A seed air separator

Abstract

The utility model provides a seed winnower, including air channel, be equipped with the feed inlet above air channel, air channel's both ends are equipped with wind box and discharge gate respectively, wind box's outside is connected with corresponding power device, is equipped with air volume adjusting plate in air channel, air channel, wind box and power device all install on support frame, the utility model discloses more time -saving and labour-saving, and the seed selection efficiency is higher, and it is more applicable to modernization seedling operation demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of seed screening equipment, and in particular relates to a seed air separator for screening lightweight and small seeds. Background Technology

[0002] A seed air separator is a device that uses wind power to screen and grade seeds. It is mainly used to remove impurities, lightweight seeds, and shriveled seeds, thereby improving seed quality and purity. Its working principle involves a high-performance fan generating strong winds, causing the seeds to experience different forces within the airflow, thus achieving grading and screening. Lightweight impurities such as leaves and cone shells (wings) are blown away by the strong winds, while heavier seeds fall into the corresponding collection troughs. Traditional air separators can only separate shell impurities from seeds in materials with high unit weight, such as millet and mung beans, and can sort materials with large leaf areas, such as tea leaves. They cannot grade lightweight, small seeds (weight ≤10g / 1000 seeds, diameter ≤5mm), such as spruce, larch, and other similar seeds. For light and small seed varieties, the traditional method is manual screening. This method is not only labor-intensive and slow, but also results in a low seed yield. Currently, the utilization rate of manually screened seeds is less than 80%, and the yield of first-grade seeds is only 70%. Most existing auxiliary devices for screening light and small seed varieties on the market are hand-cranked or foot-operated, and often use vibration screening. These are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, failing to improve labor efficiency and reduce labor time, but they also cannot meet the needs of modern seedling cultivation, significantly impacting the efficiency of modern nursery seedling operations. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a seed air separator suitable for screening light and small seeds, so as to solve the technical problems that existing air separators cannot screen light and small seeds, and that existing light and small seed screening machines are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and have low screening efficiency, which cannot meet the needs of modern seedling operations.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A seed air separator includes an air duct, an inlet at the top of the air duct, an air box and an outlet at both ends of the air duct, a corresponding power unit connected to the outside of the air box, an air volume regulating plate inside the air duct, and the air duct, air box and power unit are all mounted on a support frame.

[0006] Furthermore, the air duct is a hollow box with an air inlet and a debris outlet at its left and right ends, respectively. A corresponding debris collection bag is installed at the debris outlet. The air box is installed at the air inlet of the air duct. The feed inlet is located on the top surface of the box near the air box. The air volume regulating plate is located in the inner cavity of the box between the feed inlet and the air box. A discharge outlet is located at the bottom of the box on the opposite side of the bottom surface of the box, opposite to the air box. A corresponding discharge plate is installed at the discharge outlet, and a corresponding material collection device is located below the discharge plate.

[0007] Furthermore, a funnel-shaped feeding hopper is provided above the feeding inlet, and an openable top cover is provided at the top of the feeding hopper. The bottom of the feeding hopper is installed at the feeding inlet on the top surface of the box. The inner cavity of the feeding hopper is connected to the inner cavity of the box through the feeding inlet, and a corresponding baffle is provided at the bottom of the feeding hopper.

[0008] Furthermore, the air volume regulating plate includes a plate body corresponding to the inner cavity of the box, and multiple ballistic air holes are evenly distributed in a matrix on the plate body.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the box is provided with multiple discharge ports corresponding to different levels of seeds, and the multiple discharge ports are arranged sequentially along the air duct axis on the bottom surface of the box.

[0010] Furthermore, the bellows includes a housing with a horizontal rotating shaft inside. The axis of the rotating shaft intersects the axis of the bellows perpendicularly. Multiple fan blades are evenly distributed on the side wall of the rotating shaft in a circumferential direction. A driven wheel is provided on the rear side of the housing. The rear end of the rotating shaft passes through the rear side wall of the housing and is installed correspondingly to the driven wheel. The rotating shaft is connected to the power device through the driven wheel. The housing is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet is located on the front side wall perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft, and the air outlet is located on the side end parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft. The bellows is installed correspondingly to the air duct through the air outlet.

