Double-stage grinding surface fine grinding disc and oil stone surface processing equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a double-stage grinding surface grinding disc and an oil stone surface processing device, and relates to the technical field of oil stone processing, in particular to a double-stage grinding surface grinding disc and an oil stone surface processing device. The double-stage grinding surface grinding disc comprises a grinding disc body, the circular surface of the grinding disc body is a grinding working surface, and the grinding working surface comprises a fine grinding surface for fine-grit polishing and a coarse grinding surface for coarse-grit polishing. The fine grinding surface is arranged at the center area of the grinding working surface, and the coarse grinding surface is arranged around the fine grinding surface. The abrasive particle size of the fine grinding surface is finer than that of the coarse grinding surface. By integrating the fine grinding surface and the coarse grinding surface on the grinding working surface of the disc-shaped grinding disc body, the whole-process processing of the oil stone from coarse grinding to fine grinding can be realized without replacing the grinding disc, the disc changing time of the traditional equipment can be saved, and the processing efficiency is greatly improved. The coarse grinding and the fine grinding of the oil stone are completed on the same grinding disc, and the secondary positioning required after disc changing can be avoided, so that the problem of the decrease of the size precision and the surface flatness of the oil stone caused by the positioning deviation is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of oilstone processing equipment, and in particular to a two-stage grinding disc and oilstone surface processing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of oilstone production and processing, the precise grinding of the oilstone surface is a key process to ensure its subsequent performance. The oilstone surface needs to be cut and trimmed by a grinding disc to meet the usage requirements of oilstones of different grit sizes.

[0003] Currently, traditional grinding discs used for polishing oilstones mostly employ a single abrasive particle size design on their grinding working surface, which can only achieve rough or fine processing of the oilstone.

[0004] To complete the entire grinding process with an oilstone, from initial shaping (removing surface burrs and correcting the shape) to fine finishing (improving surface smoothness and calibrating grit size), operators need to frequently change grinding discs of the corresponding functions: first, use a coarse-grit grinding disc for initial grinding, then switch to a fine-grit grinding disc for fine finishing. This process not only increases the grinding disc replacement time and reduces the overall processing efficiency of the oilstone, but also easily leads to a decrease in the final dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness of the oilstone due to possible positioning deviations between the two grinding operations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a two-stage grinding disc and oilstone surface processing equipment.

[0006] To achieve the above technical objectives, this application provides a two-stage grinding disc, including a disc body, which is shaped like a disc, with its circular surface serving as its grinding working surface. The grinding working surface includes a fine grinding surface for fine-grit grinding and a coarse grinding surface for coarse-grit grinding. The fine grinding surface is located in the central region of the grinding working surface. The coarse grinding surface surrounds the fine grinding surface, and the abrasive grain size of the fine grinding surface is finer than that of the coarse grinding surface.

[0007] Furthermore, the finely ground surface protrudes more than the coarsely ground surface, forming a stepped height difference between the two surfaces, with the height difference ranging from 0.5 to 3 mm.

[0008] Furthermore, the abrasive particle size of the fine grinding surface is 200-400 mesh, and the abrasive particle size of the coarse grinding surface is 80-120 mesh.

[0009] Furthermore, chip removal grooves are provided on the fine grinding surface and / or the coarse grinding surface, which extend radially along the grinding disc body to discharge the chips generated during grinding.

[0010] Furthermore, the grinding working surface is provided with at least one ring of spray nozzles, which are connected to an external water supply device for spraying cooling water onto the grinding working surface.

[0011] Furthermore, the grinding working surface is provided with an inner ring spray nozzle and an outer ring spray nozzle; the inner ring spray nozzle is arranged around the fine grinding surface; the outer ring spray nozzle is arranged around the inner ring spray nozzle and is attached to the edge of the grinding disc body.

[0012] Furthermore, the number of water outlets in the outer ring of the spray nozzles is greater than the number of water outlets in the inner ring of the spray nozzles; and / or, the diameter of the water outlets in the outer ring of the spray nozzles is larger than the diameter of the water outlets in the inner ring of the spray nozzles.

[0013] Furthermore, the grinding disc body is equipped with a diversion channel that connects all the spray nozzles. The diversion channel is connected to the water supply equipment through a rotary joint. During the surface treatment of the oilstone, the cooling water supplied by the water supply equipment flows through the diversion channel to each spray nozzle, and then flows out through the spray nozzle to act on the oilstone.

[0014] Furthermore, the water outlet of the spray nozzle is tilted towards the grinding working surface at an angle of 15°-45°.

[0015] This application also provides an oilstone surface processing device, including two sets of the above-mentioned double-stage grinding discs, and a support device; the support device includes a support block and a limiting block, both of which extend along a first horizontal direction and pass through the two sets of oppositely arranged grinding discs, and the support block and the limiting block are arranged opposite each other in a vertical direction, and can cooperate to limit the oilstone; the oilstone can enter between the two sets of grinding discs along the support device, and the grinding discs rotate to achieve grinding of the oilstone.

[0016] This application provides a dual-stage grinding disc, including a disc body, the circular surface of which serves as its grinding working surface. The grinding working surface includes a fine grinding surface for fine-grit grinding and a coarse grinding surface for coarse-grit grinding. The fine grinding surface is located in the central region of the grinding working surface. The coarse grinding surface surrounds the fine grinding surface, and the abrasive grain size of the fine grinding surface is finer than that of the coarse grinding surface. By integrating the fine and coarse grinding surfaces on the grinding working surface of the disc-shaped grinding disc body, the entire process of oilstone grinding from coarse to fine can be achieved without changing the grinding disc, saving the disc-changing time of traditional equipment and thus greatly improving processing efficiency. The oilstone completes coarse and fine grinding on the same grinding disc, which also avoids the need for secondary positioning after changing the disc, thereby solving the problem of reduced dimensional accuracy and surface flatness of the oilstone caused by positioning deviation.

