A five-axis laser cutting machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of five-axis laser cutting machine tools, including machine table, product positioning rotating unit and five-axis laser cutting assembly;Product positioning rotating unit is located at the front of machine table, so that the angle of processing object is controllable around C-axis rotation;Five-axis laser cutting assembly includes movement axis support, three-coordinate moving mechanism, A-axis rotating mechanism, H-axis follow-up mechanism and laser head, movement axis support is located at the rear of machine table and as the fixed basis of three-coordinate moving mechanism, three-coordinate moving mechanism makes A-axis rotating mechanism in horizontal plane translation and vertical lifting, A-axis rotating mechanism drives H-axis follow-up mechanism along horizontal A-axis rotation, H-axis follow-up mechanism drives laser head along H-axis telescoping, laser head is equipped with the capacitance sensor of measuring and processing surface relative distance, H-axis follow-up mechanism adjusts the feed amount of laser head according to the relative distance.The machine tool can meet the needs of various processing angles, and ensure that cutting surface has the same processing accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser cutting technology, and in particular to a five-axis laser cutting machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional aluminum casting, die casting, and molding production faces challenges such as rapid product updates and iterations. Traditional stamping production requires the manufacture of corresponding stamping and injection molds for each product, resulting in high mold costs, long mold production cycles, unsafe working conditions for stamping workers, and harsh working environments in hot weather. These factors contribute to the manufacturing industry's high prototyping and R&D costs, and difficulty in recouping initial production costs. Laser cutting technology, as a high-quality, high-precision, and high-efficiency cutting method, offers advantages over traditional CNC machine tools. While the combination of a gantry and laser head increases the laser head's cutting stroke, three-dimensional laser cutting is necessary for three-dimensional workpieces. However, traditional laser cutting has limited applicability, cannot cut three-dimensional workpieces, and suffers energy loss after multiple optical path conversions.

[0003] Chinese patent CN221516570U discloses a novel, simple-clamping vertical 3D laser cutting machine. Its laser cutting head controls translation in three coordinate directions via X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis transmission modules, while a rotation device controls the rotation angle of the laser cutting head. The workpiece can rotate around a vertical axis on a fixed lower die, thus meeting the requirements of various processing angles. The drawback is that once the laser cutting head is positioned, it generally does not move. However, as the cutting depth varies, the laser focal point changes, leading to unstable beam quality and compromising the processing accuracy of the cut surface.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the equipment structure to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main purpose of this invention is to provide a five-axis laser cutting machine tool that can not only meet the processing requirements of various angles, but also adjust the feed of the laser head to ensure that the cutting surface has the same processing accuracy.

[0006] This utility model achieves the above objectives through the following technical solution: a five-axis laser cutting machine tool, comprising a machine base, a product positioning rotary unit, and a five-axis laser cutting assembly; The product positioning rotation unit is located at the front of the machine tool, enabling the workpiece to rotate around the C-axis in a controllable angle, wherein the C-axis is a vertical rotation axis; The five-axis laser cutting assembly includes a motion axis support, a three-coordinate moving mechanism, an A-axis rotation mechanism, an H-axis follower mechanism, and a laser head. The motion axis support is located at the rear of the machine tool and serves as the fixed base for the three-coordinate moving mechanism. The three-coordinate moving mechanism enables the A-axis rotation mechanism to translate horizontally and move vertically. The A-axis rotation mechanism drives the H-axis follower mechanism to rotate along the horizontal A-axis. The H-axis follower mechanism drives the laser head to extend and retract along the H-axis, which is perpendicular to the A-axis. The laser head is equipped with a capacitive sensor that measures the relative distance to the processing surface. The H-axis follower mechanism adjusts the feed rate of the laser head based on the relative distance.

[0007] Specifically, the product positioning and rotating unit includes a product support assembly and a product clamping assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, the product support assembly includes a fixing fixture located on the upper part of the machine base and a C-axis rotation mechanism that drives the fixing fixture to rotate about a vertical axis.

[0009] Furthermore, the product pressing assembly includes a support frame disposed at the front of the machine tool, a pressing drive component disposed at the upper part of the support frame, and a C-axis rotating pressing head driven to rise and fall by the pressing drive component, wherein the C-axis rotating pressing head is located directly above the fixed fixture.

[0010] Specifically, the three-axis moving mechanism consists of an X-axis translation module, a Y-axis translation module, and a Z-axis lifting module.

[0011] Specifically, the A-axis rotation mechanism includes a rotary motor and a reducer, and the reducer enables the rotary motor to drive the H-axis follower mechanism.

[0012] Specifically, it also includes a water-cooling assembly, which includes a water chiller and a water supply pipe, with the two ends of the water supply pipe connected to the water chiller and the outer shell of the laser head, respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the water chiller is independently installed outside the machine platform.

