Deodorizing device having a three-stage processing structure to automatically adjust deodorizing intensity

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of deodorization devices with three-stage processing structure to automatically adjust deodorization intensity, it is related to kitchen garbage processing equipment field.The device includes kitchen garbage peculiar smell collection section, negative pressure suction pipeline, negative pressure fan, gas pipeline and three-stage peculiar smell processing section, and first VOCs concentration sensor is installed on negative pressure suction pipeline.Three-stage peculiar smell processing section is in turn primary, secondary, tertiary peculiar smell processing equipment, and primary equipment has front-stage processing chamber, rear-stage processing chamber and guide chamber, and front-stage processing chamber is equipped with spray circulating system, and rear-stage processing chamber has activated carbon filter and second VOCs concentration sensor;Second equipment is the first tank body with ionization device;Third equipment is the second tank body of water storage, and top has third VOCs concentration sensor.Each sensor is connected PLC intelligent controller.The device can automatically adjust deodorization intensity, improve efficiency, reduce secondary pollution, and the structure is reasonable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to kitchen waste treatment equipment, specifically to an odor reduction device with a three-stage treatment structure to automatically adjust the deodorization intensity in kitchen waste treatment equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Food waste is characterized by its complex composition, high water content, and easy decomposition. During collection, transportation, sorting, and treatment, it rapidly breeds a large number of microorganisms, producing malodorous gases mainly composed of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide. These gases not only cause serious odor pollution to the treatment plant and surrounding environment, but may also endanger the respiratory health of operators.

[0003] Currently, deodorization technologies in the field of food waste treatment have significant limitations: traditional activated carbon adsorption devices cannot dynamically adjust adsorption efficiency according to odor concentration, and are prone to deodorization failure due to adsorption saturation; although chemical spraying can remove some odor components, it may produce wastewater containing chemical residues, causing secondary pollution; and waste crushing equipment often results in incomplete crushing, leading to low efficiency in subsequent fermentation or incineration processes, and the dust generated during crushing mixes and diffuses with odors, further aggravating pollution.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an integrated equipment that can efficiently deodorize and harmlessly treat kitchen waste. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide an odor reduction device with a three-stage treatment structure that automatically adjusts the deodorization intensity. This device can dynamically adjust the deodorization intensity according to the odor concentration, thereby improving deodorization efficiency and reducing secondary pollution.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model achieves the following solution: An odor-reducing device with a three-stage treatment structure for automatically adjusting deodorization intensity includes a kitchen waste odor collection section, a negative pressure suction pipe connected to the kitchen waste odor collection section, a negative pressure fan installed at one node of the negative pressure suction pipe, and an air supply pipeline connected to the outlet of the negative pressure fan; a first VOCs concentration sensor is installed at one node of the negative pressure suction pipe. The odor reduction device also includes a three-stage odor treatment section, which includes: A primary odor treatment device includes two treatment chambers and a guide chamber. The two treatment chambers are a pre-treatment chamber and a post-treatment chamber, respectively. The guide chamber is located between the pre-treatment chamber and the post-treatment chamber. The pre-treatment chamber is equipped with a spray circulation system. A first connecting hole is provided in the upper region of the shared wall between the guide chamber and the pre-treatment chamber. A second connecting hole is provided in the lower region of the shared wall between the guide chamber and the post-treatment chamber. The post-treatment chamber is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber by an activated carbon filter. The second connecting hole communicates with the lower chamber. A second VOCs concentration sensor is installed in the upper chamber. A secondary odor treatment device, comprising a first tank, the bottom of which is connected to the upper cavity via an air passage, and an ionization device inside the first tank, which, when powered on, can form an ionization chamber inside the first tank. The three-stage odor treatment device is configured as a second tank, which stores water and is connected to the upper end of the first tank through a pipeline. A third VOCs concentration sensor for detecting the VOCs concentration in the second tank is installed on the top of the second tank.

[0007] Furthermore, the food waste odor collection section includes a gas collection tank.