[0017] This application also provides an oilstone surface processing device, including two sets of the above-mentioned dual-stage grinding discs and a support device. The oilstone can enter between the two sets of grinding discs along the support device. The grinding discs rotate to grind the oilstone. The coarse grinding surface can quickly remove excess material from the surface of the oilstone and complete the initial shaping, while the fine grinding surface can accurately correct the coarse grinding marks and improve the surface precision. The two functions complement each other, covering the grinding needs of the oilstone from blank to finished product. It does not require multiple grinding disc devices, which can further reduce processing costs. Moreover, the integrated structure of the same grinding disc can ensure a smooth transition between coarse and fine grinding, avoid the connection error in traditional multi-grinding disc processing, and ensure the stable quality of the finished oilstone product. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a two-stage grinding disc provided in this application; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of an oilstone surface processing device provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0020] This application provides a two-stage grinding disc, including a grinding disc body 10, which is arranged in a disc shape, and the circular surface of the grinding disc body 10 is its grinding working surface; the grinding working surface includes a fine grinding surface 11 for fine-grit grinding and a coarse grinding surface 12 for coarse-grit grinding; the fine grinding surface 11 is located in the central region of the grinding working surface; the coarse grinding surface 12 is arranged around the fine grinding surface 11, and the abrasive particle size of the fine grinding surface 11 is finer than that of the coarse grinding surface 12.

[0021] For details, please refer to Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the grinding disc body 10 is generally disc-shaped and solid. The circular surface facing the oilstone on both axial sides is defined as the grinding working surface, used for direct contact with the oilstone for grinding. The central axis of the grinding disc body 10 serves as its rotation reference. An external drive device (such as a motor, not shown, but connected to the center of the grinding disc body 10) can drive it to rotate uniformly around the central axis, providing the power basis for grinding.

[0022] Continue to refer to Figure 1The fine grinding surface 11 is a circular area on the grinding working surface, and the center of this circular area is completely coincident with the central axis of the grinding disc body 10 (that is, the fine grinding surface 11 is located in the center area of ​​the grinding working surface), which is the functional area for achieving fine-grained grinding with an oilstone.

[0023] Continue to refer to Figure 1 The coarse grinding surface 12 is an annular area surrounding the fine grinding surface 11 on the grinding working surface. Its inner boundary is seamlessly connected to the outer circumference of the fine grinding surface 11, and its outer boundary is aligned with the outer circumference of the grinding disc body 10. The coarse grinding surface 12 and the fine grinding surface 11 work together to form a complete grinding working surface, which rotates synchronously with the grinding disc body 10.

[0024] During operation, the grinding disc body 10 rotates around its central axis under the drive of an external drive device, and the fine grinding surface 11 and the coarse grinding surface 12 on the grinding working surface rotate together. When the oilstone to be ground comes into contact with the grinding working surface, the coarse grinding surface 12 generates a strong cutting force due to its coarser abrasive grain size, which can quickly remove excess material (such as burrs and protrusions) from the surface of the oilstone and achieve preliminary shaping; while the fine grinding surface 11 generates a weaker cutting force due to its finer abrasive grain size, but can accurately correct the surface unevenness of the oilstone and achieve fine finishing; through the difference in grain size and position of the two, it adapts to the different grinding needs of the oilstone.

[0025] It is easy to understand that, since the fine grinding surface 11 has a finer abrasive grain size, it focuses on fine finishing, such as improving surface smoothness and calibrating the whetstone grain size; while since the coarse grinding surface 12 has a coarser abrasive grain size, it focuses on preliminary shaping, such as removing excess material and eliminating surface burrs.

[0026] In one embodiment, the oilstone is a blank with obvious protrusions, burrs or a shape that needs to be significantly modified (only rough machining is required, no fine precision is needed). In this case, only the coarse grinding surface 12 is needed for polishing.

[0027] Specifically, the external drive device is activated to rotate the grinding disc body 10 at a speed of 200-300 r / min (to meet the strong cutting requirements of coarse grinding). This brings the oilstone into contact with the coarse grinding surface 12. The coarse abrasive particles of the coarse grinding surface 12 rub against the surface of the oilstone, which can quickly cut off excess material. The initial shaping of the oilstone can be completed within 3-5 minutes.

[0028] In another embodiment, the oilstone has already undergone rough processing (such as pre-processing by other rough grinding equipment), and only its surface smoothness needs to be improved or calibrated to a fine grit. In this case, only the fine grinding surface 11 needs to be used for polishing.

[0029] It should be noted that if the size of the oilstone is smaller than the diameter of the fine grinding surface 11, the surface to be processed of the oilstone can be directly placed against the fine grinding surface 11 to achieve fine grinding. If the size of the oilstone is larger than the diameter of the fine grinding surface 11, the edge of the oilstone may accidentally contact the coarse grinding surface 12. In this case, the rotation speed of the grinding disc body 10 can be increased to 350-450 r / min. The high rotation speed can reduce the cutting force between the coarse grinding surface 12 and the edge of the oilstone, thereby reducing coarse grinding marks; or, the pressure of the oilstone on the grinding working surface can be reduced so that the coarse grinding surface 12 only slightly contacts the edge of the oilstone, ensuring that the main cutting action is borne by the fine grinding surface 11.

