A complete system of coarse and fine classification vertical crushing
The vertical crushing system, with its chamber-based grading crushing and dual-motor independent drive, solves the problem of coupling coarse and fine crushing functions in traditional vertical crushers, achieving efficient and energy-saving material crushing. It is suitable for processing medium to high hardness materials in the mining and metallurgical fields.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- QIANXI COUNTY LINHUI MASCH CASTING CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Traditional vertical crushers have a coupling of coarse and fine crushing functions, resulting in low crushing efficiency, high energy consumption, and difficulty in meeting the crushing needs of materials with different hardness. The equipment occupies a large area, the process flow is complex, and the single motor drive system has significant energy loss when the load fluctuates.
It adopts a chamber-based grading crushing and dual-motor independent drive design. The upper and lower chambers are separated by a screen. The first and second rotors are driven by a low-speed, high-torque reduction motor and a high-speed motor, respectively, to achieve coarse and fine grading crushing. The speed and power are dynamically adjusted by a controller. Combined with centrifugal scrapers and reverse thread structure, the material is graded and crushed.
It significantly improves crushing efficiency and energy consumption control, increases processing capacity by more than 30%, saves 20%-30% on energy, improves the uniformity of fine crushed products, is suitable for continuous crushing of medium and high hardness materials, shortens the process flow, and reduces equipment damage and energy waste.
Smart Images
Figure CN224524931U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of crusher technology, specifically to a complete set of vertical crushing systems for coarse and fine grading. Background Technology
[0002] In mining, building materials, and metallurgy, vertical crushers are widely used for medium and fine crushing of materials due to their compact structure and high crushing efficiency. However, traditional integrated vertical crushers suffer from the problem of coupled coarse and fine crushing functions, resulting in low crushing efficiency, high energy consumption, and difficulty in meeting the crushing needs of materials with different hardness. In existing technologies, coarse and fine crushing usually need to be carried out in stages, resulting in large equipment footprints, complex processes, and significant energy losses in single-motor drive systems under load fluctuations, which restricts the improvement of production efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0003] This invention provides a complete vertical crushing system for coarse and fine grading. Through the design of chamber grading crushing and dual motor independent drive, it significantly improves crushing efficiency and energy consumption control.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a vertical crushing system for coarse and fine grading, comprising: a crushing chamber, which is a longitudinally arranged cylindrical cavity structure, with a feed inlet on one side of the top and a discharge outlet on one side of the bottom; a screen in the middle of the crushing chamber, which separates the chamber into an upper cavity and a lower cavity; a first stator fixed to the inner wall of the upper cavity and a second stator fixed to the inner wall of the lower cavity; and a positioning shaft seat in the center of the screen; a first rotor, which is disposed in the upper cavity, and has a first shaft at its top, the first shaft passing through a shaft hole at the top of the crushing chamber outwards. The crushing chamber is further divided into several parts: a reduction motor connected to the first shaft at the top, a shaft head cooperating with the positioning shaft seat at the bottom, and multiple breaker hammers distributed on the outer wall of the first rotor; a second rotor disposed in the lower cavity, with a second shaft at the bottom, the second shaft extending outward through a shaft hole at the bottom of the crushing chamber, a high-speed motor connected to the second shaft at the bottom, a shaft head cooperating with the positioning shaft seat at the top, and multiple external crushing threads distributed on the outer wall of the second rotor; and a controller, with the reduction motor and the high-speed motor electrically connected to the controller.
[0005] Preferably, the bottom of the second rotor is provided with a centrifugal scraper adapted to the bottom of the lower cavity.
[0006] Preferably, the outer side wall of the first rotor is provided with a circumferential groove, and each of the hydraulic breakers is hinged within the groove.
[0007] Preferably, the top inner diameter of the first stator is larger than the bottom inner diameter, and the inner wall of the first stator is densely covered with multiple longitudinal crushing grooves; the top outer diameter of the first rotor is smaller than the bottom outer diameter.
[0008] Preferably, the inner wall of the second stator is a curved structure, and the top inner diameter is larger than the bottom inner diameter; the outer wall of the second rotor is a curved structure, and the top outer diameter is smaller than the bottom outer diameter; the inner wall of the second stator is provided with a breaking internal thread, and the rotation direction of the breaking internal thread is opposite to that of the breaking external thread.
