A motion shaft protective cover structure of a precision machine tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of movement shaft protective cover structures of precision machine tool, including outer cover and inner cover, outer cover is located in the upper of lead screw and guide rail installed on machine tool saddle, the rear end of outer cover is fixedly connected with moving slide plate, outer cover is synchronous sliding with moving slide plate on the sliding of saddle, inner cover is set to the front of machine tool saddle and saddle constitutes sliding pair, outer cover can be moved in the upper of inner cover, the rear end of inner cover is connected with elastic element in saddle, when outer cover and moving slide plate move forward to moving slide plate and rest in inner cover, push inner cover and move forward synchronously, and when outer cover and moving slide plate move backward, inner cover can move backward under the pulling of elastic element and outer cover. When metal chip or metal slag generated in workpiece processing falls, be blocked by inner cover and outer cover, will not fall on lead screw or guide rail, so that machine tool can continuously process workpiece, and ensure the machining accuracy of workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a protective cover structure for the motion axis of a precision machine tool, belonging to the field of mechanical processing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] The main spindle and sub-spindle of a precision machine tool are mounted on a saddle using a motion slide plate. The saddle is mounted on the machine tool bed. The motion slide plate is slidably mounted on the saddle using two parallel guide rails and a slider. A lead screw is installed between the two guide rails, and the lead screw is threaded into the lower part of the motion slide plate. The rotation of the lead screw drives the motion slide plate to slide on the saddle. Specifically, as disclosed in Chinese Utility Model Patent No. CN222696533U and Chinese Invention Patent Application No. CN119115435A, when the tool is machining the workpiece, the metal chips or slag produced during machining fall downwards and easily adhere to the lead screw or guide rails. This can easily jam the lead screw and the motion slide plate or jam the guide rails and slider, hindering the movement of the motion slide plate. When the movement of the motion slide plate is obstructed, the machining of the workpiece is difficult. Even if the metal chips or slag do not obstruct the movement of the motion slide plate, they may still lead to a reduction in the machining accuracy of the workpiece. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a protective cover structure for the motion axis of a precision machine tool, which solves the technical defect in the prior art where metal chips or slag generated during the machining of workpieces on precision machine tools fall onto the lead screw or guide rail, which can easily hinder the sliding of the motion slide plate on which the spindle is mounted.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a motion axis protective cover structure for a precision machine tool, including an outer cover and an inner cover. The outer cover is located above the lead screw and guide rail mounted on the machine tool saddle. The rear end of the outer cover is fixedly connected to the motion slide plate. The outer cover slides synchronously with the motion slide plate on the saddle. The inner cover is set at the front of the machine tool saddle and forms a sliding pair with the saddle, covering the lead screw and guide rail from above. The outer cover can move above the inner cover. The rear end of the inner cover is connected to the saddle with an elastic element. When the outer cover and the motion slide plate move forward until the motion slide plate abuts the inner cover, it pushes the inner cover to move forward synchronously. When the outer cover and the motion slide plate move backward, the inner cover can move backward under the pull of the elastic element and the outer cover. This invention, by setting an outer and inner protective cover, positions the guide rail and lead screw below the outer and inner protective covers. When metal chips or slag generated during workpiece processing fall, they are blocked by the inner and outer protective covers and will not fall onto the lead screw or guide rail. This avoids obstructing the movement of the sliding plate, allowing the machine tool to continuously process the workpiece and ensuring the processing accuracy of the workpiece.

[0005] As a further improvement of this utility model, the outer cover includes an outer cover body and two outer cover side plates. The two outer cover side plates are fixedly connected to the rear ends of the left and right sides of the outer cover body, respectively, and the rear ends of the two outer cover side plates are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the sports skateboard, respectively. This utility model facilitates the installation of the outer cover and the sports skateboard by setting outer cover side plates on the outer cover and installing the outer cover side plates with the sports skateboard.

[0006] As a further improvement of this utility model, a vertical connecting plate is provided at the rear end of the outer protective cover, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the front end of the sports skateboard. This utility model improves the installation strength of the outer protective cover and the sports skateboard by providing a connecting plate on the outer protective cover and installing it with the sports skateboard.