[0030] Specifically, the fine grinding surface 11 rotates with the grinding disc body 10, and its fine abrasive particles can perform fine friction on the surface of the oilstone, correcting the original minor unevenness. After 2-3 minutes, a fine grinding oilstone with a surface finish of Ra 0.8μm or less can be obtained. Even if the edge of the oilstone makes slight contact with the coarse grinding surface 12, due to the high rotation speed and low pressure, no obvious coarse grinding marks will be produced. On the contrary, the coarse grinding surface 12 can slightly remove the burrs on the edge of the oilstone, indirectly optimizing the fine grinding effect.

[0031] In another embodiment, without changing the grinding wheel, the oilstone is used to continuously perform rough and fine machining on the blank. In this case, both the rough grinding surface 12 and the fine grinding surface 11 are used.

[0032] Specifically, the surface of the oilstone to be processed first contacts the coarse grinding surface 12, and the grinding disc body 10 rotates at a speed of 250 r / min. The coarse abrasive of the coarse grinding surface 12 quickly removes burrs and protrusions from the surface of the oilstone (for 1-2 minutes, completing the initial shaping). While keeping the grinding disc body 10 rotating, the oilstone is slowly moved manually or mechanically to gradually transition the surface of the oilstone to be processed from the coarse grinding surface 12 to the fine grinding surface 11 (e.g., moving at a speed of 5 mm / s to ensure smooth connection of cutting marks). When the surface of the oilstone to be processed is completely in contact with the fine grinding surface 11, the speed of the grinding disc body 10 is adjusted to 400 r / min, and the fine abrasive of the fine grinding surface 11 is used to correct the coarse grinding marks and improve the surface smoothness (for 2 minutes).

[0033] The entire process does not require changing the grinding disc. By adjusting the position of the oilstone on the grinding working surface and the rotation speed of the grinding disc body 10, continuous operation of coarse grinding to remove material and fine grinding to finish can be achieved, ultimately resulting in an oilstone finished product with a regular shape and fine surface.

[0034] The dual-stage grinding disc provided in this application integrates a fine grinding surface 11 and a coarse grinding surface 12 on the grinding working surface of the disc-shaped grinding disc body 10. It can realize the entire process of oilstone processing from coarse to fine grinding without changing the grinding disc, which can save the disc changing time of traditional equipment and thus greatly improve the processing efficiency. The oilstone can complete coarse and fine grinding on the same grinding disc, which can also avoid the secondary positioning required after changing the disc, thereby solving the problem of reduced dimensional accuracy and surface flatness of oilstone caused by positioning deviation. The coarse grinding surface 12 can quickly remove excess material from the surface of the oilstone and complete the initial shaping, while the fine grinding surface 11 can accurately correct coarse grinding marks and improve surface accuracy. The two functions complement each other, covering the grinding needs of oilstone from blank to finished product. It does not rely on multiple grinding disc equipment, which can further reduce processing costs. Moreover, the integrated structure of the same grinding disc can ensure a smooth transition between coarse and fine grinding, avoid the connection error in traditional multi-grinding disc processing, and ensure the stable quality of finished oilstone products.

[0035] Optionally, the fine grinding surface 11 protrudes from the coarse grinding surface 12, and the fine grinding surface 11 and the coarse grinding surface 12 form a stepped height difference, the height difference of which ranges from 0.5 to 3 mm.

[0036] Specifically, the fine grinding surface 11, as a circular area located at the center of the grinding working surface, protrudes towards the direction of the oilstone to be ground; the coarse grinding surface 12, as an annular area surrounding the fine grinding surface 11, is concave relative to the fine grinding surface 11; a uniform annular transition surface is formed at the junction of the fine grinding surface 11 and the coarse grinding surface 12; the grinding working surface as a whole presents a shape that gradually sinks outward radially from the center of the grinding disc, and the vertical distance (height difference) between the top surface of the fine grinding surface 11 and the top surface of the coarse grinding surface 12 remains consistent throughout the junction, ensuring stable force when the oilstone contacts.

[0037] The fine grinding surface 11 and the coarse grinding surface 12 are arranged in a stepped form with a height difference. The physical isolation zone formed by the concavity of the coarse grinding surface 12 can prevent the debris generated by coarse grinding from splashing onto the fine grinding surface 11, thereby avoiding contamination of the fine grinding surface 11 and ensuring the precision of fine grinding. When the spray nozzle is set, the sprayed cooling water can flow naturally along the height difference between the fine grinding surface 11 and the coarse grinding surface 12, so as to continuously wash the grinding area and carry the debris to the edge of the grinding disc, thereby enhancing the cooling efficiency and chip removal effect. In addition, by adjusting the height of the oilstone in the support device, the contact area ratio between the oilstone and the fine grinding surface 11 can be adjusted, thereby flexibly adapting to different grinding fineness requirements and meeting more diverse processing requirements without the need to replace the grinding disc.

