Multi-station automatic casting polishing equipment
Multi-station automatic casting grinding equipment solves the problems of equipment jamming and surface damage by real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of grinding parameters, realizes efficient automatic pre-inspection, and improves the accuracy and production efficiency of casting grinding.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ANHUI JIANGLAI ELECTROMECHANICAL ENG CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
Smart Images
Figure CN224526786U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of grinding device technology, specifically to an automatic grinding equipment for multi-station castings. Background Technology
[0002] Grinding equipment is a machine used to flatten, polish, remove burrs, or adjust the shape of workpiece surfaces. Through the grinding process, the workpiece surface can achieve the required smoothness and shape. Grinding equipment usually uses grinding wheels, sandpaper, sanding belts, or other abrasives for surface treatment to remove defects, rough parts, or achieve precision machining on the workpiece.
[0003] Grinding equipment is a machine used to smooth, polish, remove burrs, or adjust the shape of workpiece surfaces. Through grinding, the workpiece surface can achieve the required smoothness and shape accuracy. Traditional casting grinding equipment mostly adopts mechanical grinding methods with fixed parameters, which has significant limitations when processing castings with different hardness or surface conditions. For example, when the surface hardness or roughness of the casting varies greatly, the grinding resistance is prone to sudden changes, leading to equipment jamming, surface damage to the casting, or uneven quality. In addition, existing technologies generally lack efficient pre-inspection mechanisms, usually requiring manual re-inspection after grinding to confirm quality compliance. This not only increases the rework rate but also seriously restricts production efficiency. For example, the post-weld grinding equipment for automotive parts published by patent CN119141362B can complete basic grinding, but it does not solve the problem of equipment overload and surface damage caused by sudden changes in resistance, nor does it realize automated pre-inspection functions, making it difficult to meet the high-precision and high-efficiency requirements of modern production. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a multi-station automatic grinding equipment for castings, which can effectively solve the problem that sudden changes in resistance are easy to occur during the grinding process of the existing technology, causing the equipment to jam.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0006] This utility model provides a multi-station automatic grinding equipment for castings, including:
[0007] A base plate, on the upper surface of which a fixed seat is fixedly installed, and a rolling groove is provided on the inner wall of the fixed seat. The two ends of the inner wall of the rolling groove are provided with a detection station and a grinding station. The bottom end of the rolling groove is inclined at an angle along the direction of the detection station and the grinding station.
[0008] A grinding assembly includes a grinding wheel and a pressing wheel positioned above a grinding station and driven to move. An air inlet is positioned above the pressing wheel. A flared air inlet pipe is provided on the inner wall of the air inlet. A round plug is provided inside the flared air inlet pipe, near the end with the larger diameter. A first pressure sensing element is fixedly installed inside the flared air inlet pipe, near the end with the smaller diameter. At least one pressure-type one-way valve is embedded in the inner wall of the end with the smaller diameter of the flared air inlet pipe. An expansion portion is integrally formed on the outer wall of the flared air inlet pipe. A pressurized space is formed between the expansion portion, the flared air inlet pipe, and the air inlet. A second pressure sensing element is provided in the pressurized space. The first pressure sensing element and the second pressure sensing element are electrically connected to a controller.
[0009] Preferably, a two-dimensional driving device is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base plate, and a horizontal plate is fixedly installed on the output end of the two-dimensional driving device. A square groove is opened in the horizontal plate, and a sliding plate is slidably installed on the inner wall of the square groove near the two-dimensional driving device. A cylinder is fixedly installed between the sliding plate and the square groove. The telescopic end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the sliding plate. The cylinder is connected to the air inlet tank through a connecting pipe. A solenoid valve is embedded in the outer wall of the cylinder. The solenoid valve is electrically connected to the controller. A straight plate is embedded in the inside of the sliding plate below the horizontal plate. A second rotary driving component is fixedly installed on one side of the straight plate. A grinding wheel is rotatably installed on the inner wall of one end of the straight plate. Two second short shafts are symmetrically rotatably installed on one side of the straight plate. One of the second short shafts passes through the straight plate and is fixedly connected to the grinding wheel. The output end of the second rotary driving component passes through the straight plate and is fixedly connected to the other second short shaft. The two second short shafts are connected by a belt drive.
[0010] Preferably, a support plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the square groove at a position away from the sliding plate. The upper end of the support plate is slidably connected to the air inlet tank. A baffle is fixedly installed on the upper end of the horizontal plate between the sliding plate and the horizontal plate. A first spring is fixedly installed between the baffle and the air inlet tank. The baffle is slidably connected to the connecting pipe. One end of the air inlet tank is connected to an external pipe. The external pipe is connected to an air supply device. The external pipe passes through the air inlet tank and is connected to a horn-shaped air inlet pipe. A cross is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the horn-shaped air inlet pipe. A long shaft is fixedly installed on the side of the cross away from the external pipe. The long shaft is slidably connected to a round plug.
