A cyclone overflow pipe

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of cyclone overflow pipe, belong to cyclone technical field, including pipe main body, pipe main body includes by lower to upper sequentially connected variable diameter section and straight pipe section, the inside of variable diameter section is equipped with the multistage stepped hole of thick lower thin upper, the inside circumferential of multistage stepped hole is equipped with multiple composite guide vane, the circumferential of multistage stepped hole and straight pipe section connecting place is evenly equipped with multiple turbulence convex point.The utility model provides a kind of cyclone overflow pipe, by setting thick lower thin upper multistage stepped hole in variable diameter section, when fluid flows in multistage stepped hole, form flow velocity difference, utilize the correlation characteristics of flow velocity and pressure to enhance suction to lower liquid, without increasing feed pressure as traditional technology, can reduce equipment attrition rate, reduce energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of hydrocyclone technology, and more specifically, it relates to a hydrocyclone overflow pipe. Background Technology

[0002] A hydrocyclone is a key device for separating mixtures with density differences based on the principle of centrifugal sedimentation. It is widely used in mining, chemical and other fields. The structural design of the overflow pipe directly affects its separation efficiency, operating energy consumption and equipment life.

[0003] Traditional hydrocyclones suffer from poor separation performance in practical applications. To improve separation efficiency, engineers often increase the feed pressure to enhance centrifugal force. However, this method leads to accelerated wear of internal hydrocyclone components and significantly increases energy consumption, which is detrimental to the long-term stable operation of the equipment. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an overflow pipe for a hydrocyclone, which aims to solve the problems of wear and energy consumption caused by the reliance on increased feed pressure in traditional hydrocyclones.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a hydrocyclone overflow pipe is provided, including a pipe body, the pipe body including a variable diameter section and a straight pipe section connected sequentially from bottom to top, the variable diameter section is provided with multi-stage stepped holes with a coarser bottom and a finer top, the multi-stage stepped holes are provided with multiple composite guide plates in the circumferential direction inside, and multiple turbulence protrusions are uniformly provided in the circumferential direction at the connection between the multi-stage stepped holes and the straight pipe section.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the multi-level stepped hole includes a bottom section, a middle section, and a top section connected sequentially from bottom to top, wherein the diameter reduction ratio of the bottom section, the middle section, and the top section is 5%-10% respectively.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the composite guide plate includes a guide spiral plate and a guide straight plate, wherein the guide spiral plate is disposed in the bottom layer section and the guide straight plate is disposed in the middle layer section.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the helix angle of the flow guide spiral plate is 30°-60°, and the helix angle on the same flow guide spiral plate gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the angle between the flow guide plate and the axis of the middle section is 15°-30°.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the top layer section is provided with a plurality of pressure balancing holes in the circumference, the pressure balancing holes are connected through the sidewall of the variable diameter section, and a control switch is provided in the pressure balancing hole. The control switch controls the pressure balancing hole to open or close according to the pressure of the fluid in the top layer section.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the pressure balancing hole includes a first section hole and a second section hole connected to each other. The first section hole connects to the top layer section, and the second section hole connects to the outside. The first section hole is an inclined hole that is inclined outward from bottom to top, and the second section hole is a horizontal hole connected to the middle of the first section hole.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the angle between the central axis of the inclined hole and the inner wall of the top section is 15°-20°.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the first section of the hole has an extension section that extends outward through the sidewall of the variable diameter section, and the control switch is disposed within the extension section. The control switch includes: A sleeve is connected within the extension section, and a sliding hole is provided through the middle of the sleeve; The sealing plug is slidably disposed within the first section of the hole and seals the space between the first section of the hole and the second section of the hole; A sliding rod, one end of which is connected to the sealing plug, and the other end which is slidably disposed in the sliding hole; A spring is sleeved on the slide rod and located between the sleeve and the sealing plug; The sealing plug slides within the first section hole under the action of fluid pressure in the top layer section, thereby connecting or sealing the first section hole and the second section hole.

