Automatic adjustment device for catenary compensation

Abstract

The utility model discloses a contact net compensation automation adjusting device, including compensation rope and plummet, and compensation rope is connected with plummet through telescopic mechanism, and telescopic mechanism is connected with control system, still including temperature sensor and / or position sensor connected with control system, and temperature sensor is used for monitoring ambient temperature, and position sensor is used for monitoring plummet position, the utility model discloses with controllable telescopic mechanism such as servo electric cylinder as the executing mechanism, can by program control and carry out automation operation, has replaced traditional artificial climbing operation, through sensor and control system, can real -time perception and immediately start adjustment, can realize advance or synchronous adjustment, thoroughly eliminates adjustment hysteresis, can make compensation device always be in the best working condition, greatly promotes the security and reliability of contact net system, greatly reduces the frequency and intensity of artificial inspection and adjustment, reduces the manual cost and labor safety risk, realizes the intelligent and few people of operation and maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of contact wire compensation devices, specifically relating to an automated adjustment device for contact wire compensation. Background Technology

[0002] The operation of electrified railways and subways relies on the overhead contact system to provide a stable power supply to electric locomotives or EMU trains. Flexible overhead contact systems are widely used due to their simple structure and low cost. The overhead contact wires (catcher wire and contact wire) are made of metal, and their length undergoes significant thermal expansion and contraction with changes in ambient temperature. To ensure power quality and proper current collection by the pantograph, the contact wire must maintain a constant tension. Compensation devices (such as ratchet compensation devices) are key equipment for solving this problem. They provide constant tension to the wire by suspending a weighted weight. When the temperature rises, the wire elongates, and the weight descends; when the temperature falls, the wire shortens, and the weight rises. Theoretically, the displacement of the weight should exactly offset the change in wire length. However, in practical applications, especially in areas with extreme annual or daily temperature differences, the expansion and contraction of the wire is very large. This often causes the displacement of the weight to exceed the designed safety range (i.e., the A and B values ​​exceed the limits). If the value of A is too small, the weight may touch the ground and lose its compensating function; if the value of B is too small, the weight frame may collide with the pulley, causing equipment damage or even power outage.

[0003] Traditional purely mechanical ratchet compensation devices operate entirely on physical principles: the weight is connected to the overhead contact line via a compensation rope and a ratchet (or pulley). When temperature changes cause a change in the line length, the resulting tension disrupts the balance between the line and the weight, causing the weight to rise or fall until the tension is rebalanced. The safe ranges for the A and B values ​​of traditional devices are defined by manual adjustments during initial installation and warning signs on the mechanical structure. Their operational status relies entirely on regular manual inspections and maintenance for monitoring and adjustment. If limits are exceeded, multiple technicians must climb to heights to manually adjust the length of the compensation rope. This method is not only inefficient, labor-intensive, and risky, but also suffers from adjustment delays, failing to guarantee that the equipment is always in optimal working condition. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an automated adjustment device for catenary compensation, which solves the problem that the compensation device for flexible catenary requires a lot of manual adjustment of the compensation rope to meet the standard requirements for the weight A and B values.

[0005] According to the technical solution of this utility model, this utility model provides an automated adjustment device for catenary compensation, including a compensation rope and a weight. The compensation rope is connected to the weight through a telescopic mechanism, and the telescopic mechanism is connected to a control system. It also includes a temperature sensor and / or a position sensor connected to the control system. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the ambient temperature, and the position sensor is used to monitor the position of the weight.

[0006] In some embodiments, the telescopic mechanism is a servo electric cylinder, the bottom of which is connected to the weight, and the telescopic push rod of the servo electric cylinder is extended upward, with the end of the push rod connected to the compensating rope.

[0007] In some embodiments, a vertically arranged support column is also included, with a ratchet wheel at the top of the support column, and the compensating rope is connected to the ratchet wheel drive.

