High-strength wind turbine blade pultruded sheet

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of high-strength wind power blade pultruded sheet, it is related to wind power blade manufacturing technical field, the pultruded sheet includes substrate and the fatigue-resistant buffer layer being arranged in the two sides of the substrate, further includes reinforcing main load-bearing layer, dispersion transition layer, surface protection composite layer and interface reinforcing layer. The three-dimensional fiber grid of reinforcing main load-bearing layer and multi-axial mixed fabric, cooperate ceramic short fiber column, make that sheet tensile strength is greatly promoted, bending strength is greatly promoted, with good tenacity simultaneously, can effectively resist sudden impact load;The substrate of the sheet uses the mechanical occlusion structure of corrugated reinforcing plate and groove, combines interface reinforcing layer, makes that interlaminar shear strength is greatly promoted, effectively prevents delamination failure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wind turbine blade manufacturing technology, specifically to a high-strength pultruded sheet for wind turbine blades. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous growth of global demand for clean energy, wind power, as a clean and renewable energy source, has been widely used and developed rapidly. Wind turbine blades, as a key component of wind turbine generators, directly affect the efficiency and reliability of wind power generation. Pultruded sheets are widely used in wind turbine blade manufacturing due to their advantages such as high production efficiency, relatively low cost, and ability to meet certain performance requirements. In practical applications, traditional pultruded sheets for wind turbine blades have limited overall strength and are unable to withstand the complex alternating loads generated by wind speed changes during wind power generation. This makes them prone to deformation and cracking, reducing the service life and power generation efficiency of wind turbine blades. Moreover, existing pultruded sheets do not perform well in terms of interlayer bonding strength, and delamination is prone to occur between layers, further weakening the overall performance of the sheet and increasing safety hazards of wind turbine blades. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention provides a high-strength pultruded sheet for wind turbine blades, which has the advantages of high strength and good interlayer bonding performance, thus solving the problems of easy deformation and delamination of existing pultruded sheets.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a high-strength pultruded sheet for wind turbine blades, comprising a substrate and fatigue-resistant buffer layers disposed on both sides of the substrate, further comprising a reinforcing main load-bearing layer, a dispersion transition layer, a surface protective composite layer, and an interface reinforcement layer, wherein: The substrate includes a foam core material, the foam core material is PMI foam, and the interface reinforcement layers are respectively disposed between each adjacent layer; The upper and lower surfaces of the foam core material are provided with slots, the surface of the slots is provided with wavy grooves, the slots are fitted with reinforcing plates, and one side of the reinforcing plate is provided with several protrusions, which are fitted with wavy grooves. The reinforcing plate is made of glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin. The reinforcing main load-bearing layer includes a three-dimensional woven mesh made of basalt fiber with a crisscrossing three-dimensional skeleton. Multiaxial mixed fabrics are interwoven inside the three-dimensional woven mesh. The interface reinforcement layer is made of glass fiber chopped strands and toughening resin.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the multiaxial blended fabric is made of glass fiber and carbon fiber, and the multiaxial blended fabric is laid in the directions of 0°, 45° and 90°, and a number of ceramic short fiber columns are arranged at intervals in the reinforcing main load-bearing layer.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the fatigue-resistant buffer layer is disposed on both sides of the substrate, the reinforcing main load-bearing layer is disposed on the outside of the fatigue-resistant buffer layer, and the interface reinforcement layer is treated with a silane coupling agent.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the fatigue-resistant buffer layer is made of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer and rubber particles, with the rubber particle content being 15%-20%.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the dispersion transition layer is disposed between the protective composite layers on the surface of the reinforced main load-bearing layer, and the dispersion transition layer is made of glass fiber chopped strand mat and resin composite.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the glass fiber content of the dispersion transition layer is 20%-25% on the side near the surface protective composite layer, and gradually increases to 35%-40% on the side near the reinforcing main load-bearing layer.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the surface protective composite layer is made of resin, and a blended fabric of aramid fiber and glass fiber is bonded to the surface of the resin. The surface of the blended fabric is coated with a hydrophobic coating made of titanium dioxide and fluorosilane.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a high-strength pultruded sheet for wind turbine blades, which has the following beneficial effects: the three-dimensional fiber mesh and multi-axial hybrid woven fabric of the main load-bearing layer of this utility model, combined with ceramic short fiber columns, greatly improve the tensile strength and bending strength of the sheet, while also having good toughness, which can effectively resist sudden impact loads; the substrate of the sheet adopts a mechanical interlocking structure of corrugated reinforcing plate and groove, combined with an interface reinforcing layer, which greatly improves the interlayer shear strength and effectively prevents delamination failure. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the foam core material of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reinforcing plate structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the reinforced main load-bearing layer of this utility model.