[0009] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This vertical crushing system for coarse and fine grading significantly improves crushing efficiency and energy consumption control through its chamber-based grading design and independent dual-motor drive. During operation, material enters the upper chamber through the feed inlet, where a low-speed, high-torque reduction motor drives the first rotor. The rotating crushing hammer interacts with the first stator to achieve primary crushing of large pieces of material. A screen intercepts substandard coarse particles, allowing them to continue circulating and being crushed within the upper chamber. Material passing through the screen enters the lower chamber, where a high-speed motor drives the second rotor. The external threads of the rotor shear and grind against the second stator, achieving fine crushing of the material, which is then discharged from the outlet. The reduction motor and high-speed motor are independently controlled by a controller, allowing for dynamic adjustment of speed and power based on material hardness, feed rate, and other parameters, avoiding energy waste caused by load fluctuations. The screen, as the core grading component, achieves physical isolation between coarse and fine crushing, preventing functional coupling. A positioning shaft ensures the coaxial stability of the two rotors, reducing vibration and wear. Because this system separates coarse and fine crushing, it avoids the problem of repeated material crushing in traditional single-chamber systems, shortens the process flow, and increases processing capacity by more than 30%. Screen grading precisely controls material particle size, significantly improving the uniformity of the finely crushed product. Dual motors allocate power as needed, saving 20%-30% energy compared to single-motor drive systems. Furthermore, the controller automatically adjusts motor output during load fluctuations, reducing no-load or overload losses. Therefore, it can handle materials of varying hardness, such as mine ore and building material waste, and matches crushing requirements by adjusting rotor speed. This technology is particularly suitable for continuous crushing of medium-to-high hardness materials, offering significant economic and environmental advantages in mining, metallurgy, and other fields. The bottom of the second rotor is equipped with a centrifugal scraper adapted to the bottom of the lower chamber. This centrifugal scraper is used for dynamic discharge assistance; it rotates synchronously at high speed with the second rotor, using centrifugal force to continuously sweep the finely crushed material accumulated at the bottom of the lower chamber towards the discharge port, preventing material from remaining at the bottom due to its own weight or adhesion. Especially for materials with high moisture content and easy adhesion, the forced discharge by the scraper can prevent blockages. The centrifugal scraper maintains a small gap with the bottom of the lower chamber, avoiding direct friction and wear while preventing material from entering the bearing area of the second shaft, thus extending bearing life. The articulated hammer, during rotation, is thrown outwards by centrifugal force and rebounds upon contact with the material, forming an "impact-rebound" cycle. This flexible connection allows the hammer to automatically adjust the impact angle and force according to the material's hardness and size, avoiding energy waste or equipment damage caused by hard collisions. In the coarse crushing stage, progressive crushing and enhanced material flow guide the material as it moves from top to bottom, gradually reducing the crushing gap and achieving "staged compression." The longitudinal grooves on the stator inner wall and the rotating hammer form a dynamic toothed plate structure, causing the material to be thrown against the stator wall under centrifugal force and cut by the edges of the crushing grooves.Through the bidirectional curved surfaces and reverse thread structure of the second stator and the second rotor, a combined crushing effect of efficient shearing and grinding and forced material circulation is achieved in the fine crushing stage. In particular, the gradually narrowing grinding channel formed by the bidirectional curved surfaces allows the material to move from top to bottom. It is subjected to the dual action of curved surface compression and thread shearing, achieving "three-dimensional crushing": the combined shearing effect of the reverse threads forms a cross shear force field. The material is repeatedly torn and ground between the thread teeth, and the material is forced to move spirally in the cavity, prolonging the residence time and ensuring thorough crushing. Attached Figure Description
[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the screen structure of this utility model;
[0013] Figure 3 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the present invention.
