A gas reaction apparatus

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of gas reaction device, comprising: reaction vessel, it is formed with reaction space, gas inlet and gas outlet, the gas inlet and the gas outlet are communicated with the reaction space;Condenser tube, it passes through the reaction space along the axial direction of the reaction space;And heat insulation gas-permeable layer, it is arranged in the reaction space and surrounds the outside of the condenser tube, the heat insulation gas-permeable layer is provided with multiple through holes, and at least part of the hole of the through hole is directed to the direction of the end of the condenser tube closer to the end away from the condenser tube increasingly narrow.Partial product gas can flow to the direction where condenser tube is via through hole, so as to contact low-temperature environment, product gas that contacts low-temperature environment is condensed into liquid state.In this way, it will reduce the product gas concentration in reaction space, according to the principle of Le Chatelier, it will promote the reaction to the direction of increasing product gas concentration, so as to improve the conversion rate of raw material gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gas reaction technology, and in particular to a gas reaction device. Background Technology

[0002] In the chemical industry, a common production route involves using gas-to-gas reactions to obtain final chemical products, such as the production of methanol from carbon dioxide and hydrogen. In this process, the raw material gases are called feed gases, and the resulting products are called product gases. Typically, the required feed gases are introduced into a reaction chamber through an inlet. As the feed gases flow from the reaction chamber to the outlet, they mix and undergo chemical reactions to produce the product gases. The gas containing the product gases then flows out through the outlet. Utility Model Content

[0003] One objective of this invention is to provide a gas reaction device that helps improve the conversion rate of raw material gas.

[0004] Specifically, this utility model provides a gas reaction apparatus, comprising:

[0005] A reaction vessel having a reaction space, an inlet and an outlet, wherein the inlet and the outlet are connected to the reaction space;

[0006] A condenser tube that passes through the reaction space axially; and

[0007] A heat-insulating and breathable layer is disposed within the reaction space and surrounds the outside of the condenser tube. The heat-insulating and breathable layer is provided with a plurality of through holes, and at least a portion of the through holes becomes narrower in the direction from the end away from the condenser tube to the end closer to the condenser tube.

[0008] Optionally, the opening at the end of the through hole away from the condenser tube is elliptical.

[0009] Optionally, the ratio of the major axis diameter to the minor axis diameter of the opening at the end of the through hole away from the condenser tube is set to 1.2 to 1.5.

[0010] Optionally, the ratio of the major axis diameter of the opening at the end of the through hole away from the condenser tube to the maximum diameter of the opening at the end of the through hole closer to the condenser tube is set to 1.1 to 1.5.

[0011] Optionally, the through hole slopes from high to low from the end furthest from the condenser tube to the end closest to the condenser tube.

[0012] Optionally, the acute angle formed by the axis of the through hole and the horizontal line is set to 45 degrees to 60 degrees.

[0013] Optionally, at least a portion of the inner wall of the through hole is arc-shaped, and the concave surface of the arc faces the inside of the through hole.

[0014] Optionally, the porosity of the heat-insulating and breathable layer is set to 20% to 70%.

[0015] Optionally, the plurality of the through holes are evenly distributed in the heat-insulating and breathable layer.

[0016] Optionally, the heat-insulating and breathable layer is made of a material with a thermal conductivity of 0.1 W / (m·K) to 0.5 W / (m·K).

[0017] This invention relates to a gas reaction apparatus. A condenser tube is installed within the reaction space, surrounded by a heat-insulating and permeable layer. The heat-insulating and permeable layer has multiple through-holes, with at least a portion of the through-holes narrowing from the end furthest from the condenser tube towards the end closest to it. This divides the reaction space into two parts: one on its side away from the condenser tube and the other on its side facing the condenser tube. The raw material gas enters the reaction space through the inlet and reacts to generate product gas. During this process, some of the product gas can flow through the through-holes towards the condenser tube, thus coming into contact with a low-temperature environment and condensing into a liquid state. This reduces the concentration of product gas within the reaction space. According to Le Chatelier's principle, this promotes the reaction in the direction of increasing product gas concentration, thereby improving the conversion rate of the raw material gas. Moreover, at least part of the through hole narrows from the end away from the condenser tube to the end closer to the condenser tube, so it can better reduce the heat exchange between the space on the condenser tube side and the space on the other side of the heat insulation and breathable layer, avoid affecting the reaction temperature, and at the same time can form capillary action, driving the liquid condensed in the through hole to flow out of the through hole quickly towards the condenser tube, avoiding liquid stagnation or backflow.