[0011] Preferably, a slide rod is fixedly installed on one side of the support plate, a sliding sleeve is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the slide rod, the lower inner wall of the sliding sleeve is rotatably connected to the extrusion wheel, a disc is fixedly installed on one end of the slide rod, a second spring is fixedly installed between the disc and the sliding sleeve, and an electromagnet is fixedly installed on the upper part of the outer wall of the sliding sleeve, the electromagnet magnetically engaging with the round plug.
[0012] Preferably, multiple rollers are rotatably installed at the inner bottom end of the rolling groove and at the position corresponding to the grinding station. A first short shaft is fixedly installed at one end of each roller, and the first short shafts are connected by belt drive. Two first rotating shafts are embedded on both sides of the fixed seat at the corresponding grinding station. A first electromagnet is fixedly installed at one end of each of the two first rotating shafts. The first electromagnet is electrically connected to the controller. An external frame is fixedly installed on one side of the fixed seat at the position corresponding to the first rotating shaft. A first rotary drive is fixedly installed on one side of the external frame. The output end of the first rotary drive passes through the external frame and is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft. The first rotating shaft is connected to the first short shaft by belt drive.
[0013] Preferably, the system further includes a detection component, which includes multiple second rotating shafts embedded on both sides of the fixed base and at corresponding detection stations. A second electromagnet is fixedly installed at one end of each of the multiple second rotating shafts. The second electromagnet is electrically connected to the controller. An electromagnetic clutch shaft is fixedly installed at the opposite end of each of the second electromagnets. The electromagnetic clutch shaft is connected to the first rotating shaft via belt drive.
[0014] Preferably, a fixing frame is fixedly installed on one side of the fixing base and at the corresponding detection station. A square plate is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fixing frame, and a valve is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the square plate. An air bladder is fixedly installed at the lower end of the square plate. The air bladder is filled with pigment. An inlet pipe is fixedly installed on one side of the fixing frame. One end of the inlet pipe passes through the fixing frame and communicates with the air bladder. The other end of the inlet pipe passes through the fixing base and extends into the detection station. A delivery pipe is fixedly installed at one end of the inlet pipe. An outlet is symmetrically opened at one end of the delivery pipe. A sliding tube is slidably installed on the outer wall of the inlet pipe. A fixing block is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sliding tube. Two flow grooves are symmetrically opened in the fixing block. A support plate is integrally formed at one end of the fixing block. Multiple contact wheels are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the support plate. A drain plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the support plate at a position away from the contact wheels. An opening is opened inside the drain plate. A third spring is fixedly installed between the sliding tube and the fixing frame.
[0015] Preferably, a bracket is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base plate at the corresponding detection station, a lifting plate is slidably installed on the inner wall of the bracket, a lifting drive component is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the bracket, the telescopic end of the lifting drive component passes through the bracket and is fixedly connected to the lifting plate, a color detection element is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the lifting plate, and the color detection element is electrically connected to an alarm device through a controller.
[0016] The technical solution provided by this utility model has the following advantages compared with the known prior art:
[0017] First, by setting up pressure detection elements, a horn-shaped air inlet pipe, and a circular plug linkage structure, the air pressure changes during the grinding process can be monitored in real time, and the feed speed and rotation speed of the grinding wheel can be dynamically adjusted. When the surface hardness or roughness of the casting causes the grinding resistance to increase, the feed speed and rotation speed of the grinding wheel are automatically reduced to avoid equipment wear or surface damage to the casting due to overload. At the same time, through the cooperation of the electromagnet and the sliding sleeve, combined with the spring reset mechanism, it is ensured that the casting always returns stably to the grinding station during the grinding process, which significantly improves the grinding accuracy and consistency and extends the service life of the equipment.
[0018] Secondly, when the contact wheel rolls into contact with the casting, the surface protrusions or depressions drive the sliding tube to move, triggering the pigment spraying mechanism to accurately mark the unqualified areas. The color detection element then scans the marked area and, through the controller, links the alarm device to ensure that only qualified castings are allowed to enter the grinding process. This design significantly reduces the cost of manual inspection, prevents unqualified products from flowing into subsequent processes, and improves production efficiency and product yield. Attached Figure Description
[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the fixing base of this utility model;
[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding component of this utility model;
[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;
[0024] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the liquid inlet pipe of this utility model;
[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.
