Hydrogen generation tank and hydrogen generation system for hydrogen generation tank

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of hydrogen tank of magnesium hydride and hydrogen supply system of magnesium hydride individual soldier power supply, the hydrogen tank of magnesium hydride includes tank body and detachably arranged multiple reaction units in tank body, the multiple reaction units are arranged side by side, water column is provided in the reaction unit along axis, water column bottom is fixed in reaction unit bottom surface, top is free end;Heat insulation cotton is provided on the inner wall of the reaction unit;Hydromagnesite is filled between heat insulation cotton and water column.The hydrogen supply system of individual soldier power supply includes: water tank, water pump, lithium battery, heating device, electric control board and the hydrogen tank of magnesium hydride.The utility model hydrogen tank of magnesium hydride and hydrogen supply system of magnesium hydride individual soldier power supply have the advantages that reaction is controllable, thermal stability is good and endurance is flexible, and it is suitable for long-term stable hydrogen supply demand of individual soldier power supply.The utility model has good application prospect and large-scale popularization potential in solid-state chemical hydrogen storage field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to hydrogen production technology, and more particularly to a magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank and a magnesium hydride individual power supply hydrogen system. Background Technology

[0002] Magnesium hydride (MgH2) hydrolysis for hydrogen production, as a solid-state chemical hydrogen storage technology, has attracted widespread attention due to its high theoretical hydrogen production density (15.2 wt%, 1300 L / kg) and mild reaction conditions (room temperature and atmospheric pressure). This technology achieves immediate hydrogen release through a simple hydrolysis reaction (MgH2 + 2H2O → Mg(OH)2 + 2H2↑, ΔH = -268 kJ / mol), and the reaction is self-sustaining once started. Compared with high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage or cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage, magnesium hydride has significant advantages in storage and transportation safety and volumetric energy density; and compared with chemical hydrogen storage materials such as sodium borohydride, it has lower raw material costs (magnesium resources are abundant) and better environmental compatibility (the byproduct is harmless magnesium hydroxide). These characteristics make it a promising candidate for portable fuel cell power supplies, emergency backup hydrogen sources, and off-grid hydrogen supply systems.

[0003] However, several issues hinder the large-scale engineering application of magnesium hydride hydrolysis. 1. Surface passivation limits conversion rate: The magnesium hydroxide produced in the reaction easily forms a dense passivation layer on the surface of the magnesium hydride particles, hindering further water diffusion and reducing the actual conversion rate. 2. Poor controllability of hydrogen production rate: The initial reaction is vigorous, with an excessively high instantaneous hydrogen release rate; subsequently, it rapidly declines due to the thickening of the passivation layer, making it difficult to meet the stable hydrogen flow requirements of fuel cells and other applications. 3. Difficulty in system-level integration: In practical devices, thermal management is complex, and the heat generation rate of the magnesium hydride hydrolysis reaction increases with the hydrogen production rate. The heat generated by the reaction continuously accumulates as the reaction proceeds, making it difficult for the magnesium hydride hydrolysis hydrogen production system to operate continuously for extended periods. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems by proposing a magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank, which features controllable reaction, excellent thermal stability, and flexible operating time, making it suitable for the long-term stable hydrogen supply needs of individual soldier power supplies. This invention has promising application prospects and large-scale promotion potential in the field of solid-state chemical hydrogen storage.

[0005] It should be noted that, in this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the specific meaning of "comprising" in relation to composition and description includes both open-ended meanings such as "comprising," "including," etc., and closed-ended meanings such as "composed of," "consisting of," etc., and similar meanings.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank, comprising a tank body and multiple reaction units detachably disposed within the tank body, the multiple reaction units being arranged in parallel, a water jet being arranged along the axis within each reaction unit, the bottom of the water jet being fixed to the bottom surface of the reaction unit, and the top being a free end, water being vaporized through a heating device and thus entering the interior of the reaction unit; heat insulation cotton is provided on the inner wall of the reaction unit, the heat insulation cotton providing a gas diffusion channel for hydrogen within the reaction unit; magnesium hydride is filled between the heat insulation cotton and the water jet.

[0007] Furthermore, the outer wall of the tank is provided with heat dissipation fins along the axial direction.