[0014] In the diagram: 1. Crushing chamber; 2. Feed inlet; 3. Discharge outlet; 4. Screen; 5. First stator; 6. Second stator; 7. Positioning shaft seat; 8. First rotor; 9. Crusher hammer; 10. Second rotor; 11. External crushing thread; 12. Centrifugal scraper; 13. Crushing trough; 14. Internal crushing thread; 15. Gear motor; 16. High-speed motor. Detailed Implementation
[0015] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0016] according to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, a vertical crushing system for coarse and fine grading includes: a crushing chamber 1, which is a longitudinally arranged cylindrical cavity structure with a feed inlet 2 on one side of the top and a discharge outlet 3 on one side of the bottom. A screen 4 is provided in the middle of the crushing chamber 1, dividing it into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. A first stator 5 is fixed to the inner wall of the upper cavity, and a second stator 6 is fixed to the inner wall of the lower cavity. A positioning shaft seat 7 is provided in the center of the screen 4; a first rotor 8, which is disposed in the upper cavity and has a first shaft at its top. The first shaft extends outward through a shaft hole at the top of the crushing chamber 1. The top of the crushing chamber 1 is provided with a... The first rotor 8 is connected to a reduction motor 15, and the bottom of the first rotor 8 is provided with a shaft head that cooperates with the positioning shaft seat 7. The outer wall of the first rotor 8 is provided with multiple breaker hammers 9. The second rotor 10 is disposed in the lower cavity, and the bottom of the second rotor 10 is provided with a second shaft. The second shaft extends outward through the shaft hole at the bottom of the crushing chamber 1. The bottom of the crushing chamber 1 is provided with a high-speed motor 16 connected to the second shaft. The top of the second rotor 10 is provided with a shaft head that cooperates with the positioning shaft seat 7. The outer wall of the second rotor 10 is provided with multiple external crushing threads 11. The reduction motor 15 and the high-speed motor 16 are electrically connected to the controller.
[0017] This vertical crushing system, which separates coarse and fine crushing, significantly improves crushing efficiency and energy consumption control through its chamber-based grading design and dual-motor independent drive. During operation, material enters the upper chamber through the feed inlet 2, where a low-speed, high-torque reduction motor 15 drives the first rotor 8. The rotating crusher 9 interacts with the first stator 5 to achieve primary crushing of large pieces of material. The screen 4 intercepts substandard coarse particles, allowing them to continue circulating and being crushed within the upper chamber. Material passing through the screen 4 enters the lower chamber, where a high-speed motor 16 drives the second rotor 10. The external threads of the rotor interact with the second stator 6 to create shearing and grinding action, achieving fine crushing of the material, which is then discharged from the outlet 3. The reduction motor 15 and the high-speed motor 16 are independently controlled by a controller, allowing for dynamic adjustment of speed and power based on material hardness, feed rate, and other parameters, avoiding energy waste caused by load fluctuations. The screen 4, as the core grading component, achieves physical isolation between coarse and fine crushing, preventing functional coupling. The positioning shaft seat 7 ensures the coaxial stability of the two rotors, reducing vibration and wear. Because this system separates coarse and fine crushing, it avoids the problem of repeated material crushing in traditional single-chamber systems, shortening the process flow and increasing processing capacity by over 30%. The four-stage screen precisely controls material particle size, significantly improving the uniformity of the finely crushed product. Dual motors distribute power as needed, saving 20%-30% energy compared to single-motor drive systems. Furthermore, the controller automatically adjusts motor output during load fluctuations, reducing no-load or overload losses. Therefore, it can handle materials of varying hardness, such as mine ore and building material waste, and matches crushing requirements by adjusting the rotor speed. This technology is particularly suitable for continuous crushing of medium- to high-hardness materials, offering significant economic and environmental advantages in mining, metallurgy, and other fields.
[0018] The second rotor 10 has a centrifugal scraper 12 at its bottom that is adapted to the bottom of the lower cavity. This centrifugal scraper 12 is used for dynamic discharge assistance. It rotates synchronously with the second rotor 10 at high speed, using centrifugal force to continuously sweep the fine material accumulated at the bottom of the lower cavity towards the discharge port 3, preventing material from remaining at the bottom due to its own weight or adhesion. Especially for materials with high moisture content and easy adhesion, the forced discharge by the scraper can prevent blockage. The centrifugal scraper 12 maintains a small gap with the bottom of the lower cavity, which avoids direct friction and wear, and also prevents material from entering the bearing area of the second shaft, extending bearing life.
[0019] The outer wall of the first rotor 8 is provided with a circumferential groove, and each of the breaker hammers 9 is hinged in the groove.
[0020] Through this design, the articulated hammer 9 can be thrown outwards by centrifugal force during rotation, and then swing back due to resistance upon contact with the material, forming an "impact-rebound" cycle. This flexible connection allows the hammer head to automatically adjust the impact angle and force according to the hardness and size of the material, avoiding energy waste or equipment damage caused by hard collisions.
