Temporary fixation device for internal fixation of bone fractures

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of medical devices, especially is concerned about a kind of temporary fixing device for fracture internal fixation technique.The technology includes the bottom plate of horizontal arrangement, the left top and right top of bottom plate are all set up with several upper and lower intercommunicating fixed slots, each fixed slot is all fixed with mounting block, each mounting block is all installed with the needle tube for kirschner wire independent crossing, and the locking assembly for the angle of needle tube swing after clamping and the adjusting assembly for changing the locking assembly needle tube clamping degree are installed in each mounting block.The utility model places bottom plate in the place where does not affect steel plate placement position, passes through the kirschner wire of several needle tubes respectively located in the left end and right end of bottom plate, and can complete the temporary fixing to fracture end two sides under the premise of not affecting steel plate placement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a temporary fixation device for internal fixation surgery of fractures. Background Technology

[0002] Limb fractures are common traumas in orthopedic clinics, and in most cases require open reduction and internal fixation surgery, i.e., plate and screw fixation. Before installing the plate, the fracture needs to be reduced, that is, the broken ends need to be restored to their original aligned positions. The most challenging aspect of the surgery is how to maintain this reduced state before the plate is fixed, especially for severe comminuted fractures. Currently, there are several commonly used methods in clinical practice: ① An assistant directly grasps the broken ends with both hands to hold them in place; ② Or uses different types of reduction forceps or bone-holding forceps to clamp the broken ends to hold them in place; ③ Or uses Kirschner wires (a type of steel wire) to temporarily fix the broken ends.

[0003] Methods ① and ②, whether using hands or bone forceps, will hinder plate placement. If the hands or forceps are removed, the plate must be placed on the bone surface first, requiring repositioning. Moreover, the presence of the plate partially affects the maintenance of reduction, which is contradictory. As for method ③, temporary fixation with Kirschner wires, because Kirschner wires are small, they usually do not affect plate installation. However, in severely comminuted fractures, Kirschner wires often have no bone to attach to, thus failing to play their intended role. Therefore, a small, stable, and relatively stable temporary auxiliary fixation device that does not affect plate placement is needed to maintain reduction and create conditions for subsequent plate installation. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a temporary fixation device for internal fixation of fractures, which can maintain the reduction of the fracture ends without affecting the placement of the plate.

[0005] The aforementioned temporary fixation device for internal fixation of fractures includes a horizontally positioned base plate. Several vertically connected fixation slots are provided on the top left and top right of the base plate. Each fixation slot contains a mounting block. Each mounting block is equipped with a needle tube with an adjustable tilt angle for independent passage of Kirschner wires. Each mounting block also contains a locking component for locking the needle tube at its angle after swinging and an adjusting component for changing the degree of locking of the locking component on the needle tube.

[0006] Furthermore, the top of the mounting block has a mounting hole that is open from top to bottom, and the wall of the mounting hole has a mounting groove.

[0007] Furthermore, a spherical universal joint with a through hole is fixed at the bottom of the needle tube. The through hole and the needle tube are on the same axis, and the diameter of the through hole is the same as the inner diameter of the needle tube. The spherical universal joint is located in the mounting hole of the mounting block and is spherically hinged to it.

[0008] Furthermore, the locking assembly includes a slider located in the mounting groove of the mounting block and slidingly engaging with it from left to right. An arc-shaped spring is fixed to the end of the slider facing the spherical universal joint. When the arc-shaped spring is in contact with the spherical universal joint, the slider is in contact with the bottom of the mounting groove.

[0009] Furthermore, the front and rear ends of the slider are both fitted with first sliding rods that slide left and right with it, and one end of each of the two first sliding rods is fixed to the bottom of the mounting groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the adjustment component includes a trapezoidal block located between the slider and the bottom of the mounting groove. The trapezoidal block has a structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom and slides vertically with the mounting groove. A flat-head screw with a threaded engagement is threaded through the upper end of the mounting block and is used to push the trapezoidal block to move downward.

[0011] Furthermore, two second sliding rods are fixed to the lower wall of the mounting groove, and the trapezoidal block is fitted onto the two second sliding rods and slides up and down with them.