[0008] Furthermore, the cross-section of the reaction unit is circular or fan-shaped.

[0009] Furthermore, when the cross-section of the reaction unit is circular, the tank is formed by sealing and splicing the upper and lower bottom surfaces and the cylindrical side surfaces; the upper and lower bottom surfaces have the same shape, which is the remaining graphic part after the inscribed circle is cut off from the large circle; the side surfaces are divided into two parts, the first part is a cylindrical tubular structure of the outer large circle, and the second part is a cylindrical tubular structure of the inscribed circle, and the reaction unit is set inside the inscribed circle.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the inscribed circle matches the outer diameter of the reaction unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the gaps between the cylindrical tubular structures (the large-circle cylindrical tubular structure and the inscribed-circle cylindrical tubular structure) inside the tank are filled with a heat-conducting material.

[0012] Furthermore, the thermally conductive material is graphite or thermally conductive oil.

[0013] Furthermore, when the cross-section of the reaction unit is fan-shaped, the tank body is divided into multiple fan-shaped spaces radially by partitions, with the included angle between two adjacent partitions being 30-90°, and the reaction unit is arranged between the partitions.

[0014] Furthermore, the tank body is made of stainless steel, aluminum alloy, copper, magnesium alloy, zinc alloy, or graphite material.

[0015] Furthermore, the magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank is equipped with 4-7 reaction units.

[0016] Furthermore, the heat insulation cotton is tightly attached to the inner wall of the reaction unit, with a thickness of 2-5mm.

[0017] Another objective of this utility model is to disclose a single-soldier power supply hydrogen system, comprising: a water tank, a water pump, a lithium battery, a heating device, an electronic control board, and the magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank. The water tank is connected to the water pump of the magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank via the water pump. A heating device is installed on the pipeline between the water pump and the water pump. The lithium battery is electrically connected to the water pump and the heating device via the electronic control board.

[0018] Furthermore, the water tank is made of conventional materials such as PVC, PC, or PP.

[0019] Furthermore, the water pump is a commercially available low-flow peristaltic pump.

[0020] The working principle of this utility model's individual power supply system is as follows: When the system starts, the lithium battery first powers the heating head of the heating device, causing the heating head to rapidly heat up to 220°C within 1 minute. Then, the water pump starts working, transporting water from the water tank to the heating head through the water supply pipeline. The water rapidly vaporizes as it flows through the high-temperature heating head, forming water vapor, which is then pumped into the reaction unit of the hydrogen production tank via a water jet.

[0021] In the reaction unit, magnesium hydride undergoes a hydrolysis reaction with water vapor to produce hydrogen gas, which is then discharged through a hydrogen venting pipe at the top of the reaction unit. Heating is stopped after 5 minutes of continuous operation, at which point the system utilizes the residual heat from the reaction to maintain the water vaporization process, allowing magnesium hydride to continue reacting with water vapor. A single reaction unit filled with 60g of magnesium hydride with a particle size less than 30μm can maintain a hydrogen production rate of 720mL / min for 2 hours.

[0022] To ensure continuous hydrogen supply, the system can activate the next reaction unit in advance via an electronic control button when it approaches its operating limit, achieving uninterrupted hydrogen supply. The maximum operating time of this system is N*2 hours, where N is the number of reaction units; for example, with 7 units, 7*2 = 14 hours. When it is necessary to pause hydrogen supply, the user can press the stop button to cut off the power to the water pump and stop the hydrogen production process. When used again, the system will automatically activate a new reaction unit, achieving repeated start-stop control of the hydrogen production process.

[0023] This system achieves stable and controllable continuous hydrogen supply through modular reaction unit design and intelligent control.

[0024] This utility model of a magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank and a magnesium hydride individual soldier power supply system has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0025] 1) This utility model adopts a miniaturized reaction unit structure. Compared with traditional large reaction vessels, each unit carries less magnesium hydride, thereby achieving precise control of the hydrolysis reaction. At the same time, it shortens the distance between the water jet and the inner wall of the reaction unit (the distance between the two is 8-20mm), improves the water diffusion efficiency, and further enhances the conversion rate of magnesium hydride.