[0021] The top inner diameter of the first stator 5 is larger than the bottom inner diameter, and the inner wall of the first stator 5 is densely covered with multiple longitudinal crushing grooves 13; the top outer diameter of the first rotor 8 is smaller than the bottom outer diameter.
[0022] The above design achieves progressive crushing and enhanced material flow in the coarse crushing stage. As the material moves from top to bottom, the crushing gap gradually narrows, achieving "stage compression". The longitudinal grooves on the inner wall of the stator and the rotating crusher 9 form a dynamic toothed plate structure. Under the action of centrifugal force, the material is thrown towards the stator wall and cut by the edges of the crushing groove 13.
[0023] The inner wall of the second stator 6 is a curved structure, and the top inner diameter is larger than the bottom inner diameter; the outer wall of the second rotor 10 is a curved structure, and the top outer diameter is smaller than the bottom outer diameter; the inner wall of the second stator 6 is provided with a breaking internal thread 14, and the breaking internal thread 14 rotates in the opposite direction to the breaking external thread 11.
[0024] This design achieves a combined crushing effect of efficient shearing and grinding and forced material circulation in the fine crushing stage through the bidirectional curved surface and reverse thread structure of the second stator 6 and the second rotor 10. In particular, the gradually narrowing grinding channel formed by the bidirectional curved surface achieves "three-dimensional crushing" when the material moves from top to bottom under the dual action of curved surface compression and thread shearing: the combined shearing effect of the reverse thread forms a cross shear force field, and the material is repeatedly torn and ground between the thread teeth, and the material is forced to move spirally in the cavity, prolonging the residence time and ensuring thorough crushing.
[0025] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A vertical crushing system for coarse and fine grading, characterized in that, include: The crushing chamber (1) is a longitudinally arranged cylindrical cavity structure, with a feed inlet (2) on one side of the top and a discharge outlet (3) on one side of the bottom. A screen (4) is provided in the middle of the crushing chamber (1), and the screen (4) separates the upper cavity and the lower cavity. A first stator (5) is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the upper cavity, and a second stator (6) is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the lower cavity. A positioning shaft seat (7) is provided in the center of the screen (4). The first rotor (8) is disposed in the upper cavity, and the first rotor (8) has a first shaft at the top. The first shaft extends outward through the shaft hole at the top of the crushing chamber (1). The top of the crushing chamber (1) is provided with a reduction motor (15) connected to the first shaft. The bottom of the first rotor (8) is provided with a shaft head that cooperates with the positioning shaft seat (7). The outer wall of the first rotor (8) is provided with a plurality of breaker hammers (9). The second rotor (10) is disposed in the lower cavity, and the bottom of the second rotor (10) is provided with a second shaft. The second shaft extends outward through the shaft hole at the bottom of the crushing chamber (1). The bottom of the crushing chamber (1) is provided with a high-speed motor (16) connected to the second shaft. The top of the second rotor (10) is provided with a shaft head that cooperates with the positioning shaft seat (7). The outer wall of the second rotor (10) is distributed with multiple crushing external threads (11). The controller, the geared motor (15) and the high-speed motor (16) are electrically connected to the controller respectively.
2. The vertical crushing system for coarse and fine grading according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the second rotor (10) is provided with a centrifugal scraper (12) that is adapted to the bottom of the lower cavity.
3. The vertical crushing system for coarse and fine grading according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the first rotor (8) is provided with a circumferential groove, and each of the breaker hammers (9) is hinged in the groove.
4. A vertical crushing system for coarse and fine grading according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first stator (5) has a larger inner diameter at the top than at the bottom, and the inner wall of the first stator (5) is densely covered with multiple longitudinal crushing grooves (13); the first rotor (8) has a smaller outer diameter at the top than at the bottom.
5. A vertical crushing system for coarse and fine grading according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the second stator (6) is a curved structure, and the top inner diameter is larger than the bottom inner diameter; the outer wall of the second rotor (10) is a curved structure, and the top outer diameter is smaller than the bottom outer diameter; the inner wall of the second stator (6) is provided with a breaking internal thread (14), and the rotation direction of the breaking internal thread (14) is opposite to that of the breaking external thread (11).