[0026] Reference numerals: 1. Base plate; 2. Fixing seat; 3. Grinding assembly; 301. Roller; 302. External frame; 303. First rotary drive component; 304. First rotating shaft; 305. First electric disk; 307. First short shaft; 308. Two-dimensional drive device; 309. Horizontal plate; 310. Sliding plate; 311. Straight plate; 312. Second rotary drive component; 313. Grinding wheel; 314. Second short shaft; 315. Cylinder; 316. Solenoid valve; 317. Connecting pipe; 318. Baffle; 319. Support plate; 320. Air inlet; 321. External pipe; 322. Horn-shaped air inlet pipe; 323. Cross; 324. Long shaft; 325. Round plug; 326. 327. Pressure-type check valve; 328. Expansion section; 329. Slide rod; 330. Second spring; 331. Sliding sleeve; 332. Extrusion wheel; 333. Electromagnet; 4. Detection assembly; 401. Bracket; 402. Lifting drive component; 403. Lifting plate; 404. Color detection element; 405. Fixing frame; 406. Square plate; 407. Airbag; 408. Inlet pipe; 409. Sliding pipe; 410. Third spring; 411. Fixed round block; 412. Flow groove; 413. Conveying pipe; 414. Outlet; 415. Support plate; 416. Contact wheel; 417. Drainage plate; 418. Second electromagnet; 419. Second rotating shaft; 420. Electromagnetic clutch shaft. Detailed Implementation
[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.
[0029] Example: Refer to Figures 1 to 6 A multi-station automatic grinding equipment for castings, comprising:
[0030] The base plate 1 has a fixed seat 2 fixedly installed on its upper end surface. The inner wall of the fixed seat 2 is provided with a rolling groove. The two ends of the inner wall of the rolling groove are provided with a detection station and a grinding station. The bottom end of the rolling groove is inclined at the direction of the detection station and the grinding station.
[0031] Grinding assembly 3 includes a grinding wheel 313 and a pressing wheel 331, which are driven to move and positioned above the grinding station. An air inlet 320 is positioned above the pressing wheel 331. A flared air inlet pipe 322 is provided on the inner wall of the air inlet 320. A round plug 325, made of iron, is provided inside the flared air inlet pipe 322, near the end with the larger diameter. A first pressure sensing element is fixedly installed inside the flared air inlet pipe 322, near the end with the smaller diameter. A pressure sensing element is embedded in the inner wall of the end with the smaller diameter of the flared air inlet pipe 322. The system lacks a pressure-type one-way valve 326. The outer wall of the horn-shaped air intake pipe 322 is integrally formed with an expansion part 327. A pressurized space is formed between the expansion part 327, the horn-shaped air intake pipe 322, and the air intake tank 320. A second pressure detection element is installed in the pressurized space. The first pressure detection element and the second pressure detection element are electrically connected to a controller. The first pressure detection element and the second pressure detection element use existing piezoelectric pressure sensors, which are sensors that utilize the piezoelectric effect and are often used for precise pressure measurement. Their output signal can be voltage, current, or frequency.
[0032] A two-dimensional drive device 308 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base plate 1. A horizontal plate 309 is fixedly installed on the output end of the two-dimensional drive device 308. A square groove is opened in the horizontal plate 309. A sliding plate 310 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the square groove near the two-dimensional drive device 308. A cylinder 315 is fixedly installed between the sliding plate 310 and the square groove. The telescopic end of the cylinder 315 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 310. The cylinder 315 is connected to the air inlet tank 320 through a connecting pipe 317. A solenoid valve 316 is embedded in the outer wall of the cylinder 315. The solenoid valve 316 is an existing device that generates a magnetic field in an electromagnetic coil through current, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the valve core to realize the functions of opening, regulating, and distributing fluid. The solenoid valve 316 is electrically connected to the controller. Next, a straight plate 311 is embedded inside the sliding plate 310 and below the horizontal plate 309. A second rotary drive 312 is fixedly installed on one side of the straight plate 311. A grinding wheel 313 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of one end of the straight plate 311. Two second short shafts 314 are symmetrically rotatably installed on one side of the straight plate 311. One of the second short shafts 314 passes through the straight plate 311 and is fixedly connected to the grinding wheel 313. The output end of the second rotary drive 312 passes through the straight plate 311 and is fixedly connected to the other second short shaft 314. The two second short shafts 314 are connected by a belt drive. A support plate 319 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the square groove at a position away from the sliding plate 310. The upper end of the support plate 319 is limited and slidably connected to the air inlet tank 320. The upper end of the horizontal plate 309 and A baffle 318 is fixedly installed between the sliding plate 310 and the horizontal plate 309. A first spring is fixedly installed between the baffle 318 and the air inlet tank 320. The baffle 318 is slidably connected to the connecting pipe 317. One end of the air inlet tank 320 is connected to an external pipe 321, which is connected to an air supply device. The air supply device uses an existing air compressor. An air compressor is a device that draws in outside air and compresses it using mechanical energy before sending it out. The compressed air is stored in an air storage tank for later use. The external pipe 321 passes through the air inlet tank 320 and is connected to a horn-shaped air inlet pipe 322. A cross 323 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the horn-shaped air inlet pipe 322. A cross 323 is fixedly installed on the side of the cross 323 away from the external pipe 321. A long shaft 324 is slidably connected to a round plug 325. A slide rod 328 is fixedly installed on one side of a support plate 319. A sliding sleeve 330 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the slide rod 328. The lower inner wall of the sliding sleeve 330 is rotatably connected to a pressing wheel 331. A disc is fixedly installed on one end of the slide rod 328. A second spring 329 is fixedly installed between the disc and the sliding sleeve 330. An electromagnet 332 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 330. The