Mechanical light shutter and laser processing machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to laser processing technical field especially, relate to a kind of mechanical light gate and laser processing machine.Mechanical light gate includes fixed plate, the middle part of fixed plate is equipped with the perforation for laser to pass through, fixed plate rotationally connected with rotating shaft, rotating shaft is connected with the cover plate for shielding perforation, cover plate or rotating shaft is connected with the elastic member for driving cover plate rotation and opening perforation between fixed plate, the outer end of rotating shaft is fixedly connected with line wheel, and line wheel is wound with pull wire.The utility model drives mechanical light gate action by setting mechanical light gate and pull rope, guarantees the security of construction when protective cover is opened, closed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser processing technology, and in particular to a mechanical optical shutter and a laser processing machine. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, when laser processing machines malfunction during processing, many operators directly open the machine's protective cover for inspection. This practice is extremely dangerous, especially opening the protective cover for the workspace. Since the laser emitter is still operating at this time, laser light can enter the workspace through the reflection system. Opening the workspace abruptly poses a risk of laser injury. Therefore, to prevent unauthorized opening of the protective cover, the industry has implemented a sensor switch. When the cover is opened, the sensor switch shuts off the laser emitter's power or shuts down the entire machine. However, while this design does protect operators, it offers no assistance for maintenance and prevents inspection while the machine is running. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a mechanical optical shutter that can cut off the laser path when the protective cover is opened, while the machine continues to operate normally; it can both protect operators and assist in maintenance.

[0004] Another objective of this utility model is to provide a laser processing machine having the aforementioned mechanical shutter, which facilitates maintenance during processing.

[0005] A mechanical light shutter includes a fixed plate with a perforation in the middle for a laser to pass through. The fixed plate is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to a cover plate for blocking the perforation. An elastic element for driving the cover plate to rotate and open the perforation is connected between the cover plate or the rotating shaft and the fixed plate. A spool is fixedly connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft, and a pull wire is wound on the spool.

[0006] Furthermore, a positioning structure is provided between the cover plate and the fixing plate. The cover plate has a positioning position. When the cover plate is rotated to the positioning position and cooperates with the positioning structure, the cover plate is limited and the cover plate opens through the hole, and the elastic element has elasticity.

[0007] Furthermore, the positioning structure includes: a mounting hole provided in the fixed plate, a spring and a positioning ball provided in the mounting hole, and a positioning recess provided in the cover plate at the positioning position; when the positioning recess of the cover plate corresponds to the positioning ball, a part of the positioning ball enters the positioning recess under the thrust of the spring.

[0008] Furthermore, the elastic element is a torsion spring, the fixing plate has a notch, the torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, the torsion spring is located in the notch, one end of the torsion spring is connected to the fixing plate, and the other end of the torsion spring is connected to the rotating shaft or the cover plate.

[0009] A mechanical light shutter includes a fixed plate with a perforation in the middle for a laser to pass through. The fixed plate is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to a cover plate for blocking the perforation. An elastic element for driving the cover plate to rotate and open the perforation is connected between the cover plate or the rotating shaft and the fixed plate. A spool is rotatably connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft, and a pull wire is wound on the spool. A transmission torsion spring is connected between the spool and the cover plate.

[0010] Furthermore, a positioning structure is provided between the cover plate and the fixed plate. The cover plate has two positioning positions, namely a first positioning position and a second positioning position. When the cover plate is rotated to the first positioning position and cooperates with the positioning structure, the cover plate is limited and the through hole is opened, and the elastic element is elastic. When the cover plate is rotated to the second positioning position and cooperates with the positioning structure, the cover plate is limited and the through hole is blocked, and the transmission torsion spring is elastic.

[0011] Furthermore, the positioning structure includes: a mounting hole provided in the fixed plate, a spring and a positioning ball provided in the mounting hole, and positioning recesses provided in the cover plate at the first positioning position and the second positioning position respectively; when the positioning recesses of the cover plate correspond to the positioning ball, a part of the positioning ball enters the positioning recess under the thrust of the spring.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastic element is a torsion spring, the fixing plate has a notch, the torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, the torsion spring is located in the notch, one end of the torsion spring is connected to the fixing plate, and the other end of the torsion spring is connected to the rotating shaft or the cover plate.