[0012] Furthermore, the end of the slider facing the bottom of the mounting groove has an arc-shaped structure with a central arch.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention, after placing the base plate in a location that does not interfere with the placement of the steel plate, inserts Kirschner wires into several tubes located at the left and right ends of the base plate. Each Kirschner wire penetrates a layer of cortical bone on a different side of the fracture end. This allows for temporary fixation of both sides of the fracture end without affecting the placement of the steel plate. Only a minimum of two Kirschner wires are needed to maintain the fracture end in a continuously reduced state. Furthermore, this invention is small in size, low in cost, easy to operate, and causes minimal additional damage. Because the tilt angle of the tubes is adjustable, the fixation effect can be improved by ensuring that the drilling direction of each Kirschner wire is not exactly the same, and the tilt angle can be adjusted to avoid fixing bone that does not need immediate fixation, thus adapting to different fracture scenarios. This invention also uses locking and adjusting components to ensure that the tubes remain stably in their current position after swinging to a suitable angle, thus preventing changes in the tube angle during drilling. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Top view; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting block; Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the usage state of this utility model; The components in the diagram are named as follows: 1. Base plate; 2. Needle tube; 3. Ball joint; 4. Mounting block; 5. Flathead screw; 6. Trapezoidal block; 7. Slider; 8. Second slide rod; 9. Arc-shaped spring; 10. First slide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. Example

[0016] This embodiment describes a temporary fixation device for internal fixation of fractures, comprising a horizontally positioned base plate 1. The top left and top right of the base plate 1 each have several vertically communicating fixation slots. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, there are 3 fixing slots on each side. The minimum distance between the fixing slots on the left and right sides is 2-3 cm. The maximum distance between the fixing slot on the left side and the left side wall of the base plate 1 is 2-3 cm, and the maximum distance between the fixing slot on the right side and the right side wall of the base plate 1 is 2-3 cm. Compared with the steel plate used to fix the fracture site, the device is smaller in size. This means that the device can select the appropriate size according to the required fixation position and the degree of fracture. The base plate 1 is made of titanium plate, which is small in size, does not affect the operation of steel plate screw fixation, and has plasticity, making it suitable for different fracture scenarios. refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 Each fixing slot is fixed with a mounting block 4, and each mounting block 4 is equipped with a needle tube 2 with an adjustable tilt angle for independent passage of Kirschner wires. In this embodiment, after the base plate 1 is placed in a location that does not affect the placement of the steel plate, Kirschner wires are inserted into several needle tubes 2 located at the left and right ends of the base plate 1, and the Kirschner wires at both ends drill through a layer of cortical bone on different sides of the fracture end. At this time, temporary fixation of both sides of the fracture end can be achieved. Thus, only a minimum of 2 Kirschner wires are needed to achieve the fixation effect of maintaining the fracture end in a continuously reduced state. It is small in size, low in cost, easy to operate, and causes little additional damage. Furthermore, since the tilt angle of the needle tube 2 is adjustable, the fixation effect can be improved by making the drilling direction of each Kirschner wire not exactly the same. Figure 5 As shown, the tilt angle can be adjusted to avoid fixing bones that do not need immediate fixation, thus adapting to different fracture scenarios. like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the top of the mounting block 4 has a mounting hole that is open from top to bottom, and the wall of the mounting hole has a mounting groove. The bottom of the needle tube 2 is fixed with a ball joint 3 with a through hole. The through hole and the needle tube 2 are on the same axis, and the diameter of the through hole is the same as the inner diameter of the needle tube 2. The ball joint 3 is located in the mounting hole of the mounting block 4 and is spherically hinged to it. The diameter of the needle tube 2 is 2-3 mm, which can be used for Kirschner wires of different diameters to meet the differences in the thickness of different bones. refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 Each mounting block 4 has a mounting groove with a slider 7 that slides left and right with it. The end of each slider 7 facing the spherical universal joint 3 can be fixed with an arc-shaped spring 9. When the arc-shaped spring 9 is in contact with the spherical universal joint 3, the slider 7 is in contact with the bottom of the mounting groove (the slider 7 and the arc-shaped spring 9 in this paragraph constitute the locking assembly for locking the angle of the needle tube 2 after swinging. In actual application, the arc-shaped spring 9 can be a rubber pad). In this embodiment, by moving the slider 7 towards the spherical universal joint 3, the arc-shaped spring 9 is pressed against the spherical universal joint 3, thereby achieving the effect of restricting the rotation of the spherical universal joint 3, thus achieving the purpose of fixing the angle of the needle tube 2 after swinging. The front and rear ends of the slider 7 are both through-mounted with first sliding rods 10 that slide left and right with it. One end of each of the two first sliding rods 10 is fixed to the bottom of the mounting groove, that is, the slider 7 can only move left and right by the two first sliding rods 10. refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A trapezoidal block 6 is provided between the slider 7 and the bottom of the mounting groove. The trapezoidal block 6 has a structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom and slides vertically with the mounting groove. A flat-head screw 5 (an adjustment component for changing the tightness of the locking assembly on the needle tube 2) is threaded through the upper end of the mounting block 4 and is used to push the trapezoidal block 6 downward. In this embodiment, the trapezoidal block 6 is pushed downward by rotating the flat-head screw 5. Since the trapezoidal block 6 is located between the slider 7 and the bottom of the mounting groove and has a structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, the slider 7 will move closer to the spherical universal joint 3 as it moves downward. This makes the arc-shaped spring 9 press against the spherical universal joint 3 more and more, thus ensuring that the spherical universal joint 3 is fully pressed and avoiding the situation where the spherical universal joint 3 is too loose during use, which would cause the angle of the needle tube 2 to change during drilling. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the head of the flat-head screw 5 is located above the mounting block 4, and the tail of the flat-head screw 5 is located in the mounting groove of the mounting block 4 and abuts against the top of the trapezoidal block 6. The inclined surface of the trapezoidal block 6 contacts the side of the slider 7 facing the bottom of the mounting groove. Two second sliding rods 8 are fixed to the lower wall of the mounting groove. The trapezoidal block 6 is fitted on the two second sliding rods 8 and slides up and down with them. The two second sliding rods 8 restrict the trapezoidal block 6 to only move up and down. like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, each mounting block 4 has at least one set of locking components and adjusting components that cooperate with each other. In this embodiment, two sets are used and they are symmetrical to each other, so as to further improve the clamping effect on the ball joint 3.

