Ball-type underground coal sample pulverizing device
By using a ball-bearing crusher driven by underground compressed air, the problems of seal wear, heat accumulation, and maintenance difficulties of pneumatic motor blade crushers have been solved. This has achieved rapid coal sample crushing, low failure rate, and low maintenance cost, making it suitable for complex underground working conditions.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA COAL TECH & ENG GRP CHONGQING RES INST CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing pneumatic motor blade crushing devices suffer from problems such as leakage due to seal wear, low crushing efficiency, heat accumulation, and maintenance difficulties during underground operations, which affect the continuity and safety of coal sample collection.
The device employs a ball-bearing crusher, driven by underground compressed air. The centrifugal motion of the balls drives the vibrating disc and the crushed blocks to undergo irregular collision crushing. Combined with high-manganese steel material and rubber sealing design, it ensures sealing and wear resistance, avoids heat accumulation, and reduces the failure rate.
It achieves rapid coal sample crushing, low failure rate, low maintenance cost, adapts to complex underground working conditions, improves crushing efficiency and safety, and reduces equipment energy consumption and maintenance difficulty.
Smart Images
Figure CN224524892U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of coal mine safety technology and relates to a ball-bearing underground coal sample crushing device. Background Technology
[0002] Coal seam gas, a combustible gas found in the pores and fissures of coal, is primarily composed of methane. In coal mine production, it is both a source of safety risk that requires strict control and a clean energy source with development potential.
[0003] In the coal sample pretreatment stage, the pneumatic motor-driven blade crushing device commonly used in domestic coal mines has revealed multiple systemic problems. This equipment uses compressed air to drive a pneumatic motor to rotate, which in turn drives carbide blades to mechanically crush the coal sample. From the perspective of the power system, the sealing structure of the pneumatic motor has design limitations: the dynamic seal between its piston rings and the cylinder wall relies on rubber seals, while coal dust particles are ubiquitous in the underground working environment. These micron-sized particles can enter the cylinder with the compressed air. During continuous operation, abrasive wear gradually forms on the surface of the seals, causing the compressed air leakage to gradually increase with the extension of the usage time. This leakage not only causes unstable power output and periodic fluctuations in blade speed, but also leads to an abnormally high overall energy consumption of the equipment due to the loss of compressed air energy.
[0004] The crushing efficiency of the blade assembly also suffers from structural defects. The existing equipment uses a double-edged straight blade design, where the blades contact the coal sample in a line-of-sight manner. During rotary crushing, coal particles break under the impact of the blades, but this instantaneous impact has limited effect on desorbing adsorbed methane from the coal. More seriously, the heat generated by the friction between the blades and the coal sample cannot be effectively dissipated through the existing heat dissipation structure. As the equipment operates continuously, the coal sample temperature rises steadily, and this temperature increase accelerates the thermal motion of methane molecules, leading to uncontrollable changes in the methane desorption rate within the coal sample.
[0005] Technical challenges in equipment maintenance further exacerbate operating costs. Replacing vulnerable parts of pneumatic motors requires specific procedures, and the limited working space and insufficient lighting in the mine make it difficult for maintenance personnel to accurately assess the wear of seals. Wear detection of the blade assembly also relies on manual experience; when the blades show significant dulling, the crushing efficiency has already decreased significantly, but the equipment can still maintain basic operation at this point. This latent failure mode makes it difficult for operators to detect equipment performance degradation in a timely manner, resulting in initial errors in the collected coal sample data during the crushing process. According to field feedback, this type of equipment frequently experiences operational abnormalities in the underground environment, requiring shutdown and maintenance each time a fault is resolved, severely impacting the continuity and timeliness of coal sample collection.
[0006] Therefore, breaking through existing technological bottlenecks and developing new coal sample processing equipment with low failure rate, good crushing effect, good user experience and low maintenance cost has become a key technological requirement in this field. Utility Model Content
[0007] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a ball-bearing underground coal sample crushing device, which can realize rapid crushing of underground coal samples, with low failure rate, good crushing effect, good user experience, low maintenance cost, and low power source requirements.
