack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a temperature and humidity intelligent detection component (23), which includes a digital temperature and humidity sensor (24) and a data acquisition module (25). The digital temperature and humidity sensor (24) is installed at the four corners and the center of the culture chamber (11). The data acquisition module (25) is installed at a preset position on the back of the culture chamber (11). The data acquisition module (25) includes a microprocessor, a communication input interface and a communication output interface. The data acquisition module (25) collects the data collected by the digital temperature and humidity sensor (24) to achieve the purpose of data processing and conversion.
3. The temperature control structure for an edible fungus cultivation rack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet of the circulating centrifugal fan (14) is located in the middle of the culture chamber (11). The inlet of the circulating centrifugal fan (14) is connected to the port at one end of the hose. The other end of the hose is located in the middle of the top of the culture chamber (11). A preset number of adjustable guide plates (26) are provided at the outlet end of the circulating centrifugal fan (14). The air inlet of the circulating fan (15) is connected to the upper port of the air duct I (16) through a pipe, and the air outlet of the circulating fan (15) is connected to the side of the upper culture chamber (11) through a pipe. The lower port of the air duct I (16) is set as a sealed structure. Through holes II (27) are opened at preset positions in the air duct I (16) from the second layer to the lower culture chamber (11). The through holes II (27) are connected to one end of the one-way solenoid valve (17) through a pipe. The other end of the one-way solenoid valve (17) is provided with a preset number of adjustable guide plates (26).
4. The temperature control structure for an edible fungus cultivation rack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The size of the resistance heating wire array (21) matches the size of the bracket plate I (8), and the resistance heating wire array (21) is configured in a serpentine arrangement of resistance heating wires; The cold side of the semiconductor cooling chip (22) is disposed inside the culture chamber (11), and the hot side of the semiconductor cooling chip (22) is disposed outside the culture chamber (11). The hot side of the semiconductor cooling chip (22) is provided with heat dissipation fins and a heat dissipation fan.
5. The temperature control structure for an edible fungus cultivation rack as described in claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a ventilation and air exchange assembly (28), which includes a duct II (29), a ventilation fan (30), a three-stage filter (31), a carbon dioxide sensor (32), an oxygen sensor (33), an air exchange port (34), and an exhaust port (35). The upper port of the duct II (29) is set as a sealed structure. The duct II (29) is vertically fixed inside the right rear column (4). The duct II (29) is engaged and fixed by the through hole III (36) opened in the bracket plate I (8) and the bracket plate II (9). The base of the ventilation fan (30) is fixedly set on the back of the lower right end of the culture rack (3) by a bracket. The air inlet of the ventilation fan (30) is connected to the back of the culture rack (3). The three-stage filter (31) is connected, and the air outlet of the ventilation fan (30) is connected to the lower port of the air duct II (29) through a pipe. Each culture chamber (11) has a pre-set air exchange port (34) in the air duct II (29). The air exchange port (34) is connected to the one-way solenoid valve (17) through a pipe. The other end of the one-way solenoid valve (17) is provided with a pre-set number of adjustable guide plates (26). Each culture chamber (11) is provided with a carbon dioxide sensor (32) and an oxygen sensor (33) at a pre-set position. Each culture chamber (11) has an exhaust port (35) at the upper end of the left side of the culture chamber (11). The exhaust port (35) is connected to an external waste gas collection container through a hose.
6. The temperature control structure for an edible fungus cultivation rack as described in claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a humidity compensation component (37), which includes an atomizing nozzle (38) and an ultrasonic humidifier (39). The atomizing nozzle (38) is located at the top of the culture chamber (11), and the ultrasonic humidifier (39) is located outside the culture chamber (11). The atomizing nozzle (38) is connected to the water supply port of the ultrasonic humidifier (39) through a hose, and the water inlet of the ultrasonic humidifier (39) is connected to an external water supply device.
7. The temperature control structure for an edible fungus cultivation rack as described in claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a power distribution controller (40), which includes a housing (41), a power supply unit (42), a controller (43), and an LCD touch screen (44). The controller (43) is configured with a modular structure with programming logic. The controller (43) can independently adjust the temperature and humidity in each culture chamber (11) through a PID algorithm. The LCD touch screen (44) is located on the upper surface of the power distribution controller (40) and is connected to the controller (43) through wires. The input end of the power supply unit (42) is connected to an external DC power supply via a cable, and the output end of the power supply unit (42) is connected to a circulating centrifugal fan (14), a circulating fan (15), a one-way solenoid valve (17), a resistance heating wire array (21), a semiconductor cooling chip (22), a digital temperature and humidity sensor (24), a data acquisition module (25), an adjustable guide plate (26), a ventilation fan (30), a carbon dioxide sensor (32), an oxygen sensor (33), an ultrasonic humidifier (39), a controller (43), and an LCD touch screen (44) via a cable. The controller is connected to a circulating centrifugal fan (14), a circulating fan (15), a one-way solenoid valve (17), a resistance heating wire array (21), a semiconductor cooling chip (22), a digital temperature and humidity sensor (24), a data acquisition module (25), an adjustable guide plate (26), an air exchange fan (30), a carbon dioxide sensor (32), an oxygen sensor (33), and an ultrasonic humidifier (39) via control lines.
8. The temperature control structure for an edible fungus cultivation rack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The culture rack (3) is made of high-strength steel. The bracket plate I (8) and bracket plate II (9) are made of rigid plastic material, and the bracket plate II (9) is set as a breathable mesh structure; The thermal insulation layer (10) is made of transparent polyurethane material, and the front end of the thermal insulation layer (10) is designed to be detachable.