[0013] A laser processing machine includes a body, a processing space at the front end of the body, a protective cover rotatably connected to the body above the processing space, a receiving space at the rear of the processing space, a partition between the processing space and the receiving space, a laser emitter and a reflector assembly within the receiving space, a laser hole in the partition, the reflector assembly reflecting the laser emitted by the laser emitter and passing through the laser hole into the processing space, the partition being connected to the aforementioned mechanical shutter, and a wire hole in the partition, one end of a pull wire on a reel passing through the wire hole and connecting to the protective cover.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: By setting up a mechanical shutter and a pull rope, this utility model drives the mechanical shutter to operate when the protective cover is opened and closed, thus ensuring the safety of construction. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser processing equipment in this embodiment.

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Another perspective structural diagram.

[0017] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of one structure of the mechanical shutter in this embodiment.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another state of the mechanical shutter in this embodiment.

[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A second-view structural diagram.

[0020] Figure label: 1—Main body; 2—Protective shield; 3—Laser emitter; 4—Mechanical shutter; 5—Block; 6—Intermediate adjustment structure; 7—Reflector assembly; 41 – Fixed plate; 42 – Cover plate; 43 – Rotating shaft; 44 – Thread wheel; 45 – Perforation; 46 – Positioning ball; 47 – Elastic element; 48 – Transmission torsion spring; 49 – Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0022] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0023] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0025] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 3 As shown.

[0026] Example 1: See Figures 3 to 5 A mechanical light shutter includes a fixed plate 41 with a through hole 45 in the middle for laser to pass through. The fixed plate 41 is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 43, and the rotating shaft 43 is connected to a cover plate 42 for blocking the through hole 45. An elastic element 47 for driving the cover plate 42 to rotate and open the through hole 45 is connected between the cover plate 42 or the rotating shaft 43 and the fixed plate 41. A spool 44 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft 43, and a pull wire is wound on the spool 44.

[0027] In this embodiment, the mechanical shutter 4 is applied to the laser trunk line. The fixing plate 41 is used to connect to the body 1 of the laser processing machine. During operation, the pull wire on the reel 44 is connected to the protective cover 2. During the connection process, several directional adjustment wheels can be set on the body 1 to facilitate wire routing. When the protective cover 2 is opened during processing, the protective cover 2 will drive the reel 44 to rotate through the pull wire. The reel 44 drives the rotating shaft 43 and the cover plate 42 to rotate. The cover plate 42 rotates in the direction of covering the through hole 45 until it covers the through hole 45, and at the same time, the elastic element 47 deforms. The cover plate 42 can completely cover the through hole 45, or it can partially cover the through hole 45 but needs to block the laser beam path. In this embodiment, the through hole 45 is completely covered. When the protective cover 2 or the side closes again, the pull wire is released, and the elastic element 47 will drive the cover plate 42 to rotate, and at the same time drive the rotating shaft 43 and the reel 44 to rotate. When the cover plate 42 is completely removed from the perforation 45 or partially removed from the perforation 45 but removed from the laser beam path, the elastic element 47, the rotating shaft 43, the cover plate 42, and the thread wheel 44 are all reset.

[0028] See Figure 4 A positioning structure is provided between the cover plate 42 and the fixing plate 41. The cover plate 42 has a positioning position. When the cover plate 42 is rotated to the positioning position and cooperates with the positioning structure, the cover plate 42 is limited and the cover plate 42 opens the through hole 45, and the elastic member 47 is elastic.

[0029] By setting a positioning structure, the rotational position of the fixed plate 41 can be fixed, ensuring that the cover plate 42 can cover and detach from the perforation 45 during operation. When the positioning position cooperates with the positioning mechanism, the resistance torque applied by the positioning mechanism to the cover plate 42 is greater than the thrust torque applied by the elastic element 47 and the gravitational torque of the cover plate 42. This prevents the cover plate 42 from shifting and blocking the laser beam path due to vibration of the machine body 1.

[0030] See Figure 2 , Figure 4The positioning structure includes: a mounting hole provided in the fixing plate 41, a spring and a positioning ball 46 provided in the mounting hole, and a positioning recess provided in the cover plate 42 at the positioning position; when the positioning recess of the cover plate 42 corresponds to the positioning ball 46, a part of the positioning ball 46 enters the positioning recess under the pushing force of the spring.

