Apparatus for gas capture

Abstract

The present application provides a gas capturing device. The gas capturing device comprises a gas atomization device configured to generate atomized gas; a gas absorption device configured to receive the atomized gas, wherein the gas atomization device is disposed in the gas absorption device; a heat exchanger connected to the gas absorption device; a gas desorption device connected to the heat exchanger, wherein the gas desorption device comprises a heating source; an internal circulation pipe connected to the gas desorption device; a heating device surrounding a portion of the internal circulation pipe; and a sprayer disposed in the gas desorption device and connected to the internal circulation pipe. The gas capturing device can improve the gas capturing rate of carbon dioxide and reduce the energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a gas capture device, and more particularly to a gas capture device that improves the gas capture rate and reduces energy consumption. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, human industrial and technological development has led to the consumption of large amounts of fossil fuels, resulting in a significant increase in greenhouse gas emissions (such as carbon dioxide). Therefore, developing carbon capture technologies to reduce carbon dioxide concentrations has become a policy actively promoted by countries worldwide, with post-combustion capture technology showing the greatest potential.

[0003] Post-combustion capture technology includes absorption methods, which first absorb the gas using physical or chemical absorption. Chemical absorption is currently the most widely used carbon capture method in industry. Taking carbon dioxide as an example, chemical absorption involves reacting carbon dioxide with an absorbent liquid, followed by heating to desorb (release) the carbon dioxide, thereby achieving carbon dioxide separation. However, the carbon capture effect achievable by chemical absorption is limited by the reactivity between the gas and the absorbent liquid. Generally, increasing gas-liquid contact is a key step in carbon dioxide capture, significantly improving carbon dioxide solubility and capture rate. Known technologies utilize injectors, bubblers, fluidic venturi reactors, sprayers, gas filters, trays, catalytic bubble column reactors, tubular reactors, and packed column reactors to increase the gas-liquid contact area, further accelerating the carbon dioxide absorption process. Another known technology involves spraying waste gas and wastewater through a specific spray pattern to form mist-like droplets, thereby increasing the gas-liquid contact time and reaction efficiency through mist diffusion.

[0004] The aforementioned methods of using bubblers, packed tower reactors, and sprayers all have their drawbacks, failing to achieve the default gas capture rate and efficiency for the target gas, and requiring a significant amount of energy consumption.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a gas capture device to effectively improve the gas capture effect and reduce energy consumption. Utility Model Content

[0006] One aspect of this invention is to provide a gas capture device that utilizes a gas microparticle device to enhance the absorption efficiency of carbon dioxide and a heating device and a sprayer to enhance the desorption efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, a gas capture device is provided. The gas capture device includes a gas atomizing device configured to generate atomized gas; a gas absorption device configured to receive the atomized gas, wherein the gas atomizing device is disposed within the gas absorption device; a heat exchanger connected to the gas absorption device; a gas desorption device connected to the heat exchanger, wherein the gas desorption device includes a heating source; an inner circulation pipe connected to the gas desorption device; a heating device surrounding a portion of the inner circulation pipe; and a sprayer disposed in the gas desorption device and connected to the inner circulation pipe.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the gas microparticle atomization device includes a static mixer and / or a foamer.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the gas absorption device includes a stirrer.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the gas capture device further includes a vacuum pump connected to the gas absorption device.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the gas absorption device is configured to contain an absorbent, and the gas microparticle device is disposed below the liquid surface of the absorbent within the gas absorption device.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the gas capture device further includes a degassing device connecting the gas absorption device and the heat exchanger.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, part of the aforementioned internal circulation tube is a static mixer.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the heating device directly contacts the portion surrounding the inner circulation pipe.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the heating device does not directly contact the portion surrounding the inner circulation pipe.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the gas capture device further includes an absorbent filling device connected to a gas desorption device.