[0008] Furthermore, the spray circulation system includes: A spray pipe, a portion of which enters the top of the pretreatment chamber; A liquid pump is located outside the primary odor treatment equipment. The outlet end of the liquid pump is connected to another part of the spray pipeline, and the inlet end of the liquid pump is connected to the lower area of ​​the pre-treatment chamber and communicates with the inner cavity of the pre-treatment chamber through the inlet pipeline. A high-pressure atomizing nozzle is installed in the spray pipeline within the pretreatment chamber area, and the high-pressure atomizing nozzle is centrally located in the upper space of the pretreatment chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the liquid used in the spray circulation system is plant-based detergent.

[0010] Furthermore, the first VOCs concentration sensor, the second VOCs concentration sensor, and the third VOCs concentration sensor are all connected to the PLC intelligent controller via wiring.

[0011] Furthermore, the activated carbon filter has two layers: a lower layer of activated carbon and an upper layer of modified coconut shell activated carbon.

[0012] Furthermore, the ionization device is powered by a 5-15kV adjustable high-voltage pulse power supply.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This utility model's odor reduction device automatically adjusts the deodorization intensity: It monitors the VOCs concentration in real time at different treatment stages using a first, second, and third VOCs concentration sensor, and transmits the data to a PLC intelligent controller. The PLC intelligent controller automatically adjusts the operating parameters of relevant equipment based on the concentration data. For example, when the first VOCs concentration sensor detects a high odor concentration, it increases the power of the liquid pump and the spray volume of the plant detergent, enhancing the primary treatment effect. If the second VOCs concentration is still high, it adjusts the power supply voltage of the ionization device to increase the ionization intensity and strengthen the secondary treatment. This ensures that the deodorization intensity matches the odor concentration, avoiding undertreatment or overtreatment and improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0014] 2. This utility model's odor reduction device features a three-stage treatment process to enhance deodorization efficiency: the first stage removes most of the odor-causing components that are easily soluble in liquids and can be adsorbed through plant-based detergent spraying and activated carbon filtration; the second stage utilizes high-energy particles generated by the ionization chamber to decompose complex organic odorous substances that are difficult to remove by the first stage; and the third stage further purifies the gas with water, absorbing residual odor components. The three stages work together to significantly improve deodorization efficiency and ensure that the emitted gas meets standards.

[0015] 3. This utility model deodorization device reduces secondary pollution: the spray circulation system uses plant-based detergent and can be recycled, reducing the use and emission of chemical substances; compared with the traditional chemical spraying method, it avoids the generation of wastewater containing chemical residues; activated carbon filters and ionization treatment methods do not generate a large number of pollutants, reducing the risk of secondary pollution.

[0016] 4. The odor reduction device of this utility model has a reasonable structural design: the positions of the first and second connecting holes in the guide chamber of the primary treatment equipment are cleverly designed, allowing the gas to fully contact the spray liquid in the pre-treatment chamber before entering the subsequent treatment chamber for activated carbon filtration, thus extending the residence time of the gas in the treatment chamber and improving the primary treatment effect. The connections between each treatment device are tight, and a negative pressure suction method is used to prevent the leakage and diffusion of odorous gases. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the primary odor treatment equipment and the kitchen waste odor collection section of the odor reduction device of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the secondary and tertiary odor treatment devices of this utility model.

[0019] The attached diagram labels as follows: 1. Gas collection tank; 2. Negative pressure suction pipe; 3. First VOCs concentration sensor; 4. Negative pressure fan; 5. Gas delivery pipe; 6. Spray pipe; 7. High-pressure atomizing nozzle; 8. Liquid inlet pipe; 9. Pre-treatment chamber; 10. Lower chamber; 11. Honeycomb pores; 12. Second VOCs concentration sensor; 13. Gas path; 14. Activated carbon filter; 15. Upper chamber; 16. Ionization chamber; 17. Ionization device; 18. Second tank; 19. Liquid level monitoring pipe; 20. Liquid pump; 21. First connecting hole; 22. Guide chamber; 23. Second connecting hole; 24. Third VOCs concentration sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments, so that the advantages and features of the present utility model can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more definite definition of the protection scope of the present utility model. Obviously, the embodiments described in this utility model are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0022] Example 1: The specific structure of this utility model is as follows: Please refer to the appendix. Figure 1-2 The present invention provides an odor-reducing device with a three-stage treatment structure for automatically adjusting the deodorization intensity, including a kitchen waste odor collection section, a negative pressure suction pipe 2 connected to the kitchen waste odor collection section, a negative pressure fan 4 installed at one node of the negative pressure suction pipe 2, and an air supply pipe 5 connected to the air outlet of the negative pressure fan 4.