[0038] The height difference range is determined based on the actual working conditions and physical characteristics of oilstone grinding. The lower limit of 0.5mm is set because when the coarse grinding surface 12 is ground with 80-120 grit abrasive, the typical particle size of the grinding debris produced is 80-150μm. The height difference of 0.5mm is more than 3 times the maximum particle size of the grinding debris, which can effectively form a physical barrier to prevent coarse grinding debris from splashing to the fine grinding surface 11. If the height difference is less than 0.5mm, it is difficult to play a reliable isolation role. The upper limit of 3mm is set for two reasons. First, it takes into account the conventional parameters of oilstone processing (the aspect ratio is usually ≤5:1). If it exceeds 3mm, the oilstone will generate an overturning moment when it comes into contact with the grinding disc because one side is in contact with the raised fine grinding surface 11 and the other side is suspended or slightly in contact with the concave coarse grinding surface 12, which will cause the position to shift. Second, it is based on the surface tension characteristics of cooling water. 3mm is the critical drop of water flow on the surface of the grinding disc without falling off. If it exceeds 3mm, the water flow is prone to splashing when flowing from the fine grinding surface 11 to the coarse grinding surface 12, which cannot effectively cover the grinding area. Therefore, 0.5-3mm is determined to be a reasonable height difference range.

[0039] Optionally, the abrasive particle size of the fine grinding surface 11 is 200-400 mesh, and the abrasive particle size of the coarse grinding surface 12 is 80-120 mesh.

[0040] The fine grinding surface 11 uses 200-400 mesh abrasive particles, and the coarse grinding surface 12 uses 80-120 mesh abrasive particles. This is determined based on the functional requirements of oilstone coarse and fine grinding and the matching of industry-standard processing parameters.

[0041] The core function of the coarse grinding surface 12 is to quickly remove excess material (such as burrs and protrusions) from the surface of the oilstone and complete the initial shaping. The abrasive particle size of 80-120 mesh is in the medium-coarse range. The size of a single abrasive particle is relatively large (corresponding to a particle diameter of about 125-180μm). The number of particles per unit area is small, which can generate strong cutting force and is suitable for the coarse grinding requirements of "efficient material removal".

[0042] The core function of the fine grinding surface 11 is to correct coarse grinding marks and improve the smoothness and precision of the oilstone surface. The abrasive particle size of 200-400 mesh is in the fine particle size range. The size of a single abrasive particle is small (corresponding to a particle diameter of about 38-75μm). There are many particles per unit area, the cutting force is weak but the grinding precision is high. It can accurately eliminate the fine scratches left by coarse grinding and is suitable for the fine grinding needs of "fine finishing".

[0043] The difference in particle size between the two can form a complementary function of first removing material and then fine finishing, covering the entire grinding process of oilstone from raw material to finished product.

[0044] In one specific embodiment, an oilstone blank with dimensions of 100mm×20mm×10mm (with 0.5-1mm protrusions and burrs on the surface, which need to be processed into a finished oilstone with a smooth surface) is polished. During grinding, the surface of the oilstone to be processed is first brought into contact with the coarse grinding surface 12. The grinding disc body 10 rotates at a speed of 250 r / min, and the 80-120 mesh coarse abrasive grains quickly cut the protrusions and burrs. After 1.5-2 minutes, the protrusions on the surface of the oilstone are basically removed, and a regular shape is initially formed (at this time, there are still obvious coarse grinding scratches on the surface, and the roughness is about Ra3.2-6.3μm). Then, the oilstone is moved to the fine grinding surface 11, and the speed of the grinding disc body 10 is adjusted to 400 r / min. The 200-400 mesh fine abrasive grains are used to finely grind the surface after coarse grinding for 2-2.5 minutes. During this period, the fine abrasive grains on the fine grinding surface 11 gradually eliminate the coarse grinding scratches. The final oilstone product has no obvious burrs and scratches on the surface, the flatness error is controlled within 0.05 mm, and the roughness can reach Ra0.4-0.8μm.

[0045] Optionally, the fine grinding surface 11 and / or the coarse grinding surface 12 are provided with chip removal grooves 15, which extend radially along the grinding disc body 10 to discharge the chips generated during grinding.

[0046] For details, please refer to Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the chip removal groove 15 is a strip-shaped groove structure extending radially along the grinding disc body 10. Multiple chip removal grooves 15 are provided on both the fine grinding surface 11 and the coarse grinding surface 12. The chip removal grooves 15 on the fine grinding surface 11 extend radially towards the edge of the fine grinding surface 11, with the groove length consistent with the radius of the fine grinding surface 11. The chip removal grooves 15 on the coarse grinding surface 12 extend radially from the inner boundary of the coarse grinding surface 12 (the junction with the fine grinding surface 11) towards the outer circumferential edge of the grinding disc body 10. The width and depth of all chip removal grooves 15 remain uniform on their respective grinding surfaces, and the spacing between adjacent chip removal grooves 15 is equal.

[0047] When the grinding disc body 10 rotates around its central axis under the drive of an external drive device, the chips generated by the contact between the grinding stone and the fine grinding surface 11 or the coarse grinding surface 12 will naturally fall into the chip removal groove 15 on the corresponding grinding surface under the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the grinding disc. Since the chip removal groove 15 extends radially and the rotation direction of the grinding disc forms a suitable force angle with the extension direction of the chip removal groove 15, the chips will move from the center of the grinding disc to the edge along the groove of the chip removal groove 15, and finally be discharged from the outer circumference of the grinding disc body 10. The entire process does not require the addition of additional chip removal drive components, and continuous chip removal can be achieved solely by the centrifugal force of the grinding disc rotation.

[0048] The chip removal grooves 15 promptly remove grinding debris from the contact area between the grinding surface and the oilstone, preventing debris accumulation on the grinding surface (without the chip removal grooves 15, debris can easily get stuck between the abrasive particles, affecting the grinding cutting force and grinding accuracy). Furthermore, the regular distribution of the chip removal grooves 15 ensures more even force distribution on the grinding surface, reducing uneven wear caused by debris accumulation, extending the grinding disc's lifespan, and preventing damage to the oilstone surface from chip compression, further guaranteeing consistent oilstone processing quality.