[0031] In this embodiment, the positioning structure is designed as a spring and a positioning ball 46. A portion of the positioning ball 46 engages with the positioning recess, creating resistance against the cover plate 42, thereby achieving positioning of the cover plate 42. During positioning, the elastic element 47 retains some elasticity, ensuring that when the protective cover 2 is closed, the elastic element 47 can drive the cover to rotate to the desired position. Simultaneously, when the protective cover 2 is opened, the wheel 44 drives the rotating shaft 43 to rotate. The rotating shaft 43 drives the cover to rotate while overcoming the resistance applied to the cover by the positioning structure, pushing the positioning ball into the mounting hole. The end face of the positioning ball abuts against the cover plate 42. To prevent the positioning ball from dislodging from the mounting hole, the end face of the cover can remain in contact with the positioning ball.

[0032] Secondly, the positioning structure can also be simplified to include only a positioning ball 46, which is installed in the mounting hole and partially protrudes from the mounting hole; the positioning ball 46 abuts against the cover plate 42, and the cover plate 42 undergoes a slight deformation until the positioning ball 46 mates with the positioning recess.

[0033] See Figure 5 The elastic element 47 is a torsion spring. The fixing plate 41 has a notch. The torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft 43. The torsion spring is located in the notch. One end of the torsion spring is connected to the fixing plate 41, and the other end of the torsion spring is connected to the rotating shaft 43 or the cover plate 42.

[0034] Setting the elastic element 47 as a torsion spring, and providing a notch in the fixed plate 41, allows for easy placement of the torsion spring while minimizing its space requirement, thus facilitating the rotation of the fixed plate 41. Alternatively, the elastic element 47 could be a tension spring, gas spring, etc., but these would need to be mounted on the surface of the fixed plate 41 and would not be as concealed as the torsion spring, making them more susceptible to external interference.

[0035] Example 2: See Figures 3 to 5 A mechanical light shutter 4 includes a fixed plate 41 with a perforation 45 in the middle for laser to pass through. The fixed plate 41 is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 43, and the rotating shaft 43 is connected to a cover plate 42 for blocking the perforation 45. An elastic element 47 for driving the cover plate 42 to rotate and open the perforation 45 is connected between the cover plate 42 or the rotating shaft 43 and the fixed plate 41. A spool 44 is rotatably connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft 43. A pull wire is wound on the spool 44, and a transmission torsion spring 48 is connected between the spool 44 and the cover plate 42.

[0036] The difference between this technical solution and that of Embodiment 1 is that the spool 44 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 43. In specific implementation, the spool 44 can be connected to the rotating shaft 43 via a bearing, allowing the spool 44 to rotate freely relative to the rotating shaft 43. When the protective cover 2 is opened, the pull wire pulls the spool 44 to rotate, which in turn drives the transmission torsion spring 48 to rotate and causes the cover plate 42 to rotate. The elastic coefficient of the transmission torsion spring 48 is greater than that of the elastic element 47, ultimately causing the cover plate 42 to rotate to cover the perforation 45. To facilitate the installation of the transmission torsion spring 48, the spool 44 and the cover plate 42 are spaced apart, leaving a gap for installing the transmission torsion spring 48.

[0037] See Figure 5 , Figure 4 A positioning structure is provided between the cover plate 42 and the fixing plate 41. The cover plate 42 has two positioning positions, namely the first positioning position and the second positioning position. When the cover plate 42 is rotated to the first positioning position and cooperates with the positioning structure, the cover plate 42 is limited and the through hole 45 is opened, and the elastic element 47 is elastic. When the cover plate 42 is rotated to the second positioning position and cooperates with the positioning structure, the cover plate 42 is limited and the through hole 45 is blocked, and the transmission torsion spring 48 is elastic.

[0038] Since the cover plate 42 needs to cover and avoid the perforation 45, it has two states. In this embodiment, two positioning positions are set to cooperate with the positioning structure so that the two states correspond to the two positions of the cover plate 42. In the initial state, the pulley 44 does not receive the tension of the pull wire, and the transmission torsion spring 48 does not exert force on the cover plate 42. At this time, the first positioning position cooperates with the positioning structure, and the elastic element 47 has a little elasticity. When the elasticity is insufficient to overcome the maximum resistance applied to the cover plate 42 by the positioning structure.