[0023] The front end of the odor reduction device is the treatment of kitchen waste. The kitchen waste treatment process is as follows: the sorting table sorts the waste, the crusher crushes the waste, and the waste enters the fermentation chamber for fermentation. The odor in the fermentation chamber is the source of the odor. The air in the fermentation chamber generates negative pressure through the negative pressure suction pipe 2, and the odorous gas is directionally transported to the gas collection tank 1 through the anti-corrosion pipe. Then, the gas is output from the gas collection tank 1 for three-stage treatment.

[0024] A first VOCs concentration sensor 3 is installed at one node of the pressure suction pipe 2; The odor reduction device also includes a three-stage odor treatment section, which consists of a primary odor treatment device, a secondary odor treatment device, and a tertiary odor treatment device connected in series.

[0025] A primary odor treatment device includes two treatment chambers and a guide chamber 22. The two treatment chambers are a pre-treatment chamber 9 and a post-treatment chamber, respectively. The guide chamber 22 is located between the pre-treatment chamber 9 and the post-treatment chamber. The pre-treatment chamber 9 is equipped with a spray circulation system. A first connecting hole 21 is provided in the upper region of the shared wall between the guide chamber 22 and the pre-treatment chamber 9. A second connecting hole 23 is provided in the lower region of the shared wall between the guide chamber 22 and the post-treatment chamber. The post-treatment chamber is divided into an upper chamber 15 and a lower chamber 10 by an activated carbon filter 14. The second connecting hole 23 communicates with the lower chamber 10. A second VOCs concentration sensor 12 is installed in the upper chamber 15.

[0026] A secondary odor treatment device is provided, comprising a first tank. The bottom of the first tank is connected to the upper cavity 15 via a gas passage 13. An ionization device 17 is installed inside the first tank. When powered on, the ionization device 17 creates an ionization chamber 16 inside the first tank. The ionization device 17 uses a 5-15kV adjustable high-voltage pulse power supply to create a non-equilibrium plasma field within the ionization chamber. High-energy particles can penetrate the cell walls of microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in kitchen waste, destroying their protein structure and achieving a sterilization rate of over 99%. Simultaneously, the plasma undergoes an oxidation-reduction reaction with residual odor molecules, simultaneously eliminating the malodor released during the treatment process. The three-stage odor treatment device comprises a second tank 18, which stores water and is connected to the upper end of the first tank via pipeline. A third VOCs concentration sensor 24 for detecting the VOCs concentration inside the second tank 18 is installed on the top of the second tank 18. A liquid level viewing tube 19 is provided on the outside of the second tank 18, which is connected to the inside of the second tank 18 and can be used to view the water level inside the tube.

[0027] The food waste odor collection section has a gas collection tank 1, which is connected to the fermentation chamber of the food waste treatment system. The odor generated during the fermentation process in the fermentation chamber is collected in the gas collection tank 1.

[0028] The spray circulation system includes: Spray pipe 6, a portion of which enters the top of the pretreatment chamber 9; A liquid pump 20 is located outside the primary odor treatment equipment. The outlet end of the liquid pump 20 is connected to another part of the spray pipe 6, and the inlet end of the liquid pump 20 is connected to the lower area of ​​the pre-treatment chamber 9 through the inlet pipe 8 and communicates with the inner cavity of the pre-treatment chamber 9. High-pressure atomizing nozzle 7 is installed in the spray pipe 6 within the area of ​​the pre-treatment chamber 9 and is centrally located in the upper space of the pre-treatment chamber 9.

