A high-voltage architecture for power batteries

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of power battery high voltage architecture, belong to new energy automobile power battery technical field, solve how to improve the problem of power battery high voltage loop security, the power battery high voltage architecture of the utility model uses separation protection mechanism, mutually isolate between vehicle drive power supply anode branch and high voltage accessory power supply anode branch, vehicle drive power supply anode branch and high voltage accessory power supply anode branch share cathode branch;When high voltage accessory short-circuit fault occurs, only cut off high voltage accessory power supply anode branch, vehicle drive power supply anode branch normal work, vehicle can still travel to safety area, vehicle drive power supply anode branch and high voltage accessory power supply anode branch are responsible for different use conditions respectively, improve the overall security and stability of vehicle;And high voltage accessory drive protection device is designed to replace traditional fuse, compared with the single protection function of fuse, high voltage accessory drive protection device can realize free replacement maintenance, to reduce maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of new energy vehicle power battery technology, and relates to a high-voltage architecture for power batteries. Background Technology

[0002] The current high-voltage architecture of new energy vehicle power batteries has two major drawbacks: 1) Single point of failure risk: When high-voltage accessories such as air conditioners short-circuit, the system can only cut off the entire high-voltage circuit, causing the vehicle to lose power and leading to a safety accident; 2) Uneven lifespan: The lifespan of the main positive relay is significantly shorter than that of the main negative relay due to frequent operation (especially when accessories are used while parked), reducing the overall durability of the battery system. Although existing technologies provide basic protection through pre-charging circuits and fuses, they cannot solve the problems of fault isolation and relay co-life optimization. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical solution of this utility model is used to solve the problem of how to improve the safety of the high-voltage circuit of a power battery.

[0004] This utility model solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution:

[0005] This utility model provides a high-voltage architecture for power batteries, suitable for various types of electric vehicles, especially those applications with high safety requirements and frequent use of on-board electrical appliances, such as special vehicles, RVs, and station wagons; it includes: a vehicle drive power supply positive branch, a high-voltage accessory power supply positive branch, and a negative branch; the vehicle drive power supply positive branch and the high-voltage accessory power supply positive branch are isolated from each other, and the vehicle drive power supply positive branch and the high-voltage accessory power supply positive branch share a negative branch; a high-voltage accessory drive protection device replaces the fuse and is connected in series in the high-voltage accessory power supply positive branch.

[0006] This utility model's high-voltage battery architecture employs a separation protection mechanism, isolating the vehicle drive power supply positive branch from the high-voltage accessory power supply positive branch. Both branches share a negative branch. In the event of a short-circuit fault in the high-voltage accessory, only the high-voltage accessory power supply positive branch is disconnected, while the vehicle drive power supply positive branch continues to operate normally, allowing the vehicle to still travel to a safe area. Furthermore, the vehicle drive power supply positive branch and the high-voltage accessory power supply positive branch are responsible for different operating conditions, ensuring no interference between them and improving the overall safety and stability of the vehicle. A high-voltage accessory drive protection device replaces the traditional fuse. The magnetic coil in the high-voltage accessory drive protection device detects the short-circuit current in real time, triggering the inductive circuit breaker to trip. After the fault is cleared, a resettable safety switch can be reset via a button. Compared to the single-use protection function of a fuse, the high-voltage accessory drive protection device eliminates the need for replacement and maintenance, thereby reducing maintenance costs.

[0007] Furthermore, the negative branch includes a negative relay; one end of the negative relay is connected to the negative terminal of the power battery pack, and the other end of the negative relay is connected to the negative input terminal of the motor controller.

[0008] Furthermore, the vehicle drive power supply positive branch includes: a main current sensor, a main fuse, a main positive relay, a main precharge relay, and a main precharge resistor; the main current sensor, the main fuse, and the main positive relay are connected in series, the non-series terminal of the main current sensor is connected to the positive terminal of the power battery pack, the non-series terminal of the main positive relay is connected to the positive input terminal of the motor controller, and the main precharge relay and the main precharge resistor are connected in series and then in parallel across the two ends of the main positive relay.