electromagnet 332 is an existing device that generates a magnetic field by passing an electric current through a coil. The current is passed through a wire (usually copper wire) wound into a coil, and the magnetic field generated by the current attracts or repels ferromagnetic materials, forming a strong magnetic force. The electromagnet 332 and the round plug 325 are magnetically attracted to each other.Multiple rollers 301 are rotatably mounted at the inner bottom of the rolling groove and at the corresponding grinding station. A first short shaft 307 is fixedly mounted at one end of each roller 301, and the first short shafts 307 are connected by a belt drive. Two first rotating shafts 304 are embedded on both sides of the fixed base 2 at the corresponding grinding station. A first electromagnet 305 is fixedly mounted at one end of each of the two first rotating shafts 304. The first electromagnet 305 is an existing device that uses electromagnetic force for operation or control. It is typically used in applications requiring magnetic attraction or repulsion of objects. Designed based on the principle of an electromagnet, it is usually composed of a coil, an iron core, and other structural components. By energizing the magnetic field, it achieves the movement, control, or stabilization of objects. When the first electromagnet 305 is driven to rotate by the first rotating drive member 303, it can magnetically attract circular castings, cooperating with the rotating rollers 301 to... A circular casting is driven to rotate. A gap exists between the first electric disk 305 and the circular casting to prevent friction between the casting and the disk during movement. Compared to the rolling connection between the roller 301 and the casting, the first electric disk 305 assists in rotating the casting while restricting its movement within the grinding station. The first electric disk 305 is electrically connected to the controller. An external frame 302 is fixedly installed on one side of the fixed base 2 at the position corresponding to the first rotating shaft 304. A first rotary drive 303 is fixedly installed on one side of the external frame 302. The output end of the first rotary drive 303 passes through the external frame 302 and is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 304. The first rotating shaft 304 is belt-driven to the first short shaft 307. Both the first rotary drive 303 and the second rotary drive 312 utilize existing rotary motors.
[0033] It also includes a detection component 4, which includes multiple second rotating shafts 419 embedded on both sides of the fixed base 2 at corresponding detection stations. A second electromagnet 418 is fixedly mounted on one end of each of the multiple second rotating shafts 419, and the second electromagnet 418 is electrically connected to the controller. An electromagnetic clutch shaft 420 is fixedly mounted on the opposite end of the second electromagnet 418. The electromagnetic clutch shaft 420 is an existing device, a mechanical component that uses the principle of electromagnetic force to control the clutch function, commonly found in various mechanical transmission systems, combining electric... The magnetic clutch and shaft function to connect and disconnect power transmission. The electromagnetic clutch shaft 420 is belt-driven connected to the first rotating shaft 304. A fixed bracket 405 is fixedly installed on one side of the fixed seat 2 at the corresponding detection station. A square plate 406 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fixed bracket 405. A valve is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the square plate 406. An airbag 407 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the square plate 406. The airbag 407 is filled with pigment. When pigment is injected into the airbag 407, the airbag 407 will inflate. Figure 2As shown, a valve is installed on the upper surface of the square plate 406. The inflated air bladder 407 provides a certain hydraulic pressure during the subsequent pigment flow, driving the pigment to flow. Watercolor pigments are used because of their bright colors and wide variety, which can be easily identified by the color detection element. They can be removed by wetting and cleaning. A liquid inlet pipe 408 is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting bracket 405. One end of the liquid inlet pipe 408 passes through the mounting bracket 405 and is connected to the air bladder 407. The other end of the liquid inlet pipe 408 passes through the mounting base 2 and extends into the detection station. A delivery pipe 413 is fixedly installed at one end of the inlet pipe 408. A symmetrical outlet 414 is provided at one end of the delivery pipe 413. A sliding pipe 409 is slidably installed on the outer wall of the inlet pipe 408. A fixed circular block 411 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sliding pipe 409. Two flow grooves 412 are symmetrically provided inside the fixed circular block 411. A support plate 415 is integrally formed at one end of the fixed circular block 411. Multiple contact wheels 416 are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the support plate 415. A drain plate 4 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the support plate 415 at a position away from the contact wheels 416. 17. An opening is provided inside the drain plate 417. A third spring 410 is fixedly installed between the sliding tube 409 and the fixed frame 405. A bracket 401 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base plate 1 at the corresponding detection station. A lifting plate 403 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the bracket 401. A lifting drive component 402 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the bracket 401. The telescopic end of the lifting drive component 402 passes through the bracket 401 and is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 403. A color detection element 404 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the lifting plate 403. The color detection element 404 is controlled by... The device is electrically connected to an alarm device. After the contact wheel 416 contacts the circular casting, the contact wheel 416 will roll and connect with the outer wall of the circular casting. During the rolling connection, the contact wheel 416 will drive the fixed block 411 and the sliding tube 409 to slide and compress the third spring 410 on the outer wall of the liquid inlet pipe 408. In this way, when the outer wall of the circular casting is subsequently dented, the compressed third spring 410 will drive the fixed block 411 and the sliding tube 409 to slide on the outer wall of the liquid inlet pipe 408, allowing the contact wheel 416 to extend into the dent.