[0049] Optionally, the grinding working surface is provided with at least one ring of spray nozzles, which are connected to an external water supply device for spraying cooling water onto the grinding working surface.

[0050] During the oilstone grinding process, the high-speed friction between the grinding surface and the oilstone surface generates a large amount of heat. If the heat accumulates, it will cause the abrasive to overheat and wear (for example, the coarse-grained abrasive of coarse grinding surface 12 is prone to softening due to high temperature, resulting in a decrease in cutting force). At the same time, the oilstone may have dimensional deviations due to thermal expansion and contraction. The cooling water sprayed from the spray nozzle can directly remove the heat from the grinding area, control the grinding surface temperature below 50℃, and avoid abrasive failure and oilstone thermal deformation.

[0051] A ring of spray nozzles, evenly spaced along the circumference, surrounds the grinding contact area. As the grinding disc rotates, the slowly flowing cooling water can flow along the grinding surface and act fully on the grinding surface and oilstone, ensuring a cooling effect.

[0052] Before grinding begins, the spray nozzles are connected to the external water supply equipment (such as a water tank or water pump) through pipes and rotary joints (connecting parts adapted to the rotation of the grinding disc) to ensure unobstructed water flow. The external drive device is started, and after the grinding disc body 10 rotates steadily at a set speed (such as 200-300 r / min for coarse grinding and 350-450 r / min for fine grinding), the water supply equipment is turned on. Cooling water flows through pipes into the distribution channel inside the grinding disc body 10 (connected to the spray nozzles), and is finally evenly sprayed onto the grinding contact area through the spray nozzles on the grinding working surface.

[0053] During the grinding process, the output flow rate of the water supply equipment can be adjusted according to the grinding conditions (such as increasing the water volume when there are many debris and high heat generation during coarse grinding, and decreasing the water volume when the precision requirements of fine grinding are high) to ensure that the cooling water accurately covers the grinding area.

[0054] Cooling water can work in conjunction with the chip removal groove 15 to flush away residual chips on the grinding surface, reduce the accumulation of chips in the abrasive gap, and further flush away the chips discharged from the chip removal groove 15 from the grinding disc body 10, thereby reducing the risk of grinding surface clogging.

[0055] Cooling water can also form a water film at the interface between the grinding surface and the oilstone, reducing direct frictional wear between the abrasive and the oilstone, lowering the probability of scratches during grinding, and preventing the surface roughness of the oilstone from increasing due to dry grinding, thus ensuring the precision of the finished oilstone product.

[0056] In one specific embodiment, the grinding working surface is provided with an inner ring spray nozzle 13 and an outer ring spray nozzle 14; the inner ring spray nozzle 13 is arranged around the fine grinding surface 11; the outer ring spray nozzle 14 is arranged around the inner ring spray nozzle 13 and is attached to the edge of the grinding disc body 10.

[0057] For details, please refer to Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the grinding working surface is provided with two rings of spray nozzles, namely the inner ring of spray nozzles 13 surrounding the fine grinding surface 11 and the outer ring of spray nozzles 14 surrounding the coarse grinding surface 12.

[0058] During use, depending on the grinding surface being used (fine grinding surface 11 alone or coarse grinding surface 12 alone), only the corresponding area's spray nozzles can be turned on to avoid wasting water resources while ensuring accurate water supply to the target area. Alternatively, you can try using the inner ring spray nozzles 13 and the outer ring spray nozzles 14 simultaneously to achieve synchronous cooling and cleaning of the two grinding surfaces, ensuring the efficiency and precision of continuous grinding.

[0059] Adding spray nozzles helps ensure the overall cooling, cleaning, and protection of the grinding disc.

[0060] Optionally, the number of water outlets of the outer ring spray nozzle 14 is greater than the number of water outlets of the inner ring spray nozzle 13.

[0061] The outer ring spray nozzles 14 cover the coarse grinding surface 12, which is the core area for "efficient material removal" in oilstone grinding. When the coarse grinding surface 12 comes into contact with the oilstone, the cutting force is strong, and the amount of debris generated per unit time is much greater than that of the fine grinding surface 11. Moreover, the heat generated by high-speed friction is more concentrated. At the same time, the coarse grinding surface 12 is an annular area surrounding the fine grinding surface 11, and its radial area is usually larger than that of the fine grinding surface 11. Based on the coarse grinding conditions of "large area, high heat generation, and high debris," more water outlets are needed to achieve uniform coverage and sufficient supply of cooling water. Therefore, the number of water outlets of the outer ring spray nozzles 14 is designed to be more than that of the inner ring spray nozzles 13 to avoid insufficient cooling of the coarse grinding surface 12 and incomplete debris flushing due to insufficient number of water outlets.

[0062] Furthermore, the increased number of water outlets creates a dense and uniform water flow coverage in the annular area of ​​the coarse grinding surface 12, avoiding the problem of "insufficient edge cooling and overheating in the center" in traditional single-ring designs with few water outlets. This helps to control the overall temperature of the coarse grinding surface 12 below 50°C, preventing the coarse abrasive from softening due to localized high temperatures and reducing cutting force. The cooling water sprayed from the increased number of water outlets can also form multiple independent water streams. Combined with the radial chip removal grooves 15 of the coarse grinding surface 12, this can quickly remove a large amount of coarse grinding debris from the grinding surface and guide it into the chip removal grooves 15, reducing the accumulation of debris in the abrasive gaps. The centrifugal force generated when the grinding disc rotates causes the water flow to tend to diffuse towards the edges. With more water outlets on the outer ring, under the action of centrifugal force, it can ensure that the water flow can completely cover the outer edge area of ​​the coarse grinding surface 12 (the area most prone to insufficient water flow due to centrifugal force), preventing excessive wear of the abrasive due to lack of cooling at the outer edge and helping to extend the service life of the coarse grinding surface 12.