[0039] When the protective cover 2 is opened, the pull cord drives the reel 44 to rotate. Simultaneously, the transmission torsion spring 48 twists, generating torque that rotates the cover plate 42. The elastic element 47 also begins to store force. Once the second positioning position engages with the positioning structure, the cover plate 42 is stopped. At this point, the transmission torsion spring 48 still possesses a small amount of torque, which is less than the sum of the maximum resistance applied to the cover plate 42 by the positioning structure and the elastic force stored in the elastic element 47. However, the elastic force stored in the elastic element 47 is greater than this maximum resistance. The influence of the cover plate 42's weight is ignored here, allowing the cover plate 42 to be made of a lightweight material.

[0040] The positioning structure allows the spool 44 to have a relatively large rotation range, making it more flexible in use.

[0041] See Figure 4 , Figure 3The positioning structure includes: a mounting hole provided in the fixing plate 41, a spring and a positioning ball 46 provided in the mounting hole, and positioning recesses provided in the cover plate 42 at the first positioning position and the second positioning position respectively; when the positioning recesses of the cover plate 42 correspond to the positioning ball 46, a part of the positioning ball 46 enters the positioning recess under the pushing force of the spring.

[0042] In this embodiment, the positioning structure is designed as a spring and a positioning ball 46. A portion of the positioning ball 46 engages with the positioning recess, creating resistance against the cover plate 42, thereby achieving positioning of the cover plate 42. During positioning, the elastic element 47 retains some elasticity, ensuring that when the protective cover 2 is closed, the elastic element 47 can drive the cover to rotate to the desired position. Simultaneously, when the protective cover 2 is open, the wheel 44 drives the rotating shaft 43 to rotate. The rotating shaft 43 drives the cover to rotate while overcoming the resistance applied to the cover by the positioning structure, pushing the positioning ball into the mounting hole. The end face of the positioning ball abuts against the cover plate 42. To prevent the positioning ball from dislodging from the mounting hole, the end face of the cover can remain abutting against the positioning ball, as shown in the figure.

[0043] Secondly, the positioning structure can also be simplified to include only a positioning ball 46, which is installed in the mounting hole and partially protrudes from the mounting hole; the positioning ball 46 abuts against the cover plate 42, and the cover plate 42 undergoes a slight deformation until the positioning ball 46 mates with the positioning recess.

[0044] See Figure 5 The elastic element 47 is a torsion spring. The fixing plate 41 has a notch. The torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft 43. The torsion spring is located in the notch. One end of the torsion spring is connected to the fixing plate 41, and the other end of the torsion spring is connected to the rotating shaft 43 or the cover plate 42.

[0045] Setting the elastic element 47 as a torsion spring, and providing a notch in the fixed plate 41, allows for easy placement of the torsion spring while minimizing its space requirement, thus facilitating the rotation of the fixed plate 41. Alternatively, the elastic element 47 could be a tension spring, gas spring, etc., but these would need to be mounted on the surface of the fixed plate 41 and would not be as concealed as the torsion spring, making them more susceptible to external interference.

[0046] Example 3: See Figure 1 , Figure 2 A laser processing machine includes a body 1, a processing space at the front end of the body 1, a protective cover 2 rotatably connected to the body 1 above the processing space, a receiving space at the rear of the processing space, a partition 5 between the processing space and the receiving space, a laser emitter 3 and a reflector assembly 7 within the receiving space, a laser hole in the partition 5, and the reflector assembly 7 reflecting the laser emitted by the laser emitter 3 through the laser hole into the processing space. The partition 5 is connected to the aforementioned mechanical shutter 4, and a wire hole in the partition 5 through which one end of a pull wire on a reel 44 passes and connects to the protective cover 2.

[0047] Both the laser emitter 3 and the reflector assembly 7 can be existing technologies. The perforation 45 of the mechanical shutter 4 corresponds to the laser aperture. Multiple direction adjustment wheels that cooperate with the pull wire can be set on the machine body 1 to change the direction of the pull wire and facilitate wire routing. When the protective cover 2 is opened, the pull wire drives the wire wheel 44 to rotate, which in turn drives the cover plate 42 to rotate, blocking the laser beam path and protecting the processing space.

[0048] Preferably, the machine body is provided with an intermediate adjustment structure 6 for adjusting the extension and retraction length of the pull cable.