[0034] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:
[0035] By placing a circular casting (suitable for diameters of 200-500mm and weights of 5-50kg, capable of handling castings with surface roughness Ra values in the range of 3.2-12.5μm) into the detection area set within the rolling groove (the detection station is at the outermost edge of the rolling groove, where the outer wall of the circular casting will contact and abut against the inner wall of the rolling groove), voltage is input to the second electromagnet 418 via the controller, causing it to generate magnetic attraction to both sides of the circular casting, thus fixing the circular casting at the detection station. The first rotating drive 303 is activated to drive the first rotating shaft 304 to rotate. The rotating first rotating shaft 304 drives the second rotating shaft 419 and the second electromagnet 418 to rotate, thereby driving the circular casting to rotate within the detection station. During the rotation of the circular casting, the contact wheel 416 will roll against the outer wall of the circular casting. The outer wall of the circular casting has external wall defects such as protrusions and depressions (the depressions on the outer surface of the circular casting are detected). During the process, the depression needs to be linear to be detected (e.g., the entire outer surface of a circular casting is depressed). The protrusion will press against the contact wheel 416, causing the contact wheel 416 to drive the fixed circular block 411 and the inlet pipe 408 to slide on the outer wall of the sliding pipe 409 via the support plate 415. The depression will be driven by the compressed third spring 410 to slide the sliding pipe 409 on the outer wall of the inlet pipe 408, moving towards the axis of the circular casting. During this sliding process, the outlet 414 aligns with the flow channel 412. The pigment in the airbag 407 flows into the flow groove 412 through the liquid inlet pipe 408 and the delivery pipe 413, and is finally sprayed onto the surface of the casting through the opening of the drain plate 417. The pigment is sprayed onto the raised and recessed areas on the outer wall of the circular casting. As the circular casting is continuously driven to rotate, the lifting drive 402 drives the lifting plate 403 and the color detection element 404 to descend. The color detection element 404 detects the pigment on the outer wall of the circular casting and triggers an alarm through the controller.
[0036] It should be noted that the different protrusions and depressions on the outer wall of the circular casting can be eliminated to a certain extent through subsequent grinding. During the process of extrusion and contact with the contact wheel 416, the conveying pipe 413 and the sliding pipe 409 slide on the outer wall of the liquid inlet pipe 408, which will prevent the liquid outlet 414 from overlapping with the flow channel 412 and spraying out pigment.
[0037] After the color detection element 404 completes the detection, an alarm is issued to indicate that the surface of the circular casting has protrusions and depressions that exceed the range and cannot be eliminated by subsequent grinding. If no alarm is issued, it indicates that there are no protrusions or depressions on the outer wall of the circular casting or that the protrusions and depressions can be eliminated by subsequent grinding.
[0038] The controller controls the voltage input to the second electromagnet 418 and the electromagnetic clutch shaft 420 respectively, which weakens the magnetism of the bracket 401 and stops it from adsorbing the circular casting. The circular casting then rolls through the rolling groove to the grinding station. After rolling to the grinding station, the controller controls the voltage input to the first electromagnet 305, which generates a magnetic force to coaxially attract the first electromagnet 305. The controller also controls the voltage input to the first rotary drive 303, which drives the first electromagnet 305 to rotate through the first rotating shaft 304. The first electromagnet 305 drives the circular casting to rotate by magnetic attraction with the circular casting. Meanwhile, the electromagnetic clutch shaft 420 adjusts the current through the controller to quickly disconnect the first rotating shaft 304 from the transmission chain of the detection station, avoiding unnecessary energy consumption.