[0014] In one possible implementation, a limiting ring is provided at the end of the slide rod away from the sealing plug. The diameter of the limiting ring is larger than the diameter of the sliding hole. The limiting ring is located on the outside of the sleeve. When the sealing plug is flush with the inner sidewall of the top layer section, the limiting ring abuts against the sleeve.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the hydrocyclone overflow pipe provided by this utility model are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the hydrocyclone overflow pipe of this utility model, by setting a multi-stage stepped hole with a coarser lower section and a finer upper section in the variable diameter section, creates a velocity difference when the fluid flows in the multi-stage stepped hole. By utilizing the correlation characteristics between velocity and pressure, the suction force on the liquid below is enhanced. Unlike traditional technology, there is no need to increase the feed pressure. In this way, the impact force of the fluid on the pipe wall can be reduced. Combined with the buffering effect of the stepped structure on turbulence, the wear rate of the equipment can be greatly reduced. Moreover, the separation power can be guaranteed without additional pressure increase, reducing energy consumption and effectively solving the problem of "increased wear and excessive energy consumption caused by increasing feed pressure" in the background technology. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a hydrocyclone overflow pipe provided for an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 A bottom view of the overflow pipe of a hydrocyclone provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point M.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Variable diameter section; 2. Straight pipe section; 3. Multi-stage stepped hole; 31. Bottom layer section; 32. Middle layer section; 33. Top layer section; 4. Composite guide plate; 41. Guide spiral plate; 42. Guide straight plate; 5. Turbulence protrusion; 6. Pressure balance hole; 61. First section hole; 611. Extension section; 62. Second section hole; 7. Control switch; 71. Sleeve; 72. Sealing plug; 73. Slide rod; 74. Spring; 75. Fiber ring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0020] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0021] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 2 The present invention provides a hydrocyclone overflow pipe. The hydrocyclone overflow pipe includes a pipe body, which comprises a variable diameter section 1 and a straight pipe section 2 connected sequentially from bottom to top. The variable diameter section 1 has a multi-stage stepped hole 3 with a wider bottom and a narrower top. Multiple composite guide plates 4 are circumferentially arranged inside the multi-stage stepped hole 3. Multiple turbulence protrusions 5 are evenly arranged circumferentially at the connection between the multi-stage stepped hole 3 and the straight pipe section 2.

[0024] In application, the mixed fluid to be separated (such as slurry or gas-solid mixture) enters the multi-stage stepped holes 3 of the variable diameter section 1 from the bottom of the pipe body under the centrifugal force of the hydrocyclone. The fluid flows upward along the multi-stage stepped holes 3, which are "coarse at the bottom and fine at the top". As the diameter of each stepped hole gradually decreases, the flow velocity increases step by step under the condition of constant flow rate, forming a significant velocity gradient. According to the Bernoulli effect, the increased flow velocity reduces the relative pressure at the top of the variable diameter section 1, which enhances the suction force on the fluid below. The separation power can be enhanced without relying on increasing the feed pressure. During the flow, the composite guide plate 4 guides the swirling flow to rise orderly along the inner wall of the steps, avoiding the fluid from directly impacting the pipe wall and forming turbulence, and reducing short-circuit flow. When the fluid reaches the connection between the multi-stage stepped holes 3 and the straight pipe section 2, the residual swirling flow is further broken by the circumferentially distributed turbulence protrusions 5, so that the flow state is smoothly transformed from the "spiral acceleration flow" of the stepped section to the "axial stable flow" of the straight pipe section 2, and finally discharged through the straight pipe section 2, completing the overflow separation process.

[0025] This utility model provides a hydrocyclone overflow pipe that, compared with the prior art, creates a velocity difference in the fluid flowing through the multi-stage stepped holes 3 (coarser at the bottom and finer at the top) within the variable diameter section 1. This enhances the suction force on the liquid below by utilizing the correlation between velocity and pressure, eliminating the need to increase the feed pressure as in traditional technologies. This reduces the impact of the fluid on the pipe wall, and combined with the buffering effect of the stepped structure on turbulence, significantly reduces the wear rate of the equipment. Furthermore, it ensures separation power without additional pressure increase, reducing energy consumption and effectively solving the problem of "increased wear and excessive energy consumption due to increased feed pressure" in the prior art.

