Automatic polishing device for metal castings
By introducing a robotic arm and an adaptive fixing mechanism into an automatic grinding device for metal castings, the problems of difficult grinding path planning and uneven grinding for castings with complex shapes have been solved, achieving efficient and uniform surface treatment of castings.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NINGJIN COUNTRY YEXIN CAST STEEL CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing metal casting grinding devices face challenges when processing castings with complex shapes, including difficulties in planning grinding paths and limitations in the freedom of movement of robotic arms or worktables. This results in over- or under-grinding in blind spots and overlapping areas.
An automated grinding device for metal castings is employed, which uses a robotic arm to drive a grinding mechanism and an adaptive fixing mechanism to achieve precise grinding of complex castings. The robotic arm is driven by a motor to rotate the grinding disc, and the grinding position and fixing method are adjusted through telescopic and adaptive components to ensure uniformity and stability of the grinding depth.
It achieves efficient and uniform grinding of complex castings, avoiding the shortcomings of grinding blind spots and overlapping boundary areas, and improving production efficiency and processing consistency.
Smart Images
Figure CN224526750U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of grinding equipment technology, and in particular to an automatic grinding device for metal castings. Background Technology
[0002] Cast iron, cast steel, and aluminum alloy materials are heated to a molten state and poured into a mold cavity that matches the shape of the part. After the molten metal cools and solidifies, the mold is removed and the surface is cleaned, finally obtaining a metal part with a certain shape, size, and performance.
[0003] Automatic grinding equipment for metal castings is a device that uses mechanical automation technology to efficiently grind burrs, flash, and residual defects in the gating system on the surface of castings. Its core function is to replace manual grinding, achieve deburring, polishing, and precision finishing of the casting surface, improve production efficiency, and enhance processing consistency.
[0004] Existing grinding equipment can avoid over-grinding or under-grinding caused by worker fatigue and experience differences. However, for castings with complex shapes, grinding path planning is difficult, and the freedom of movement of robotic arms or worktables may be limited, easily leading to grinding blind spots and residual burrs. Current technology divides castings into modules based on surface features, such as planar areas, curved areas, deep groove areas, and hole systems, and configures grinding parameters accordingly. For example, the flange plane of pump body castings is batch-ground using a gantry belt sander, while the internal flow channels are individually processed by a robot equipped with a flexible grinding head. However, different modules are processed by independent equipment, and there are errors in coordinate system transformation, resulting in over-grinding or under-grinding of overlapping boundary areas. Utility Model Content
[0005] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides an automatic grinding device for metal castings, which aims to improve the problem in the prior art where different modules are processed by independent equipment, and the coordinate system transformation has errors, resulting in excessive or insufficient grinding of the overlapping boundary areas.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an automatic grinding device for metal castings, comprising a machine body, a controller installed on the right side of the outer wall of the machine body, a mechanical arm fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the machine body, an installation block fixedly connected to the right side of the outer wall of the mechanical arm, a grinding mechanism installed inside the installation block, the grinding mechanism being used to grind metal castings, and a fixing mechanism provided inside the machine body for fixing metal castings;
[0007] The grinding mechanism includes a motor, which is fixedly connected inside the mounting block one. A hollow shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor. A rotating shaft is provided on the inner wall of the hollow shaft. A slider is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft. A sliding groove is opened on the inner wall of the hollow shaft. The sliding groove is slidably connected to the slider. A grinding disc is installed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft. A telescopic component is installed inside the mounting block one.
[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0009] The telescopic assembly includes a cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the inside left side of the mounting block. A U-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder, and an O-shaped block is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer wall of the U-shaped plate. An I-shaped circular block is fixedly connected to the lower middle part of the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the O-shaped block and the I-shaped circular block are rotatably connected.
[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0011] The fixing mechanism includes a second cylinder, which is located inside the machine body. Multiple telescopic rods are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the output end of the second cylinder. Springs are installed on the outer wall of the telescopic rods. Mounting blocks are fixedly connected to the right ends of the outer walls of the multiple springs. An adaptive component is installed inside the machine body.
[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0013] The adaptive component includes a semicircular block one, which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of mounting block two. Semicircular blocks two are rotatably connected to the front and rear sides of the inner wall of semicircular block one, and semicircular blocks three are rotatably connected to the front and rear sides of the inner wall of semicircular block two.