[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model, flaps are vertically downwards installed at both ends of the outer protective cover. The flaps on both sides of the outer protective cover effectively prevent metal slag from falling onto the machine tool bed, bouncing upwards, and adhering to the guide rails.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, the inner cover includes an inner cover body, with inner cover side plates on both the left and right sides of the inner cover body. Guide grooves are provided on both the left and right sides of the saddle along the moving direction of the sliding plate. The bottom ends of the inner cover side plates are bent towards each other to form flanges, which are located within the guide grooves and can slide within them. A baffle is vertically downwards at the front end of the inner cover body. The inner cover stops moving backward when the baffle abuts against the front end of the saddle. One of the two inner cover side plates is integrally formed with the inner cover body, while the other inner cover side plate is detachably installed with the inner cover body. This utility model, by providing inner cover side plates on both sides of the inner cover body, and having the flanges on the inner cover side plates cooperate with the guide grooves on both sides of the saddle, allows the inner cover to move relative to the saddle. Since one of the inner cover side plates is detachably installed with the inner cover body, the overall assembly of this utility model is convenient.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, an inner limiting plate is provided upward at the rear end of the inner protective cover body, and an outer limiting plate is provided downward at the front end of the outer protective cover body. When the moving slide plate moves forward and abuts against the inner limiting plate, it pushes the inner protective cover forward. When the moving slide plate moves backward and the outer limiting plate contacts the inner limiting plate, it pulls the inner protective cover backward. This utility model, by providing an inner limiting plate on the inner protective cover body and an outer limiting plate on the outer protective cover body, allows the outer protective cover to pull the inner protective cover when it moves backward, while simultaneously, the inner limiting plate cooperates with the moving slide plate, which pushes the inner protective cover forward.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, a first anti-collision rubber is provided on the front surface of the inner limiting plate or the rear surface of the outer limiting plate, and a second anti-collision rubber is provided on the lower part of the front end of the sports skateboard or the rear surface of the inner limiting plate. The first and second anti-collision rubbers of this utility model can effectively reduce the noise generated by impacts during use.

[0011] As a further improvement of this invention, a third anti-collision rubber is provided on the rear surface of the baffle or the front end of the saddle. By providing the third anti-collision rubber, this invention can effectively reduce the noise generated by the impact between the baffle and the saddle.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, a scraper strip is also included, which is disposed on the front surface of the outer limiting plate and abuts against the upper surface of the inner protective cover body. When the outer protective cover slides relative to the inner protective cover, the scraper strip is used to scrape off the metal slag on the inner protective cover body. By providing a scraper strip on the outer protective plate, this utility model can scrape off metal chips or metal slag that fall off the inner protective cover when the outer protective cover moves forward relative to the inner protective cover.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, the elastic element consists of two springs. A hanging plate is provided on each of the left and right sides of the rear end of the inner cover body, and a spring fixing plate is fixed on each of the left and right sides of the rear end of the saddle. The two springs are located on the left and right sides of the saddle, respectively, and their front and rear ends are hooked onto the hanging plate and the spring fixing plate. This utility model provides springs on both the left and right sides of the inner cover, ensuring even force distribution on both sides of the inner cover.

[0014] In summary, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: through the inner and outer protective plates, the metal chips or slag generated during workpiece processing are prevented from falling onto the guide rail and lead screw, thus avoiding obstruction to the sliding of the moving slide plate. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the present invention from another perspective.