[0039] The horizontal plate 309 is lowered by opening the two-dimensional drive device 308. The lowered horizontal plate 309 drives the grinding wheel 313 and the extrusion wheel 331 to approach the outer wall of the circular casting. The grinding wheel 313 is rotated by opening the second rotary drive device 312. The rotating grinding wheel 313 grinds the outer wall of the circular casting, while the extrusion wheel 331 extrudes the circular casting on the opposite side of the grinding wheel 313. Air is continuously injected into the external pipe 321 through the connected air injection device. The air enters through the horn-shaped air inlet pipe 322, the air inlet tank 320 and the connecting pipe 317. Inside cylinder 315, the telescopic end of cylinder 315 continuously pushes sliding plate 310 to slide within the square groove. This, in turn, causes sliding plate 310 to continuously drive grinding wheel 313 (the grinding wheel 313 has an adjustable speed range of 500-3000 rpm and a feed speed of 0.1-1.0 mm / s, suitable for casting materials of different hardness, such as cast iron, cast steel, and aluminum alloys) to feed towards the outer wall of the circular casting. Because the outer surface of the circular casting has protruding defects, during the continuous grinding process of the grinding wheel 313 on the outer wall of the circular casting, the feed will... This increases the grinding resistance between the grinding wheel 313 and the circular casting, which can damage the grinding wheel 313. The increased grinding resistance causes the circular casting to roll within the rolling groove, squeezing the extrusion wheel 331 and causing the sliding sleeve 330 to slide against the outer wall of the sliding rod 328. Simultaneously, the second spring 329 is compressed. As the sliding sleeve 330 moves, it drives the electromagnet 332 to slide within the square groove. During the movement of the electromagnet 332, the magnetic attraction causes the round plug 325 to slide against the outer wall of the long shaft 324. The diameter of the flared air intake pipe 322 is relatively small... The larger end moves towards the smaller diameter end, reducing the airflow area within the horn-shaped air intake pipe 322 and increasing the air pressure. The first pressure detection element generates an electrical signal due to the increased air pressure. The controller controls the extension and retraction speed of the cylinder 315 by detecting the electrical signal generated by the first pressure detection element and slows down the rotational speed of the output end of the second rotary drive. Because the flow area within the horn-shaped air intake pipe 322 is reduced, the airflow cannot effectively pass through the air intake tank 320 and the connecting pipe 317 into the cylinder 315, and the extension and retraction speed of the cylinder 315 will decrease synchronously.
[0040] Therefore, during the grinding process of the grinding wheel 313 grinding the circular casting, if the single feed speed is too fast and the grinding resistance of the circular casting increases, the feed speed and grinding speed of the grinding wheel 313 can be effectively adjusted by the sliding of the plug 325 on the outer wall of the long shaft 324. Furthermore, the controller can adjust the voltage input to the first electromagnet 305 through the first pressure detection element, reducing the magnetic attraction of the first electromagnet 305 to the circular casting. The compressed second spring 329 will then push against the grinding wheel 313 through its compressed elastic force after the feed speed and rotation speed decrease. The moving sleeve 330 and the extrusion wheel 331 drive the circular casting to roll back to the grinding station. The driven sleeve 330 will synchronously drive the electromagnet 332 to make the plug 325 slide back to its original position on the outer wall of the long shaft 324. This allows the airflow to flow normally through the inner wall of the horn-shaped air inlet pipe 322 and enter the cylinder 315, driving the telescopic end of the cylinder 315 to extend and retract. Therefore, the feed speed and rotation speed of the circular casting are proportional to the air pressure generated by the movement of the plug 325 in the horn-shaped air inlet pipe 322 and the electrical signal generated by the first pressure detection element detecting the air pressure in the horn-shaped air inlet pipe 322.
[0041] During the grinding process of the grinding wheel 313 against the outer wall of the circular casting, if the outer wall of the circular casting has poor roughness, the rough surface may cause the grinding wheel 313 to experience greater grinding resistance, thus increasing the feed rate. Furthermore, as the grinding wheel 313 penetrates deeper, this may result in uneven surface quality on the circular casting after grinding, or even defects such as scratches and protrusions, affecting subsequent processing or use of the circular casting. During the increased feed rate, the grinding wheel 313 will compress the circular casting within the grinding station, and the range of motion will increase. The circular casting will also compress the compression wheel 331, the sliding sleeve 330, and the electromagnet 332, causing them to slide within the square groove. The electromagnet 332 will magnetically attract the round plug 325 to slide on the outer wall of the long shaft 324. If the circular casting's displacement due to compression is too large, the round plug 325 will completely block the horn-shaped air inlet pipe 322, preventing airflow from passing through the outer pipe 321 and the horn-shaped air inlet pipe. The airflow within the flared intake pipe 322 increases the air pressure. The first pressure sensing element generates an electrical signal due to this increased pressure, causing a decrease in the rotational speed of the grinding wheel 313 and the extension / retraction speed of the cylinder 315. Meanwhile, the inner wall of the flared intake pipe 322 is compressed by the round plug 325, causing the expansion section 327 to contact the inner wall of the air tank 320. The increased air pressure within the flared intake pipe 322 then overcomes the opening resistance of the pressure-type one-way valve 326. Force enters the pressurized space and increases the air pressure inside. The second pressure detection element detects the air pressure inside the pressurized space and generates an electrical signal. The controller controls the voltage input to the solenoid valve 316 through the generated electrical signal, causing the solenoid valve 316 to open and expel the air from the cylinder 315. The telescopic end of the cylinder 315 will retract due to the expulsion of air. During the retraction process, the sliding plate 310, the straight plate 311 and the grinding wheel 313 will retract together and move away from the circular casting.