[0026] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 1 to 2 The aforementioned multi-stage stepped aperture 3 includes a bottom section 31, a middle section 32, and a top section 33 connected sequentially from bottom to top. In specific applications, the bottom section 31, the middle section 32, and the top section 33 are successively reduced in diameter from bottom to top, with the reduction ratio controlled at 5%-10%. By fixing the reduction ratio, it is ensured that the aperture change of each section is uniform, avoiding local turbulence caused by excessive reduction amplitude, while ensuring that the flow velocity increases steadily along the path (the flow velocity increases by 5%-10% in each section), providing a controllable gradient basis for enhanced suction.

[0027] In this embodiment, the composite guide plate 4 is divided into a guide plate 42. The guide spiral plate 41 is located in the bottom section 31, with a spiral angle of 30°-60°. The spiral angle of the same guide spiral plate 41 gradually decreases from bottom to top (e.g., from 60° at the bottom of the bottom section 31 to 30° at the top). This is adapted to the larger aperture and initial swirling intensity of the bottom section 31. The gradual change in spiral angle guides the strong swirling flow to spiral upward along the inner wall of the bottom section 31, avoiding direct impact of the fluid on the pipe wall. The guide plate 42 is located in the middle section 32, with an angle of 15°-30° with the axis of the middle section 32. This is adapted to the smaller aperture and weakened swirling intensity of the middle section 32. The spiral flow initially guided by the bottom section 31 is gradually converted into axial flow, providing a smooth transition to the top section 33 and the straight pipe section 2.

[0028] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 Multiple pressure balancing holes 6 are provided around the top section 33. The pressure balancing holes 6 are connected to and penetrate the side wall of the variable diameter section 1. A control switch 7 is installed in the pressure balancing hole 6. The control switch 7 controls the pressure balancing hole 6 to open or close according to the pressure of the fluid in the top section 33. The pressure balance inside and outside the overflow pipe is automatically controlled by the fluid pressure to avoid the decrease in separation efficiency or equipment damage caused by the fluctuation of the feed pressure.

[0029] Specifically, the pressure balancing hole 6 includes a first section hole 61 and a second section hole 62 connected to each other. The first section hole 61 is an inclined hole that is inclined outward from bottom to top. The first section hole 61 is connected to the top layer section 33 and extends obliquely outward and upward from the inner wall of the top layer section 33 at an angle of 15°-20°, forming an acute angle with the fluid flow direction of the top layer section 33, which can prevent the main fluid from directly impacting the channel. The second section hole 62 is a horizontal hole connected to the middle of the first section hole 61. The second section hole 62 is laterally connected to the outside of the overflow pipe in the middle of the first section hole 61.

[0030] In this embodiment, the first hole 61 has an extension section 611 that extends outward through the side wall of the reducing section 1. The control switch 7 is located inside the extension section 611. The control switch 7 includes a sleeve 71, a sealing plug 72, a slide rod 73, and a spring 74. The sleeve 71 is fixed to the outer port of the extension section 611 by a threaded connection. A sliding hole is provided through the middle of the sleeve 71. The sealing plug 72 is slidably disposed inside the first hole 61. In the initial state, the sealing plug 72 seals the connection between the first hole 61 and the second hole 62. One end of the slide rod 73 is connected to the sealing plug 72, and the other end of the slide rod 73 is slidably disposed inside the sliding hole. The spring 74 is sleeved on the slide rod 73. Located between sleeve 71 and sealing plug 72, the stiffness of spring 74 is calibrated according to the normal operating pressure range of the hydrocyclone to ensure dynamic opening and closing within the design pressure fluctuation range. In practical applications, when the fluid pressure in the top section 33 rises abnormally (e.g., exceeding the design pressure by 20%), the fluid pressure exceeds the preload of spring 74, and sealing plug 72 is pushed open, connecting the first section hole 61 and the second section hole 62, which can release excessive pressure and avoid the increase of short-circuit flow caused by excessive pressure. When the fluid pressure in the top section 33 decreases, spring 74 pushes sealing plug 72 to reset, resealing the first section hole 61 and the second section hole 62, ensuring that the suction gradient formed by the multi-stage stepped holes 3 is not affected.