[0018] The components are as follows: 1. Outer protective cover; 2. Inner protective cover; 3. Saddle; 4. Guide rail; 5. Sports skateboard; 6. Outer protective cover body; 7. Outer protective cover side plate; 8. Connecting plate; 9. Flip plate; 10. Inner protective cover body; 11. Inner protective cover side plate; 12. Guide groove; 13. Flanged edge; 14. Baffle; 15. Inner limiting plate; 16. Outer limiting plate; 17. First anti-collision rubber; 18. Second anti-collision rubber; 19. Third anti-collision rubber; 20. Scraper strip; 21. Spring; 22. Hanging plate; 23. Spring fixing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] This utility model is used on the motion axis of a precision machine tool to protect the lead screw (not shown in the figure) and guide rail 4 of the motion axis, preventing metal chips or slag generated during workpiece processing from falling onto the lead screw or guide rail 4 and adversely affecting the sliding of the motion slide plate 5 mounted on the spindle on the saddle 3. The saddle 3 is mounted on the machine tool bed, and two guide rails 4 are mounted on the motion slide plate 5 along the front-back direction. The motion slide plate 5 is slidably mounted on the guide rails 4 by a slider at its bottom and can slide back and forth on the saddle 3 along the guide rails 4. The lead screw is located between the two guide rails 4 and is set along the front-back direction. The lead screw passes through the lower part of the motion slide plate 5 and is threadedly engaged with the motion slide plate 5. The rotation of the lead screw drives the motion slide plate 5 to slide back and forth. The saddle 3 can be directly fixedly mounted on the machine tool bed according to actual needs, or it can be slidably mounted on the bed bed through the cooperation of the linear guide and the slider. When the saddle 3 is slidably mounted on the machine tool bed, the movement direction of the saddle 3 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the motion slide plate 5, that is, the saddle 3 slides on the bed bed in the left-right direction.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the motion axis protective cover structure of this utility model for a precision machine tool includes an outer cover 1 and an inner cover 2. The outer cover 1 can move back and forth relative to the inner cover 2 above it. The outer cover 1 is located above the lead screw and guide rail 4. The rear end of the outer cover 1 is fixedly connected to the motion slide plate 5. Therefore, when the motion slide plate 5 slides on the saddle 3, the outer cover 1 slides synchronously in the back and forth direction along with the motion slide plate 5. The inner cover 2 in this utility model is located at the front of the machine tool saddle 3. The inner cover 2 and the saddle 3 form a sliding pair and cover the lead screw and guide rail 4 from above. The outer cover 1 can move above the inner cover 2. Therefore, when metal chips or slag generated when processing the workpiece above the motion slide plate 5 fall downwards, they fall onto the outer cover 1 and the inner cover 2, and will not fall onto the lead screw or guide rail. 4. To prevent the guide rail 4 from jamming with the slider on the sliding plate 5 due to metal shavings or slag, or the lead screw from jamming with the sliding plate 5, thus hindering the movement of the sliding plate 5, the rear end of the inner cover 2 is connected to the saddle 3 with an elastic element. When the inner cover 2 moves forward, the elastic element stores energy, and when the inner cover 2 moves backward, the elastic element releases energy. In this invention, when the outer cover 1 and the sliding plate 5 move forward until the sliding plate 5 abuts against the inner cover 2, the sliding plate 5 continues to move, pushing the inner cover 2 forward synchronously. When the outer cover 1 and the sliding plate 5 move backward, the inner cover 2 can move backward under the pull of the elastic element and the outer cover 1. In this invention, before the sliding plate 5 abuts against the inner cover 2, the sliding plate 5 and the outer cover 1 move, while the inner cover 2 remains stationary relative to the saddle 3.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the outer cover 1 of this utility model includes an outer cover body 6 and two outer cover side plates 7. The outer cover body 6 is a rectangular plate structure. The two outer cover side plates 7 are fixedly connected to the rear ends of the left and right sides of the outer cover body 6, respectively, and extend rearward. The two outer cover side plates 7 can have different shapes, as long as they are plate-shaped. The rear ends of the two outer cover side plates 7 are detachably installed to the left and right sides of the sports skateboard 5 using at least two bolts, thus fixing the outer cover 1 to the front end of the sports skateboard 5. This utility model has an outer cover... A vertical connecting plate 8 is provided at the rear end of the outer cover 1. The connecting plate 8 is set upward. The left and right ends of the connecting plate 8 are respectively fixedly connected to the front ends of the two outer cover side plates 7. The connecting plate 8 is detachably installed on the front end of the sports skateboard 5 with two bolts, so that the outer cover 1 is more firmly installed on the sports skateboard 5. In this utility model, flip plates 9 are set vertically downward at both ends of the outer cover body 6. The flip plates 9 are perpendicular to the outer cover body 6 and prevent metal chips or metal slag from falling onto the guide rail 4 or the lead screw from both sides of the saddle 3.