[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0009] A ball bearing type underground coal sample crushing device includes a tank, a vibrating plate, a support spring, and a base connected in sequence; the tank is provided with an exhaust nozzle and a cavity inside the tank, the cavity containing crushed pieces; the vibrating plate is provided with an annular channel, and ball bearings are provided in the annular channel; the vibrating plate is also provided with an air inlet and an air outlet connected to the annular channel;
[0010] The coal sample is placed in the cavity, and compressed air enters from the air inlet and exits from the air outlet, driving the ball bearings to move centrifugally in the annular channel. The centrifugal force generated by the centrifugal motion drives the vibrating plate, support spring, tank and crushing block to vibrate. When the crushing block moves randomly, it collides with the coal sample and crushes it. The gas released during the crushing process is discharged through the exhaust nozzle.
[0011] Optionally, the tank body is provided with a tank cover, which is pressed onto the tank body by a clamp; the outer ring of the tank cover is provided with a groove, and a sealing element is provided in the groove; the vent is opened on the tank cover, and the coal sample can be put in or taken out by opening the tank cover.
[0012] Optionally, a metering unit is connected to the exhaust nozzle for monitoring and statistically analyzing the amount or flow rate of released gas.
[0013] Optionally, the vibratory feeder is mounted on the bottom of the tank by screws.
[0014] Optionally, the annular channel is an elliptical channel or a circular channel; the annular channel is parallel to the vibrating plate.
[0015] Optionally, the balls are spherical and there are 1-3 balls.
[0016] Optionally, a quick-connect fitting for an air pipe is installed on the air inlet, and a silencer is installed on the air outlet.
[0017] Optionally, the broken block is an arc-shaped iron block with one concave surface and one convex surface on its two opposite sides.
[0018] Optionally, the support springs are provided in the form of 3 or 4; when there are 3, they are fixed between the vibrating plate and the base in a triangular shape; when there are 4, they are fixed between the vibrating plate and the base in a square shape.
[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0020] This invention provides a ball-bearing underground coal sample crushing device. Compared to traditional pneumatic motor blade crushing devices, it utilizes compressed air from underground coal mines for driving, eliminating the need for an additional power source. It replaces the pneumatic motor with pure mechanical vibration, significantly reducing the failure rate. Employing an impact-type crushing mechanism, it generates less heat, avoiding the heat generated by continuous friction between the high-speed rotating blades and the coal sample. The circular, disc-shaped crushing block, with its convex and concave design on both sides, increases the contact area and collision efficiency with the coal sample, resulting in a high degree of crushing. The ball-bearing drive vibration method requires less purified compressed air, making it suitable for... Designed for complex underground coal mine conditions, this equipment features a purely mechanical structure, resulting in low production costs, simple design, and low failure rate. The tank and vibratory feeder are independent units, avoiding the risk of gas leakage after coal sample crushing. Driven by compressed air from the mine, it has low power requirements. The high-manganese steel tank, lid, and crushing blocks, along with high-carbon chromium bearing steel balls, ensure the equipment's wear resistance and service life. Spring support increases the shaking amplitude of the crushing tank, and the spring specifications can be adjusted to select the vibration amplitude and control the crushing state, adapting to the crushing needs of coal samples with varying hardness. Furthermore, the clamp-fixed lid and rubber seals ensure the airtightness of the gas collection system.
[0021] Other advantages, objectives, and features of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination and study, or may be learned from practice of this invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description
[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the preferred embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
[0023] Figure 1 This is an isometric drawing of the overall device of this utility model;
[0024] Figure 2 This is a side view of the overall device of this utility model;
[0025] Figure 3 This is a top view of the overall device of this utility model;
[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 2AA cross-sectional view of the overall device;
[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 2 BB cross-sectional view of the overall device.
[0028] Figure label:
[0029] 1. Exhaust nozzle, 2. Clamp, 3. Can lid, 4. Can body, 5. Vibrating block, 6. Vibrating plate, 7. Ball bearing, 8. Support spring, 9. Base, 10. Annular channel, 11. Air inlet, 12. Air outlet. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. This utility model can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this utility model. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.
[0031] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the present invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.
