Machine tool spindle moving assembly and machine tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a machine tool main shaft moving assembly and machine tool belong to machine tool equipment technical field, and the first sliding surface of first guide rail top gradually inclines downward from front to back, and the second sliding surface of second guide rail front side gradually inclines downward from top to bottom, and the main shaft seat sliding connection is in the inclined first sliding surface and second sliding surface, and the gravity of main shaft seat is dispersed to first sliding surface and second sliding surface, and then reduces the deformation amount of first guide rail, and the support force of first sliding surface to main shaft seat is decomposed as the first vertical support component force going up and the first horizontal support component force going back, and the support force of second sliding surface to main shaft seat is decomposed as the second vertical support component force going up and the second horizontal support component force going back, and the first vertical support component force and second vertical support component force support main shaft seat, and first horizontal support component force and second horizontal support component force help to reduce the vibration of main shaft seat along the front and back direction, and then reduce the influence of vibration to machining accuracy, improve machining accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machine tool equipment technology, and in particular to a machine tool spindle moving assembly and a machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] The spindle of a machine tool is the device used to drive the rotation of the workpiece or tool, and the spindle's movement accuracy directly affects the machining accuracy of the workpiece. Currently, some machine tools are equipped with a moving assembly that drives the spindle to move horizontally. The spindle needs to be connected to a drive assembly that drives the rotation of the workpiece or tool, resulting in a large spindle weight. Moreover, most of the spindle structure is suspended in front of the moving assembly. Furthermore, the vibration generated by the spindle during the rotation of the workpiece or tool causes significant spindle axial movement, affecting machining accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a machine tool spindle moving assembly and a machine tool.

[0004] According to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention, a machine tool spindle moving assembly includes:

[0005] The base has a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove that are spaced apart vertically on the front side, and the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove are staggered in the front-back direction;

[0006] A first guide rail is provided in the first mounting groove. The top of the first guide rail is provided with a first sliding surface arranged in the left-right direction. The first sliding surface gradually slopes downward from front to back.

[0007] The second guide rail is provided in the second mounting groove. The front side of the second guide rail is provided with a second sliding surface arranged in the left-right direction. The second sliding surface gradually tilts forward from top to bottom.

[0008] The spindle seat is slidably connected to the first sliding surface and the second sliding surface from left to right;

[0009] A translation mechanism is provided on the base, the translation mechanism is connected to the rear side of the spindle seat, and the translation mechanism drives the spindle seat to move in the left and right direction.

[0010] The machine tool spindle moving assembly according to the embodiment of this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: the first sliding surface at the top of the first guide rail gradually slopes downward from front to back, and the second sliding surface at the front of the second guide rail gradually slopes downward from top to bottom. The spindle seat is slidably connected to the inclined first sliding surface and the second sliding surface. The weight of the spindle seat is distributed to the first sliding surface and the second sliding surface, thereby reducing the deformation of the first guide rail. The supporting force of the first sliding surface on the spindle seat is decomposed into an upward first vertical supporting component and a backward first lateral supporting component. The supporting force of the second sliding surface on the spindle seat is decomposed into an upward second vertical supporting component and a backward second lateral supporting component. The first vertical supporting component and the second vertical supporting component support the spindle seat, while the first lateral supporting component and the second lateral supporting component help to reduce the vibration of the spindle seat in the front-back direction, thereby reducing the impact of vibration on machining accuracy and improving machining accuracy.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second sliding surface is perpendicular to the first sliding surface.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the machine tool spindle moving assembly further includes:

[0013] Machine head;

[0014] A lifting mechanism is provided on the main shaft seat, the lifting mechanism is connected to the machine head, and the trajectory of the machine head driven by the lifting mechanism is perpendicular to the first sliding surface.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the lifting mechanism includes:

[0016] The third guide rail is located on the front side of the main spindle seat. The third guide rail has a third sliding surface arranged in the vertical direction. The third sliding surface is parallel to the second sliding surface. The machine head is slidably connected to the third sliding surface in the vertical direction.