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the inner cover 2 of this utility model includes an inner cover body 10, which is a rectangular plate. Inner cover side plates 11 are provided on both the left and right sides of the inner cover body 10. Both inner cover side plates 11 are located between two outer cover side plates 7, and a saddle 3 is located between the two inner cover side plates 11. Both inner cover side plates 11 in this utility model are plate-shaped, and their shapes can be different. Guide grooves 12 are provided on both the left and right sides of the saddle 3 along the moving direction of the sliding plate 5. The bottom ends of the two inner cover side plates 11 are bent towards each other to form flanges 13, which are horizontal. The flanges 13 on the 1 are respectively set in the guide grooves 12 on the left and right sides of the saddle 3 and can slide in the guide grooves 12. The front end of the inner cover body 10 is vertically downward with a baffle 14. When the inner cover 2 moves backward until the baffle 14 abuts against the front end of the saddle 3, the saddle 3 blocks the backward movement of the inner cover 2 by abutting against the baffle 14, so that the inner cover 2 stops moving backward. At this time, the outer cover 1 can still continue to move backward with the motion slide 5. In this utility model, the right inner cover side plate 11 and the inner cover body 10 are integrated into one piece, and the left inner cover side plate 11 and the inner cover body 10 are detachably installed with bolts to facilitate the assembly of this utility model.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention has an inner limiting plate 15 provided upward at the rear end of the inner protective cover body 10 and an outer limiting plate 16 provided downward at the front end of the outer protective cover body 6. The left and right ends of the outer limiting plate 16 are respectively fixedly connected to the front ends of the flip plates 9 at the left and right ends of the outer protective cover body 6. When the moving slide plate 5 moves forward to abut the inner limiting plate 15, the moving slide plate 5 continues to move forward and pushes the inner protective cover 2 forward by pushing the inner limiting plate 15. When the moving slide plate 5 moves backward to the point that the outer limiting plate 16 contacts the inner limiting plate 15, the outer limiting plate 16 continues to move backward and pulls the inner protective cover 2 backward. This utility model provides a first anti-collision rubber 17 on the front surface of the inner limiting plate 15 or the rear surface of the outer limiting plate 16, a second anti-collision rubber 18 on the lower part of the front end of the sports skateboard 5 or the rear surface of the inner limiting plate 15, and a third anti-collision rubber 19 on the rear surface of the baffle 14 or the front end of the saddle 3. The most preferred embodiment of this utility model is to place the first anti-collision rubber 17 on the front surface of the inner limiting plate 15, the second anti-collision rubber 18 on the lower part of the front end of the sports skateboard 5, and the third anti-collision rubber 19 on the end face of the front end of the saddle 3. There are two of each of the first anti-collision rubber 17, the second anti-collision rubber 18, and the third anti-collision rubber 19, one on the left and one on the right.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, in order to clean the surface of the inner protective cover body 10, the present invention is provided with a scraper strip 20. The scraper strip 20 is disposed on the front surface of the outer limiting plate 16, and the bottom end of the scraper strip 20 is in contact with the upper surface of the inner protective cover body 10. When the outer protective cover 1 slides relative to the inner protective cover 2, the scraper strip 20 is used to scrape off the metal residue on the inner protective cover body 10.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the elastic element of this utility model consists of two springs 21. A hanging plate 22 is provided on each of the left and right sides of the rear end of the inner cover body 10, and a spring fixing plate 23 is fixed on each of the left and right sides of the rear end of the saddle 3. The spring fixing plates 23 are sheet metal parts and are detachably installed on the saddle 3 using bolts. The two springs 21 are located on the left and right sides of the saddle 3 respectively, and the front and rear ends of the springs 21 are hooked onto the hanging plates 22 and the spring fixing plates 23 respectively. In this utility model, the inner cover 2, when transported... When the sliding plate 5 moves forward, the two springs 21 extend and store energy. When the sliding plate 5 moves backward, the springs 21 contract and pull the inner cover 2 backward. When the springs 21 return to their original length, they no longer pull the inner cover 2 backward. After the sliding plate 5 separates from the inner cover 2, it continues to move backward. When the outer limit plate 16 on the outer cover 1 and the inner limit plate 15 on the inner cover 2 are at the outer limit plate 1, the inner cover 2 is pulled backward by the outer cover 1 until the front end of the saddle 3 stops against the baffle 14 at the front end of the inner cover 2.