[0063] Optionally, the outlet diameter of the outer ring spray nozzle 14 is larger than the outlet diameter of the inner ring spray nozzle 13.

[0064] The outer ring spray nozzle 14 corresponds to the coarse grinding surface 12, which is the key area for the oilstone to "initially shape and efficiently remove material". The coarse grinding surface 12 uses coarse abrasive, which has a strong cutting force during grinding and produces far more debris per unit time than the fine grinding surface 11. Moreover, the heat generated by high-speed friction is more concentrated. At the same time, the area of ​​the coarse grinding surface 12 is larger than that of the fine grinding surface 11, so more cooling water is needed to cover the entire coarse grinding area, remove heat and wash away debris.

[0065] The outlet diameter directly determines the flow rate of a single stream of water. A larger diameter allows the outer ring spray nozzles 14 to output more cooling water per unit time, which is suitable for the working conditions of the rough grinding surface 12, which are characterized by "high heat generation, high debris, and high water demand".

[0066] The fine grinding surface 11 corresponding to the inner ring spray nozzle 13 uses fine-grained abrasive, which generates less heat and produces fine and small-volume debris. Only a small amount of cooling water output from the small-diameter outlet is needed to meet the cooling and cleaning requirements, without the need for a large-diameter outlet to cause water waste or excessive water flow that affects the fine grinding accuracy.

[0067] To facilitate water intake into the spray nozzles (at least three spray nozzles per ring), the grinding disc body 10 is equipped with a diversion channel that connects all the spray nozzles. The diversion channel is connected to the water supply equipment via a rotary joint. During the surface treatment of the oilstone, the cooling water supplied by the water supply equipment flows through the diversion channel to each spray nozzle, and then flows out through the spray nozzle to act on the oilstone.

[0068] Specifically, the diversion channels are integrated inside the grinding disc body 10 (on the side close to the grinding working surface, without penetrating the grinding disc body 10 to avoid affecting the structural strength), and are symmetrically distributed with the central axis of the grinding disc body 10 as the reference.

[0069] When only one ring of spray nozzles is provided on the grinding working surface, the distribution channel includes a central main water inlet section, an annular main channel, and radial branch pipes. The central main water inlet section extends axially from the center of the non-grinding working circular surface (the side facing away from the oilstone) of the grinding disc body 10, without penetrating the grinding working surface, forming a cylindrical channel that serves as the main inlet for external cooling water to enter the grinding disc body 10. The diameter of the central main water inlet section matches the outlet end of the rotary joint to ensure unobstructed water flow. The annular main channel is located inside the grinding disc body 10 and is perpendicularly connected to the central main water inlet section. The annular main channel forms a closed loop around the central axis of the grinding disc body 10 (completely coinciding with the annular distribution trajectory of the spray nozzles), and the inner and outer diameters of the annular main channel correspond to the radial positions of the spray nozzles. Radial branch pipes extend from the annular main channel toward the spray nozzles, with one branch pipe corresponding to each spray nozzle. One end of the branch pipe is connected to the annular main channel, and the other end is directly connected to the spray nozzle.

[0070] When the grinding working surface is equipped with two (e.g., inner ring spray nozzle 13 and outer ring spray nozzle 14), three, or even more rings of spray nozzles, the diversion channel adopts a nested structure of "central main water inlet + multi-layer annular main channel + multi-layer branch pipe" (the number of layers corresponds to the number of rings of spray nozzles) to achieve independent diversion and synchronous water supply for different rings of spray nozzles. Specifically, the form of the central main water inlet section is consistent with the single-ring setting mentioned above, extending from the center of the non-grinding working circular surface of the grinding disc body 10 to the inside of the grinding disc, serving as the main inlet for cooling water. Its diameter increases appropriately with the increase of the number of spray nozzle rings (e.g., the diameter is 30%-50% larger than that of a single ring when there are two rings, ensuring that the total water supply meets the needs of multiple rings). The layered annular main channel is a closed annular channel arranged around the central axis of the grinding disc body 10, with the same number of spray nozzles. Multiple layers of annular main channels are nested sequentially from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the grinding disc (e.g., in the case of two rings, the inner ring main channel corresponds to the inner ring spray nozzle 13, and the outer ring main channel corresponds to the outer ring spray nozzle 14). Each layer of annular main channel is connected to the central main water inlet section, and sufficient spacing (≥5mm) is maintained between adjacent annular main channels to prevent leakage caused by mutual compression between channels. Each layer of annular main channel corresponds to a set of branch pipes, one end of which is connected to the corresponding annular main channel, and the other end is connected to the inlet end of the spray nozzle in the same ring.

[0071] By using a diversion channel, only one main water inlet is needed to achieve simultaneous water intake from multiple spray nozzles with multiple rings, thereby simplifying the water intake structure and avoiding the entanglement of the water intake pipes caused by the rotation of the grinding disc under complex design.