[0018] The above and other objects, advantages and features of this utility model will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments of this utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The following sections will describe some specific embodiments of the present invention in a detailed manner by way of example and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts or components. Those skilled in the art should understand that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gas reaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat-insulating and breathable layer in a gas reaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a partial schematic cross-sectional view of a gas reaction apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments of the present invention. These embodiments are intended to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Based on the embodiments provided by the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0026] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can also refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, in one embodiment, the gas reaction apparatus includes a reaction vessel 100, a condenser 200, and a heat-insulating and breathable layer 300. The reaction vessel 100 forms a reaction space 101, an inlet 102, and an outlet 103, which communicate with the reaction space 101. The condenser 200 passes through the reaction space 101 along its axial direction. The heat-insulating and breathable layer 300 is disposed within the reaction space 101 and surrounds the outside of the condenser 200. The heat-insulating and breathable layer 300 has a plurality of through holes 301, and the channels of the through holes 301 become narrower from the end away from the condenser 200 towards the end closer to the condenser 200.

[0028] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, specifically, the reaction vessel 100 is cylindrical, with its axis running longitudinally. An inlet 102 and an outlet 103 are respectively located on the top and bottom sidewalls of the cylindrical reaction vessel 100. Raw material gas is introduced into the reaction space 101 through the inlet 102, reacts within the reaction space 101 to generate product gas, which can then flow out through the outlet 103.

[0029] Furthermore, the condenser 200 passes longitudinally through the top and bottom sidewalls of the reaction vessel 100, thereby passing through the reaction space 101. The condenser 200 is used to supply a cryogenic medium, such as cryogenic water, thereby creating a cryogenic environment around the condenser 200.

[0030] The heat-insulating and breathable layer 300 is annular and surrounds the outer periphery of the condenser tube 200, thereby dividing the reaction space 101 into two parts: one facing away from the condenser tube 200 and the other facing the condenser tube 200. The heat-insulating and breathable layer 300 also has through holes 301 that penetrate the heat-insulating and breathable layer 300 radially. Furthermore, the air inlet 102 and the air outlet 103 are located on the side of the heat-insulating and breathable layer 300 facing away from the condenser tube 200.

[0031] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the channel of through-hole 301 narrows from the end furthest from the condenser tube 200 towards the end closest to the condenser tube 200. Specifically, the cross-sectional area of ​​the channel of through-hole 301, as cut by a plane perpendicular to the axis of through-hole 301, decreases from the end furthest from the condenser tube 200 towards the end closest to the condenser tube 200. When the cross-sectional shape of the channels is the same, the opening of through-hole 301 on the surface of the heat insulation and breathable layer 300 away from the condenser tube 200 decreases in diameter towards the opening on the surface of the heat insulation and breathable layer 300 facing the condenser tube 200. Even when the cross-sectional area of ​​the channel is not exactly the same at different locations, the projection of the channel portion near the condenser tube 200 onto the plane perpendicular to the axis of through-hole 301 falls entirely within the range of the projection of the channel portion far from the condenser tube 200 onto the plane perpendicular to the axis of through-hole 301.

[0032] Combination Figures 1 to 3 As shown, taking the synthesis of methanol from carbon dioxide and hydrogen as an example, a mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen is introduced into the reaction space 101 through the inlet 102. Within the reaction space 101, carbon dioxide and hydrogen undergo a series of reactions to produce gaseous methanol and gaseous water. Some of the gaseous methanol and gaseous water flow through the through-hole 301 through the heat-insulating and permeable layer 300 to the condenser tube 200, and then enter the low-temperature environment near the condenser tube 200. A low-temperature medium, such as low-temperature water, flows through the condenser tube 200, causing the gaseous methanol and gaseous water in contact with the low-temperature environment to condense into liquid. The condensed liquid methanol and liquid water can slide down the wall of the condenser tube 200 and are eventually collected. Meanwhile, because the channel of the through hole 301 becomes narrower and narrower from the end away from the condenser tube 200 to the end closer to the condenser tube 200, it can reduce the heat exchange between the space on the side of the heat insulation and breathable layer 300 condenser tube 200 and the space on the other side. At the same time, it can form a capillary effect, driving the liquid in the through hole 301 to flow out of the channel quickly towards the condenser tube 200.