[0017] A driver is provided on the spindle seat, the driver is connected to the machine head, and the driver drives the machine head to move up and down along the third sliding surface.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the angle between the second sliding surface and the horizontal plane is between 82° and 88°.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a gap is left between the spindle seat and the front side of the first guide rail, and a gap is left between the spindle seat and the top of the second guide rail.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the base is provided with a clearance groove, which is located between the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the width of the base in the front-to-back direction gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the translation mechanism is located on the top of the base.

[0023] The machine tool according to a second aspect of the present invention includes the machine tool spindle moving assembly as described in the above embodiments.

[0024] The machine tool according to the embodiment of this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: the first sliding surface at the top of the first guide rail gradually slopes downward from front to back, and the second sliding surface on the front side of the second guide rail gradually slopes downward from top to bottom. The spindle seat is slidably connected to the inclined first sliding surface and the second sliding surface. The weight of the spindle seat is distributed to the first sliding surface and the second sliding surface, thereby reducing the deformation of the first guide rail. The supporting force of the first sliding surface on the spindle seat is decomposed into an upward first vertical supporting component and a backward first lateral supporting component. The supporting force of the second sliding surface on the spindle seat is decomposed into an upward second vertical supporting component and a backward second lateral supporting component. The first vertical supporting component and the second vertical supporting component support the spindle seat, while the first lateral supporting component and the second lateral supporting component help to reduce the vibration of the spindle seat in the front-back direction, thereby reducing the impact of vibration on machining accuracy and improving machining accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a machine tool spindle moving assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a side view schematic diagram of a machine tool spindle moving assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of B in the diagram.

[0029] Reference numerals: base 100, first mounting groove 110, second mounting groove 120, clearance groove 130, first guide rail 200, first sliding surface 210, second guide rail 300, second sliding surface 310, spindle seat 400, first limiting member 410, second limiting member 420, third limiting member 430, translation mechanism 500, machine head 600, lifting mechanism 700, third guide rail 710, third sliding surface 711, driver 720. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms front, back, up, down, axial, circumferential, etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0032] In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means two or more; "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number; "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the quantity or sequence of the indicated technical features.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that terms such as "setting," "installing," and "connecting" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0034] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments.

[0035] Reference Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this utility model provides a machine tool spindle moving assembly.

[0036] The machine tool spindle moving assembly includes a base 100, a first guide rail 200, a second guide rail 300, a spindle seat 400, a translation mechanism 500, a machine head 600, and a lifting mechanism 700.

[0037] The base 100 is hollow inside and has multiple weight-reducing holes that extend from front to back, thus reducing the weight of the base 100. The front side of the base 100 has a first mounting groove 110, a clearance groove 130, and a second mounting groove 120. These grooves are spaced apart from top to bottom. The first mounting groove 110 extends through the base 100 in a left-right direction, and its top extends through the top of the base 100. The clearance groove 130 extends through the base 100 in a left-right direction, and the second mounting groove 120 extends through the base 100 in a left-right direction. The top of the second mounting groove 120 extends through and connects to the clearance groove 130.

[0038] The width of the base 100 gradually increases from top to bottom in the front-to-back direction, making the center of gravity of the base 100 closer to the bottom and making the base 100 more stable.

[0039] The rear wall of the first mounting groove 110 gradually slopes forward from top to bottom, and the bottom wall of the first mounting groove 110 is perpendicular to the rear wall. The rear wall of the second mounting groove 120 gradually slopes forward from top to bottom, and the bottom wall of the second mounting groove 120 is perpendicular to the rear wall.

[0040] The first guide rail 200 is a steel linear guide rail. The first guide rail 200 is arranged in the left-right direction and is set in the first mounting groove 110. The top surface of the first guide rail 200 is parallel to the bottom wall of the first mounting groove 110. The top surface of the first guide rail 200 is provided with a first sliding surface 210. The first sliding surface 210 gradually slopes downward from front to back. The top of the first guide rail 200 extends above the base 100, that is, the first sliding surface 210 is located above the base 100.