[0017] In this embodiment, the base plate 1 is first placed on the side of the fracture site that does not affect the placement of the steel plate. Then, according to the required fixation position and the degree of fracture, the needle tubes 2 at both ends of the base plate 1 are swung to a suitable angle. Then, the Kirschner wires are drilled through a layer of bone cortex along the tubes 2 until Kirschner wires are inserted into both sides of the fracture end. At this point, the temporary fixation of the fracture site is completed. Subsequently, a steel plate is placed on the other side of the bone to fix both ends of the fracture for a long time. Finally, the Kirschner wires are removed to complete the fixation of the fracture site. Example

[0018] This embodiment further illustrates the technology. The end of the slider 7 facing the bottom of the mounting groove has an arc-shaped structure with a central arch, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the end of the slider 7 facing the mounting groove is the side that contacts the trapezoidal block 6. When the flat-head screw 5 moves upward, because this surface has an arc-shaped structure, the elastic force of the arc-shaped spring 9 will push the trapezoidal block 6 to move upward automatically under the action of the arc-shaped surface, thereby reducing the tightness of the arc-shaped spring 9 against the ball universal joint 3. This achieves the purpose of moving the flat-head screw 5 down to tighten the ball universal joint 3 and moving the flat-head screw 5 up to loosen the ball universal joint 3, thus avoiding the ball universal joint 3 being adjusted to an overly tight state and making it difficult to swing the tilt angle of the needle tube 2.

Claims

1. A temporary fixation device for internal fixation of fractures, comprising a horizontally arranged base plate (1), characterized in that: The top left and top right of the base plate (1) are provided with several vertically connected fixing slots. Each fixing slot is fixed with a mounting block (4). Each mounting block (4) is equipped with a needle tube (2) with an adjustable tilt angle for independent passage of Kirschner needles. Each mounting block (4) is equipped with a locking component for clamping the angle of the needle tube (2) after swinging and an adjustment component for changing the degree of clamping of the locking component on the needle tube (2).

2. The temporary fixation device for internal fixation of fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the mounting block (4) is provided with a mounting hole that is open from top to bottom, and the wall of the mounting hole is provided with a mounting groove.

3. The temporary fixation device for internal fixation of fractures according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the needle tube (2) is fixed with a spherical universal joint (3) with a through hole. The through hole is on the same axis as the needle tube (2) and the diameter of the through hole is the same as the inner diameter of the needle tube (2). The spherical universal joint (3) is located in the mounting hole of the mounting block (4) and is spherically hinged to it.

4. The temporary fixation device for internal fixation of fractures according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking assembly includes a slider (7) located in the mounting groove of the mounting block (4) and slidingly engaged with it. An arc-shaped spring piece (9) is fixed to one end of the slider (7) facing the spherical universal joint (3). When the arc-shaped spring piece (9) is in contact with the spherical universal joint (3), the slider (7) is in contact with the bottom of the mounting groove.

5. The temporary fixation device for internal fixation of fractures according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the slider (7) are both fitted with first sliding rods (10) that slide left and right together. One end of each of the two first sliding rods (10) is fixed to the bottom of the mounting groove.

6. The temporary fixation device for internal fixation of fractures according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes a trapezoidal block (6) located between the slider (7) and the bottom of the mounting groove. The trapezoidal block (6) has a structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom and slides vertically with the mounting groove. The upper end of the mounting block (4) is fitted with a flat-head screw (5) that is threaded with it and is used to push the trapezoidal block (6) to move downward.

7. The temporary fixation device for internal fixation of fractures according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower wall of the mounting groove is fixed with two second sliding rods (8), and the trapezoidal block (6) is fitted on the two second sliding rods (8) and slides up and down with them.

8. The temporary fixation device for internal fixation of fractures according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the slider (7) facing the bottom of the mounting groove has an arc-shaped structure with an arch in the middle.

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