A laser drilling device applied to PCB manufacturing

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the PCB board processing technical field especially for a kind of laser drilling device applied to PCB board making, including the fixed chuck of being placed on work bench, high-precision three-dimensional adjusting mechanism for adjusting laser head assembly position is fixedly connected in the upper portion of work bench by support, and the edge positioning cylinder for positioning PCB board and the controller of controlling overall equipment are placed on work bench.The utility model, fixed chuck uses rigid base plus flexible lip, increase a layer of auxiliary flexible lip in the edge of chuck, enhance the sealing property of the fit of PCB surface, increase effective adsorption area, improve the stability of fixed, the built-in reinforcing rib grid formed by embedding flexible thin nylon net in soft chuck inside and flexible reinforcing rib cooperate with each other, reduce excessive deformation when adsorbing, also retain the soft fit ability of lip, ensure that fixed chuck can be stably adsorbed on the surface of PCB board, stably fix it, avoid generating movement, improve the accuracy of laser drilling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of PCB board processing technology, specifically a laser drilling device used in PCB board manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] A PCB (Printed Circuit Board) is an electronic component used to support and connect electronic components. PCBs achieve electrical connections between electronic components through wires and connectors, and provide necessary mechanical support to ensure that electronic components work reliably and communicate effectively. Such circuit boards are usually composed of a non-conductive substrate and a conductive layer covering it. The conductive layer is usually made of copper foil and the circuit pattern is formed by chemical etching or mechanical processing.

[0003] Laser drilling is crucial in PCB manufacturing. Currently, soft suction cups are used to fix PCBs during laser drilling. However, because the suction cups are made of soft material, they can deform under pressure, leading to seal failure. They can also deform under excessive stress, causing displacement of the PCB and resulting in deviations in the laser drilling position, making them inconvenient to use. Utility Model Content

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a laser drilling device for PCB board manufacturing. It solves the problems that the suction cup, being made of soft material, can deform under pressure, leading to sealing failure. Additionally, it can deform under excessive stress, causing displacement of the PCB board and resulting in deviations in the laser drilling position, making it inconvenient to use.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model specifically adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A laser drilling device for PCB board manufacturing includes a fixed suction cup mounted on a worktable. A high-precision three-dimensional adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of a laser head assembly is fixedly connected above the worktable via a bracket. An edge positioning cylinder for positioning the PCB board and a controller for controlling the overall device are mounted on the worktable. The fixed suction cup consists of a rigid base and a flexible lip. The fixed suction cup is fixedly connected to the worktable via a ball joint and is connected to a vacuum pipeline and a vacuum pump inside the worktable via an air pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the rigid base of the fixed suction cup has a built-in reinforcing rib grid formed by a thin nylon mesh embedded inside, and the side of the fixed suction cup that does not contact the PCB board is fixedly connected with uniformly distributed reinforcing ribs.

[0010] The ball joint on the fixed suction cup consists of a ball joint seat and a connecting seat. The ball head integrally set on the connecting seat is placed in the cavity of the ball joint seat, and the connecting seat is fixedly connected to the worktable.

[0011] Furthermore, the laser head assembly includes a laser generator and a laser head;

[0012] The high-precision three-dimensional adjustment mechanism includes a servo motor, a precision ball screw guide, and a linear encoder.

[0013] The servo motor is connected to the precision ball screw guide rail via a coupling. The laser head is fixed on the slider of the precision ball screw guide rail. The grating ruler is installed next to the guide rail to detect the position information of the laser head in real time and feed the information back to the controller to achieve high-precision positioning of the laser head.

[0014] The edge positioning cylinder is installed around the workbench, and its piston rod end is provided with a positioning block. A position sensor is installed on the positioning block to detect the edge position of the PCB board and transmit the information to the controller.

[0015] The controller is a PLC controller, which is electrically connected to the high-precision three-dimensional adjustment mechanism, the laser head assembly, and the side positioning cylinder.