[0017] The gas capture device of this novel invention utilizes a gas microparticle device to enhance the absorption efficiency of carbon dioxide and a heating device and sprayer to improve the desorption efficiency of carbon dioxide, thereby increasing the carbon dioxide capture rate and significantly reducing energy consumption. It is worth noting that in some practical applications, the gas absorption device of this novel gas capture device can be used independently to absorb carbon dioxide with an absorbent until saturation, and then supplied to the gas desorption device via pipelines or a transport system for the carbon dioxide desorption step. Attached Figure Description

[0018] A better understanding of the features disclosed herein will be achieved by reading the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, as is standard practice in the industry, many features are not drawn to scale. In fact, for clarity of discussion, the dimensions of many features may be arbitrarily scaled.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a gas capture device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a gas capture method according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3A , Figure 3B and Figure 3C This displays the measurement results of carbon dioxide desorption concentration according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] Figure label:

[0023] 100: Gas capture equipment

[0024] 105: Intake pipe

[0025] 110: Gas microparticle atomization device

[0026] 120: Gas absorption device

[0027] 130: Degassing device

[0028] 140: Heat exchanger

[0029] 150: Gas desorption device

[0030] 160: Heating source

[0031] 170: Heating device

[0032] 180: Internal circulation pipe

[0033] 185: Sprayer

[0034] 190: Absorbent filling device

[0035] 200: Methods of Gas Capture

[0036] 201,203,205,207,209,211,213,215,217,219,221: Operations

[0037] 301, 303, 305: Measurement results of carbon dioxide desorption concentration Detailed Implementation

[0038] Numerous different embodiments or illustrations are provided below to implement various features of the novel. The specific examples of components and arrangements described below are for the purpose of simplifying this disclosure. These are, of course, merely illustrative and are not intended to be limiting. For example, the dimensions of components are not limited to the ranges or values ​​disclosed, but depend on the desired characteristics of the device. Furthermore, descriptions of a first feature being formed on or above a second feature include embodiments where the first and second features are in direct contact, as well as embodiments where other features are formed between the first and second features such that the first and second features are not in direct contact. In addition, reference values ​​and / or letters are repeated in various specific examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplifying and clarifying the description and does not imply a relationship between the various discussed embodiments and / or configurations.

[0039] As used in this invention, "around," "about," "approximately," or "substantially" generally mean within 20 percent, 10 percent, or 5 percent of the stated value or range.

[0040] As described above, this invention provides a gas capture device that utilizes a continuous absorption system to improve the absorption efficiency of carbon dioxide, and utilizes a gas microparticle device therein to effectively enhance the absorption effect of the reactor on carbon dioxide. Furthermore, it uses a heating device and a sprayer to improve the desorption efficiency of carbon dioxide, thereby increasing the gas capture rate of carbon dioxide and significantly reducing energy consumption.

[0041] Please see Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a gas capture device 100 according to some embodiments of the present invention. The gas capture device 100 includes a gas microparticle device 110, which is configured to microparticle a gas to generate microparticle gas. In some embodiments, the gas capture device 100 further includes an inlet pipe 105 configured to introduce a mixed gas, wherein the inlet pipe 105 is connected to the gas microparticle device 110. In some embodiments, before entering the gas microparticle device 110 through the inlet pipe 105, the mixed gas may selectively pass through a filter device to filter particulate matter in the mixed gas. In some specific examples, the filter device may be, for example, electrostatic, metal mesh, or non-woven fabric, technologies well known in general factories, which are not within the scope of the present invention and will not be described further here. In some embodiments, the gas microparticle device 110 may be a static mixer and / or a foamer. The purpose of the gas microparticle device 110 is to miniaturize the gas mixture into bubbles with a diameter of micrometers to nanometers, thereby increasing the contact area between the gas and the liquid, which is beneficial for subsequent absorption steps. The gas mixture contains the carbon dioxide that is to be absorbed.