[0014] Furthermore, a water pipe bracket is provided on the upper part of the motion axis support, and the highest point of the water pipe is higher than the laser head and is supported on the water pipe bracket.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model's technical solution are: 1. The laser head in this machine tool can not only translate in the three coordinate directions, but also the A-axis rotation mechanism allows the laser head to rotate around the horizontal axis at a set angle, so that it can cut from the oblique direction. Combined with the C-axis rotation mechanism, the C-axis angle of the workpiece can be controlled to meet the needs of various processing angles. 2. The H-axis follower mechanism is used to control the feed of the laser head to ensure that the cut surfaces have the same processing accuracy; 3. The laser head avoids the method of optical path conversion, thus avoiding energy loss. The stable optical path, which does not require adjustment, can greatly improve cutting efficiency and save costs. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the five-axis laser cutting machine tool in the embodiment; Figure 2 A three-dimensional view of the product support component holding the workpiece during processing; Figure 3 A 3D view of the product clamping components; Figure 4 A 3D view of a five-axis laser cutting assembly; Figure 5 This is a 3D view of the A-axis mechanism, H-axis mechanism, and laser head.

[0017] The numbers in the diagram represent: 100-5-axis laser cutting machine tool; 1-Machine; 2-Product support assembly, 21-Fixing fixture, 22-C-axis rotation mechanism; 3-Product clamping assembly, 31-Support frame, 32-Pressing drive component, 33-C-axis rotating pressure head; 4-Five-axis laser cutting assembly, 41-Motion axis support, 411-Water pipe bracket, 42-X-axis translation module, 43-Y-axis translation module, 44-Z-axis lifting module, 45-A-axis rotation mechanism, 451-Rotary motor, 452-Reducer, 46-H-axis follower mechanism, 47-Laser head; 5-Water cooling components, 51-Water chiller, 52-Water supply pipe; 200 - Processing object. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0019] Example: like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a five-axis laser cutting machine tool 100, which includes a machine base 1, a product support assembly 2, a product clamping assembly 3, a five-axis laser cutting assembly 4, and a water cooling assembly 5.

[0020] like Figure 2 As shown, the product support assembly 2 includes a fixing fixture 21 located on the upper part of the machine base 1 and a C-axis rotation mechanism 22 that drives the fixing fixture 21 to rotate around a vertical axis.

[0021] In this embodiment, the workpiece 200 being processed is a rod-shaped workpiece, so the fixing fixture 21 used here is a chuck, whose stepped jaws are also suitable for pipes of various diameters. After the workpiece is clamped, the central axis of the workpiece and the central axis of the chuck are the same straight line and both are parallel to the Z-axis (vertical direction), which is the so-called C-axis (vertical rotation axis). Therefore, the C-axis rotation mechanism 22 can make the workpiece rotate around its own central axis.

[0022] like Figure 3 As shown, the product clamping assembly 3 includes a support frame 31 located at the front of the machine base 1, a pressing drive 32 located on the upper part of the support frame 31, and a C-axis rotating pressure head 33 driven to rise and fall by the pressing drive 32. The C-axis rotating pressure head 33 is located directly above the fixed fixture 21. After pressing the workpiece 200, the C-axis rotating pressure head 33 can rotate around the C-axis.

[0023] The product support assembly 2 and the product clamping assembly 3 constitute a product positioning and rotation unit located at the front of the machine base 1, allowing the workpiece 200 to rotate around the C-axis at a controllable angle. Because the swaying of the workpiece 200 must be minimized during processing, the product support assembly 2 is used to fix the workpiece 200 from below, and the product clamping assembly 3 is used to clamp the workpiece 200 from above, while allowing the workpiece 200 to rotate so that its rotation angle adapts to the processing direction of the laser head 47.

[0024] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the five-axis laser cutting assembly 4 includes a motion axis support 41, an X-axis translation module 42, a Y-axis translation module 43, a Z-axis lifting module 44, an A-axis rotation mechanism 45, an H-axis follower mechanism 46, and a laser head 47. The motion axis support 41 is located at the rear of the machine base 1. The X-axis translation module 42, the Y-axis translation module 43, and the Z-axis lifting module 44 form a three-coordinate moving mechanism with the motion axis support 41 as a fixed base, enabling the A-axis rotation mechanism 45 to translate horizontally (XY plane) and move vertically (Z-axis). The A-axis rotation mechanism 45 drives the H-axis follower mechanism 46 to rotate along the horizontal A-axis (in this embodiment, the A-axis is parallel to the X-axis). The H-axis follower mechanism 46 drives the laser head 47 to extend and retract along the H-axis, which is perpendicular to the A-axis. The A-axis rotation mechanism 45 includes a rotary motor 451 and a reducer 452, with the reducer 452 transmitting power from the rotary motor 451 to the H-axis follower mechanism 46. The laser head 47 is equipped with a capacitive sensor that measures the relative distance between itself and the processing surface. The H-axis follower mechanism 46 adjusts the feed amount of the laser head 47 according to the relative distance.