[0042] It should be noted that during the rotation of the circular casting within the grinding station, a certain distance is maintained between the first electromagnet 305 and the circular casting. The magnetic force generated by the first electromagnet 305 attracts the circular casting to rotate, and this attraction force is greater than the force exerted by the grinding wheel 313 in contact with the circular casting during grinding, but less than the force required for a single feed of the grinding wheel 313 or for increased feed due to the poor surface roughness of the circular casting. In other words, during the normal feed of the grinding wheel 313 to grind the circular casting, the circular casting... The circular casting will not be displaced due to excessive feed speed when the grinding wheel 313 is infeeding. Only when the feed speed is too high due to excessive single feed or poor surface roughness of the circular casting will the circular casting be displaced. The resulting displacement will cause the round plug 325 to continue to move within the horn-shaped air intake pipe 322, creating a different air pressure between the air pressure inside the horn-shaped air intake pipe 322 and the pressurized space. The air pressure is used to adjust the moving speed and rotation speed of the grinding wheel 313, thus avoiding damage to the outer wall of the circular casting during the grinding process.
[0043] After the movement speed and rotation speed of the grinding wheel 313 are adjusted, the controller will delay disconnecting the voltage input to the solenoid valve 316 so that the solenoid valve 316 continues to exhaust air, preventing the air accumulated in the horn-shaped intake pipe and pressurized space from entering the cylinder 315 and causing the extension and retraction ends of the cylinder 315 to extend and retract rapidly.
[0044] It should also be noted that during the process of the circular casting being driven to move in the grinding station, the roller 301 is driven to rotate by the belt drive connection between the first short shaft 307 and the first rotating shaft 304. Therefore, the rotating roller 301, in conjunction with the second spring 329, squeezes the sliding sleeve 330 and the squeeze wheel 331, which will cause the circular casting to roll back into the grinding station. Thus, after the circular casting is displaced due to the feed of the grinding wheel 313, the circular casting will automatically return to the grinding station after the feed speed and rotation speed of the grinding wheel 313 are adjusted.
[0045] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.
Claims
1. A multi-station automatic grinding equipment for castings, characterized in that, include: The base plate (1) has a fixed seat (2) fixedly installed on its upper end surface. The inner wall of the fixed seat (2) is provided with a rolling groove. The two ends of the inner wall of the rolling groove are provided with a detection station and a grinding station. The bottom end of the rolling groove is inclined at the direction of the detection station and the grinding station. A grinding assembly (3) includes a grinding wheel (313) and a pressing wheel (331) disposed above the grinding station and driven to move. An air inlet (320) is disposed above the pressing wheel (331). A horn-shaped air inlet pipe (322) is disposed on the inner wall of the air inlet (320). A round plug (325) is disposed inside the horn-shaped air inlet pipe (322) near the end with the larger diameter. A fixed end is disposed inside the horn-shaped air inlet pipe (322) near the end with the smaller diameter. A first pressure detection element is fixedly installed. At least one pressure-type one-way valve (326) is embedded in the inner wall of the smaller diameter end of the horn-shaped air intake pipe (322). An expansion part (327) is integrally formed on the outer wall of the horn-shaped air intake pipe (322). A pressurized space is formed between the expansion part (327), the horn-shaped air intake pipe (322), and the air intake tank (320). A second pressure detection element is provided in the pressurized space. The first pressure detection element and the second pressure detection element are electrically connected to a controller.
2. The multi-station automatic grinding equipment for castings according to claim 1, characterized in that, A two-dimensional drive device (308) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base plate (1). A horizontal plate (309) is fixedly installed on the output end of the two-dimensional drive device (308). A square groove is opened in the horizontal plate (309). A sliding plate (310) is slidably installed on the inner wall of the square groove near the two-dimensional drive device (308). A cylinder (315) is fixedly installed between the sliding plate (310) and the square groove. The telescopic end of the cylinder (315) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (310). The cylinder (315) is connected to the air inlet tank (320) through a connecting pipe (317). A solenoid valve (316) is embedded in the outer wall of the cylinder (315). The solenoid valve (316) is connected to the control... The device is electrically connected. Inside the sliding plate (310) and below the horizontal plate (309), a straight plate (311) is embedded. A second rotary drive (312) is fixedly installed on one side of the straight plate (311). A grinding wheel (313) is rotatably installed on the inner wall of one end of the straight plate (311). Two second short shafts (314) are symmetrically rotatably installed on one side of the straight plate (311). One of the second short shafts (314) passes through the straight plate (311) and is fixedly connected to the grinding wheel (313). The output end of the second rotary drive (312) passes through the straight plate (311) and is fixedly connected to the other second short shaft (314). The two second short shafts (314) are connected by a belt drive.