[0026] 2) This invention integrates multiple independent reaction units into a single reaction tank, enabling multiple start-stop adjustments of hydrogen supply from a single power source by controlling the start and stop of each individual reaction unit. The hydrogen supply time can be adjusted by flexibly adding or removing reaction units, allowing for the selection of the optimal number of reaction units based on actual needs, thus achieving overall equipment weight reduction.

[0027] 3) This utility model assembles and connects the reaction units with a tank, which can better and more evenly conduct the heat generated by the hydrolysis of magnesium hydride in the reaction unit to the surface of the tank, alleviate the heat accumulation during the reaction, make the temperature rise during the reaction start-up stage more gradual, and weaken the hydrogen burst during the start-up; at the same time, the heat accumulated by the long-term hydrolysis reaction can be better radiated to the surroundings by increasing the heat dissipation area; at the same time, the residual heat of the already started reaction unit is used to preheat the unstarted unit, shorten the start-up time of the subsequent reaction unit, and improve the overall energy efficiency.

[0028] This invention relates to a magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank and a magnesium hydride individual soldier power supply system. These systems offer advantages such as controllable reaction, thermal stability, and flexible operating time, making them suitable for the long-term, stable hydrogen supply needs of individual soldiers. This invention has promising application prospects and large-scale promotion potential in the field of solid-state chemical hydrogen storage. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a hydrogen power supply system for individual soldiers;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a cross-section of the magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the reaction unit in Example 1;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a cross-section of the magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank in Example 2;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a top view of the magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank in Example 2;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the reaction unit in Example 3. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments. The description of the technical features described below is based on representative embodiments and specific examples of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and specific examples. It should be noted that:

[0037] Unless otherwise stated, all units used in this specification are international standard units, and all numerical values ​​and ranges appearing in this utility model should be understood to include unavoidable systematic errors in industrial production.

[0038] In this specification, the range of values ​​referred to as "value A to value B" refers to the range including the endpoint values ​​A and B.

[0039] In this specification, the numerical range indicated by "above" or "below" refers to the numerical range that includes the stated number.

[0040] In this specification, the word "may" has two meanings: to perform a certain process and not to perform a certain process.

[0041] In this specification, the terms "optional" or "optional" are used to indicate the use or omission of certain substances, components, procedures, application conditions, etc.

[0042] In this instruction manual, when "room temperature" or "room temperature" is used, the temperature can be 15-25℃.

[0043] Unless otherwise specified, all reagents or instruments used in this instruction manual are commercially available products.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] This embodiment discloses a magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank, such as Figure 2-4 As shown, it includes a tank body 1 and four reaction units 2 that are detachably installed inside the tank body.

[0046] The tank 1 is a stainless steel cylindrical tank with heat dissipation fins 3 arranged axially on its outer wall. The tank is formed by sealing and splicing upper and lower bottom surfaces and cylindrical side surfaces. The upper and lower bottom surfaces have the same shape, which is the remaining part of a large circle after cutting off the inscribed circle (the outer diameter of the inscribed circle matches the outer diameter of the reaction unit). The side surfaces are divided into two parts: the first part is a cylindrical tubular structure of the outer large circle, and the second part is a cylindrical tubular structure of the inscribed circle. Inside the tank, the gaps between the cylindrical tubular structures are filled with a thermally conductive material 4, which is heat-conducting oil.

[0047] The four reaction units 2 are arranged vertically side by side. Each reaction unit has a circular cross-section. A water jet 5 is arranged along the axis inside the reaction unit. The sidewalls and top surface of the water jet 5 are provided with through holes. The bottom of the water jet 5 is fixed to the bottom surface of the reaction unit, and the top of the water jet 5 is a free end. Water is vaporized by a heating device and enters the interior of the reaction unit through this free end. The distance between the water jet and the inner wall of the reaction unit is 20mm. A heat insulation cotton 6 is provided on the inner wall of the reaction unit. The heat insulation cotton 6 is in close contact with the inner wall of the reaction unit and has a thickness of 2-5mm. The heat insulation cotton 6 provides a gas diffusion channel for hydrogen inside the reaction unit. Magnesium hydride 7 is filled between the heat insulation cotton 6 and the water jet 5.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] This embodiment discloses a magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, its structure is basically the same as that of Example 1. The difference is that the number of reaction units 2 is increased in this example to extend the endurance of the hydrogen supply system for individual soldiers. Seven reaction units 2 are set in the magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank to achieve the effect of 14 hours of endurance of the hydrogen supply system, and it can be repeatedly started and stopped seven times.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] This embodiment discloses a magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank, such as Figure 7 As shown, its structure is basically the same as that of Example 1. The difference is that the cross-section of the reaction unit 2 is fan-shaped, and the tank is divided into 6 fan-shaped spaces radially by the partition 9. The included angle between two adjacent partitions is 60°.