[0042] The gas capture device 100 includes a gas absorption unit 120 configured to receive particulate gas. In some embodiments, at least one absorbent is placed within the gas absorption unit 120. In the foregoing embodiments, the absorbent may be potassium acetate (CH3COOK), ethanolamine (MEA), or a mixture of both. In some specific examples, the concentration of the potassium acetate absorbent is from about 15M to about 25M, preferably about 20M, and the concentration of the ethanolamine absorbent is preferably about 30wt%. When the concentration of the absorbent is within the aforementioned range, carbon dioxide absorption can be effectively achieved without unnecessary waste. In some embodiments, the gas absorption unit 120 includes a stirrer to accelerate the mixing efficiency of the gas and the absorbent liquid. In some specific examples, the rotation speed of the stirrer in the gas absorption unit 120 is from about 500 rpm to about 3000 rpm. The gas absorption unit 120 is configured to mix the absorbent liquid with the carbon dioxide to be absorbed in the mixed gas.

[0043] In some embodiments, the aforementioned gas atomizing device 110 is configured to be immersed in the absorbent liquid within the gas absorption device 120, meaning the liquid level of the absorbent liquid must be higher than the installation position of the gas atomizing device 110. This allows the atomized gas generated by the gas atomizing device 110 to dissolve more completely in the absorbent liquid, forming a reaction solution.

[0044] In some embodiments, the gas capture device 100 may optionally include a vacuum pump connected to the gas absorption device 120 to evacuate the space outside the reaction solution of the gas absorption device 120, thereby eliminating mixed gas foam that overflows from the surface of the reaction solution.

[0045] The gas capture device 100 includes a heat exchanger 140 connected to a gas absorption device 120. The heat exchanger 140 is configured to preheat the reaction solution in the gas absorption device 120 as it flows through, thereby improving the subsequent desorption efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0046] In some embodiments, the gas capture device 100 selectively includes a degassing device 130, wherein the degassing device 130 is connected to the gas absorption device 120 and the heat exchanger 140. In some embodiments, the degassing device 130 may be connected to a pump for a vacuuming step. In some embodiments, the degassing device 130 may be, for example, a centrifuge, which uses high-speed centrifugation to remove microbubbles from the reaction solution to improve degassing efficiency. In some specific examples, the centrifuge rotates at a speed of about 500 rpm to about 3000 rpm. The degassing device 130 is configured to treat the reaction solution in the gas absorption device 120 to remove microbubbles in order to increase the concentration of carbon dioxide, wherein the reaction solution contains carbon dioxide and an absorbent.

[0047] The gas capture device 100 includes a gas desorption unit 150 connected to a heat exchanger 140. The gas desorption unit 150 is configured to desorb carbon dioxide from the reaction solution. After passing through the gas desorption unit 150, carbon dioxide with a high concentration, such as greater than 90%, is generated. In some embodiments, the gas desorption unit 150 includes a heat source 160, which first raises the temperature of the reaction solution to approximately 80°C to approximately 130°C, thereby heating the reaction solution to desorb carbon dioxide from the reaction solution.

[0048] The gas capture device 100 includes an inner circulation tube 180, which is connected to a gas desorption device 150. In some embodiments, a portion of the inner circulation tube 180 may be replaced by a static mixer to even out the temperature of the reaction solution flowing through the inner circulation tube 180, preventing localized overheating or cooling. In some embodiments, the outer side of the inner circulation tube 180 is made of a magnetic material, such as a non-stainless steel iron, for example, black iron, and the inner side is made of a rust-resistant material, such as a stainless steel alloy.