[0016] The PLC controller is electrically connected to the servo motor, grating ruler, vacuum pump, side positioning cylinder, position sensor, water pump, flow regulating valve and temperature sensor to realize the automated control of the entire device.

[0017] The aforementioned device also includes a cooling system, comprising a water tank, a water pump, a flow regulating valve, cooling nozzles, and a temperature sensor.

[0018] The water tank is connected to the water pump via a water pipe, and the water pump is connected to the cooling nozzle via a flow regulating valve. The cooling nozzle is aligned with the drilling position of the laser head.

[0019] A temperature sensor is mounted on the workbench to detect the temperature of the drilling area on the PCB board and sends the temperature signal to the controller. The controller controls the opening of the flow regulating valve based on the material information of the PCB board and the temperature signal to achieve adaptive cooling.

[0020] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0021] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a laser drilling device for PCB board manufacturing, which has the following advantages:

[0022] This invention features a fixed suction cup with a rigid base and a flexible lip. An additional flexible lip is added to the edge of the suction cup to enhance the adhesion and sealing with the PCB surface. This is especially suitable for cases where the PCB is slightly uneven, increasing the effective adsorption area and improving the stability of the fixation. At the same time, the flexible thin nylon mesh embedded inside the soft suction cup forms an internal reinforcing grid, which works in conjunction with the flexible reinforcing ribs to reduce excessive deformation during adsorption while retaining the soft and conforming ability of the lip. This ensures that the fixed suction cup can be stably adsorbed onto the surface of the PCB board, fixing it securely and preventing movement. This also improves the accuracy of laser drilling and makes it convenient to use. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed suction cup in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixed suction cup in this utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the thin nylon mesh structure in this utility model.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. High-precision three-dimensional adjustment mechanism; 3. Laser head assembly; 4. Worktable; 5. Side positioning cylinder; 6. Controller; 7. Fixed suction cup; 701. Rigid base; 702. Flexible lip; 703. Reinforcing rib; 704. Air pipe; 705. Ball joint seat; 706. Connecting seat; 707. Thin nylon mesh. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] Example

[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown in the figure, one embodiment of the present invention proposes a laser drilling device for PCB board manufacturing, including a fixed suction cup 7 placed on a worktable 4, a high-precision three-dimensional adjustment mechanism 2 for adjusting the position of the laser head assembly 3 fixedly connected above the worktable 4 via a bracket 1, an edge positioning cylinder 5 for positioning the PCB board and a controller 7 for controlling the overall device are placed on the worktable 4, the fixed suction cup 7 is composed of a rigid base 701 and a flexible lip 702, the fixed suction cup 7 is fixedly connected to the worktable 4 via a ball joint and connected to the vacuum pipeline and vacuum pump inside the worktable 4 via an air pipe 704;

[0031] After the PCB board is placed on the workbench 4, the edge positioning cylinder 5 is used to push the PCB board to the designated position. Then, the PCB board is fixed with the fixing suction cup 7. After that, the high-precision three-dimensional adjustment mechanism 2 can be started to adjust the laser head assembly 3 to the designated drilling position and perform laser drilling on the PCB board.

[0032] Furthermore, the rigid base 701 of the fixed suction cup 7 has a built-in reinforcing rib grid formed by a thin nylon mesh 707 embedded inside, and the side of the fixed suction cup 7 that does not contact the PCB board, formed by the combination of the rigid base 701 and the flexible lip 702, is fixedly connected with uniformly distributed reinforcing ribs 703.

[0033] Among them, the rigid substrate 701 selects materials with Shore A50-70 hardness, such as silicone or polyurethane, which balances softness and fit with structural support. At the same time, silicone material has excellent temperature resistance and chemical resistance, making it more suitable for PCB scenarios and avoiding the failure of ordinary rubber due to aging or oil stains.

[0034] Adding an auxiliary flexible lip to the edge of the suction cup enhances the adhesion and sealing with the PCB surface, making it especially suitable for cases where the PCB is slightly uneven, increasing the effective adsorption area and improving the stability of the fixation.