[0052] The tank body, baffle, and heat dissipation fins can be made of the same material or can be freely combined using different materials. The heat dissipation fins are located on the outer wall of the cylinder, aligned with the baffle, and extend outwards by 3-5 cm.

[0053] Compared to the solutions in Examples 1-2, the main improvement in this embodiment is the use of a metal partition to replace the original heat-conducting material filling the cavity. This design optimization further reduces the overall weight of the hydrogen production tank, making it easier to carry, while still ensuring the system's heat transfer efficiency.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] This embodiment discloses a hydrogen supply system for individual soldiers, such as... Figure 1As shown, it includes: a water tank 10, a water pump 11, a lithium battery 13, a heating device 8, an electronic control board 14, and a magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank 12 as described in any one of Examples 1-3. The water tank 10 is connected to the water jet of the magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank 12 through the water pump 11. A heating device 8 is installed on the pipeline between the water pump 11 and the water jet. The lithium battery 13 is electrically connected to the water pump 11 and the heating device 8 through the electronic control board 14.

[0056] The single magnesium hydride hydrolysis reactor is integrated into a single-soldier hydrogen supply device with multiple reaction units.

[0057] Adding 60g of magnesium hydride with a particle size of less than 30μm to each reaction unit can maintain the hydrogen production rate of a single reaction unit at 720mL / min for 120min without interruption. The overall hydrogen production time of the device can last for 8–14 hours.

[0058] The hydrogen production tank employs a unique heat dissipation technology that allows the heat generated during the hydrolysis of magnesium hydride to be rapidly and evenly conducted across the tank and radiated to the surroundings. This maintains the optimal reaction temperature for magnesium hydride hydrolysis while keeping the surface of the device at a low temperature, making it possible to launch commercial products.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank, characterized in that, The device includes a tank and multiple reaction units detachably installed inside the tank. The multiple reaction units are arranged in parallel. A water jet is arranged along the axis inside each reaction unit. The bottom of the water jet is fixed to the bottom surface of the reaction unit, and the top is a free end. Heat insulation cotton is provided on the inner wall of the reaction unit. Magnesium hydride is filled between the heat insulation cotton and the water jet.

2. The magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the tank is provided with heat dissipation fins along the axial direction.

3. The magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction unit has a circular or fan-shaped cross-section.

4. The magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the cross-section of the reaction unit is circular, the tank is formed by sealing and splicing the upper and lower bottom surfaces and the cylindrical side surfaces; the upper and lower bottom surfaces have the same shape, which is the remaining graphic part after the inscribed circle is cut off from the large circle; the side surfaces are divided into two parts, the first part is a cylindrical tubular structure of the outer large circle, and the second part is a cylindrical tubular structure of the inscribed circle.

5. The magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the inscribed circle matches the outer diameter of the reaction unit.

6. The magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank according to claim 4, characterized in that, The interior of the tank is filled with thermally conductive material in the gaps between the cylindrical tubular sections.

7. The magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the cross-section of the reaction unit is fan-shaped, the tank is divided into multiple fan-shaped spaces radially by a partition.

8. The magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank is equipped with 4-7 reaction units.

9. The magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat insulation cotton is tightly attached to the inner wall of the reaction unit, and its thickness is 2-5mm.

10. A hydrogen supply system for individual soldiers, characterized in that, include: The invention comprises a water tank, a water pump, a lithium battery, a heating device, an electronic control board, and a magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the water tank is connected to the water jet of the magnesium hydride hydrogen production tank via the water pump, a heating device is provided on the pipeline between the water pump and the water jet, and the lithium battery is electrically connected to the water pump and the heating device via the electronic control board.

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