[0011] Furthermore, the power unit includes a power motor mounted on a support frame, with a drive wheel at the shaft end of the power motor. The drive wheel is connected to the driven wheel of the air box via a corresponding belt, and a corresponding gearbox is provided between the drive wheel and the power motor.

[0012] This utility model of seed air separator uses a combination of rotating fan blades and side air intake to deliver air through the duct. This avoids the possibility of seeds colliding with internal components of the air box due to negative pressure, which could cause damage to the seeds themselves and the air box parts. This reduces mechanical wear and tear and improves the integrity of the seeds, thereby increasing both the screening efficiency and the quality of the seeds. The use of an air volume adjustment plate effectively improves the uniformity, stability, and durability of the airflow blown from the air box into the duct. Using this utility model for seed selection is more time-saving and labor-saving, with higher selection efficiency, and it is more suitable for the needs of modern seedling cultivation operations. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a rear view of the structural schematic diagram of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of the internal structure of the bellows in this utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the air volume regulating plate in this utility model;

[0017] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Air duct; 11. Air volume regulating plate; 12. Box body; 13. Feed inlet; 14. Waste outlet; 15. Discharge outlet; 16. Discharge plate; 17. Material collection device; 2. Air box; 21. Shell; 22. Rotating shaft; 23. Driven wheel; 24. Fan blade; 25. Air inlet; 3. Power unit; 31. Power motor; 32. Drive wheel; 33. Belt; 4. Support frame; 5. Feed bin; 51. Baffle plate. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this utility model, a seed air separator of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the seed air separator of this utility model includes an air duct 1, with an inlet 13 at the top of the air duct 1. Air boxes 2 and outlet 15 are respectively located at both ends of the air duct 1. A corresponding power unit 3 is connected to the outside of the air box 2. Under the action of the power unit 3, the air box 2 blows air into the air duct 1. The seed raw materials to be screened enter the air duct 1 through the inlet 13 and are screened under the action of the air force of the air box 2. The screened seeds flow out from the outlet 15. An air volume regulating plate 11 is provided inside the air duct 1. The air volume regulating plate 11 can adjust the magnitude and direction of the air force blown into the air duct 1 by the air box 2, thereby making the air separator suitable for screening various seeds. The air duct 1, air box 2, and power unit 3 are all mounted on a support frame 4, which provides fixed support for the three components.

[0020] Furthermore, the air duct 1 is a hollow box 12, which is placed horizontally. The corresponding left and right sides of the box 12 are without sidewalls, and both ends of the box 12 are open. The right opening is the air inlet, and the air box 2 is installed at the air inlet on the right side of the air duct 1. The left opening is the waste outlet 14, and a corresponding waste collection bag is installed on the outside of the waste outlet 14. The feed inlet 13 is located on the top surface of the box 12 near the air box 2. In this embodiment, a corresponding feed bin 5 is provided above the feed inlet 13. The feed bin 5 is funnel-shaped with an upward opening, and its top is equipped with an openable top cover. Its bottom is installed at the feed inlet 13 on the top surface of the box 12. The inner cavity of the feed bin 5 is connected to the inner cavity of the box 12 through the feed inlet 13. A corresponding feed bin is provided at the bottom of the feed bin 5. The baffle plate 51 controls the flow rate of the seeds. During operation, the raw seeds in the feed hopper 5 flow into the air duct 1 through the feed inlet 13 under the control of the baffle plate 51. The air volume regulating plate 11 is located in the inner cavity of the box 12 between the feed inlet 13 and the air box 2. It is detachably fixed to the box 12. The staff can select different air volume regulating plates 11 according to the different seeds to be screened. The bottom of the box 12 is provided with a discharge port 15, which is located on the left side of the bottom surface of the box 12 opposite to the air box 2. A corresponding discharge plate 16 is installed at the discharge port 15. A corresponding collection device 17 is provided below the discharge plate 16. The discharge plate 16 provides a guiding function for the fruits flowing out of the air duct 1 through the discharge port 15, so that they flow to the corresponding collection device 17.

