A CNC machining tool anti-vibration structure
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHENZHEN JINLIGUAN JINGGONG TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing CNC machining tool vibration damping structures, when using a single spring vibration reduction or damping energy dissipation method, are unable to cope with complex vibration spectra, resulting in incomplete vibration attenuation. Especially in high-speed cutting or high material hardness scenarios, residual vibration causes tool chatter, affecting machining quality and equipment life. Furthermore, uneven distribution of some components can cause secondary vibration, increasing maintenance costs.
The system employs vibration damping components, including vibration damping airbags, spring seats, damping springs, telescopic covers, vibration damping bases, and vibration damping rings. It absorbs high-frequency vibrations through gas compression, consumes mid-frequency vibrations through elastic deformation, and dissipates low-frequency vibrations through damping materials. The ring-shaped distribution ensures uniform force transmission and avoids localized stress concentration.
It significantly improves the vibration reduction effect for vibrations of different frequencies, extends the service life of cutting tools and machine tools, improves machining accuracy and efficiency, and reduces equipment maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN224526646U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a vibration damping structure for CNC machining tools. Background Technology
[0002] CNC machining technology, with its high precision and high efficiency, has been widely used in the field of mechanical manufacturing. As a key component in CNC machining, the working condition of the cutting tool directly affects the machining quality and efficiency. During CNC machining, due to the high-speed cutting action between the tool and the workpiece, severe vibration is inevitably generated. Vibration not only leads to increased surface roughness and reduced dimensional accuracy, but also accelerates tool wear and shortens tool life, thereby affecting the reliability and production efficiency of the entire machining system, and may even affect the stability and lifespan of the machine tool. Moreover, tool vibration protection measures are relatively simple. Therefore, a vibration protection structure for CNC machining tools is particularly needed.
[0003] However, existing vibration damping structures for CNC machining tools often rely on single springs or damping to dissipate energy, which is insufficient to handle the complex vibration spectrum during machining. Simple spring structures are inadequate for buffering high-frequency impact vibrations, while single damping rings are weak in dissipating mid-frequency vibrations, resulting in incomplete vibration attenuation. In high-speed cutting or machining scenarios with high material hardness, residual vibrations can still cause tool chatter, leading to ripples on the machined surface and out-of-tolerance dimensional accuracy. Especially for precision parts machining, it is difficult to meet surface roughness requirements. Furthermore, uneven distribution of some springs or damping components can concentrate vibration energy in local structures, causing secondary vibrations. This not only reduces the vibration damping effect but also shortens the structural lifespan and increases equipment maintenance costs. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vibration damping structure for CNC machining tools, addressing the shortcomings of existing vibration damping structures for CNC machining tools mentioned in the background. These structures often employ a single spring for vibration reduction or damping energy dissipation, which is insufficient to handle the complex vibration spectrum during machining. A simple spring structure is inadequate for buffering high-frequency impact vibrations, while a single damping ring has weak capacity to dissipate mid-frequency vibrations, resulting in incomplete vibration attenuation. In high-speed cutting or machining scenarios with high material hardness, residual vibrations can still cause tool chatter, leading to ripples on the machined surface and out-of-tolerance dimensional accuracy. Especially for precision parts machining, it is difficult to meet surface roughness requirements. Furthermore, uneven distribution of some springs or damping components causes vibration energy to concentrate in local structures, triggering secondary vibrations. This not only reduces the vibration damping effect but also shortens the structural lifespan and increases equipment maintenance costs.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a vibration damping structure for CNC machining tools, comprising a mounting base, a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the inner side of the mounting base, a rotating seat fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating shaft, a mounting clamp fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating seat, a limit spring fixedly mounted on the outer side of the mounting clamp, a tool holder connecting seat provided on the outer side of the mounting clamp, a tool mounting head fixedly mounted on the bottom of the tool holder connecting seat, a vibration damping component provided on the top of the rotating seat, the vibration damping component comprising a vibration damping airbag, the vibration damping airbag mounted on the rotating seat, a spring seat fixedly mounted on the outer side of the vibration damping airbag, a damping spring fixedly mounted on the outer side of the spring seat, a telescopic cover fixedly mounted on the outer side of the spring seat, a vibration damping seat one fixedly mounted on the outer side of the telescopic cover, a vibration damping ring one provided inside the vibration damping seat one, a telescopic connecting rod fixedly mounted on the top of the vibration damping seat one, a vibration damping seat two fixedly mounted on the top of the telescopic connecting rod, and a vibration damping ring two provided inside the vibration damping seat two.