[0033] In this embodiment, a condenser 200 and a heat-insulating and breathable layer 300 are arranged within the reaction space 101. The heat-insulating and breathable layer 300 has multiple through holes 301, and the channels of the through holes 301 become narrower from the end away from the condenser 200 to the end closer to the condenser 200. This divides the reaction space 101 into two parts: one located on the side away from the condenser 200 and the other located on the side facing the condenser 200. The raw material gas enters the reaction space 101 through the inlet 102 and reacts to generate product gas. During this process, some of the product gas can flow through the through holes 301 towards the condenser 200, thereby coming into contact with a low-temperature environment. The product gas in contact with the low-temperature environment is condensed into a liquid state. In this way, the concentration of product gas in the reaction space 101 is reduced. According to Le Chatelier's principle, this will promote the reaction in the direction of increasing the concentration of product gas, thereby improving the conversion rate of the raw material gas. Moreover, the channel of the through hole 301 becomes narrower and narrower from the end away from the condenser tube 200 to the end closer to the condenser tube 200, so it can better reduce the heat exchange between the space on the side of the heat insulation and breathable layer 300 condenser tube 200 and the space on the other side, so as to avoid affecting the reaction temperature. At the same time, it can form a capillary effect, driving the liquid condensed in the through hole 301 to flow out of the channel quickly towards the condenser tube 200, avoiding liquid stagnation or backflow.

[0034] It should be noted that in some other embodiments, the through-hole may partially narrow from the end away from the condenser tube towards the end closer to the condenser tube. For example, the through-hole may become narrower from the end away from the condenser tube to the middle of the channel. In other words, at least a portion of the through-hole narrows from the end away from the condenser tube towards the end closer to the condenser tube.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the opening of the through-hole 301 at the end away from the condenser tube 200 is elliptical. Specifically, the opening of the through-hole 301 on the surface of the heat insulation and breathable layer 300 away from the condenser tube 200 is elliptical. By setting the opening of the through-hole 301 at the end away from the condenser tube 200 to be elliptical, it helps to reduce the minimum size of the through-hole 301 opening while ensuring the cross-sectional area. This helps to reduce the occurrence of solid particles in the reaction space 101 on the side of the heat insulation and breathable layer 300 away from the condenser tube 200 entering the through-hole 301 and causing blockage of the through-hole 301.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the ratio of the major axis diameter to the minor axis diameter of the opening at the end of the through hole 301 away from the condenser tube 200 is set to 1.2 to 1.5. Specifically, the ratio of the major axis diameter to the minor axis diameter of the elliptical opening of the through hole 301 is set to 1.2 to 1.5, for example, it can be 1.2, 1.25, 1.3, 1.35, 1.4, 1.45, or 1.5, etc.

[0037] By setting the ratio of the major axis diameter to the minor axis diameter of the opening at the end of the through hole 301 away from the condenser tube 200 to 1.2 to 1.5, the through hole 301 can effectively block particulate matter from entering, while avoiding the through hole 301 being too narrow and long, which would affect the gas entry effect.

[0038] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the ratio of the major axis diameter of the opening at the end of the through-hole 301 away from the condenser tube 200 to the maximum diameter of the opening at the end of the through-hole 301 near the condenser tube 200 is set to 1.1 to 1.5. Specifically, the opening of the through-hole 301 on the surface of the heat insulation and breathable layer 300 facing the condenser tube 200 is circular. That is, the diameter of the through-hole 301 decreases from an elliptical opening on the surface of the heat insulation and breathable layer 300 away from the condenser tube 200 to a circular opening on the surface of the heat insulation and breathable layer 300 facing the condenser tube 200. The ratio of the major axis diameter of the elliptical opening to the diameter of the circular opening is set to 1.1 to 1.5, such as 1.1, 1.15, 1.2, 1.25, 1.3, 1.35, 1.4, 1.45, or 1.5, etc.