[0013] In the diagram: 1. Substrate; 2. Fatigue-resistant buffer layer; 3. Reinforced main load-bearing layer; 4. Dispersion transition layer; 5. Protective composite layer; 6. Interface reinforcement layer; 11. Foam core material; 111. Slot; 112. Wavy groove; 12. Reinforcing plate; 121. Raised strip; 31. Three-dimensional woven mesh; 32. Multi-axial blended fabric; 33. Ceramic short fiber column Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model. Example 1

[0015] Please see Figures 1-4 This utility model discloses a high-strength pultruded sheet for wind turbine blades, comprising a substrate 1 and fatigue-resistant buffer layers 2 disposed on both sides of the substrate 1, and further comprising a reinforcing main load-bearing layer 3, a dispersion transition layer 4, a surface protective composite layer 5, and an interface reinforcement layer 6, wherein: Substrate 1 includes foam core material 11, which is made of PMI foam, and interface reinforcement layers 6 are respectively disposed between each adjacent layer; Please refer to the appendix. Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 The upper and lower surfaces of the foam core material 11 are provided with slots 111, and the surface of the slots 111 is provided with wavy grooves 112. The slots 111 are fitted with reinforcing plates 12. One side of the reinforcing plates 12 is provided with several protrusions 121, which are fitted with the wavy grooves 112. The reinforcing plates 12 are made of glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin. Specifically, the reinforcing plates 12 and foam core material 11 of the substrate 1 form a mechanical interlocking structure through the wavy grooves 112 and the protrusions 121, which improves the shear resistance of the substrate 1. Please refer to the appendix. Figure 4 The main load-bearing layer 3 includes a three-dimensional woven mesh 31, which is made of basalt fiber and has a crisscross three-dimensional skeleton structure. Multiaxial mixed fabric 32 is interwoven inside the three-dimensional woven mesh 31. The interface reinforcement layer 6 is made of glass fiber chopped filaments and toughening resin composite. Specifically, the basalt fiber material has high strength and modulus, and the three-dimensional skeleton made of it can withstand large loads in all directions and is not easily deformed. At the same time, it has a low relative density, which can reduce the weight of the overall structure while ensuring strength.

[0016] The multiaxial blended fabric 32 is made of glass fiber and carbon fiber. The multiaxial blended fabric 32 is laid in the 0°, 45° and 90° directions. Several short ceramic fiber columns 33 are arranged at intervals in the main load-bearing layer 3. Specifically, the multi-angle direction laying of the multiaxial blended fabric 32 makes the main load-bearing layer 3 have excellent mechanical properties in both the plane and thickness directions.

[0017] The fatigue-resistant buffer layer 2 is disposed on both sides of the substrate 1, the reinforcing main load-bearing layer 3 is disposed on the outside of the fatigue-resistant buffer layer 2, and the interface reinforcement layer 6 is treated with a silane coupling agent. Specifically, the silane coupling agent molecule contains two groups with different properties. One end can react chemically with the glass fiber surface to form a chemical bond, and the other end can react with the resin matrix, thereby forming a chemical bond bridge between the glass fiber and the resin, which significantly improves the interfacial bonding force between the two.

[0018] The fatigue-resistant buffer layer 2 is made of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer and rubber particles, with the rubber particles content being 15%-20%. Specifically, the fatigue-resistant buffer layer 2, which is a composite of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer and rubber particles, can effectively absorb and buffer the energy generated by alternating loads, reducing the generation and propagation of fatigue cracks.

[0019] In this embodiment, the gradient density structure of the glass fiber chopped strand mat in the dispersion transition layer 4, combined with the resin composite layer, effectively disperses surface stress and avoids stress concentration. At the same time, the three-dimensional fiber mesh 31 and multi-axial mixed fabric 32 of the main load-bearing layer 3, along with the interlaced ceramic short fiber columns 33, enhance the tensile strength and flexural strength of the board, while also providing good toughness to effectively resist sudden impact loads. Combined with the glass fiber chopped strands in the interface reinforcement layer 6, which have a certain length and shape and are evenly distributed in the toughening resin, the mechanical interlocking between the resin and other layers is increased, limiting the relative sliding between the layers and thus effectively preventing delamination. Example 2

[0020] Based on the above embodiment 1, please refer to the appendix. Figure 1 The dispersion transition layer 4 is disposed between the surface protective composite layer 5 of the reinforcing main load-bearing layer 3 and the dispersion transition layer 4 is a composite material of glass fiber chopped strand mat and resin.

[0021] The glass fiber content of the dispersion transition layer 4 is 20%-25% on the side near the surface protective composite layer 5, and gradually increases to 35%-40% on the side near the reinforcing main load-bearing layer 3. Specifically, the glass fiber content gradually increases from the protective composite layer 5 to the reinforcing main load-bearing layer 3, forming a gradient density structure, which can effectively disperse surface stress and avoid stress concentration.