[0009] Furthermore, the positive power supply branch of the high-voltage accessory includes: an auxiliary current sensor, a high-voltage accessory drive protection device, an auxiliary pre-charge relay, an auxiliary pre-charge resistor, and an auxiliary positive relay; the auxiliary current sensor, the high-voltage accessory drive protection device, and the auxiliary positive relay are connected in series, the non-series terminal of the auxiliary current sensor is connected to the positive terminal of the power battery pack, the non-series terminal of the auxiliary positive relay is connected to the positive input terminal of the vehicle's high-voltage accessory, and the auxiliary pre-charge relay and the auxiliary pre-charge resistor are connected in series and then in parallel across the two ends of the auxiliary positive relay.

[0010] When the vehicle is in parking condition and high-voltage accessories are used, the high-voltage architecture of this utility model only requires the auxiliary positive relay to operate to open and close the positive power supply branch of the high-voltage accessories. The main positive relay does not need to operate, which reduces the number of times the main positive relay is switched on and off, thereby extending the service life of the main positive relay of the power battery.

[0011] Furthermore, the high-voltage architecture of the power battery also includes a fast charging circuit, which is connected between the positive and negative branches of the vehicle drive power supply.

[0012] Furthermore, the fast charging circuit includes: a fast charging interface, a fast charging positive relay, and a fast charging negative relay; the positive terminal of the fast charging interface is connected to one end of the fast charging positive relay, and the other end of the fast charging positive relay is connected between the main positive relay and the positive input terminal of the motor controller; the negative terminal of the fast charging interface is connected to one end of the fast charging negative relay, and the other end of the fast charging negative relay is connected between the negative relay and the negative input terminal of the motor controller.

[0013] Furthermore, the high-voltage architecture of the power battery also includes a slow charging / V2X circuit, which is connected between the positive and negative branches of the high-voltage accessory power supply.

[0014] Furthermore, the slow charging / V2X circuit includes: a slow charging / V2X interface; the positive terminal of the slow charging / V2X interface is connected between the auxiliary positive relay and the positive input terminal of the vehicle high-voltage accessory, and the negative terminal of the slow charging / V2X interface is connected between the negative relay and the negative input terminal of the motor controller.

[0015] The slow charging / V2X interface of this invention is directly connected to the high-voltage accessory power supply circuit. Slow charging usually takes a long time. During slow charging, only the auxiliary positive relay and auxiliary pre-charge relay, which have lower power consumption and faster response, need to be activated. The main positive relay does not need to be activated, which further reduces the number of times the main positive relay is switched, thereby extending the service life of the main positive relay of the power battery.

[0016] Furthermore, the high-voltage accessory drive protection device includes: an inductive circuit breaker, a battery, a magnetic induction coil, a voltage divider resistor, a diode, a voltage stabilizing capacitor, a resettable safety switch, and a button; the inductive circuit breaker 1 # Terminals and 2 # The terminals are connected in series in the positive branch of the high-voltage accessory power supply, and the 4 terminals of the induction circuit breaker are connected in series. # The terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the battery, and the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the resettable safety switch. # Terminal connection, can reset safety switch 2 # Terminals and inductive circuit breakers 3 # Terminal connections: one end of the voltage divider resistor is connected to the anode of the diode, and the cathode of the diode is connected to the 4th terminal of the resettable safety switch. # Terminal connections: the other end of the voltage divider resistor is connected to one end of the voltage regulator capacitor, and the other end of the voltage regulator capacitor is connected to the 3rd terminal of the resettable safety switch. # Terminal connection, one end of the magnetic coil is connected to the 3rd terminal of the resettable safety switch. # The terminals are connected, with the other end of the magnetic coil connected between the voltage divider resistor and the voltage regulator capacitor. The button is used to reset the resettable safety switch.

[0017] Preferably, the inductive circuit breaker 1 # Terminals and 2 # The terminal is connected in series in the line between the secondary current sensor and the secondary positive relay.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0019] 1) The high-voltage architecture of the power battery of this utility model adopts a separation protection mechanism, which isolates the positive terminal branch of the vehicle drive power supply from the positive terminal branch of the high-voltage accessory power supply. The positive terminal branch of the vehicle drive power supply and the positive terminal branch of the high-voltage accessory power supply share the negative terminal branch. When a short circuit fault occurs in the high-voltage accessory, only the positive terminal branch of the high-voltage accessory power supply is cut off, while the positive terminal branch of the vehicle drive power supply continues to operate normally, and the vehicle can still be driven to a safe area. Furthermore, the positive terminal branch of the vehicle drive power supply and the positive terminal branch of the high-voltage accessory power supply are responsible for different operating conditions, and there is no interference between different functional operating conditions, which improves the overall safety and stability of the vehicle. The high-voltage architecture of the power battery of this utility model is suitable for various types of electric vehicles, especially those application scenarios with high safety requirements and frequent use of vehicle electrical appliances, such as special vehicles, RVs, and station wagons.