[0049] When the protective cover 2 is opened, the length of the extended pull cord may not be sufficient to rotate the cover to the predetermined position. Therefore, an intermediate adjustment structure 6 is provided to adjust the extension and retraction length of the pull cord. The intermediate adjustment structure 6 can be a horizontally positioned lever, with its middle section rotatably connected to the machine body via a shaft. The pull cord is divided into two sections. One section has its two ends connected to the protective cover and one end of the lever, respectively. The other section has one end connected to the other end of the lever, and the other end of the other section is wound around the reel 44.

[0050] When the protective cover is opened, one section of the pull cable drives a lever to rotate, and the lever, in turn, drives the cover to rotate via the other section of the pull cable. The movement distances of the two pull cable sections are proportional, thus allowing adjustment of the pull cable's extension / retraction length. This intermediate adjustment structure 6 can also employ other technologies, such as two meshing gears, each coaxially connected to a branch pulley 44. The pull cable is divided into two sections; one section's two ends are connected to the protective cover and one of the branch pulleys 44, respectively, while the other section's two ends are connected to the other branch pulley 44 and the pulley 44, respectively. When connecting the pull cable to the cover, a bolt can be used as an intermediary. The bolt is fixed to the cover, and the pull cable is wound around the bolt.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. The content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A mechanical optical shutter, characterized in that: It includes a fixed plate with a perforation in the middle for the laser to pass through. The fixed plate is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to a cover plate for blocking the perforation. An elastic element for driving the cover plate to rotate and opening the perforation is connected between the cover plate or the rotating shaft and the fixed plate. A spool is fixedly connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft, and a pull wire is wound on the spool.

2. A mechanical optical shutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning structure is provided between the cover plate and the fixed plate. The cover plate has a positioning position. When the cover plate is rotated to the positioning position and cooperates with the positioning structure, the cover plate is limited and the cover plate opens through the hole, and the elastic element is elastic.

3. A mechanical optical shutter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning structure includes: a mounting hole provided in the fixed plate, a spring and a positioning ball provided in the mounting hole, and a positioning recess provided in the cover plate at the positioning position; when the positioning recess of the cover plate corresponds to the positioning ball, a part of the positioning ball enters the positioning recess under the pushing force of the spring.

4. A mechanical optical shutter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic element is a torsion spring. The fixed plate has a notch. The torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft and is located inside the notch. One end of the torsion spring is connected to the fixed plate, and the other end of the torsion spring is connected to the rotating shaft or the cover plate.

5. A mechanical optical shutter, characterized in that: It includes a fixed plate with a perforation in the middle for the laser to pass through. The fixed plate is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to a cover plate for blocking the perforation. An elastic element for driving the cover plate to rotate and open the perforation is connected between the cover plate or the rotating shaft and the fixed plate. A spool is rotatably connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft, and a pull wire is wound on the spool. A transmission torsion spring is connected between the spool and the cover plate.

6. A mechanical optical shutter according to claim 5, characterized in that: A positioning structure is provided between the cover plate and the fixed plate. The cover plate has two positioning positions, namely the first positioning position and the second positioning position. When the cover plate is rotated to the first positioning position and cooperates with the positioning structure, the cover plate is limited and the through hole is opened, and the elastic element is elastic. When the cover plate is rotated to the second positioning position and cooperates with the positioning structure, the cover plate is limited and the through hole is blocked, and the transmission torsion spring is elastic.

7. A mechanical optical shutter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning structure includes: a mounting hole provided in the fixed plate, a spring and a positioning ball provided in the mounting hole, and positioning recesses provided in the cover plate at the first positioning position and the second positioning position respectively; when the positioning recesses of the cover plate correspond to the positioning ball, a part of the positioning ball enters the positioning recess under the pushing force of the spring.

8. A mechanical optical shutter according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic element is a torsion spring. The fixed plate has a notch. The torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft and is located inside the notch. One end of the torsion spring is connected to the fixed plate, and the other end of the torsion spring is connected to the rotating shaft or the cover plate.

9. A laser processing machine, comprising a body, a processing space at the front end of the body, a protective cover rotatably connected to the body above the processing space, a receiving space at the rear of the processing space, a partition between the processing space and the receiving space, a laser emitter and a reflector assembly within the receiving space, a laser aperture in the partition, and the reflector assembly reflecting the laser emitted by the laser emitter through the laser aperture into the processing space, characterized in that: The partition is connected to a mechanical shutter as described in any one of claims 1 to 8. The partition is provided with a wire hole, and one end of the pull wire on the spool passes through the wire hole and is connected to the protective cover.

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