[0006] Preferably, the mounting clips are provided in two identical sets, and the two sets of mounting clips are symmetrically distributed about the vertical center line of the limiting spring.
[0007] Preferably, the tool holder connecting seat is located between the two sets of mounting clips, and the limiting spring is located between the two sets of mounting clips.
[0008] Preferably, the mounting clip, limiting spring, tool holder connecting seat and tool mounting head are provided in multiple identical sets, and the multiple sets of the mounting clip, limiting spring, tool holder connecting seat and tool mounting head are arranged in a ring on the top of the rotating seat.
[0009] Preferably, the vibration damping airbag is composed of multiple folded and bonded airbag structures, and the vertical center line of the vibration damping airbag and the vertical center line of the rotation axis are located on the same vertical center line.
[0010] Preferably, the spring seat, damping spring, telescopic cover, anti-vibration seat one, anti-vibration damping ring one, telescopic connecting rod, anti-vibration seat two, and anti-vibration damping ring two are provided in multiple identical sets, and the multiple sets of spring seats, damping springs, telescopic covers, anti-vibration seat one, anti-vibration damping ring one, telescopic connecting rod, anti-vibration seat two, and anti-vibration damping ring two are located on the outside of the anti-vibration airbag in a ring distribution.
[0011] Preferably, the dimensions of the first vibration damping seat and the first vibration damping ring are larger than the dimensions of the second vibration damping seat and the second vibration damping ring. Multiple sets of the telescopic connecting rods are provided, and multiple sets of the telescopic connecting rods are located between the first vibration damping seat and the second vibration damping seat.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This CNC machining tool anti-vibration structure, by setting anti-vibration components, can first absorb high-frequency vibration energy through gas compression, and has a significant buffering effect on instantaneous impact vibration. The multiple sets of damping springs distributed in a ring on the outside, together with the telescopic cover, can further consume medium-frequency vibration energy through elastic deformation. Moreover, the fixed design of the spring seat ensures uniform force transmission. The anti-vibration damping ring one and anti-vibration damping ring two inside the anti-vibration seat one and anti-vibration seat two utilize the internal friction characteristics of the damping material to efficiently consume low-frequency residual vibration. The telescopic connecting rod connects the anti-vibration seat one and the anti-vibration seat two, which not only ensures the stability of the vibration transmission path, but also avoids rigid collisions through telescopic characteristics. The ring-distributed spring seats and telescopic cover make the force evenly distributed, reduce local stress concentration, and significantly extend the service life of the tool and machine tool. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;
[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional disassembled structure of this utility model;
[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting clip and the limiting spring of this utility model in cooperation with each other;
[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration damping component structure of this utility model;
[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the vibration damping component of this utility model.
[0018] In the diagram: 1. Mounting base; 2. Rotating shaft; 3. Rotating seat; 4. Mounting clamp; 5. Limiting spring; 6. Tool holder connecting seat; 7. Tool mounting head; 8. Vibration damping assembly; 801. Vibration damping airbag; 802. Spring seat; 803. Vibration damping spring; 804. Telescopic cover; 805. Vibration damping seat one; 806. Vibration damping ring one; 807. Telescopic connecting rod; 808. Vibration damping seat two; 809. Vibration damping ring two. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0020] Please see Figure 1-5This utility model provides a technical solution: a vibration damping structure for CNC machining tools, including a mounting base 1, a rotating shaft 2 rotatably mounted on the inner side of the mounting base 1, a rotating seat 3 fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating shaft 2, a mounting clamp 4 fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating seat 3, a limit spring 5 fixedly mounted on the outer side of the mounting clamp 4, a tool holder connecting seat 6 provided on the outer side of the mounting clamp 4, a tool mounting head 7 fixedly mounted on the bottom of the tool holder connecting seat 6, and a vibration damping component 8 provided on the top of the rotating seat 3; the vibration damping component 8 includes a vibration damping airbag 801, the vibration damping airbag 801 is mounted on the rotating seat 3, a spring seat 802 fixedly mounted on the outer side of the vibration damping airbag 801, a damping spring 803 fixedly mounted on the outer side of the spring seat 802, a telescopic cover 804 fixedly mounted on the outer side of the spring seat 802, a vibration damping seat 805 fixedly mounted on the outer side of the telescopic cover 804, a vibration damping ring 806 provided inside the vibration damping seat 805, and a limit spring 5 fixedly mounted on the top of the vibration damping seat 805. The device is equipped with a telescopic connecting rod 807, and a second vibration damping seat 808 is fixedly installed on the top of the telescopic connecting rod 807. The second vibration damping seat 808 has a second vibration damping ring 809 inside. By setting the vibration damping component 8, it can first absorb high-frequency vibration energy through gas compression, and has a significant buffering effect on instantaneous impact vibration. Multiple sets of damping springs 803 distributed in a ring on its outer side, together with the telescopic cover 804, can further consume medium-frequency vibration energy through elastic deformation. The fixed design of the spring seat 802 ensures uniform force transmission. The first vibration damping seat 805 and the second vibration damping ring 806 and the second vibration damping ring 809 inside the second vibration damping seat 808 utilize the internal friction characteristics of the damping material to efficiently consume low-frequency residual vibration. The telescopic connecting rod 807 connects the first vibration damping seat 805 and the second vibration damping seat 808, which not only ensures the stability of the vibration transmission path, but also avoids rigid collision through telescopic characteristics. The ring-distributed spring seat 802 and the telescopic cover 804 make the force evenly distributed.