[0020] 2) This utility model designs a high-voltage accessory drive protection device to replace the traditional fuse. The magnetic coil in the high-voltage accessory drive protection device detects the short-circuit current in real time and triggers the induction circuit breaker to disconnect. After the fault is cleared, the resettable safety switch can be reset by the button. Compared with the single protection function of the fuse, the high-voltage accessory drive protection device can achieve maintenance without replacement, thereby reducing maintenance costs.

[0021] 3) When the vehicle is in parking condition and high-voltage accessories are used, the high-voltage architecture of the power battery of this utility model only requires the auxiliary positive relay to operate to open and close the positive power supply branch of the high-voltage accessories. The main positive relay does not need to operate, which reduces the number of times the main positive relay is switched, thereby extending the service life of the main positive relay of the power battery.

[0022] 4) The slow charging / V2X interface of this utility model is directly connected to the high-voltage accessory power supply circuit. The slow charging mode usually takes a long time. During slow charging, only the auxiliary positive relay and auxiliary pre-charge relay with lower power consumption and faster response need to be activated. The main positive relay does not need to be activated, which further reduces the number of times the main positive relay is switched, thereby extending the service life of the main positive relay of the power battery.

[0023] 5) The design power of the high-voltage accessory power supply positive branch of this utility model is less than that of the vehicle drive power supply positive branch, and the high-voltage accessory power supply positive branch is designed with a high-voltage accessory drive protection device. Therefore, the safety protection of the high-voltage accessory power supply positive branch has higher accuracy and response than that of the vehicle drive power supply positive branch. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the high-voltage architecture of the power battery according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the high-voltage accessory drive protection device of the high-voltage architecture of the power battery according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a sequence diagram of the relay power-on and power-off operation of the high-voltage architecture of the power battery in Embodiment 1 of this utility model under vehicle driving conditions when no faults such as short circuits in high-voltage accessories occur.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a sequence diagram of the relay power-on and power-off operation of the high-voltage architecture of the power battery in Embodiment 1 of this utility model under vehicle driving conditions when a fault such as a short circuit in a high-voltage accessory occurs.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a sequence diagram of the relay power-on and power-off operation of the high-voltage architecture of the power battery in Embodiment 1 of this utility model under vehicle parking conditions.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a sequence diagram of the relay power-on and power-off operation of the high-voltage architecture of the power battery in Embodiment 1 of this utility model under vehicle slow charging / V2X conditions;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a sequence diagram of the relay power-on and power-off operation of the high-voltage architecture of the power battery in Embodiment 1 of this utility model under the vehicle fast charging condition.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-Drive positive high voltage interface, 2-Fast charging positive high voltage interface, 3-Fast charging negative high voltage interface, 4-Output negative high voltage interface, 5-Negative relay, 6-Power battery pack, 7-Main current sensor, 8-Main fuse, 9-Main positive relay, 10-Main pre-charge relay, 11-Main pre-charge resistor, 12-Fast charging positive relay, 13-Fast charging negative relay, 14-Auxiliary current sensor, 15-High voltage accessory drive protection device, 16-Auxiliary pre-charge relay 17-Secondary pre-charge resistor; 18-Secondary positive relay; 19-Auxiliary (slow charging) positive high voltage interface; 20-Battery switching unit (BDU); 21-Fast charging interface; 22-Slow charging / V2X interface; 23-Vehicle high voltage accessory; 24-Motor controller; 25-Drive motor; 26-Inductive circuit breaker; 27-Battery; 28-Magnetic coil; 29-Voltage divider resistor; 30-Diode; 31-Voltage stabilizing capacitor; 32-Resettable safety switch; 33-Button. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0033] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the high-voltage architecture of a power battery provided in this embodiment includes: a drive positive high-voltage interface 1, a fast-charging positive high-voltage interface 2, a fast-charging negative high-voltage interface 3, an output negative high-voltage interface 4, a power battery pack 6, an auxiliary (slow-charging) positive high-voltage interface 19, a battery switching unit (BDU) 20, a fast-charging interface 21, a slow-charging / V2X interface 22, a vehicle high-voltage accessory 23, a motor controller 24, and a drive motor 25; the battery switching unit (BDU) 20 includes: a negative relay 5, a main current sensor 7, a main fuse 8, a main positive relay 9, a main pre-charge relay 10, a main pre-charge resistor 11, a fast-charging positive relay 12, a fast-charging negative relay 13, an auxiliary current sensor 14, a high-voltage accessory drive protection device 15, an auxiliary pre-charge relay 16, an auxiliary pre-charge resistor 17, and an auxiliary positive relay 18; wherein, V2X (Vehicle to X) means: vehicle wireless communication.