[0032] In the accompanying drawings of this utility model, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0033] Example 1
[0034] Please see Figures 1-5This is a ball-bearing underground coal sample crushing device, comprising a tank body 4, a vibrating disc 6, a support spring, and a base 9 connected in sequence. The tank body 4 is equipped with a tank cover 3, which is pressed onto the tank body 4 by a clamp 2. The tank cover 3 has a central opening, and an exhaust nozzle 1 is installed in the opening of the tank cover 3. The tank body 4 has an internal cavity containing crushed material. The vibrating disc 6 has an annular channel 10, within which ball bearings 7 are installed. The vibrating disc 6 also has an air inlet 11 and an air outlet 12 connected to the annular channel 10, serving as compressed air inlet and outlet channels.
[0035] The coal sample is placed in the cavity, and compressed air enters from the air inlet 11 and exits from the air outlet 12, driving the ball bearing 7 to move centrifugally in the annular channel 10. The centrifugal force generated by the centrifugal motion drives the vibrating plate 6, the support spring 8, the tank body 4 and the crushing block to vibrate. When the crushing block moves randomly, it collides with the coal sample and crushes it. The gas released during the crushing process is discharged through the exhaust nozzle 1.
[0036] The annular channel 10 is an elliptical or circular channel; the annular channel 10 is parallel to the vibrating plate 6.
[0037] The ball bearing 7 is spherical and the number is unlimited. In some embodiments of this utility model, the number is preferably 1-3, and the material is preferably high carbon chromium bearing steel.
[0038] The broken block is an arc-shaped iron block with one concave and one convex surface on each of its two opposite sides.
[0039] There are 3 or 4 support springs; when there are 3, they are fixed in a triangular shape between the vibrating plate 6 and the base 9; when there are 4, they are fixed in a square shape between the vibrating plate 6 and the base 9.
[0040] Example 2
[0041] Based on the above embodiment one, this embodiment further specifies that the outer ring of the can lid 3 is provided with a groove, and a rubber seal is embedded in the groove. When using the device of this utility model, the coal sample to be crushed is placed into the receiving cavity of the can body 4, then the can lid 3 is placed on the can body 4, and finally the can lid 3 is fixed with the clamp 2. On the one hand, it can prevent the coal sample from scattering during vibration crushing, and on the other hand, it can ensure that the released gas is discharged from the exhaust nozzle 1. A metering unit is connected to the exhaust nozzle 1 for monitoring and statistically analyzing the amount or flow rate of released gas.
[0042] The bottom of the tank body 4 is provided with an internal threaded hole, and the vibrating plate 6 is installed at the bottom of the tank body 4 by screws. In some embodiments of this utility model, the internal threaded hole and the screws are preferably four in number and are evenly distributed between the tank body 4 and the vibrating plate 6.
[0043] A quick-connect fitting for the air pipe is installed on the air inlet 11, and a silencer is installed on the air outlet 12. This facilitates the connection of the underground high-pressure air pipe to the air inlet 11, utilizing the power source available in the underground coal mine, and making operation convenient.
[0044] The tank body 4, tank cover 3, and crushing blocks of this device are all made of high-manganese steel. The vibratory feeder 6 is preferably made of high-carbon chromium bearing steel, but carburized steel, 440C stainless steel, or silicon nitride ceramic materials can also be used.
[0045] The base 9 can be configured as a flat plate structure in various shapes such as rectangle and circle as needed.
[0046] Workflow:
[0047] Before use, the exhaust nozzle 1 is installed on the tank cover 3, the vibrating plate 6 is installed at the bottom of the tank body 4 by screws, the support spring 8 connects the upper end of the base 9 and the lower end of the vibrating plate 6, the ball bearing 7 is built into the annular track in the vibrating plate 6, the air inlet 11 is equipped with a quick-connect fitting for the air pipe, and the air outlet 12 is equipped with a silencer.
[0048] When in use, pour the coal sample to be crushed into the tank 4, cover it with the lid 3, and use the clamp 2 to press the lid 3 tightly onto the tank 4. Insert the latex tube into the exhaust nozzle 1 and connect it to the measuring cylinder or flow meter (metering unit). Connect the underground high-pressure air pipe to the air inlet 11, turn on the compressed air, and the compressed air blows the ball bearing 7 to move at high speed along the elliptical track, generating centrifugal force to drive the vibrating plate 6 to vibrate. The vibrating plate 6 drives the tank 4 and the lid 3 to move as a whole. The spring pulls the tank 4 and increases the range and amplitude of movement. The base 9 connects to the spring to support the tank 4 and the lid 3 as a whole. The crushed pieces move irregularly inside the tank 4 and hit the coal sample to crush it. The gas released during the crushing process is introduced into the metering device for measurement through the exhaust nozzle 1 and the latex tube. The spring and the base 9 control the range of movement of the tank 4, the lid 3 and the vibrating plate 6 to prevent the device from tipping over due to excessive vibration amplitude.