[0029] The liquid used in the spray circulation system is plant-based detergent. This detergent is a specialized compound plant extract containing hesperidin, menthol, and other components. Through a high-pressure atomizing nozzle, it comes into full contact with the gas, efficiently decomposing polar odor molecules such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. Subsequently, it passes through an activated carbon filter 14, which deeply adsorbs non-polar molecules such as VOCs, ensuring a stable ammonia concentration at the outlet of ≤15ppm.

[0030] The first VOCs concentration sensor 3, the second VOCs concentration sensor 12, and the third VOCs concentration sensor 24 are all connected to the PLC intelligent controller via wiring. The three VOCs concentration sensors monitor the gas concentration before and after treatment in real time. After the data is transmitted to the PLC intelligent controller, the PLC intelligent controller controls the negative pressure fan 4 to automatically adjust the fan speed (300-1500 r / min), and automatically controls the amount of plant liquid sprayed (5-20 L / min) and the airflow pressure of the activated carbon filter (0.1-0.3 MPa), achieving dynamic matching between deodorization intensity and odor concentration, and saving energy.

[0031] Specifically, the PLC intelligent controller presets a VOCs concentration threshold of 200 ppm. When the value detected by the first VOCs concentration sensor 3 exceeds the threshold, it automatically increases the frequency of the negative pressure fan from 50 Hz to 60 Hz and the spray rate of the plant solution from 10 L / min to 15 L / min. When the concentration is below 50 ppm, the system enters energy-saving mode, reducing the operating power of each unit. The plant solution is replenished every 72 hours.

[0032] The activated carbon filter 14 has two layers: a lower layer of activated carbon and an upper layer of modified coconut shell activated carbon. The bottom plate of the lower layer, which supports the activated carbon, is provided with honeycomb holes 11. The activated carbon is replaced every 30 days, and the VOCs concentration sensor is calibrated monthly to ensure that the outlet ammonia concentration remains ≤15ppm.

[0033] The ionization device 17 is powered by a 5-15kV adjustable high-voltage pulse power supply.

[0034] This invention, through targeted design, enables the dynamic balance deodorization system and the low-temperature plasma treatment device to work together to adapt to the characteristics of kitchen waste, achieving precise odor control and efficient and harmless treatment of waste. It can be widely used in catering enterprises, communities and large-scale kitchen waste treatment plants.

[0035] In summary, this utility model's odor reduction device automatically adjusts the deodorization intensity: it monitors the VOCs concentration in different treatment stages in real time through a first, second, and third VOCs concentration sensor, and transmits the data to a PLC intelligent controller. The PLC intelligent controller automatically adjusts the operating parameters of relevant equipment based on the concentration data. For example, when the first VOCs concentration sensor detects a high odor concentration, it can increase the power of the liquid pump and the spray volume of the plant detergent, enhancing the primary treatment effect. If the second VOCs concentration is still high, it can adjust the power supply voltage of the ionization device to increase the ionization intensity and strengthen the secondary treatment. This ensures that the deodorization intensity matches the odor concentration, avoiding undertreatment or overtreatment and improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0036] This utility model's odor reduction device employs a three-stage treatment process to enhance deodorization efficiency: the first stage removes most of the odor-causing components that are easily soluble in liquids and can be adsorbed through plant-based detergent spraying and activated carbon filtration; the second stage utilizes high-energy particles generated by the ionization chamber to decompose complex organic odorous substances that are difficult to remove by the first stage; and the third stage further purifies the gas with water, absorbing residual odor components. The three stages work together to significantly improve deodorization efficiency and ensure that the emitted gas meets standards.

[0037] This utility model deodorization device reduces secondary pollution: the spray circulation system uses plant-based detergent and can be recycled, reducing the use and emission of chemical substances; compared with traditional chemical spraying methods, it avoids the generation of wastewater containing chemical residues; activated carbon filters and ionization treatment methods do not generate a large amount of pollutants, reducing the risk of secondary pollution.