[0036] The positive terminal of the power battery pack 6 is connected to one end of the main current sensor 7 and the auxiliary current sensor 14, respectively. The other end of the main current sensor 7 is connected to one end of the main fuse 8, the other end of the main fuse 8 is connected to one end of the main positive relay 9, the other end of the main positive relay 9 is connected to the drive positive high voltage interface 1, and the drive positive high voltage interface 1 is connected to the positive input terminal of the motor controller 24. The main precharge relay 10 and the main precharge resistor 11 are connected in series and then in parallel across the two ends of the main positive relay 9. The other end of the auxiliary current sensor 14 is connected to one end of the high voltage accessory drive protection device 15, the other end of the high voltage accessory drive protection device 15 is connected to one end of the auxiliary positive relay 18, the other end of the auxiliary positive relay 18 is connected to the auxiliary (slow charging) positive high voltage interface 19, the auxiliary (slow charging) positive high voltage interface 19 is connected to the positive input terminal of the vehicle high voltage accessory 23, and the negative input terminal of the vehicle high voltage accessory 23 is connected to the output negative high voltage interface 4. The auxiliary precharge relay 16 and the auxiliary precharge resistor 17 are connected in series and then in parallel across the two ends of the auxiliary positive relay 18. The negative terminal of the power battery pack 6 is connected to one end of the negative relay 5, and the other end of the negative relay 5 is connected to the output negative high-voltage interface 4. The output negative high-voltage interface 4 is connected to the negative input terminal of the motor controller 24, and the output terminal of the motor controller 24 is connected to the drive motor 25. The positive terminal of the fast charging interface 21 is connected to the fast charging positive high-voltage interface 2, and the fast charging positive high-voltage interface 2 is connected to one end of the fast charging positive relay 12. The other end of the fast charging positive relay 12 is connected between the main positive relay 9 and the drive positive high-voltage interface 1. The negative terminal of the fast charging interface 21... The fast charging negative high voltage interface 3 is connected to one end of the fast charging negative high voltage interface 3, and the other end of the fast charging negative high voltage relay 13 is connected between the negative relay 5 and the output negative high voltage interface 4; the positive terminal of the slow charging / V2X interface 22 is connected between the auxiliary slow charging positive high voltage interface 19 and the vehicle high voltage accessory 23, the negative terminal of the slow charging / V2X interface 22 is connected between the output negative high voltage interface 4 and the motor controller 24, and the negative terminal of the slow charging / V2X interface 22 is also connected to the negative terminal of the input terminal of the vehicle high voltage accessory 23.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, the high-voltage accessory drive protection device 15 includes: an inductive circuit breaker 26, a battery 27, a magnetic induction coil 28, a voltage divider resistor 29, a diode 30, a voltage stabilizing capacitor 31, a resettable safety switch 32, and a button 33; the inductive circuit breaker 26 has a 1 # Terminals and 2 # The terminals are connected in series in the circuit between the secondary current sensor 14 and the secondary positive relay 18, and the 4th terminal of the inductive circuit breaker 26 # The terminal is connected to the negative terminal of battery 27, and the positive terminal of battery 27 is connected to the 1 terminal of resettable safety switch 32. # Terminal connection, resettable safety switch 32 2 # Terminals and inductive circuit breaker 26 of 3 #Terminal connections: one end of voltage divider resistor 29 is connected to the anode of diode 30, and the cathode of diode 30 is connected to the 4-pin terminal of resettable safety switch 32. # Terminal connections: the other end of voltage divider resistor 29 is connected to one end of voltage regulator capacitor 31, and the other end of voltage regulator capacitor 31 is connected to the third terminal of resettable safety switch 32. # Terminal connection, one end of the magnetic coil 28 is connected to the 3rd terminal of the resettable safety switch 32. # The other end of the magnetic coil 28 is connected between the voltage divider resistor 29 and the voltage regulator capacitor 31. The button 33 is used to reset the resettable safety switch 32.