[0039] By setting the ratio of the major axis diameter of the opening at the end of the through hole 301 away from the condenser tube 200 to the maximum diameter of the opening at the end of the through hole 301 close to the condenser tube 200 to 1.1 to 1.5, the through hole 301 has a suitable shrinkage trend, thereby giving the through hole 301 a better capillary driving force, while avoiding the liquid from flowing out being too small at the end of the through hole 301 close to the condenser tube 200.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the through hole 301 slopes from high to low from the end away from the condenser tube 200 to the end closer to the condenser tube 200, thereby making it easier for the liquid in the through hole 301 to drain into the heat insulation and breathable layer 300 near the condenser tube 200 under the action of gravity.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, furthermore, the acute angle formed by the axis of the through hole 301 and the horizontal line is set to 45 degrees to 60 degrees, such as 45 degrees, 47 degrees, 50 degrees, 53 degrees, 55 degrees, 58 degrees, or 60 degrees, etc. (Refer to...) Figure 4 As shown, the axis of the through hole 301 is the dotted line in the figure, and the horizontal line is the dashed line in the figure. That is, the acute angle α between the dotted line and the dashed line is set to 45 to 60 degrees.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, at least a portion of the inner wall of the through-hole 301 is arc-shaped, and the concave surface of the arc faces the inner side of the through-hole 301. Specifically, the channel wall of the through-hole 301 is arc-shaped from the opening at the end away from the condenser tube 200 to approximately the middle position, with the concave surface of the arc facing the inner side of the through-hole 301, thereby achieving a better capillary effect and preventing liquid backflow.

[0043] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the porosity of the heat-insulating and breathable layer 300 is set to 20% to 70%. For example, it can be 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, or 70%, etc. The porosity is the percentage of the sum of the volumes of the areas enclosed by the multiple through holes 301 on the heat-insulating and breathable layer 300 to the volume of the solid portion of the heat-insulating and breathable layer 300. If the porosity is too large, it will affect the mechanical strength and heat insulation effect of the heat-insulating and breathable layer; if the porosity is too small, the product's gas condensation efficiency will also be too low. Therefore, when the porosity is set to 20% to 70%, the heat-insulating and breathable layer 300 can balance air permeability, mechanical strength, and heat insulation.

[0044] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, multiple through holes 301 are evenly distributed in the heat insulation and breathable layer 300, thereby achieving a uniform product gas condensation effect in all parts of the reaction space 101 and avoiding uneven product gas concentration in various places, which would affect the conversion efficiency.

[0045] Preferably, the heat-insulating and breathable layer 300 is made of a material with a thermal conductivity of 0.1 W / (m·K) to 0.5 W / (m·K). For example, 0.1 W / (m·K), 0.2 W / (m·K), 0.3 W / (m·K), 0.4 W / (m·K), or 0.5 W / (m·K), etc., thereby providing good thermal insulation and avoiding affecting the reaction temperature of the raw material gas.

[0046] Preferably, the diameter of the opening at the end of the through hole 301 away from the condenser tube 200 is set to 1 to 9 mm, for example, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm or 9 mm, etc.

[0047] Therefore, those skilled in the art should recognize that although many exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications conforming to the principles of the present invention can be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be understood and recognized as covering all such other variations or modifications.

Claims

1. A gas reaction apparatus, characterized in that, include: A reaction vessel having a reaction space, an inlet and an outlet, wherein the inlet and the outlet are connected to the reaction space; A condenser tube that passes through the reaction space axially; and A heat-insulating and breathable layer is disposed within the reaction space and surrounds the outside of the condenser tube. The heat-insulating and breathable layer is provided with a plurality of through holes, and at least a portion of the through holes becomes narrower in the direction from the end away from the condenser tube to the end closer to the condenser tube.

2. The gas reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening at the end of the through hole furthest from the condenser tube is elliptical.

3. The gas reaction apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ratio of the major axis diameter to the minor axis diameter of the opening at the end of the through hole furthest from the condenser tube is set to 1.2 to 1.

5.

4. The gas reaction apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ratio of the major axis diameter of the opening at the end of the through hole furthest from the condenser tube to the maximum diameter of the opening at the end of the through hole closest to the condenser tube is set to 1.1 to 1.

5.

5. The gas reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The through hole slopes from high to low from the end furthest from the condenser tube to the end closest to the condenser tube.

6. The gas reaction apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The acute angle formed by the axis of the through hole and the horizontal line is set to 45 degrees to 60 degrees.

7. The gas reaction apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, At least a portion of the inner wall of the through hole is arc-shaped, and the concave surface of the arc faces the inside of the through hole.

8. The gas reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The porosity of the heat-insulating and breathable layer is set to 20% to 70%.

9. The gas reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple through holes are evenly distributed in the heat insulation and breathable layer.

10. The gas reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat insulation and breathable layer is made of a material with a thermal conductivity of 0.1 W / (m·K) to 0.5 W / (m·K).

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