[0022] The surface protective composite layer 5 is made of resin, with a blend of aramid fiber and glass fiber laminated to the resin surface. The blended fabric is coated with a hydrophobic coating made of titanium dioxide and fluorosilane. Specifically, the aramid fiber has good wear resistance, improving the wear resistance of the board surface, while the fluorosilane has weak intermolecular forces, which can form a tightly packed molecular layer on the board surface, reducing surface energy and making it difficult for liquids to spread, thereby increasing the contact angle. Titanium dioxide can form a nanoscale micro-rough structure, which is further adjusted and optimized by being filled with fluorosilane. Through this synergistic effect, the liquid will form a stable gas-liquid interface on the composite surface, resulting in a further increase in the contact angle and achieving a superhydrophobic state.

[0023] In this embodiment, the glass fiber chopped strand mat with a gradient density structure in the dispersion transition layer 4, combined with the resin composite layer, can effectively disperse surface stress and avoid stress concentration. The coating composed of titanium dioxide and fluorosilane can make the contact angle of the board surface greater than 150°, effectively preventing rainwater and sand dust from adhering and accumulating. The blended fabric of aramid fiber and glass fiber has good wear resistance, enhancing the service life of the board.

[0024] The working principle and usage process of this utility model: After the pultruded sheet is produced into a high-strength wind turbine blade, in daily use, the coating of titanium dioxide and fluorosilane can make the contact angle of the sheet surface greater than 150°, effectively preventing rainwater and sand dust from adhering and accumulating. The blended fabric of aramid fiber and glass fiber has good wear resistance, which enhances the service life of the sheet. During the wind turbine blade power generation process, wind speed changes generate complex alternating loads. The glass fiber chopped strand mat and resin composite layer with gradient density structure of the dispersion transition layer 4 can effectively disperse surface stress and avoid stress concentration. At the same time, the three-dimensional fiber mesh 31 and multi-axial mixed fabric 32 of the main load-bearing layer 3, together with the interspersed ceramic short fiber columns 33, improve the tensile strength and bending strength of the plate, while also having good toughness, which can effectively resist sudden impact loads. The fatigue-resistant buffer layer 2, which is a composite of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer and rubber particles, can effectively absorb and buffer the energy generated by alternating loads, reducing the generation and propagation of fatigue cracks. The reinforcing plate 12 of the substrate 1 and the foam core material 11 form a mechanical interlocking structure through the corrugated groove 112 and the convex strip 121. Combined with the interface reinforcement layer 6, the interlaminar shear strength is greatly improved, effectively preventing delamination failure.

Claims

1. A high-strength pultruded sheet for wind turbine blades, comprising a substrate (1) and fatigue-resistant buffer layers (2) disposed on both sides of the substrate (1), characterized in that, It also includes a reinforced main load-bearing layer (3), a dispersion transition layer (4), a surface protective composite layer (5), and an interface reinforcement layer (6), wherein: The substrate (1) includes a foam core material (11), the foam core material (11) is made of PMI foam, and the interface reinforcement layer (6) is disposed between each adjacent layer; The foam core material (11) has slots (111) on its upper and lower surfaces. The slots (111) have wavy grooves (112) on their surfaces. The slots (111) fit into the reinforcing plate (12). The reinforcing plate (12) has several protrusions (121) on one side. The protrusions (121) fit into the wavy grooves (112). The reinforcing plate (12) is made of glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin. The reinforced main load-bearing layer (3) includes a three-dimensional woven mesh (31), which is made of basalt fiber and has a structure of crisscrossing three-dimensional skeleton. Multiaxial mixed fabric (32) is interwoven inside the three-dimensional woven mesh (31). The interface reinforcement layer (6) is made of glass fiber chopped strands and toughening resin composite.

2. The high-strength pultruded sheet for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiaxial blended fabric (32) is made of glass fiber and carbon fiber. The multiaxial blended fabric (32) is laid in the directions of 0°, 45° and 90°. Several ceramic short fiber columns (33) are arranged at intervals in the reinforcing main load-bearing layer (3).

3. The high-strength pultruded sheet for wind turbine blades according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fatigue-resistant buffer layer (2) is disposed on both sides of the substrate (1), the reinforcing main load-bearing layer (3) is disposed on the outside of the fatigue-resistant buffer layer (2), and the interface reinforcement layer (6) is treated with a silane coupling agent.

4. The high-strength pultruded sheet for wind turbine blades according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fatigue-resistant buffer layer (2) is made of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer and rubber particles.

5. The high-strength pultruded sheet for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersion transition layer (4) is disposed between the surface protective composite layer (5) of the reinforced main load-bearing layer (3), and the dispersion transition layer (4) is a composite of glass fiber chopped strand mat and resin.

6. The high-strength pultruded sheet for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface protective composite layer (5) is made of resin, and the surface of the resin is bonded with a blended fabric of aramid fiber and glass fiber, and the surface of the blended fabric is coated with a hydrophobic coating made of titanium dioxide and fluorosilane.

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