[0031] In this embodiment, a limiting ring is provided at the end of the slide rod 73 away from the sealing plug 72. The diameter of the limiting ring is larger than the diameter of the sliding hole. The limiting ring is located on the outside of the sleeve 71, forming a physical block on the sliding of the slide rod 73. When the pressure inside the top section 33 is normal, the spring 74 pushes the sealing plug 72 to seal the inlet end of the first section hole 61. The sealing plug 72 is flush with the inner wall of the top section 33. At this time, the limiting ring abuts against the sleeve 71, restricting the sealing block from moving into the top section 33. When the pressure inside the top section 33 increases, the fluid pushes the sealing plug 72 outward, causing the slide rod 73 to slide inside the sleeve 71. The first section hole and the second section hole 62 are connected. At this time, the limiting ring is away from the sleeve 71. When the pressure decreases, the spring 74 pushes the sealing plug 72 to reset. The presence of the limiting ring ensures that the slide rod 73 will not disengage from the sleeve 71 due to pressure fluctuations, ensuring that the force of the spring 74 can effectively act on the sealing plug 72, achieving reliable reset.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A hydrocyclone overflow pipe, characterized in that, The pipe body includes a variable diameter section (1) and a straight pipe section (2) connected sequentially from bottom to top. The variable diameter section (1) is provided with a multi-stage stepped hole (3) with a coarser bottom and a finer top. The multi-stage stepped hole (3) is provided with multiple composite guide plates (4) in the circumferential direction. Multiple turbulence protrusions (5) are uniformly provided in the circumferential direction at the connection between the multi-stage stepped hole (3) and the straight pipe section (2).

2. The hydrocyclone overflow pipe as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-level stepped hole (3) includes a bottom section (31), a middle section (32) and a top section (33) connected sequentially from bottom to top, and the diameter reduction ratio of the bottom section (31), the middle section (32) and the top section (33) is 5%-10% respectively.

3. The hydrocyclone overflow pipe as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The composite guide plate (4) includes a guide spiral plate (41) and a guide straight plate (42). The guide spiral plate (41) is located in the bottom layer section (31), and the guide straight plate (42) is located in the middle layer section (32).

4. The hydrocyclone overflow pipe as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The helix angle of the flow guide spiral plate (41) is 30°-60°, and the helix angle on the same flow guide spiral plate (41) gradually decreases from bottom to top.

5. The hydrocyclone overflow pipe as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The angle between the axis of the flow guide plate (42) and the axis of the middle section (32) is 15°-30°.

6. The overflow pipe of a hydrocyclone as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The top section (33) is provided with a plurality of pressure balancing holes (6) in the circumferential direction. The pressure balancing holes (6) are connected through the side wall of the variable diameter section (1). A control switch (7) is provided in the pressure balancing hole (6). The control switch (7) controls the pressure balancing hole (6) to be connected or closed according to the pressure of the fluid in the top section (33).

7. The hydrocyclone overflow pipe as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The pressure balancing hole (6) includes a first section hole (61) and a second section hole (62) connected to each other. The first section hole (61) is connected to the top section (33), and the second section hole (62) is connected to the outside. The first section hole (61) is an inclined hole that is inclined outward from bottom to top, and the second section hole (62) is a horizontal hole connected to the middle of the first section hole (61).

8. The hydrocyclone overflow pipe as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The angle between the central axis of the inclined hole and the inner wall of the top section (33) is 15°-20°.

9. The hydrocyclone overflow pipe as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The first hole (61) is provided with an extension section (611), the extension section (611) extending outward through the side wall of the variable diameter section (1), and the control switch (7) is disposed in the extension section (611). The control switch (7) includes: A sleeve (71) is connected inside the extension section (611), and a sliding hole is provided through the middle of the sleeve (71); The sealing plug (72) is slidably disposed in the first section hole (61) and seals between the first section hole (61) and the second section hole (62); A slide rod (73) has one end connected to the sealing plug (72) and the other end slidably disposed in the slide hole; A spring (74) is sleeved on the slide rod (73) and located between the sleeve (71) and the sealing plug (72); The sealing plug (72) slides within the first section hole (61) under the action of fluid pressure in the top layer section (33), so that the first section hole (61) and the second section hole (62) are connected or blocked.

10. A hydrocyclone overflow pipe as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The sliding rod (73) has a limiting ring at one end away from the sealing plug (72). The diameter of the limiting ring is larger than the diameter of the sliding hole. The limiting ring is located on the outside of the sleeve (71). When the sealing plug (72) is flush with the inner wall of the top layer section (33), the limiting ring abuts against the sleeve (71).

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