[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0015] The rotating shaft is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hollow shaft, and the hollow shaft passes through the middle of the bottom wall of the mounting block one.
[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0017] The cylinder 2 is located at the four corners inside the machine body, and the semi-circular block 1 is rotatably connected to the adjacent side of the outer wall of the multiple mounting blocks 2.
[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0019] The machine body has fixed blocks at the four corners on the inside, and the cylinder is fixedly connected to the top wall of the fixed blocks.
[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0021] The outer wall of the machine body is rotatably connected to the left and right ends of the front side, and the outer wall of the protective door is fixedly connected to the handle.
[0022] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0023] 1. In this utility model, the motor drives the hollow shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the slider in the groove to rotate. The slider drives the rotating shaft to rotate, thereby causing the grinding disc to cut the surface of the casting. At the same time, the cylinder pushes the U-shaped plate, which pushes the O-shaped block. The O-shaped block drives the rotating shaft to slide inside the hollow shaft through the I-shaped round block, adjusting the position of the grinding disc to adapt to various irregularly shaped castings and ensure uniform grinding depth.
[0024] 2. In this utility model, the metal casting is placed inside the machine body, and cylinder two is started. Cylinder two pushes the telescopic rod, which pushes mounting block two to move toward the casting. At this time, the spring is compressed and generates a buffer force to avoid damaging the casting. Then, semicircular block one on mounting block two rotates around the inner wall to initially fit the outline of the casting. Semicircular block two and semicircular block three inside semicircular block one rotate to further adapt to fit the complex curved surface of the casting, stabilize and fix the casting, and ensure that it does not shift during grinding. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1 This is a front view of an automatic grinding device for metal castings proposed in this utility model;
[0026] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of an automatic grinding device for metal castings proposed in this utility model;
[0027] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of an automatic grinding device for metal castings proposed in this utility model;
[0028] Figure 4 This is a partial exploded view of an automatic grinding device for metal castings proposed in this utility model;
[0029] Figure 5 This is a partial structural exploded view of an automatic grinding device for metal castings proposed in this utility model.
[0030] Legend:
[0031] 1. Body; 2. Controller; 3. Robotic arm; 4. Mounting block one; 5. Grinding mechanism; 501. Motor; 502. Hollow shaft; 503. Rotating shaft; 504. Slider; 505. Slide groove; 506. Grinding disc; 507. Telescopic assembly; 5071. Cylinder one; 5072. U-shaped plate; 5073. O-shaped block; 5074. I-shaped round block; 6. Fixing mechanism; 601. Cylinder two; 602. Telescopic rod; 603. Spring; 604. Mounting block two; 605. Adaptive assembly; 6051. Semicircular block one; 6052. Semicircular block two; 6053. Semicircular block three; 7. Fixing block; 8. Protective door; 9. Handle. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0033] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 An embodiment of this utility model provides an automatic grinding device for metal castings, including a body 1, a controller 2 installed on the right side of the outer wall of the body 1, a mechanical arm 3 fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the body 1, an installation block 4 fixedly connected to the right side of the outer wall of the mechanical arm 3, a grinding mechanism 5 installed inside the installation block 4, the grinding mechanism 5 being used to grind metal castings, and a fixing mechanism 6 being provided inside the body 1, the fixing mechanism 6 being used to fix metal castings;
[0034] The grinding mechanism 5 includes a motor 501, which is fixedly connected inside the mounting block 4. A hollow shaft 502 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 501. The motor 501 drives the hollow shaft 502 to rotate. A rotating shaft 503 is provided on the inner wall of the hollow shaft 502. A slider 504 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 503. A groove 505 is opened on the inner wall of the hollow shaft 502. The groove 505 is slidably connected to the slider 504. The hollow shaft 502 drives the slider 504 in the groove 505 to rotate. The slider 504 drives the rotating shaft 503 to rotate. A grinding disc 506 is installed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft 503. The rotating shaft 503 drives the grinding disc 506 to cut the surface of the casting. A telescopic component 507 is installed inside the mounting block 4.