[0072] It should also be explained that the rotary joint is a water connection component adapted to the rotation of the grinding disc body 10. The rotary joint is divided into two parts: a fixed end and a rotating end. The fixed end is fixedly connected to the outlet pipe of the water supply equipment through a flange or threaded structure (the position does not change after installation). The rotating end is detachably connected to the central main water inlet section of the grinding disc body 10 through a sealing structure (such as a mechanical seal structure) (such as a threaded connection to ensure that the rotating end can rotate synchronously with the grinding disc body 10). When connecting, it is necessary to ensure that the central axis of the rotary joint is completely aligned with the central axis of the grinding disc body 10 to avoid the rotary joint being misaligned due to force when the grinding disc rotates, which would cause leakage. Before grinding, check the sealing condition of the rotary joint to ensure there is no leakage. Then, turn on the external water supply equipment. Cooling water first flows into the fixed end of the rotary joint, then enters the rotating end through the sealing gap between the fixed end and the rotating end (a gap that allows relative rotation), and finally flows into the distribution channel of the grinding disc body 10 from the rotating end. When the grinding disc body 10 rotates around the central axis under the drive of the external drive device, the rotating end of the rotary joint can rotate synchronously with the grinding disc, while the fixed end remains stationary. The two maintain water circuit connection and no leakage through the mechanical seal structure until the grinding operation is completed and the water supply equipment is turned off, at which point the rotary joint stops working with the grinding disc.

[0073] If the external water supply equipment is directly connected to the grinding disc body 10, the pipe will twist and entangle with the grinding disc when it rotates, which may cause the pipe to break or the water supply to be interrupted. The rotary joint, through the structure of "fixed end + rotating end", forms a relatively rotatable connection between the fixed pipe and the rotating grinding disc, which completely avoids the problem of pipe entanglement and ensures that the grinding operation can be carried out continuously.

[0074] Optionally, the water outlet of the spray nozzle is tilted towards the grinding working surface at an angle of 15°-45°.

[0075] Specifically, the spray nozzle is a cylindrical through hole extending from the inside of the grinding disc body 10 into the grinding working surface. This makes its axis (i.e., the center line of water flow) not perpendicular to the grinding working surface, but forming an acute angle of 15°-45° with the grinding working surface. Furthermore, the water outlet direction is inclined along the rotational tangent of the grinding disc body 10 and is in the opposite direction to the rotation of the grinding disc (for example, if the grinding disc body 10 rotates clockwise around the central axis, the water outlet direction of the spray nozzle is inclined counterclockwise). This allows the water to directly cover the contact area between the grinding surface and the oilstone after it flows out, rather than splashing outwards from the grinding disc.

[0076] When grinding with an oilstone, the contact area between the grinding surface and the oilstone is the core area for heat generation and debris production. If the water spray nozzles are vertical, the water flow is likely to bounce off the grinding surface or spread to the edge of the grinding stone, making it difficult to cover the contact area. The inclined water spray allows the water flow to follow the trajectory of the grinding surface, directly rinsing the contact area, ensuring that the cooling water is in full contact with the grinding surface and the oilstone, and avoiding localized cooling blind spots.

[0077] The direction of the inclined water flow is opposite to the rotation direction of the grinding disc, and it can also form a "reverse impact" with the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the grinding disc. The large-diameter debris generated by the coarse grinding surface 12 and the fine-particle debris generated by the fine grinding surface 11 will be quickly separated from the abrasive gap under the impact of the reverse inclined water flow, and then discharged along the chip discharge groove 15 with the water flow. Compared with vertical water discharge, it can effectively improve the chip cleaning efficiency and reduce the risk of clogging of the grinding surface.

[0078] If the tilt angle is less than 15° (e.g., 10°), the angle between the water flow and the grinding surface is too small, and the water flow will spread excessively along the grinding surface, making it difficult to concentrate on the grinding contact area. Especially for the inner ring spray nozzle 13, the grinding area of ​​the fine grinding surface 11 is concentrated near the center. The small tilt angle easily causes the water flow to spread to the coarse grinding surface 12, making it impossible to accurately cool the fine grinding area. At the same time, the impact pressure of the small angle water flow is insufficient, making it difficult to wash away the fine particles and debris attached to the fine grinding surface 11, and the cleaning effect is greatly reduced.

[0079] If the tilt angle is greater than 45° (e.g., 50°), the angle between the water flow and the grinding surface is too large. The water flow will impact the grinding surface in a "nearly vertical" trajectory and is easy to bounce off the grinding surface, resulting in a shortened cooling contact time and an inability to effectively remove grinding heat. At the same time, a large tilt angle will make the water flow more significantly affected by centrifugal force. The water flow from the outer ring spray nozzle 14 is easy to splash directly out of the grinding disc and cannot cover the outer edge area of ​​the coarse grinding surface 12, resulting in excessive wear of the abrasive in this area due to insufficient cooling.

[0080] Therefore, the tilt angle range of 15°-45° can ensure that the water flow accurately covers the polishing area, enhance the cooling and cleaning effect, and avoid water flow diffusion or splashing. It can adapt to the different position requirements of the inner and outer ring spray nozzles, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the oilstone polishing process.

[0081] This application also provides an oilstone surface processing device, including two sets of the above-mentioned double-stage grinding discs, and a support device; the support device includes a support block 21 and a limiting block 22, both of which extend along a first horizontal direction and pass through the two sets of oppositely arranged grinding discs, and the support block 21 and the limiting block 22 are arranged opposite each other in a vertical direction, and can cooperate to limit the oilstone; the oilstone can enter between the two sets of grinding discs along the support device, and the grinding discs rotate to achieve grinding of the oilstone.