[0038] Under normal operating conditions: the inductive circuit breaker 26 is normally closed, and the battery 27 supplies power to the inductive circuit breaker 26 through the resettable safety switch 32; when the circuit is working normally, the resettable safety switch 32 is open.

[0039] Short circuit condition: When a short circuit occurs in the power supply circuit of the high-voltage accessory, the current in the circuit will rise to a large value in a very short time. At this time, the magnetic induction coil 28 will generate a back electromotive force, which will drive the resettable safety switch 32 to close through the voltage divider resistor 29 and the diode 30. After the resettable safety switch 32 is closed, the battery 27 will supply power to the inductive circuit breaker 26 to disconnect it. After the short circuit fault is repaired, the resettable safety switch 32 will be disconnected by the button 33.

[0040] The high-voltage architecture of the power battery in this embodiment includes five typical operating conditions: vehicle driving condition (no faults such as short circuits in high-voltage accessories), vehicle driving condition (faults such as short circuits in high-voltage accessories), vehicle parking condition, vehicle slow charging / V2X condition, and vehicle fast charging condition. The following describes the relay power-on and power-off sequence for each of these five typical operating conditions:

[0041] (1) Vehicle operating conditions (no faults such as short circuits in high-voltage accessories occurred).

[0042] like Figure 3 The diagram shown is a sequence diagram of the relay power-on and power-off operation of the high-voltage architecture of the power battery under vehicle driving conditions when no faults such as short circuits in the high-voltage accessories occur.

[0043] Power-on process:

[0044] When the battery switching unit (BDU) 20 receives a drive power-on request (by default, it also receives a high-voltage accessory power-on request at the same time), it should first ensure a fast response of the vehicle drive power supply circuit. Therefore, it first closes the negative relay 5, then closes the main precharge relay 10 to precharge the vehicle drive power supply circuit. When the precharge is completed, it closes the main positive relay 9, and then opens the main precharge relay 10 to complete the power-on of the vehicle drive power supply circuit.

[0045] At this point, the vehicle is ready to drive. Then, the secondary pre-charge relay 16 is closed to begin pre-charging the high-voltage accessory power supply circuit. Once the pre-charging is successful, the secondary positive relay 18 is closed, and then the secondary pre-charge relay 16 is disconnected to power up the high-voltage accessory power supply circuit.

[0046] Power-off process:

[0047] When the battery switching unit (BDU) 20 receives a power-down request, it waits for the main current sensor 7 to detect a current below a certain threshold before disconnecting the main positive relay 9. The high-voltage accessory power supply circuit remains powered, allowing onboard high-voltage accessories such as air conditioners and refrigerators to continue operating normally. When the power battery switching unit (BDU) 20 receives a power-down request for a high-voltage accessory, it waits for the auxiliary current sensor 14 to detect a current below a certain threshold before disconnecting the auxiliary positive relay 18, and then, after a certain delay, disconnects the negative relay 5 to complete the power-down process.

[0048] (2) Vehicle operating conditions (faults such as short circuits in high-voltage accessories)

[0049] like Figure 4 The diagram shown illustrates the relay power-on / off sequence of the high-voltage architecture of the power battery under vehicle driving conditions when a fault such as a short circuit in a high-voltage accessory occurs.

[0050] Power-on process:

[0051] The operating conditions are the same as those of the vehicle (no faults such as short circuits in high-voltage accessories occurred), so they will not be repeated here.