[0049] The gas capture device 100 includes a heating element 170, which surrounds a portion of the inner circulation pipe 180. The heating element 170 further raises the temperature of the reaction solution flowing through the inner circulation pipe 180 to approximately 150°C to approximately 250°C, thereby instantaneously heating the reaction solution and relatively reducing the amount of heat required from the heating source 160 to heat the reaction solution in the gas desorption device 150, thus reducing overall energy consumption. In some embodiments, the heating element 170 may be, for example, a heating band, a high-frequency wave, an electromagnetic wave, a microwave, etc. The heating band may directly contact and surround a portion of the inner circulation pipe 180, while the high-frequency wave, electromagnetic wave, microwave, etc., may not directly contact or surround a portion of the inner circulation pipe 180. In this way, the reaction solution flowing through the inner circulation pipe 180 is instantaneously heated using the heating element 170. It is worth noting that the energy required for the heating element 170 may be provided, for example, by waste heat from a factory.

[0050] The gas capture device 100 includes a sprayer 185 disposed within a gas desorption device 150 and connected to an inner circulation pipe 180. In some embodiments, the sprayer 185 is configured to spray a reaction solution into the gas desorption device 150. In this embodiment, the sprayer 185 has fine orifices to form the reaction solution into droplets. In some embodiments, the sprayer 185 can form the reaction solution into a mist-like droplet. Using the sprayer 185 on the inner circulation pipe 180 to form the reaction solution into droplets increases the contact area of ​​the reaction solution, thereby improving the desorption efficiency of carbon dioxide. In some embodiments, the sprayer 185 can be instantaneously heated by a heating device 170, thereby reducing overall energy consumption.

[0051] In some embodiments, the gas absorption device 120 of the gas capture device 100 can be used alone to absorb carbon dioxide with an absorbent until saturation and then supply it to the gas desorption device 150 for the carbon dioxide desorption step.

[0052] In some embodiments, the gas capture device 100 may selectively include an absorbent filling device 190, wherein the absorbent filling device 190 is connected to the gas desorption device 150. The absorbent filling device 190 is configured to fill absorbent into the gas absorption device 120. The absorbent is filled in such a manner that it flows from the absorbent filling device 190 to the gas desorption device 150, then into the heat exchanger 140, and finally from the heat exchanger 140 into the gas absorption device 120.

[0053] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a gas capture method 200 according to some embodiments of the present invention. The following utilizes... Figure 1 and Figure 2 This describes the process of gas capture. First, proceed with operation 201, providing gas capture equipment, such as... Figure 1 The gas capture device 100 is then used. Next, operation 203 is performed, in which a first absorbent is added to the gas absorption device 120. In some embodiments, the first absorbent may be, for example, potassium acetate, ethanolamine, or a mixture of both.

[0054] Method 200 may proceed to operation 205, introducing a mixed gas into the gas atomizing device 110 of the gas capture apparatus 100. In some embodiments, the mixed gas is introduced from the inlet pipe 105 into the gas atomizing device 110 to generate atomized gas. In some embodiments, the mixed gas contains carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide has a first concentration in the mixed gas. In some specific examples, the first concentration is from about 4% to about 20%.

[0055] Next, operation 207 is performed, introducing particulate gas into the gas absorption device 120. After operation 207, the particulate gas (mixed gas) is released into the gas absorption device 120, where carbon dioxide in the particulate gas reacts with the absorbent to form a first reaction solution. In some embodiments, the flow rate of the mixed gas is from approximately 100 mL / min to approximately 2000 mL / min. It should be noted that the flow rate of the mixed gas can be adjusted according to the size of the equipment and piping.

[0056] Then, operation 209 is performed, in which the first reaction solution is introduced into the heat exchanger 140 for a preheating step to obtain the second reaction solution. In some embodiments, prior to operation 209, the first reaction solution may be selectively introduced into a degassing device 130 to remove microbubbles from the reaction solution. In the foregoing embodiments, a vacuuming step and / or centrifugation step may be performed in the degassing device 130.

[0057] Next, operation 211 is performed, introducing the second reaction solution into the gas desorption device 150. Then, operation 213 is performed, using a heat source 160 to perform a first heating step on the second reaction solution to obtain a third reaction solution. In some embodiments, the heating temperature of the first heating step is from about 80°C to about 130°C. This temperature range is used to heat the second reaction solution to a suitable temperature first to avoid excessive energy consumption.