[0041] The angle between the first sliding surface 210 and the horizontal plane is between 2° and 8°. In this embodiment, the angle between the first sliding surface 210 and the horizontal plane is 5°.

[0042] The second guide rail 300 is a steel linear guide rail. The second guide rail 300 is arranged in the left-right direction and is located in the second mounting groove 120. The front side of the second guide rail 300 is parallel to the rear wall of the second mounting groove 120. The front side of the second guide rail 300 is provided with a second sliding surface 310. The second sliding surface 310 gradually slopes forward from top to bottom. The top of the second guide rail 300 extends into the clearance groove 130.

[0043] The angle between the second sliding surface 310 and the horizontal plane is between 82° and 88°. In this embodiment, the angle between the second sliding surface 310 and the horizontal plane is 85°.

[0044] The rear side of the spindle seat 400 is provided with a first step and a second step. The first step is located above the second step, and the distance that the first step extends backward is greater than the distance that the second step extends backward. The bottom of the first step is provided with a first linear bearing, which is a linear roller bearing. The front side wall of the second step is provided with a second linear bearing, which is also a linear roller bearing. The bottom of the first linear bearing is slidably connected to a first sliding surface 210, and the rear side wall of the second linear bearing is slidably connected to a second sliding surface 310.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first sliding surface 210 is perpendicular to the second sliding surface 310, ensuring that the weight of the spindle seat 400 is distributed to the mutually perpendicular first sliding surface 210 and second sliding surface 310. The first sliding surface 210 and the second sliding surface 310 are slidably connected to the spindle seat 400, avoiding friction between the spindle seat 400 and the base 100, and ensuring that the spindle seat 400 slides smoothly.

[0046] A gap is left between the front side wall of the first guide rail 200 and the front side wall of the first step, and a gap is left between the top wall of the second guide rail 300 and the top wall of the second step.

[0047] The spindle seat 400 is also provided with a first limiting member 410, a second limiting member 420 and a third limiting member 430.

[0048] The first limiting member 410 is connected to the rear side of the first step of the spindle seat 400. The first limiting member 410 extends downward to the rear side of the first guide rail 200. The first limiting member 410 restricts the degree of freedom of the spindle seat 400 to move forward relative to the first guide rail 200.

[0049] The second limiting member 420 is connected to the rear side of the second step of the spindle seat 400. The second limiting member 420 is located in the clearance groove 130 and extends downward to the rear side of the second guide rail 300. The second limiting member 420 restricts the degree of freedom of the spindle seat 400 to move forward relative to the second guide rail 300.

[0050] The third limiting member 430 is connected to the bottom of the second step of the spindle seat 400. The third limiting member 430 extends rearward to the bottom of the second guide rail 300. The third limiting member 430 restricts the degree of freedom of the spindle seat 400 to move upward relative to the second guide rail 300.

[0051] The first limiting member 410, the second limiting member 420 and the third limiting member 430 restrict the forward and upward movement of the spindle seat 400, thereby reducing the vibration amplitude of the spindle seat 400 and helping to improve the machining accuracy of the machine head 600.

[0052] The translation mechanism 500 includes a motor, a gearbox, a lead screw, and a nut.

[0053] The motor and gearbox are mounted on the top of the base 100. The output shaft of the motor is connected to the input end of the gearbox. The lead screw is set in the left and right direction. One end of the lead screw is connected to the output end of the gearbox, and the other end of the lead screw is connected to the rotating bearing. The rotating bearing is mounted on the top of the base 100. The nut is fitted on the outside of the lead screw and is connected to the rear side of the spindle seat 400. The translation mechanism 500 drives the spindle seat 400 to move in the left and right direction.

[0054] The lifting mechanism 700 is located on the spindle seat 400, and the lifting mechanism 700 includes a third guide rail 710 and a driver 720.