[0008] In some embodiments, a vertically arranged support column is also included, with the temperature sensor mounted on the upper part of the support column, and the temperature sensor being positioned above the compensating rope.

[0009] In some embodiments, a temperature sensor and a position sensor are provided simultaneously. The position sensor includes an upper limit sensor and a lower limit sensor, which correspond to the upper limit and lower limit positions of the trajectory of the weight, respectively.

[0010] In some implementations, a vertically positioned support column is also included, with the control system connected to a cable. The other end of the cable is connected to a telescopic mechanism, and the middle section of the cable is located outside the support column or in the hollow space inside the support column.

[0011] In some implementations, a vertically arranged support column is also included, with a weight and / or a telescopic mechanism slidably connected to the support column.

[0012] In some embodiments, a vertical guide rod is provided on the side of the support column, and a guide ring is provided on the weight and / or telescopic mechanism, with the guide ring sleeved on the guide rod to form a sliding connection.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. The contact network compensation automated adjustment device of this utility model uses a controllable telescopic mechanism such as a servo electric cylinder as the actuator, which can be automatically operated by program control, replacing the traditional manual climbing operation; through sensors and control system, it can sense and immediately start adjustment in real time, and can realize advanced or synchronous adjustment, completely eliminating adjustment lag, so that the compensation device is always in the best working state, greatly improving the safety and reliability of the contact network system; it greatly reduces the frequency and intensity of manual inspection and adjustment, reduces labor costs and occupational safety risks, and realizes intelligent and less-manned operation and maintenance.

[0014] 2. The contact wire compensation automatic adjustment device of this utility model preferably adopts a servo system as the telescopic mechanism, which has high-precision positioning characteristics. The control system can perform precise algorithm control, and the adjustment accuracy is much higher than that of manual operation. It can ensure that the values ​​of A and B are continuously stable within the optimal range, avoid repeated adjustments, and improve the compensation efficiency and quality.

[0015] 3. The contact wire compensation automatic adjustment device of this utility model preferably adopts an independent hardware limit sensor, which forms a dual safety loop with the temperature sensor and control system, providing extremely high system safety and effectively preventing serious accidents such as the weight "overshooting" or "falling to the ground" caused by various accidents, making the equipment operation more reliable. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an automated adjustment device for catenary compensation provided by this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a side view of the automatic adjustment device for catenary compensation provided by this utility model.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Compensating rope; 2. Weight; 3. Telescopic mechanism; 4. Control system; 5. Temperature sensor; 6. Support column; 7. Ratchet; 8. Upper limit sensor; 9. Lower limit sensor; 10. Cable; 11. Guide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0019] This utility model provides an automated adjustment device for catenary compensation. Its main purpose is to solve the problem that the A and B values ​​of the weights in the compensation device of the flexible catenary of railways and subways often exceed the limits in environments with large temperature differences, requiring a lot of manual labor to frequently adjust the compensation rope to meet the standard requirements for the A and B values ​​of the weights.