[0082] For details, please refer to Figure 2In the illustrated embodiment, the first horizontal direction is the left-right direction. The support block 21 and the limiting block 22 are arranged opposite each other in the vertical direction and extend in the left-right direction. The support block 21 can support the oilstone from bottom to top, and the limiting block 22 can press against the oilstone from top to bottom. An oilstone channel is formed between the support block 21 and the limiting block 22, which can guide the oilstone to move towards the grinding wheel and limit the relative position of the oilstone and the grinding wheel, ensuring that the oilstone accurately contacts the grinding surface of the grinding wheel.

[0083] The oilstone surface processing equipment provided in this application includes two sets of grinding discs, which are symmetrically arranged with their grinding surfaces facing each other, and the central axes of the two sets of grinding discs are collinear (to ensure uniform grinding force during rotation). During grinding, the two sets of grinding discs cooperate to clamp the oilstone, enabling simultaneous processing of both surfaces of the oilstone.

[0084] The support device passes between the two sets of grinding discs, with a grinding gap reserved between them for the oilstone to pass through.

[0085] In one specific embodiment, the thickness of the oilstone to be polished is 8mm. The vertical distance between the support block 21 and the limiting block 22 is adjusted so that the distance is slightly greater than the thickness of the oilstone (e.g., 8.2mm), ensuring that the oilstone can be smoothly inserted without vertical wobbling. Simultaneously, both sets of grinding discs are started, rotating synchronously and in the same direction at a set speed (e.g., 250r / min for coarse grinding and 400r / min for fine grinding), and the spray nozzles are turned on. The bottom surface of the oilstone to be polished is placed into the oilstone channel, and the oilstone is slowly pushed along the first horizontal direction, allowing it to gradually enter the polishing gap from the outside of the two sets of grinding discs. During this process, the bottom surface of the limiting block 22 makes slight contact with the top surface of the oilstone (without excessive pressure) to prevent the oilstone from shifting upwards, ensuring that the oilstone is always in precise contact with the polishing surfaces of the two sets of grinding discs. After the oilstone fully enters the grinding gap, it is continuously pushed at a uniform speed along the first horizontal direction (the feed speed is set to 5-10 mm / s, adapted to the grinding disc speed). The coarse grinding surface 12 of the two sets of grinding discs first preliminarily shapes the two sides of the oilstone, removing burrs and protrusions. As the oilstone is fed, the fine grinding surface 11 further corrects the coarse grinding marks. Cooling water is sprayed out from the spray nozzles simultaneously to cool the grinding surface and wash away debris. After the oilstone has completely passed through the other side of the two sets of grinding discs, one grinding operation is completed.

[0086] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A two-stage grinding disc for fine grinding, characterized in that, It includes a grinding disc body (10), which is arranged in the shape of a disc, and the circular surface of the grinding disc body (10) is its grinding working surface; The grinding working surface includes a fine grinding surface (11) for fine-grained grinding and a coarse grinding surface (12) for coarse-grained grinding. The fine grinding surface (11) is located in the central region of the grinding working surface; The coarse grinding surface (12) is arranged around the fine grinding surface (11), and the abrasive particle size of the fine grinding surface (11) is finer than that of the coarse grinding surface (12).

2. The dual-stage grinding disc according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fine grinding surface (11) protrudes from the coarse grinding surface (12), and the fine grinding surface (11) and the coarse grinding surface (12) form a stepped height difference, the height difference of which ranges from 0.5 to 3 mm.

3. The dual-stage grinding disc according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fine grinding surface (11) has an abrasive particle size of 200-400 mesh, and the coarse grinding surface (12) has an abrasive particle size of 80-120 mesh.

4. The dual-stage grinding disc according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fine grinding surface (11) and / or the coarse grinding surface (12) are provided with chip removal grooves (15), which extend radially along the grinding disc body (10) and are used to discharge the chips generated during grinding.

5. The dual-stage grinding disc according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The grinding surface is provided with at least one ring of spray nozzles, which are connected to an external water supply device for spraying cooling water onto the grinding surface.

6. The dual-stage grinding disc according to claim 5, characterized in that, The grinding working surface is provided with an inner ring spray nozzle (13) and an outer ring spray nozzle (14). The inner ring spray nozzle (13) is arranged around the fine grinding surface (11); The outer ring spray nozzle (14) is arranged around the inner ring spray nozzle (13) and is attached to the edge of the grinding disc body (10).

7. The dual-stage grinding disc according to claim 6, characterized in that, The number of water outlets of the outer ring spray nozzle (14) is greater than the number of water outlets of the inner ring spray nozzle (13); And / or, the outlet diameter of the outer ring spray nozzle (14) is larger than the outlet diameter of the inner ring spray nozzle (13).

8. The dual-stage grinding disc according to claim 5, characterized in that, The grinding disc body (10) is provided with a diversion channel inside, which is connected to all of the spray nozzles; The diversion channel is connected to the water supply equipment via a rotary joint; During the surface treatment of the oilstone, the cooling water supplied by the water supply equipment flows through the diversion channel to each of the spray nozzles, and then flows out through the spray nozzles to act on the oilstone.

9. The dual-stage grinding disc according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water outlet of the spray nozzle is inclined towards the grinding working surface at an angle of 15°-45°.

10. An oilstone surface processing device, characterized in that, It includes two sets of dual-stage grinding discs as described in any one of claims 1-9, and also includes a support device; The support device includes a support block (21) and a limiting block (22). The support block (21) and the limiting block (22) are both extended along the first horizontal direction and pass through the two sets of grinding discs arranged opposite each other. The support block (21) and the limiting block (22) are arranged opposite each other in the vertical direction and can cooperate to limit the oilstone. The oilstone can be inserted between the two sets of grinding discs along the support device, and the grinding discs rotate to polish the oilstone.

Images