[0038] This utility model's odor reduction device has a reasonable structural design: the ingeniously designed positions of the first and second connecting holes in the guide chamber of the primary odor treatment equipment ensure that the gas fully contacts the spray liquid in the pre-treatment chamber before entering the subsequent treatment chamber for activated carbon filtration, thus extending the gas's residence time in the treatment chamber and improving the primary treatment effect. The connections between each treatment device are tight, and a negative pressure suction method is used to prevent the leakage and diffusion of malodorous gases.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An odor-reducing device with a three-stage treatment structure for automatically adjusting deodorization intensity, comprising a kitchen waste odor collection section, a negative pressure suction pipe (2) connected to the kitchen waste odor collection section, a negative pressure fan (4) installed at one node of the negative pressure suction pipe (2), and an air supply pipe (5) connected to the outlet of the negative pressure fan (4); characterized in that, A first VOCs concentration sensor (3) is installed at one node of the pressure suction pipe (2); The odor reduction device also includes a three-stage odor treatment section, which includes: A primary odor treatment device is provided with two treatment chambers and a guide chamber (22). The two treatment chambers are a pre-treatment chamber (9) and a post-treatment chamber. The guide chamber (22) is located between the pre-treatment chamber (9) and the post-treatment chamber. The pre-treatment chamber (9) is provided with a spray circulation system. A first connecting hole (21) is provided in the upper part of the shared wall between the guide chamber (22) and the pre-treatment chamber (9). A second connecting hole (23) is provided in the lower part of the shared wall between the guide chamber (22) and the post-treatment chamber. The post-treatment chamber is divided into an upper chamber (15) and a lower chamber (10) by an activated carbon filter (14). The second connecting hole (23) communicates with the lower chamber (10). A second VOCs concentration sensor (12) is installed in the upper chamber (15). A secondary odor treatment device is provided, wherein the secondary odor treatment device is configured as a first tank, the bottom of the first tank is connected to the upper cavity (15) through an air passage, and an ionization device (17) is provided inside the first tank. After the ionization device (17) is powered on, an ionization chamber is formed inside the first tank. The three-stage odor treatment device is configured as a second tank, which stores water and is connected to the upper end of the first tank through a pipeline. A third VOCs concentration sensor (24) for detecting the VOCs concentration in the second tank is installed on the top of the second tank.

2. The deodorization device with a three-stage treatment structure for automatically adjusting deodorization intensity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The food waste odor collection section has a gas collection tank (1).

3. The deodorization device with a three-stage treatment structure to automatically adjust the deodorization intensity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray circulation system includes: A spray pipe (6), a portion of which enters the top of the pretreatment chamber (9); A liquid pump (20) is located outside the primary odor treatment equipment. The outlet end of the liquid pump (20) is connected to another part of the spray pipe (6), and the inlet end of the liquid pump (20) is connected to the lower area of ​​the pre-treatment chamber (9) through the inlet pipe and communicates with the inner cavity of the pre-treatment chamber (9). High-pressure atomizing nozzle (7) is installed in the spray pipe (6) in the area of ​​the pretreatment chamber (9) and is centrally located in the upper space of the pretreatment chamber (9).

4. The deodorization device with a three-stage treatment structure to automatically adjust the deodorization intensity according to claim 3, characterized in that, The liquid used in the spray circulation system is plant-based detergent.

5. The deodorization device with a three-stage treatment structure to automatically adjust the deodorization intensity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first VOCs concentration sensor (3), the second VOCs concentration sensor (12) and the third VOCs concentration sensor (24) are all connected to the PLC intelligent controller via lines.

6. The deodorization device with a three-stage treatment structure to automatically adjust the deodorization intensity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The activated carbon filter (14) has two layers: a lower layer of activated carbon and an upper layer of modified coconut shell activated carbon.

7. The deodorization device with a three-stage treatment structure for automatically adjusting deodorization intensity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ionization device (17) is powered by a 5-15kV adjustable high-voltage pulse power supply.

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