[0035] The built-in reinforcing rib grid formed by embedding flexible thin nylon mesh 707 inside the soft suction cup and the flexible reinforcing ribs 703 work together to reduce excessive deformation during adsorption, while also retaining the soft and conforming ability of the lips.

[0036] The ball joint on the fixed suction cup 7 is composed of a ball joint seat 705 and a connecting seat 706. The ball head integrally set on the connecting seat 706 is placed in the cavity of the ball joint seat 705. The connecting seat 706 is fixedly connected to the worktable 4 to ensure that the suction cup is perpendicular to the PCB surface with an inclination angle ≤1°, to avoid deformation of the soft lip 702 under unilateral force, and to prevent the suction cup from falling off due to local overload.

[0037] When using the fixed suction cup 7, a force of 0.1-0.3 N / mm needs to be applied via a cylinder or spring. 2The preload ensures the edge is fully in contact with the PCB surface, but excessive preload can cause the suction cup to "turn out" and deform. The maximum compression of the suction cup can be controlled by a limit block, which is usually 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the suction cup height.

[0038] To withstand the high temperatures generated during laser drilling, a high-temperature resistant silicone suction cup with a temperature resistance of ≥150℃ can be selected. If used in a high-humidity environment, hot air drying is required before adsorption. The hot air temperature is 30-50℃ and the drying time is 5-10 seconds to avoid surface condensation from damaging the seal.

[0039] Due to limitations in its materials, the suction cup 7 is prone to cracking at the lip due to wear and aging. After 2,000 to 5,000 uses, check the integrity of the lip. Replace it promptly if cracks or decreased elasticity are found to avoid fixation failure due to aging.

[0040] Furthermore, the laser head assembly 3 includes a laser generator and a laser head, wherein the laser generator is a CO2 laser generator;

[0041] The high-precision three-dimensional adjustment mechanism 2 includes a servo motor, a precision ball screw guide rail and a grating ruler. The servo motor is a Panasonic MINASA6 series servo motor.

[0042] The servo motor is connected to the precision ball screw guide rail via a coupling. The laser head is fixed on the slider of the precision ball screw guide rail. The grating ruler is installed next to the guide rail to detect the position information of the laser head in real time and feed the information back to the controller 6 to achieve high-precision positioning of the laser head.

[0043] The edge positioning cylinder 5 is installed around the worktable 4. The piston rod end is provided with a positioning block. The positioning block is equipped with a position sensor to detect the edge position of the PCB board and transmit the information to the controller 6.

[0044] The controller 6 is a PLC controller, which adopts the Siemens S7-1200 series and is electrically connected to the high-precision three-dimensional adjustment mechanism 2, the laser head assembly 3, and the side positioning cylinder 5.

[0045] The PLC controller is electrically connected to the servo motor, grating ruler, vacuum pump, side positioning cylinder, position sensor, water pump, flow regulating valve and temperature sensor to realize the automated control of the entire device.

[0046] The aforementioned device also includes a cooling system, comprising a water tank, a water pump, a flow regulating valve, cooling nozzles, and a temperature sensor.

[0047] The water tank is connected to the water pump via a water pipe, and the water pump is connected to the cooling nozzle via a flow regulating valve. The cooling nozzle is aligned with the drilling position of the laser head.

[0048] A temperature sensor is installed on the workbench to detect the temperature of the drilling area of ​​the PCB board and send the temperature signal to the controller 6. The controller 6 controls the opening of the flow regulating valve according to the material information of the PCB board and the temperature signal to achieve adaptive cooling.

[0049] The vacuum degree of the fixed suction cup 7 is controlled between -50kPa and -70kPa, which takes into account both the adsorption force and the stability of the suction cup. A fast exhaust valve and a vacuum pressure holding valve are added to the vacuum pipeline: a vacuum is quickly established during adsorption to avoid the suction cup being subjected to force before it is completely sealed. During the movement, the pressure holding valve maintains the vacuum stability to prevent a sudden drop in adsorption force due to pipeline leakage.