[0049] Compared to traditional pneumatic motor blade crushers, this utility model utilizes compressed air from underground coal mines for drive, eliminating the need for an additional power source. It replaces the pneumatic motor with pure mechanical vibration, significantly reducing the failure rate. The collision-type crushing mechanism generates less heat, avoiding the heat generated by the continuous friction between the high-speed rotating blades and the coal sample. The circular, disc-shaped crushing block's convex-concave design on both sides increases the contact area and collision efficiency with the coal sample, resulting in a high degree of crushing. The ball bearing type drive vibration method has low requirements for compressed air purity, adapting to the complex working conditions of underground coal mines. The pure mechanical structure results in low production costs, simple structure, and low failure rate. The tank 4 and vibrating plate 6 are independent units, avoiding the risk of gas leakage after coal sample crushing. Driven by compressed air from underground coal mines, the power source requirements are low. The high-manganese steel tank 4, tank cover 3, and crushing block, along with the high-carbon chromium bearing steel ball bearings 7, ensure the equipment's wear resistance and service life. Spring support increases the shaking amplitude of the crushing tank 4, and the spring specifications can be adjusted to select the vibration amplitude and control the crushing state, adapting to the crushing needs of coal samples with different hardness. In addition, the design of the clamp 2 to fix the tank cover 3 and the rubber seal ensures the airtightness of the gas collection.
[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of this technical solution, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. A ball-bearing type underground coal sample crushing device, characterized in that: The system includes a tank (4), a vibrating plate (6), a support spring, and a base (9) connected in sequence. The tank (4) is provided with an exhaust nozzle (1), and the tank (4) has a cavity inside, which contains broken pieces. The vibrating plate (6) has an annular channel (10) inside, and a ball bearing (7) inside the annular channel (10). The vibrating plate (6) is also provided with an air inlet (11) and an air outlet (12) connected to the annular channel (10). The coal sample is placed in the cavity, and compressed air enters from the air inlet (11) and exits from the air outlet (12), driving the ball bearing (7) to move centrifugally in the annular channel (10). The centrifugal force generated by the centrifugal motion drives the vibrating plate (6), the support spring (8), the tank (4) and the crushing block to vibrate. When the crushing block moves randomly, it collides with the coal sample and crushes it. The gas released during the crushing process is discharged through the exhaust nozzle (1).
2. The ball-bearing underground coal sample crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tank body (4) is provided with a tank cover (3), which is pressed onto the tank body (4) by a clamp (2); the outer ring of the tank cover (3) is provided with a groove, and a sealing element is provided in the groove; the exhaust nozzle (1) is opened on the tank cover (3), and the coal sample can be put in or taken out by opening the tank cover (3).
3. The ball-bearing underground coal sample crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust nozzle (1) is connected to a metering unit for monitoring and statistically analyzing the amount of gas released or the gas flow rate.
4. The ball-bearing underground coal sample crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibratory plate (6) is mounted on the bottom of the tank (4) by screws.
5. The ball-bearing underground coal sample crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular channel (10) is an elliptical channel or a circular channel; the annular channel (10) is parallel to the vibrating plate (6).
6. The ball-bearing underground coal sample crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball bearings (7) are spherical and number 1-3.
7. The ball-bearing underground coal sample crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A quick-connect fitting for the air pipe is installed on the air inlet (11), and a silencer is installed on the air outlet (12).
8. The ball-bearing underground coal sample crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The broken block is an arc-shaped iron block with one concave surface and one convex surface on its two opposite sides.
9. The ball-bearing underground coal sample crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support springs (8) are provided in three or four units; when there are three units, they are fixed between the vibrating plate (6) and the base (9) in a triangular posture; when there are four units, they are fixed between the vibrating plate (6) and the base (9) in a square posture.