[0058] Next, operation 215 is performed, introducing the third reaction solution into the internal circulation pipe 180. Then, operation 217 is performed, using the heating device 170 to perform a second heating step on the third reaction solution to obtain the fourth reaction solution. In some embodiments, the heating temperature of the second heating step is from about 150°C to about 250°C. The aforementioned heating temperature range allows the temperature of the third reaction solution to be further increased to a higher temperature, sufficient to rapidly desorb carbon dioxide from the reaction solution, thereby reducing the time required for carbon dioxide desorption and thus reducing overall energy consumption.

[0059] Next, operation 219 is performed, in which the fourth reaction solution is introduced into the gas desorption device 150 through the sprayer 185 of the internal circulation pipe 180. The sprayer 185 can cause the reaction solution to form droplets, thereby increasing the contact area of ​​the reaction solution and thus improving the desorption efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0060] Next, operation 221 is performed to desorb carbon dioxide, thereby removing carbon dioxide from the reaction solution. This allows the gas desorption device 150 to separate carbon dioxide with a second concentration greater than the first concentration, for example, equal to or greater than 90%.

[0061] In some embodiments, after carbon dioxide is separated by the gas desorption device 150, a fourth reaction solution containing the absorbent can be selectively introduced from the gas desorption device 150 into the heat exchanger 140 for heat recovery and absorbent regeneration. In the foregoing embodiments, the absorbent after the regeneration step can be reintroduced into the gas absorption device 120 for reuse in carbon dioxide absorption.

[0062] In some embodiments, when the first absorbent in the gas absorption device 120 is insufficient, an absorbent filling step may be performed. In some embodiments, the filling step includes first adding a second absorbent to the absorbent filling device 190, wherein the absorbent filling device 190 is connected to the gas desorption device 150, and the first absorbent and the second absorbent may be the same or different. Next, the second absorbent enters the heat exchanger 140 for a cooling step. Preferably, the second absorbent is cooled to near room temperature (e.g., 25°C to 30°C) before being introduced into the gas absorption device 120 to fill it with new absorbent.

[0063] The following examples illustrate the application of this invention, but they are not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] Example 1 describes the capture of carbon dioxide using the novel gas capture device 100. The gas microparticle atomizing device 110 is a foamer. The gas absorption device 120 is equipped with a stirrer with a rotation speed set to 1000 rpm. The carbon dioxide concentration of the mixed gas introduced through the inlet pipe 105 is 10%, and the gas flow rate is 100 mL / min. The absorbent in the gas absorption device 120 is potassium acetate with a concentration of 20 M, and the liquid volume containing the absorbent is 1600 mL. The heating temperature of the heating source 160 is 120°C, and the heating temperature of the heating device 170 is 200°C. After gas capture using the gas capture device of Example 1, the carbon dioxide capture rate of Example 1 was calculated to be 99.7%.

[0066] Examples 2 to 5

[0067] Examples 2 to 5 utilize a similar gas capture process to Example 1 for carbon dioxide capture, the difference being that the gas flow rates in Examples 2 to 5 are 300 mL / min, 500 mL / min, 1000 mL / min, and 2000 mL / min, respectively. After gas capture using the equipment described in Examples 2 to 5, the calculated carbon dioxide capture rates for Examples 2 to 5 are 99.4%, 80%, 54.4%, and 32.5%, respectively.

[0068] Comparative Examples 1 to 5

[0069] Comparative Examples 1 to 5 used a similar gas capture process to Example 1 to capture carbon dioxide, the difference being that the gas capture equipment in Comparative Examples 1 to 5 did not have a gas microparticle device, and the gas flow rates in Comparative Examples 2 to 5 were 300 mL / min, 500 mL / min, 1000 mL / min, and 2000 mL / min, respectively. After gas capture using the equipment in Comparative Examples 1 to 5, the calculated carbon dioxide capture rates were 19%, 16.9%, 15.7%, 14.4%, and 13.2%, respectively.