[0021] Furthermore, the mounting clips 4 are provided in two identical sets, and the two sets of mounting clips 4 are symmetrically distributed about the vertical center line of the limiting spring 5. By providing two sets of mounting clips 4, it can not only adapt to tool holder connecting seats 6 of different diameters, improving the compatibility of the device with tools of different specifications, but also absorb part of the vibration energy through the elastic deformation of the spring when the tool vibrates, playing an auxiliary role in vibration reduction, while avoiding damage to the tool holder connecting seat 6 that may be caused by rigid clamping.
[0022] Furthermore, the tool holder connecting seat 6 is located between the two sets of mounting clips 4, and the limiting spring 5 is located between the two sets of mounting clips 4. By setting the limiting spring 5, it can not only adapt to tool holder connecting seats 6 of different diameters, improving the compatibility of the device with different specifications of tools, but also absorb part of the vibration energy through the elastic deformation of the spring when the tool vibrates, playing an auxiliary role in vibration reduction, while avoiding damage to the tool holder connecting seat 6 that may be caused by rigid clamping.
[0023] Furthermore, multiple identical sets of mounting clips 4, limiting springs 5, tool holder connecting seats 6, and tool mounting heads 7 are provided, and these multiple sets of mounting clips 4, limiting springs 5, tool holder connecting seats 6, and tool mounting heads 7 are arranged in a ring on the top of the rotating seat 3. By setting multiple sets of mounting clips 4, limiting springs 5, tool holder connecting seats 6, and tool mounting heads 7, multiple different types of tools can be installed simultaneously, meeting the needs of continuous multi-process machining in CNC machining. This eliminates the need for frequent tool changes, greatly improving machining efficiency. It also ensures that each tool is evenly distributed on the rotating seat 3. When the rotating shaft 2 drives the rotating seat 3 to rotate and switch tools, the rotation trajectory of each tool is consistent, ensuring the machining position accuracy after tool change. At the same time, it also facilitates the anti-vibration component 8 to provide uniform anti-vibration protection for each tool.
[0024] Furthermore, the anti-vibration airbag 801 is composed of multiple folded and bonded airbag structures. The vertical center line of the anti-vibration airbag 801 is located on the same vertical center line as the vertical center line of the rotating shaft 2. By setting the vertical center line of the anti-vibration airbag 801 and the vertical center line of the rotating shaft 2 to be on the same vertical center line, the anti-vibration airbag 801 can be evenly distributed around the rotating shaft 2, ensuring that the anti-vibration airbag 801 is subjected to uniform force when absorbing vibration energy. When the rotating seat 3 drives the cutter to rotate, the anti-vibration airbag 801 will not generate additional centrifugal force due to eccentric distribution, avoiding the aggravation of device vibration caused by centrifugal force. At the same time, the structure of multiple folded and bonded airbags gives the anti-vibration airbag 801 better elasticity and buffering performance, and can more effectively absorb high-frequency vibration energy.