[0035] The telescopic assembly 507 includes a cylinder 5071, which is fixedly connected to the inside left side of the mounting block 4. A U-shaped plate 5072 is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder 5071. The cylinder 5071 pushes the U-shaped plate 5072 to move. An O-shaped block 5073 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer wall of the U-shaped plate 5072. An I-shaped circular block 5074 is fixedly connected to the lower middle part of the outer wall of the rotating shaft 503. The O-shaped block 5073 and the I-shaped circular block 5074 are rotatably connected. The O-shaped block 5073 drives the rotating shaft 503 to slide inside the hollow shaft 502 through the I-shaped circular block 5074. The rotating shaft 503 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hollow shaft 502. The hollow shaft 502 passes through the middle of the bottom wall of the mounting block 4.
[0036] Specifically, motor 501 drives hollow shaft 502 to rotate, which in turn drives slider 504 located in slide groove 505 to rotate. The movement of slider 504 causes rotating shaft 503 to rotate, and rotating shaft 503 drives grinding disc 506 to perform cutting operations on the surface of casting. At the same time, cylinder 5071 pushes U-shaped plate 5072 to move. The movement of U-shaped plate 5072 causes O-shaped block 5073 to move. O-shaped block 5073 causes I-shaped block 5074 to drive rotating shaft 503 to slide within hollow shaft 502, thereby adjusting the position of grinding disc 506. This allows it to adapt to irregularly shaped castings of various materials and shapes, ensuring the consistency of grinding depth.
[0037] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 The fixing mechanism 6 includes a second cylinder 601, which is located inside the machine body 1. Multiple telescopic rods 602 are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the output end of the second cylinder 601. The second cylinder 601 pushes the telescopic rods 602 to move. Springs 603 are installed on the outer wall of the telescopic rods 602. The springs 603 generate buffer force when compressed to avoid rigid contact damage to the casting. Mounting blocks 604 are fixedly connected to the right end of the outer wall of each of the multiple springs 603. The telescopic rods 602 push the mounting blocks 604 to move towards the casting. An adaptive component 605 is provided inside the machine body 1.
[0038] The adaptive component 605 includes a semicircular block 6051, which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting block 604. The front and rear sides of the inner wall of the semicircular block 6051 are rotatably connected to the semicircular block 6052, and the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the semicircular block 6052 are rotatably connected to the semicircular block 6053. The cylinder 601 is located at the four corners inside the body 1. The semicircular block 6051 is rotatably connected to the adjacent side of the outer wall of the multiple mounting blocks 604. The semicircular block 6051 on the mounting block 604 rotates around its inner wall to initially conform to the outline of the casting. The semicircular blocks 6052 and 6053 inside the semicircular block 6051 further adaptively conform to the complex curved surface of the casting through rotation.
[0039] Specifically, the metal casting is placed into the machine body 1, and cylinder 2 601 is activated. Cylinder 2 601 pushes the telescopic rod 602, which in turn pushes mounting block 2 604 toward the casting. At this time, spring 603 is compressed to generate a buffering force to prevent damage to the casting from rigid contact. Semicircular block 1 6051 on mounting block 2 604 rotates around its inner wall to initially conform to the contour of the casting. Semicircular block 2 6052 and semicircular block 3 6053 inside semicircular block 1 6051 further adapt to conform to the complex curved surface of the casting through rotation, thereby stabilizing and fixing the casting to ensure that no displacement occurs during the grinding process.
[0040] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 Fixing blocks 7 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the inner side of the machine body 1. Fixing blocks 7 are used to fix cylinder 2 601 inside the machine body 1. Cylinder 2 601 is fixedly connected to the top wall of fixing blocks 7. Protective doors 8 are rotatably connected to the left and right ends of the front side of the outer wall of the machine body 1. Protective doors 8 are used to prevent operators from accidentally contacting dangerous parts. Handles 9 are fixedly connected to the front side of the outer wall of protective doors 8. Handles 9 are used to facilitate operators to open or close protective doors 8.
[0041] Specifically, the fixing block 7 is used to fix cylinder 601 inside the machine body 1, the protective door 8 is used to prevent operators from accidentally contacting dangerous parts, and the handle 9 is used to facilitate operators to open or close the protective door 8.