[0021] Furthermore, the air volume regulating plate 11 includes a plate corresponding to the inner cavity of the box 12. Multiple air holes are evenly distributed in a matrix on the plate. The air holes are designed as ballistic holes, so that the air volume regulating plate 11 can effectively change the direction of the airflow from the wind box 2 to the air duct 1 and the intensity of the uniform airflow, thereby better ensuring the uniformity and persistence of the wind speed blown into the air duct 1 by the wind box 2, making the air separator more stable when screening seeds.

[0022] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the box 12 is provided with multiple discharge ports 15, which are arranged sequentially from left to right along the axis of the air duct 1 on the bottom surface of the box 12. In this embodiment, two discharge ports 15 are provided, namely the primary outlet and the secondary outlet. The one on the right side closer to the air box 2 is the primary outlet, and the one on the left side farther from the air box 2 is the secondary outlet. During operation, under the same wind force, due to the different quality of the seeds, they can move different distances in the horizontal direction. The seeds with relatively higher quality flow out from the primary outlet, and the seeds with lower quality flow out from the secondary outlet. Thus, the two discharge ports 15 correspond to the discharge of seeds of different quality, thereby realizing the screening of seeds of different levels.

[0023] Furthermore, the bellows 2 includes a housing 21, within which a rotating shaft 22 with fan blades 24 is disposed. The rotating shaft 22 is horizontally disposed within the housing 21, located at the center of the housing 21, and its axis intersects perpendicularly with the axis of the bellows 2. Multiple fan blades 24 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the side wall of the rotating shaft 22. In this embodiment, the rotating shaft 22 is installed in the middle of the rear side wall of the housing 21, and the rear end of the rotating shaft 22 extends through the rear side wall of the housing 21 towards the rear side of the housing 21. A driven wheel 23 is provided on the rear side of the housing 21 and mounted on the rotating shaft 22. The rotating shaft 22 is correspondingly connected to the power device 3 through the driven wheel 23. The air inlet 25 and outlet are provided. In this embodiment, the air inlet 25 is located on the front side wall of the housing 21, and the outlet is located on the left side of the middle part of the housing 21. The axes of the air inlet 25, the outlet and the rotating shaft 22 are on the same horizontal plane. The air box 2 is installed corresponding to the air inlet of the housing 12 through the outlet, which makes it easier for the air box 2 to send air to the air duct 1. At the same time, the air intake direction of the housing 21 is on the side opposite to the air outlet direction of the air duct 1. During operation, the air box 2 sends air to the side of the air duct 1, and the seeds will not be damaged by negative pressure on the motor and the rotating shaft 22. Thus, the mechanical loss of the air separator is reduced and the integrity rate of the seeds is improved.

[0024] Furthermore, the power unit 3 includes a power motor 31 mounted on the support frame 4. The shaft end of the power motor 31 is provided with a drive wheel 32 corresponding to the driven wheel 23 of the wind box 2. There are various transmission methods that can be used between the drive wheel 32 and the driven wheel 23, such as gear transmission, chain transmission and belt transmission 33. In this embodiment, belt transmission 33 is used between the two. A corresponding transmission belt 33 is provided between the drive wheel 32 and the driven wheel 23. The power motor 31 is connected to an external power source. Under the action of the external power source, it provides rotational power to the rotating shaft 22 inside the wind box 2 through the belt 33. A corresponding gearbox is provided between the drive wheel 32 and the power motor 31 to improve the stability of the power motor 31 during operation.

[0025] In use, firstly, the staff selects and installs the corresponding airflow regulating plate 11 according to the needs of screening seeds; then, the seed raw materials to be screened are added to the feed hopper 5; next, the power motor 31 is started, and the rotating shaft 22 drives the fan blade 24 to rotate under the action of the power motor 31, and the fan blade 24 drives the airflow to form wind force and blow it towards the air duct 1; further, the baffle plate 51 at the bottom of the feed hopper 5 is opened, and the flow rate of the seed raw materials is adjusted to an appropriate size. At this time, the seed raw materials fall into the air duct 1 through the feed port 13, and the air blown into the air duct 1 by the air box 2 is regulated by the airflow regulating plate 11 and blown down on the falling seed raw materials. The process involves screening the seed raw materials. Heavier seed raw materials are less affected by wind and have a shorter lateral movement distance, falling into the primary outlet near the wind box 2, becoming primary seed. Lighter seed raw materials are more affected by wind and have a longer lateral movement distance, falling into the secondary outlet of the far wind box 2, becoming secondary seed. Impurities and shriveled seeds in the seed are most affected by wind and are blown out from the impurity outlet 14, becoming impurities. The screened seed and impurities are collected into the corresponding collection devices 17 and collection bags, respectively, for subsequent use and processing. Finally, after screening is completed, the power motor 31 is turned off, and one seed screening is completed.