3. The multi-station automatic grinding equipment for castings according to claim 2, characterized in that, A support plate (319) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the square groove at a position away from the sliding plate (310). The upper end of the support plate (319) is slidably connected to the air inlet tank (320). A baffle (318) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the horizontal plate (309) between the sliding plate (310) and the horizontal plate (309). A first spring is fixedly installed between the baffle (318) and the air inlet tank (320). The baffle (318) is slidably connected to the connecting pipe (317). One end of the air inlet tank (320) is connected to an external pipe (321), which is connected to an air supply device. The external pipe (321) passes through the air inlet tank (320) and is connected to a horn-shaped air inlet pipe (322). A cross (323) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the horn-shaped air inlet pipe (322). A long shaft (324) is fixedly installed on the side of the cross (323) away from the external pipe (321). The long shaft (324) is slidably connected to a round plug (325).
4. The multi-station automatic grinding equipment for castings according to claim 3, characterized in that, A slide rod (328) is fixedly installed on one side of the support plate (319). A sliding sleeve (330) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the slide rod (328). The lower inner wall of the sliding sleeve (330) is rotatably connected to the extrusion wheel (331). A disc is fixedly installed on one end of the slide rod (328). A second spring (329) is fixedly installed between the disc and the sliding sleeve (330). An electromagnet (332) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the outer wall of the sliding sleeve (330). The electromagnet (332) is magnetically attracted to the round plug (325).
5. The multi-station automatic grinding equipment for castings according to claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple rollers (301) are rotatably installed at the inner bottom of the rolling groove and at the corresponding grinding station. A first short shaft (307) is fixedly installed at one end of each roller (301). Each first short shaft (307) is connected by a belt drive. Two first rotating shafts (304) are embedded on both sides of the fixed seat (2) at the corresponding grinding station. A first electric disk (305) is fixedly installed at one end of each of the two first rotating shafts (304). The first electric disk (305) is electrically connected to the controller. An external frame (302) is fixedly installed on one side of the fixed seat (2) at the corresponding position of the first rotating shaft (304). A first rotary drive (303) is fixedly installed on one side of the external frame (302). The output end of the first rotary drive (303) passes through the external frame (302) and is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft (304). The first rotating shaft (304) is connected to the first short shaft (307) by a belt drive.
6. The multi-station automatic grinding equipment for castings according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a detection component (4), which includes a plurality of second rotating shafts (419) embedded on both sides of the fixed base (2) and at the corresponding detection station. A second electric disk (418) is fixedly installed at one end of the plurality of second rotating shafts (419). The second electric disk (418) is electrically connected to the controller. An electromagnetic clutch shaft (420) is fixedly installed at the opposite end of the second electric disk (418). The electromagnetic clutch shaft (420) is belt-driven connected to the first rotating shaft (304).
7. The multi-station automatic grinding equipment for castings according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fixing frame (405) is fixedly installed on one side of the fixing base (2) and at the corresponding testing station. A square plate (406) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fixing frame (405). A valve is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the square plate (406). An air bag (407) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the square plate (406). The air bag (407) is filled with pigment. An inlet pipe (408) is fixedly installed on one side of the fixing frame (405). One end of the inlet pipe (408) passes through the fixing frame (405) and communicates with the air bag (407). The other end of the inlet pipe (408) passes through the fixing base (2) and extends into the testing station. A delivery pipe (413) is fixedly installed at one end of the inlet pipe (408). One end of the inlet pipe (408) is symmetrically provided with an outlet (414). A sliding pipe (409) is slidably installed on the outer wall of the inlet pipe (408). A fixed round block (411) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sliding pipe (409). Two flow grooves (412) are symmetrically provided in the fixed round block (411). A support plate (415) is integrally formed on one end of the fixed round block (411). Multiple contact wheels (416) are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the support plate (415). A drain plate (417) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the support plate (415) at a position away from the contact wheels (416). An opening is provided inside the drain plate (417). A third spring (410) is fixedly installed between the sliding pipe (409) and the fixed frame (405).
8. The multi-station automatic grinding equipment for castings according to claim 1, characterized in that, A bracket (401) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base plate (1) at the corresponding detection station. A lifting plate (403) is slidably installed on the inner wall of the bracket (401). A lifting drive component (402) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the bracket (401). The telescopic end of the lifting drive component (402) passes through the bracket (401) and is fixedly connected to the lifting plate (403). A color detection element (404) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the lifting plate (403). The color detection element (404) is electrically connected to an alarm device through a controller.