[0052] Power-off process:

[0053] When the battery switching unit (BDU) 20 detects a fault such as a short circuit in the high-voltage accessory, it immediately disconnects the secondary positive relay 18 to disconnect the power supply circuit of the high-voltage accessory. The vehicle drive power supply circuit remains powered to allow the vehicle to travel to a safe area. When the battery switching unit (BDU) 20 receives a drive power-off request, it waits for the main current sensor 7 to collect a current that is less than a certain threshold before disconnecting the main positive relay 9. Then, after a certain delay, it disconnects the negative relay 5 to complete the power-off.

[0054] (3) Vehicle parking conditions

[0055] like Figure 5 The diagram shown is a sequence diagram of the relay power-on and power-off operation of the high-voltage architecture of the power battery under vehicle parking conditions.

[0056] Power-on process:

[0057] In the parking mode, no vehicle drive is required; only the high-voltage accessory needs to work. When the battery switching unit (BDU) 20 receives a power-on request for the high-voltage accessory, it first closes the negative relay 5, and then closes the secondary pre-charge relay 16 to begin pre-charging the power supply circuit of the high-voltage accessory. Once the pre-charging is successful, the secondary positive relay 18 closes, and then the secondary pre-charge relay 16 is opened to complete the power supply circuit of the high-voltage accessory.

[0058] Power-off process:

[0059] When the battery switching unit (BDU) 20 receives a power-off request from the high-voltage accessory, it waits for the auxiliary current sensor 14 to collect a current that is less than a certain threshold before disconnecting the auxiliary positive relay 18, and then disconnects the negative relay 5 after a certain delay to complete the power-off.

[0060] (4) Vehicle slow charging / V2X working condition

[0061] like Figure 6 The diagram shown is a sequence diagram of the relay power-on and power-off operation of the high-voltage architecture of the power battery under vehicle slow charging / V2X conditions.

[0062] Power-on process:

[0063] When the battery switching unit (BDU) 20 receives a slow charging / V2X power-on request, the relay action sequence is the same as that of the vehicle parking condition, requiring only the high-voltage accessory power supply circuit to be closed.

[0064] Power-off process:

[0065] When the battery switching unit (BDU) 20 receives a slow charging / V2X power-off request, the relay action sequence is the same as that of the vehicle parking condition, and the main positive relay 9 and the main pre-charge relay 10 do not need to be activated.

[0066] (5) Vehicle fast charging conditions

[0067] like Figure 7 The diagram shown is a sequence diagram of the relay power-on and power-off operation of the high-voltage architecture of the power battery under the fast charging condition of the vehicle.

[0068] Power-on process:

[0069] When the Battery Switching Unit (BDU) 20 receives a fast charging power-on request, it first closes the negative relay 5, then closes the main pre-charge relay 10 to pre-charge the vehicle's fast charging circuit. Once the pre-charging of this circuit is complete, it closes the main positive relay 9 and then opens the main pre-charge relay 10. After the negative relay 5 and the main positive relay 9 are closed, it first closes the fast charging positive relay 12, then closes the fast charging negative relay 13 to complete the fast charging circuit power-on. When the Battery Switching Unit (BDU) 20 receives a high-voltage accessory power-on request during fast charging, it closes the auxiliary pre-charge relay 16 to begin pre-charging the high-voltage accessory power supply circuit. Once the pre-charging is successful, it closes the auxiliary positive relay 18 and then opens the auxiliary pre-charge relay 16 to complete the high-voltage accessory power supply circuit power-on.

[0070] Power-off process:

[0071] When fast charging is complete or the battery switching unit (BDU) 20 receives a fast charging power-off request, it first disconnects the fast charging negative relay 13, and then sequentially disconnects the fast charging positive relay 12 and the main positive relay 9 to complete the fast charging circuit power-off. When the battery switching unit (BDU) 20 receives a high-voltage accessory power-off request, it waits for the auxiliary current sensor 14 to collect a current less than a certain threshold before disconnecting the auxiliary positive relay 18, and then disconnects the negative relay 5 after a certain delay to complete the high-voltage accessory power supply circuit power-off.

[0072] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-voltage architecture for a power battery, characterized in that, include: The system includes a vehicle drive power supply positive branch, a high-voltage accessory power supply positive branch, and a negative branch; the vehicle drive power supply positive branch and the high-voltage accessory power supply positive branch are isolated from each other, and the vehicle drive power supply positive branch and the high-voltage accessory power supply positive branch share a negative branch; the high-voltage accessory drive protection device is connected in series in the high-voltage accessory power supply positive branch.