[0026] This seed air separator uses a combination of rotating fan blades 24 and side air intake to deliver air to the air duct 1. This results in a gentler airflow and avoids potential damage to the motor, fan blades 24, and rotating shaft 22 caused by negative pressure. This improves seed screening efficiency while reducing mechanical wear and tear and minimizing the impact of the machine on seed integrity, thus ensuring the integrity of the screened seeds and improving seed quality. The use of an airflow adjustment plate effectively changes the direction of airflow from the bellows 2 to the air duct 1, making it more uniform and improving the stability and durability of the airflow. Using this invention increases the accuracy of first-grade seed grading to 85%. This seed air separator is most effective for seeds with a weight ≤10g / 1000 seeds and a diameter ≤5mm, achieving a 99% success rate in air selection.

[0027] It is understood that this utility model has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Furthermore, under the teachings of this utility model, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A seed air separator, characterized in that, It includes a duct (1), an inlet (13) is provided above the duct (1), a wind box (2) and an outlet (15) are provided at both ends of the duct (1), a corresponding power device (3) is connected to the outside of the wind box (2), and an air volume regulating plate (11) is provided inside the duct (1). The duct (1), the wind box (2) and the power device (3) are all installed on the support frame (4). The air duct (1) is a hollow box (12). Air inlets and waste outlets (14) are located at the left and right ends of the box (12), respectively. A corresponding waste collection bag is installed at the waste outlet (14). A blower (2) is installed at the air inlet of the air duct (1). A feed inlet (13) is located on the top surface of the box (12) near the blower (2). An airflow regulating plate (11) is located inside the box (12) between the feed inlet (13) and the blower (2). Below the box is a discharge port (15), which is located on the opposite side of the bottom surface of the box (12) opposite to the wind box (2). A corresponding discharge plate (16) is installed at the discharge port (15), and a corresponding material collection device (17) is provided below the discharge plate (16). The bottom surface of the box (12) is provided with multiple discharge ports (15) corresponding to different levels of seeds. The multiple discharge ports (15) are arranged sequentially along the axis of the air duct (1) on the bottom surface of the box (12).

2. The seed air separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, A funnel-shaped feeding hopper (5) is provided above the feeding port (13). The top of the feeding hopper (5) is provided with an openable top cover. The bottom of the feeding hopper (5) is installed at the feeding port (13) on the top surface of the box (12). The inner cavity of the feeding hopper (5) is connected to the inner cavity of the box (12) through the feeding port (13). A corresponding baffle plate (51) is provided at the bottom of the feeding hopper (5).

3. The seed air separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air volume regulating plate (11) includes a plate body corresponding to the inner cavity of the box body (12), and multiple ballistic air holes are evenly distributed in a matrix on the plate body.

4. The seed air separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bellows (2) includes a housing (21), inside which is a horizontal rotating shaft (22). The axis of the rotating shaft (22) intersects perpendicularly with the axis of the bellows (2). Multiple fan blades (24) are evenly distributed around the side wall of the rotating shaft (22). A driven wheel (23) is provided on the rear side of the housing (21). The rear end of the rotating shaft (22) passes through the rear side wall of the housing (21) and is installed correspondingly to the driven wheel (23). The rotating shaft (22) is connected to the power device (3) through the driven wheel (23). The housing (21) is provided with an air inlet (25) and an air outlet. The air inlet (25) is located on the front side wall perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft (22), and the air outlet is located on the side end parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft (22). The bellows (2) is installed correspondingly to the air duct (1) through the air outlet.

5. The seed air separator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The power unit (3) includes a power motor (31) mounted on a support frame (4). The shaft end of the power motor (31) is provided with a drive wheel (32). The drive wheel (32) is connected to the driven wheel (23) of the air box (2) via a corresponding belt (33). A corresponding gearbox is provided between the drive wheel (32) and the power motor (31).

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