[0025] The laser head 47 can not only translate in the XYZ three-axis directions, but the A-axis rotation mechanism 45 also allows the laser head 47 to rotate around the horizontal axis by a set angle (within 360°), thus enabling oblique cutting. Combined with the C-axis rotation mechanism 22, it controls the C-axis angle of the workpiece 200, meeting various processing angle requirements. The H-axis follower mechanism 46 controls the feed of the laser head 47, ensuring the cut surface has the same processing accuracy. The laser head 47 avoids optical path conversion, preventing energy loss. The stable optical path, requiring no adjustment, greatly improves cutting efficiency and saves costs. The reducer 452 reduces the high speed of the rotary motor 451 to a lower speed, thereby more precisely controlling the rotation angle of the laser head 47.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the water-cooling assembly 5 includes a water chiller 51 and a water supply pipe 52. The two ends of the water supply pipe 52 are respectively connected to the housing of the water chiller 51 and the laser head 47. The water chiller 51 is independently installed outside the machine base 1. A water pipe bracket 411 is provided on the upper part of the motion axis support 41. The highest point of the water supply pipe 52 is higher than the laser head 47 and is supported on the water pipe bracket 411.

[0027] Because the laser head 47 releases a large amount of heat during cutting, a water-cooling assembly 5 is needed to cool it in real time to prevent overheating. Cooling water circulates through the water pipe 52, carrying away heat from the laser head 47. The water chiller 51 experiences operational vibrations. To prevent these vibrations from affecting the precision of the laser cutting, it cannot be connected to the machine base 1, thus preventing direct transmission of vibration to the product support assembly 2 or the five-axis laser cutting assembly 4. The motion axis bracket 41 serves two purposes: firstly, it prevents the weight of the water pipe 52 from falling on the laser head 47, accommodating the rotation of the laser head 47 during operation; secondly, it provides some isolation against the vibrations of the water chiller 51, preventing operational vibrations from being transmitted to the laser head 47 through the water pipe 52.

[0028] The working process of this machine tool is as follows: 1. With the C-axis rotary pressure head 33 raised, clamp the workpiece 200 onto the fixed fixture 21, and then use the downward drive 32 to control the C-axis rotary pressure head 33 to press down on the workpiece 200. 2. When the laser head 47 is started, the water chiller 51 supplies circulating cooling water to the outer shell of the laser head 47 through the water supply pipe 52; 3. The X-axis translation module 42, Y-axis translation module 43, Z-axis lifting module 44, and A-axis rotation mechanism 45 control the position and angle of the laser head 47 through linkage, and cooperate with the C-axis rotation mechanism 22 to rotate the workpiece 200 to complete the cutting. During the processing, the feed amount of the laser head 47 is controlled by the H-axis follower mechanism 46 to ensure that the cutting position is located at the laser focal point, thereby ensuring the cutting accuracy. 4. After the cutting is completed, the five-axis laser cutting assembly 4 retracts, the C-axis rotating pressure head 33 rises, and the processed object 200 is removed from the fixed fixture 21.

[0029] The above descriptions are merely some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept of this utility model, and all such modifications and improvements fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A five-axis laser cutting machine tool, characterized in that: Includes machine base, product positioning rotary unit and five-axis laser cutting assembly; The product positioning rotation unit is located at the front of the machine tool, enabling the workpiece to rotate around the C-axis in a controllable angle, wherein the C-axis is a vertical rotation axis; The five-axis laser cutting assembly includes a motion axis support, a three-coordinate moving mechanism, an A-axis rotation mechanism, an H-axis follower mechanism, and a laser head. The motion axis support is located at the rear of the machine tool and serves as the fixed base for the three-coordinate moving mechanism. The three-coordinate moving mechanism enables the A-axis rotation mechanism to translate horizontally and move vertically. The A-axis rotation mechanism drives the H-axis follower mechanism to rotate along the horizontal A-axis. The H-axis follower mechanism drives the laser head to extend and retract along the H-axis, which is perpendicular to the A-axis. The laser head is equipped with a capacitive sensor that measures the relative distance to the processing surface. The H-axis follower mechanism adjusts the feed rate of the laser head based on the relative distance.

2. The five-axis laser cutting machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The product positioning and rotating unit includes a product support assembly and a product clamping assembly.

3. The five-axis laser cutting machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The product support assembly includes a fixing fixture located on the upper part of the machine base and a C-axis rotation mechanism that drives the fixing fixture to rotate about a vertical axis.

4. The five-axis laser cutting machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The product pressing assembly includes a support frame disposed at the front of the machine, a pressing drive component disposed at the upper part of the support frame, and a C-axis rotating pressing head driven to rise and fall by the pressing drive component. The C-axis rotating pressing head is located directly above the fixed fixture.

5. The five-axis laser cutting machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-axis moving mechanism consists of an X-axis translation module, a Y-axis translation module, and a Z-axis lifting module.

6. The five-axis laser cutting machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The A-axis rotation mechanism includes a rotary motor and a reducer, and the reducer enables the rotary motor to drive the H-axis follower mechanism.

7. The five-axis laser cutting machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a water-cooling assembly, which includes a water chiller and a water supply pipe, with the two ends of the water supply pipe connected to the water chiller and the outer shell of the laser head, respectively.

8. The five-axis laser cutting machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The water chiller is independently installed outside the machine platform.

9. The five-axis laser cutting machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper part of the motion axis support is provided with a water pipe bracket, and the highest point of the water pipe is higher than the laser head and is supported on the water pipe bracket.

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