[0070] Example 6

[0071] Example 6 uses a gas capture process similar to that of Example 1 to capture carbon dioxide, the difference being that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the mixed gas introduced from the inlet pipe 105 in Example 6 is 4.08%.

[0072] Comparative Examples 6 and 7

[0073] Comparative Examples 6 and 7 utilize a similar gas capture process to Example 6 to capture carbon dioxide. The difference lies in that the gas capture device in Comparative Example 6 does not have a heating device, an internal circulation pipe, or a sprayer. Instead, the reaction solution is heated to a temperature of 120°C by a heating source in the gas desorption device to induce desorption. In Comparative Example 7, the heating source 160 has a heating temperature of 130°C, but the heating device 170 is not used for heating. The reaction solution is only introduced into the gas desorption device 150 for desorption through the internal circulation pipe 180 and the sprayer 185.

[0074] Please see Figures 3A to 3C , Figures 3A to 3C These figures show the measurement results of carbon dioxide desorption concentrations in Example 6 and Comparative Examples 6 and 7 according to this invention, respectively. From... Figure 3A The measurement results 301 of the carbon dioxide desorption concentration in Example 6 show that, after 25 minutes of gas capture, the concentration of carbon dioxide separated from the gas desorption device in Example 6 can reach 100%, and the energy consumption calculated by the power meter is 36 GJ / ton CO2. From Figure 3B The measurement results 303 of the carbon dioxide desorption concentration in Comparative Example 6 show that after 160 minutes of gas capture, the concentration of carbon dioxide separated from the gas desorption device in Comparative Example 6 was 0%, meaning that no carbon dioxide desorption occurred. From Figure 3CThe measurement results 305 of the carbon dioxide desorption concentration in Comparative Example 7 show that it takes 130 minutes of gas capture for the carbon dioxide concentration separated from the gas desorption device to reach 100%, and the energy consumption calculated by the power meter is 400 GJ / ton CO2. This shows that the gas capture device of Example 6 can desorb carbon dioxide at a concentration of 100% in a short time, and can reduce the energy consumption from 400 GJ / ton CO2 to 36 GJ / ton CO2.

[0075] According to the above embodiments, the gas capture device provided by this invention can improve the absorption efficiency of carbon dioxide by using a gas microparticle device and improve the desorption efficiency of carbon dioxide by using a heating device and a sprayer, so as to improve the gas capture rate of carbon dioxide and significantly reduce energy consumption.

[0076] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to several embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the art to which the present invention pertains may make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A gas capture device, characterized in that, Include: A gas microparticle device configured to generate microparticle gas; A gas absorption device is configured to receive the atomized gas, wherein the gas atomization device is disposed within the gas absorption device; A heat exchanger is connected to the gas absorption device; A gas desorption device connected to the heat exchanger, wherein the gas desorption device includes a heating source; The internal circulation pipe is connected to the gas desorption device; Heating device, surrounding a portion of the internal circulation pipe; as well as The sprayer is installed in the gas desorption device and connected to the internal circulation pipe.

2. The gas capture device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gas microparticle device includes a static mixer and / or a foamer.

3. The gas capture device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gas absorption device includes a stirrer.

4. The gas capture device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: A vacuum pump is connected to the gas absorption device.

5. The gas capture device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gas absorption device is configured to contain an absorbent, and the gas microparticle device is located below the liquid surface of the absorbent within the gas absorption device.

6. The gas capture device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: A degassing device is connected to the gas absorption device and the heat exchanger.

7. The gas capture device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The internal circulation tube is part of a static mixer.

8. The gas capture device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heating device is in direct contact with the portion surrounding the inner circulation pipe.

9. The gas capture device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heating device does not directly contact the portion surrounding the internal circulation pipe.

10. The gas capture device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: An absorbent filling device is connected to the gas desorption device.

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