[0050] Device installation: Fix bracket 1 on a base set on a horizontal ground. The laser head assembly 3 is installed on the high-precision three-dimensional adjustment mechanism 2 on bracket 1. The side positioning cylinder 5 is installed on the working platform 4 at the bottom of bracket 1. The water tank and water pump of the cooling system are installed inside the housing of the working table 4. The cooling nozzle is installed on the side of the laser head. The controller 6 is installed on one side of the working table 4.

[0051] Working process: The PCB board is placed on the worktable 4. After the position sensor detects the edge position of the PCB board, it transmits the information to the controller 6. The controller 6 controls the edge positioning cylinder 5 to move, and pushes the PCB board to the set position through the positioning block. Then, the vacuum pump is started and the fixed suction cup 7 firmly adsorbs the PCB board onto the worktable 4.

[0052] According to the preset drilling parameters, the controller 6 controls the servo motor to start, and the servo motor drives the precision ball screw guide to rotate, so that the laser head moves in three dimensions. The grating ruler detects the position of the laser head in real time and feeds the information back to the controller 6 to achieve precise positioning of the laser head.

[0053] The laser generator produces a laser, which is used to drill holes in the PCB board through the laser head. At the same time, the temperature sensor detects the temperature of the drilling area on the PCB board and sends the temperature signal to the controller 6. The controller 6 controls the opening of the flow regulating valve according to the material information of the PCB board and the temperature signal. The water pump sprays the cooling water in the water tank through the flow regulating valve and the cooling nozzle to the drilling area to achieve adaptive cooling.

[0054] After drilling is completed, controller 6 controls all components to reset, the vacuum pump stops working, the PCB board is removed, and one drilling process is completed.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A laser drilling device for PCB board manufacturing, comprising a fixed suction cup (7) mounted on a worktable (4), a high-precision three-dimensional adjustment mechanism (2) for adjusting the position of a laser head assembly (3) fixedly connected above the worktable (4) via a bracket (1), an edge positioning cylinder (5) for positioning the PCB board and a controller (6) for controlling the overall device are mounted on the worktable (4), characterized in that: The fixed suction cup (7) is composed of a rigid base (701) and a flexible lip (702). The fixed suction cup (7) is fixedly connected to the worktable (4) through a ball joint and connected to the vacuum pipeline and vacuum pump inside the worktable (4) through an air pipe (704).

2. The laser drilling device for PCB board manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rigid base (701) of the fixed suction cup (7) has a built-in reinforcing rib grid formed by a thin nylon mesh (707) embedded inside, and the fixed suction cup (7) formed by the combination of the rigid base (701) and the flexible lip (702) has a uniformly distributed reinforcing rib (703) fixedly connected to the side of the fixed suction cup (7) that does not contact the PCB board.

3. The laser drilling device for PCB board manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ball joint on the fixed suction cup (7) consists of a ball joint seat (705) and a connecting seat (706). The ball head integrally set on the connecting seat (706) is placed in the cavity of the ball joint seat (705), and the connecting seat (706) is fixedly connected to the worktable (4).

4. The laser drilling device for PCB board manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser head assembly (3) includes a laser generator and a laser head; The high-precision three-dimensional adjustment mechanism (2) includes a servo motor, a precision ball screw guide rail and a grating ruler; The servo motor is connected to the precision ball screw guide rail via a coupling, the laser head is fixed on the slider of the precision ball screw guide rail, and the grating ruler is installed next to the guide rail.

5. The laser drilling device for PCB board manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side positioning cylinder (5) is installed around the workbench (4), and a positioning block is provided at the end of its piston rod, on which a position sensor is installed.

6. The laser drilling device for PCB board manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller (6) is a PLC controller, which is electrically connected to the high-precision three-dimensional adjustment mechanism (2), the laser head assembly (3) and the side positioning cylinder (5).

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