2. The high-voltage architecture of the power battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative branch includes a negative relay; one end of the negative relay is connected to the negative terminal of the power battery pack, and the other end of the negative relay is connected to the negative input terminal of the motor controller.

3. The high-voltage architecture of the power battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vehicle drive power supply positive branch includes: a main current sensor, a main fuse, a main positive relay, a main precharge relay, and a main precharge resistor; the main current sensor, the main fuse, and the main positive relay are connected in series, the non-series terminal of the main current sensor is connected to the positive terminal of the power battery pack, the non-series terminal of the main positive relay is connected to the positive input terminal of the motor controller, and the main precharge relay and the main precharge resistor are connected in series and then in parallel across the two ends of the main positive relay.

4. The high-voltage architecture of the power battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positive power supply branch of the high-voltage accessory includes: an auxiliary current sensor, a high-voltage accessory drive protection device, an auxiliary pre-charge relay, an auxiliary pre-charge resistor, and an auxiliary positive relay; the auxiliary current sensor, the high-voltage accessory drive protection device, and the auxiliary positive relay are connected in series, the non-series terminal of the auxiliary current sensor is connected to the positive terminal of the power battery pack, the non-series terminal of the auxiliary positive relay is connected to the positive input terminal of the vehicle's high-voltage accessory, and the auxiliary pre-charge relay and the auxiliary pre-charge resistor are connected in series and then in parallel across the two ends of the auxiliary positive relay.

5. The high-voltage architecture of the power battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a fast charging circuit, which is connected between the positive and negative branches of the vehicle drive power supply.

6. The high-voltage architecture of the power battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fast charging circuit includes: a fast charging interface, a fast charging positive relay, and a fast charging negative relay; the positive terminal of the fast charging interface is connected to one end of the fast charging positive relay, and the other end of the fast charging positive relay is connected between the main positive relay and the positive input terminal of the motor controller; the negative terminal of the fast charging interface is connected to one end of the fast charging negative relay, and the other end of the fast charging negative relay is connected between the negative relay and the negative input terminal of the motor controller.

7. The high-voltage architecture of the power battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a slow charging / V2X circuit, which is connected between the positive and negative branches of the high-voltage accessory power supply.

8. The high-voltage architecture of the power battery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The slow charging / V2X circuit includes: a slow charging / V2X interface; the positive terminal of the slow charging / V2X interface is connected between the positive terminal of the auxiliary positive relay and the positive terminal of the input of the vehicle high-voltage accessory, and the negative terminal of the slow charging / V2X interface is connected between the negative relay and the negative terminal of the input of the motor controller.

9. The high-voltage architecture of the power battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-voltage accessory drive protection device includes: an inductive circuit breaker, a battery, a magnetic induction coil, a voltage divider resistor, a diode, a voltage stabilizing capacitor, a resettable safety switch, and a button; the inductive circuit breaker 1 # Terminals and 2 # The terminals are connected in series in the positive branch of the high-voltage accessory power supply, and the 4 terminals of the induction circuit breaker are connected in series. # The terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the battery, and the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the resettable safety switch. # Terminal connection, can reset safety switch 2 # Terminals and inductive circuit breakers 3 # Terminal connections: one end of the voltage divider resistor is connected to the anode of the diode, and the cathode of the diode is connected to the 4th terminal of the resettable safety switch. # Terminal connections: the other end of the voltage divider resistor is connected to one end of the voltage regulator capacitor, and the other end of the voltage regulator capacitor is connected to the 3rd terminal of the resettable safety switch. # Terminal connection, one end of the magnetic coil is connected to the 3rd terminal of the resettable safety switch. # The terminals are connected, with the other end of the magnetic coil connected between the voltage divider resistor and the voltage regulator capacitor. The button is used to reset the resettable safety switch.

10. The high-voltage architecture of the power battery according to claim 9, characterized in that, The inductive circuit breaker 1 # Terminals and 2 # The terminal is connected in series in the line between the secondary current sensor and the secondary positive relay.

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