[0027] This utility model, by setting an inner protective plate 1 and an outer protective plate 2, protects the lead screw and guide rail 4 from the upper end, preventing metal chips or slag generated during workpiece processing from falling onto the lead screw or guide rail 4 and thus preventing the sliding plate 5 from moving back and forth. This utility model is easy to install and has a low cost.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified in the above description, all parts are existing technology or can be implemented using existing technology. Furthermore, the specific embodiments described in this utility model are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. That is, all equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of this utility model patent should be considered within the technical scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A protective cover structure for the motion axis of a precision machine tool, characterized in that, It includes an outer cover and an inner cover. The outer cover is located above the lead screw and guide rail mounted on the machine tool saddle. The rear end of the outer cover is fixedly connected to the sliding plate. The outer cover slides synchronously with the sliding plate on the saddle. The inner cover is located at the front of the machine tool saddle and forms a sliding pair with the saddle, covering the lead screw and guide rail from above. The outer cover can move above the inner cover. The rear end of the inner cover is connected to the saddle with an elastic element. When the outer cover and the sliding plate move forward until the sliding plate abuts the inner cover, it pushes the inner cover to move forward synchronously. When the outer cover and the sliding plate move backward, the inner cover can move backward under the pull of the elastic element and the outer cover.

2. The motion axis protective cover structure for precision machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer cover includes an outer cover body and two outer cover side plates. The two outer cover side plates are fixedly connected to the rear ends of the left and right sides of the outer cover body, respectively, and the rear ends of the two outer cover side plates are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the sports skateboard, respectively.

3. The motion axis protective cover structure for precision machine tools according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rear end of the outer cover is equipped with a vertical connecting plate, which is fixedly connected to the front end of the sports skateboard.

4. The motion axis protective cover structure for precision machine tools according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both ends of the outer protective cover have vertically downward-facing flaps.

5. The motion axis protective cover structure for a precision machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner cover includes an inner cover body, with inner cover side plates on both the left and right sides of the inner cover body. Guide grooves are provided on both the left and right sides of the saddle along the moving direction of the sliding plate. The bottom ends of the inner cover side plates are bent towards each other to form flanges, which are set in the guide grooves and can slide in the guide grooves. A baffle is provided vertically downward at the front end of the inner cover body. The inner cover stops moving backward when it moves backward until the baffle abuts against the front end of the saddle. One of the two inner cover side plates is an integral structure with the inner cover body, while the other inner cover side plate is detachably installed with the inner cover body.

6. The motion axis protective cover structure for a precision machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, An inner limiting plate is provided at the rear end of the inner protective cover body and an outer limiting plate is provided at the front end of the outer protective cover body. When the moving slide moves forward and abuts the inner limiting plate, it pushes the inner protective cover forward. When the moving slide moves backward and the outer limiting plate contacts the inner limiting plate, it pulls the inner protective cover backward.

7. The motion axis protective cover structure for a precision machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that, A first anti-collision rubber is provided on the front surface of the inner limiting plate or the rear surface of the outer limiting plate, and a second anti-collision rubber is provided on the lower part of the front end of the sports skateboard or the rear surface of the inner limiting plate.

8. The motion axis protective cover structure for a precision machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, A third anti-collision rubber is provided on the rear surface of the baffle or the front end of the saddle.

9. The motion axis protective cover structure for a precision machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a scraper strip, which is set on the front surface of the outer limit plate and fits against the upper surface of the inner cover body. When the outer cover slides relative to the inner cover, the scraper strip is used to scrape off the metal slag on the inner cover body.

10. The motion axis protective cover structure for a precision machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element consists of two springs. There is a hanging plate on each of the left and right sides of the rear end of the inner cover body, and a spring fixing plate on each of the left and right sides of the rear end of the saddle. The two springs are located on the left and right sides of the saddle, and the front and rear ends of the springs are hooked to the hanging plate and the spring fixing plate, respectively.

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