[0042] Working principle: When the motor 501 is started, it drives the hollow shaft 502 to rotate. The hollow shaft 502 drives the slider 504 in the slide groove 505 to rotate. The slider 504 drives the rotating shaft 503 to rotate. The rotating shaft 503 drives the grinding disc 506 to cut the surface of the casting. At the same time, the cylinder 5071 pushes the U-shaped plate 5072 to move. The U-shaped plate 5072 pushes the O-shaped block 5073 to move. The O-shaped block 5073 drives the rotating shaft 503 to slide in the hollow shaft 502 through the I-shaped round block 5074, thereby adjusting the position of the grinding disc 506. It can adapt to various materials and shapes of irregular castings and ensure uniform grinding depth.
[0043] The metal casting is placed inside the machine body 1. Cylinder 2 601 is activated, which pushes the telescopic rod 602. The telescopic rod 602 pushes the mounting block 2 604 toward the casting. At this time, the spring 603 is compressed and generates a buffering force to avoid rigid contact damage to the casting. The semicircular block 1 6051 on the mounting block 2 604 rotates around its inner wall to initially fit the contour of the casting. The semicircular block 2 6052 and the semicircular block 3 6053 inside the semicircular block 1 6051 further adapt to fit the complex curved surface of the casting by rotation, stabilizing and fixing the casting to ensure that no displacement occurs during the grinding process.
[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. An automatic grinding device for metal castings, comprising a body (1), characterized in that: A controller (2) is installed on the right side of the outer wall of the machine body (1). A mechanical arm (3) is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the machine body (1). A mounting block (4) is fixedly connected to the right side of the outer wall of the mechanical arm (3). A grinding mechanism (5) is installed inside the mounting block (4). The grinding mechanism (5) is used to grind metal castings. A fixing mechanism (6) is provided inside the machine body (1). The fixing mechanism (6) is used to fix metal castings. The grinding mechanism (5) includes a motor (501), which is fixedly connected inside the mounting block (4). The output end of the motor (501) is fixedly connected to a hollow shaft (502). A rotating shaft (503) is provided on the inner wall of the hollow shaft (502). A slider (504) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (503). A sliding groove (505) is provided on the inner wall of the hollow shaft (502). The sliding groove (505) is slidably connected to the slider (504). A grinding disc (506) is installed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft (503). A telescopic component (507) is installed inside the mounting block (4).
2. The automatic grinding device for metal castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic assembly (507) includes a cylinder (5071), which is fixedly connected to the inside left side of the mounting block (4). A U-shaped plate (5072) is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder (5071). An O-shaped block (5073) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer wall of the U-shaped plate (5072). An I-shaped round block (5074) is fixedly connected to the lower middle part of the outer wall of the rotating shaft (503). The O-shaped block (5073) and the I-shaped round block (5074) are rotatably connected.
3. The automatic grinding device for metal castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (6) includes cylinder two (601), which is located inside the body (1). Multiple telescopic rods (602) are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the output end of cylinder two (601). Springs (603) are installed on the outer wall of the telescopic rods (602). Mounting blocks (604) are fixedly connected to the right end of the outer wall of each of the multiple springs (603). An adaptive component (605) is provided inside the body (1).
4. The automatic grinding device for metal castings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adaptive component (605) includes a semicircular block one (6051), which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting block two (604). The inner walls of the semicircular block one (6051) are rotatably connected to the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the semicircular block one (6051), and the inner walls of the semicircular block two (6052) are rotatably connected to the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the semicircular block two (6052) by the semicircular block three (6053).
5. The automatic grinding device for metal castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (503) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hollow shaft (502), which passes through the middle of the bottom wall of the mounting block (4).
6. The automatic grinding device for metal castings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cylinder two (601) is located at the four corners inside the body (1), and the semi-circular block one (6051) is rotatably connected to the adjacent side of the outer wall of multiple mounting blocks two (604).
7. The automatic grinding device for metal castings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The machine body (1) has four fixed blocks (7) at the four corners on the inside, and the cylinder (601) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the fixed block (7).
8. The automatic grinding device for metal castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the body (1) is rotatably connected to the left and right ends of the front side, and the outer wall of the protective door (8) is fixedly connected to the handle (9).