[0025] Furthermore, multiple identical sets of spring seats 802, damping springs 803, telescopic covers 804, anti-vibration seats 805, anti-vibration damping rings 806, telescopic connecting rods 807, anti-vibration seats 808, and anti-vibration damping rings 809 are provided. These multiple sets of spring seats 802, damping springs 803, telescopic covers 804, anti-vibration seats 805, anti-vibration damping rings 806, telescopic connecting rods 807, anti-vibration seats 808, and anti-vibration damping rings 809 are arranged in a ring around the outside of the anti-vibration airbag 801. This arrangement of multiple sets of spring seats 802... 02. The vibration damping spring 803, telescopic cover 804, vibration damping seat 1 805, vibration damping ring 1 806, telescopic connecting rod 807, vibration damping seat 2 808, and vibration damping ring 2 809 can absorb and dissipate vibration energy from multiple directions, forming all-round vibration protection. The ring distribution ensures that each vibration damping unit is subjected to uniform force, avoiding local vibration energy concentration. At the same time, the coordinated work of multiple sets of components can significantly improve the vibration reduction effect on vibrations of different frequencies. Whether it is high-frequency, medium-frequency, or low-frequency vibration, it can be effectively suppressed.
[0026] Furthermore, the dimensions of the vibration damping seat 1 805 and the vibration damping ring 1 806 are larger than those of the vibration damping seat 2 808 and the vibration damping ring 2 809. Multiple sets of telescopic connecting rods 807 are provided, and these multiple sets of telescopic connecting rods 807 are located between the vibration damping seat 1 805 and the vibration damping seat 2 808. By setting the dimensions of the vibration damping seat 1 805 and the vibration damping ring 1 806 to be larger than those of the vibration damping seat 2 808 and the vibration damping ring 2 809, the larger dimensions provide a larger damping contact area, enhancing the energy dissipation effect on low-frequency vibrations. The smaller dimensions of the vibration damping seat 2 808 and the vibration damping ring 2 809 are more suitable for handling high-frequency residual vibrations. The two work together to achieve graded treatment of vibrations at different frequencies, improving the overall vibration damping effect. The multiple sets of telescopic connecting rods 807 ensure the stability and flexibility of the connection between the vibration damping seat 1 805 and the vibration damping ring 2 808, allowing vibration energy to be smoothly transmitted and dissipated step by step, while avoiding rigid collisions between the two.
[0027] Working Principle: First, the operator fixes the mounting base 1 to the designated position on the CNC machine tool using bolts and other connectors, ensuring that the mounting base 1 fits tightly and securely against the machine tool's worktable without any looseness. The operator checks the smooth rotational connection between the rotating shaft 2 and the mounting base 1. An appropriate amount of lubricant can be added to the contact area between the rotating shaft 2 and the mounting base 1 to ensure that the rotating shaft 2 rotates freely without jamming, providing a stable foundation for subsequent tool switching. Based on the machining requirements, a suitable tool is selected and installed on the tool mounting head 7, ensuring the tool is securely installed. Then, the tool holder connecting seat 6 is placed between the two sets of mounting clamps 4. At this time, the limit spring 5 will be compressed due to the opening of the mounting clamps 4. Under the elastic force of the limit spring 5, the two sets of mounting clamps 4 will tightly clamp the tool holder connecting seat 6, completing the clamping of a single set of tools. Following the above method, different types of tools are clamped on the multiple sets of mounting structures distributed in a ring on the top of the rotating base 3. To meet the needs of multi-process machining, the installation status of the anti-vibration airbag 801 is checked to ensure that its multiple airbag structures are firmly folded and bonded without any air leakage. It is also confirmed that its vertical center line coincides with the vertical center line of the rotating shaft 2. The relevant control devices are activated to inflate the anti-vibration airbag 801 to the preset pressure, and its expansion is observed to ensure a uniform effect in buffering high-frequency vibrations. Next, the connections of multiple sets of spring seats 802, damping springs 803, and other components are checked for firmness. The anti-vibration seat one 805 and anti-vibration seat two 808 are manually pushed to check the smooth extension and retraction of the damping spring 803, and whether the telescopic cover 804 and telescopic connecting rod 807 can extend and retract normally, ensuring that the medium-frequency and low-frequency vibration energy can be effectively absorbed and consumed. According to the machining process requirements, the rotation parameters of the rotating shaft 2 are set through the CNC machine tool control system, causing the rotating seat 3 to drive multiple sets of tools to rotate, switching the required tools to the machining position.