[0055] The third guide rail 710 is disposed on the front side wall of the main spindle seat 400. A third sliding surface 711 is disposed on the front side of the third guide rail 710. The third sliding surface 711 is parallel to the second sliding surface 310. The third sliding surface 711 extends in the vertical direction and gradually tilts forward from top to bottom.

[0056] The driver 720 includes a power source and a lead screw transmission mechanism. The power source is located on the top of the spindle seat 400. The lead screw transmission mechanism connects the power source to the head 600. The rear side of the head 600 is slidably connected to the third sliding surface 711. The driver 720 drives the head 600 to slide up and down along the third sliding surface 711.

[0057] The third sliding surface 711 is perpendicular to the first sliding surface 210 and parallel to the second sliding surface 310. The impact force generated during the movement of the machine head 600 is also distributed to the first sliding surface 210 and the second sliding surface 310, preventing collisions between the non-contact surfaces of the spindle seat 400 and the base 100.

[0058] The spindle seat 400 is slidably connected to the inclined first sliding surface 210 and second sliding surface 310. The weight of the spindle seat 400 is distributed to the first sliding surface 210 and the second sliding surface 310, thereby reducing the deformation of the first guide rail 200. The supporting force of the first sliding surface 210 on the spindle seat 400 is decomposed into an upward first vertical supporting force and a backward first lateral supporting force. The supporting force of the second sliding surface 310 on the spindle seat 400 is decomposed into an upward second vertical supporting force and a backward second lateral supporting force. The first vertical supporting force and the second vertical supporting force support the spindle seat 400, while the first lateral supporting force and the second lateral supporting force help to reduce the vibration of the spindle seat 400 in the front-back direction, thereby reducing the impact of vibration on machining accuracy and improving machining accuracy.

[0059] This utility model also provides a machine tool, including the machine tool spindle moving assembly as described in the above embodiments.

[0060] Since the machine tool adopts all the technical solutions of the machine tool spindle moving assembly of the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0061] The embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A machine tool spindle moving assembly, characterized in that, include: The base has a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove that are spaced apart vertically on the front side, and the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove are staggered in the front-back direction; A first guide rail is provided in the first mounting groove. The top of the first guide rail is provided with a first sliding surface arranged in the left-right direction. The first sliding surface gradually slopes downward from front to back. The second guide rail is provided in the second mounting groove. The front side of the second guide rail is provided with a second sliding surface arranged in the left-right direction. The second sliding surface gradually tilts forward from top to bottom. The spindle seat is slidably connected to the first sliding surface and the second sliding surface from left to right; A translation mechanism is provided on the base, the translation mechanism is connected to the rear side of the spindle seat, and the translation mechanism drives the spindle seat to move in the left and right direction.

2. The machine tool spindle moving assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second sliding surface is perpendicular to the first sliding surface.

3. The machine tool spindle moving assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The machine tool spindle moving assembly also includes: Machine head; A lifting mechanism is provided on the main shaft seat, the lifting mechanism is connected to the machine head, and the trajectory of the machine head driven by the lifting mechanism is perpendicular to the first sliding surface.

4. The machine tool spindle moving assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism includes: The third guide rail is located on the front side of the main spindle seat. The third guide rail has a third sliding surface arranged in the vertical direction. The third sliding surface is parallel to the second sliding surface. The machine head is slidably connected to the third sliding surface in the vertical direction. A driver is provided on the spindle seat, the driver is connected to the machine head, and the driver drives the machine head to move up and down along the third sliding surface.

5. The machine tool spindle moving assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The angle between the second sliding surface and the horizontal plane is between 82° and 88°.

6. The machine tool spindle moving assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is a gap between the spindle seat and the front side of the first guide rail, and there is a gap between the spindle seat and the top of the second guide rail.

7. The machine tool spindle moving assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base is provided with a clearance groove, which is located between the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove.

8. The machine tool spindle moving assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the base gradually increases from top to bottom in the front-to-back direction.

9. The machine tool spindle moving assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The translation mechanism is located on the top of the base.

10. A machine tool, characterized in that, Includes the machine tool spindle moving assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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