[0028] The machine tool is started, and the cutting tool begins machining. During machining, the vibration damping assembly 8 works synchronously. The vibration damping airbag 801 absorbs high-frequency vibration energy through gas compression, and the vibration damping spring 803, in conjunction with the telescopic cover 804, dissipates medium-frequency vibration energy through elastic deformation. The vibration damping ring 1 806 and vibration damping ring 2 809 utilize the internal friction characteristics of the damping material to efficiently dissipate low-frequency vibration and high-frequency residual vibration, respectively. At the same time, the limit spring 5 assists in absorbing some vibration energy, further enhancing the vibration damping effect. When it is necessary to change the machining tool, the CNC machine tool control system controls the rotation of the rotating shaft 2, which drives the rotating seat 3 to rotate, moving the next set of tools to be used to the machining position. Since multiple sets of tools are arranged in a ring on the top of the rotating seat 3, and the rotating shaft 2 rotates stably, the positional accuracy of the tools after switching can be guaranteed, eliminating the need for tool resetting, reducing tool change time, and improving processing efficiency. After processing is completed, the CNC machine tool is turned off. After the tools have completely stopped rotating, the device is inspected and maintained. The mounting clamp 4 is loosened, the tools are removed for cleaning and maintenance, the gas in the anti-vibration airbag 801 is released, and it is checked for damage. If there is any damage, it is replaced in time. The dust and debris on the surface of each component of the anti-vibration assembly 8 are cleaned. The vibration damping spring 803, telescopic cover 804 and other components are checked for damage or deformation. Severely worn components are replaced to ensure that the device can be used normally next time.
[0029] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model.
Claims
1. A vibration damping structure for CNC machining tools, comprising a mounting base (1), characterized in that: A rotating shaft (2) is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the mounting base (1). A rotating seat (3) is fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating shaft (2). A mounting clip (4) is fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating seat (3). A limit spring (5) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the mounting clip (4). A tool holder connecting seat (6) is provided on the outer side of the mounting clip (4). A tool mounting head (7) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the tool holder connecting seat (6). A vibration damping component (8) is provided on the top of the rotating seat (3). The vibration damping assembly (8) includes a vibration damping airbag (801), which is mounted on a rotating seat (3). A spring seat (802) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the vibration damping airbag (801). A damping spring (803) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the spring seat (802). A telescopic cover (804) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the spring seat (802). A vibration damping seat one (805) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the telescopic cover (804). A vibration damping ring one (806) is provided inside the vibration damping seat one (805). A telescopic connecting rod (807) is fixedly mounted on the top of the vibration damping seat one (805). A vibration damping seat two (808) is fixedly mounted on the top of the telescopic connecting rod (807). A vibration damping ring two (809) is provided inside the vibration damping seat two (808).
2. The vibration damping structure for CNC machining tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting clips (4) are provided in two identical sets, and the two sets of mounting clips (4) are symmetrically distributed about the vertical center line of the limiting spring (5).
3. The vibration damping structure for CNC machining tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool holder connecting seat (6) is located between the two sets of mounting clips (4), and the limiting spring (5) is located between the two sets of mounting clips (4).
4. The vibration damping structure for CNC machining tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting clip (4), limiting spring (5), tool holder connecting seat (6) and tool mounting head (7) are provided in multiple identical sets, and the multiple sets of the mounting clip (4), limiting spring (5), tool holder connecting seat (6) and tool mounting head (7) are located on the top of the rotating seat (3) in a ring distribution.
5. The vibration damping structure for CNC machining tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration damping airbag (801) is composed of multiple folded and bonded airbag structures, and the vertical center line of the vibration damping airbag (801) and the vertical center line of the rotating shaft (2) are located on the same vertical center line.
6. The vibration damping structure for CNC machining tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring seat (802), damping spring (803), telescopic cover (804), anti-vibration seat one (805), anti-vibration damping ring one (806), telescopic connecting rod (807), anti-vibration seat two (808), and anti-vibration damping ring two (809) are provided in multiple identical sets, and the multiple sets of the spring seat (802), damping spring (803), telescopic cover (804), anti-vibration seat one (805), anti-vibration damping ring one (806), telescopic connecting rod (807), anti-vibration seat two (808), and anti-vibration damping ring two (809) are located on the outside of the anti-vibration airbag (801) in a ring distribution.
7. The anti-vibration structure for CNC machining tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimensions of the first anti-vibration seat (805) and the first anti-vibration damping ring (806) are larger than the dimensions of the second anti-vibration seat (808) and the second anti-vibration damping ring (809). Multiple sets of the telescopic connecting rod (807) are provided, and multiple sets of the telescopic connecting rod (807) are located between the first anti-vibration seat (805) and the second anti-vibration seat (808).