[0020] Existing compensation devices lack automatic monitoring and intelligent adjustment capabilities. Traditional ratchet compensation devices are purely passive mechanical structures, lacking the ability to sense and actively control ambient temperature. The devices cannot predict or respond in real time to drastic temperature changes, only passively following the changes afterward. This makes them highly susceptible to excessive temperature differences leading to accumulated weight displacement exceeding limits. Furthermore, monitoring the device's status relies entirely on periodic manual inspections, resulting in: ① Lag: Significant time delay between exceeding limits and detection and handling, during which time the equipment operates in an unsafe state; ② High cost: Requires substantial human resources for frequent inspections and adjustments; ③ High risk: Manual adjustment at height poses safety hazards and is difficult to conduct in inclement weather or at night. Additionally, the manual adjustment method incurs significant labor costs, involves working at height, carries high safety risks, and suffers from poor accuracy and consistency. The adjustment effect depends on the worker's experience, making it difficult to guarantee that each adjustment accurately restores values ​​A and B to the optimal range, potentially requiring repeated adjustments, further increasing workload and costs. In summary, the shortcomings of existing technologies can be summarized as follows: low degree of automation, reliance on manual labor, delayed adjustments, high maintenance costs, significant safety risks, and difficulty in guaranteeing adjustment accuracy. Therefore, this utility model proposes an automated adjustment device for overhead contact line compensation, more specifically, an automatic adjustment system for the displacement of the weight in the compensation device, aiming to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 This utility model discloses an automated adjustment device for catenary compensation, used in flexible catenary systems. Flexible catenary systems are a type of catenary used in railway electrification systems. The catenary and contact wire are suspended by weights via pulley blocks or ratchet compensation devices, utilizing the weight of the weights to maintain a constant tension in the contact wire. Compensation devices, such as ratchet compensation devices, are mechanical devices installed at the joints of the catenary anchor sections to compensate for thermal expansion and contraction of the contact wire and catenary caused by changes in ambient temperature. Their core function is to automatically adjust the wire length by raising and lowering the weights, maintaining stable tension. The overall structure of the compensation device involved in this utility model can adopt existing solutions or other feasible solutions, including a compensation rope 1 and a weight 2. The relevant structure and principles are not detailed here.

[0022] In this invention, the compensating rope 1 is connected to the weight 2 via a telescopic mechanism 3. The telescopic mechanism 3 is connected to a control system 4, and the telescopic mechanism 3 can extend and retract under the control of the control system 4, directly changing the suspension height of the weight 2 and adjusting values ​​A and B. As a supplementary explanation, the weight A value refers to the vertical distance from the bottom of the weight to the ground (or foundation surface). If this value is too small, there is a risk of the weight falling to the ground; if it is too large, it may lead to compensation failure. The weight B value refers to the vertical distance from the top of the weight string to the lower edge of the pulley (or ratchet groove) of the compensation device. If this value is too small, there is a risk of the weight hitting the pulley; if it is too large, it will also affect the compensation efficiency. In practical applications, both values ​​A and B must be kept within the design specifications.

[0023] This invention also includes a temperature sensor 5 and / or a position sensor connected to the control system 4. The temperature sensor 5 is used to monitor the ambient temperature, and the position sensor is used to monitor the position of the weight 2. In some embodiments, only a temperature sensor is included. The temperature sensor can collect the ambient temperature in real time or at set time intervals. The ambient temperature is the root cause of the weight displacement change. Then, based on the temperature signal, the control system drives the telescopic mechanism to adjust, for example, through pre-designed calculations or intelligent control algorithms.

[0024] In other embodiments, only position sensors are used; these position sensors, such as limit sensors, define the upper and lower extreme positions of the weight. When a limit sensor senses the weight, it controls the weight to move towards another limit sensor. Alternatively, the position sensors directly monitor the displacement of the weight or the actual values ​​of A and B (e.g., using a laser rangefinder or high-definition camera image recognition technology to measure A and B values ​​in real time), and then compare the measured values ​​with set values ​​to drive the actuator. This is a more direct feedback control, but cost and environmental adaptability may be challenging.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, a temperature sensor 5 and a position sensor are simultaneously provided. The position sensor includes an upper limit sensor 8 and a lower limit sensor 9. The limit sensors are used to detect whether the mechanical parts have reached a predetermined position. The upper limit sensor 8 and the lower limit sensor 9 correspond to the upper and lower limit positions of the trajectory of the weight 2, respectively. In this scheme, the basic working method is the same as the aforementioned embodiment with only a temperature sensor. The function of the upper limit sensor 8 and the lower limit sensor 9 is to provide final safety protection at the hardware level, so that even if the temperature sensor 5 or related controls malfunction, the weight will still be able to prevent it from going too high or too low.

[0026] More specifically, the telescopic mechanism 3 is preferably a servo electric cylinder. The bottom of the servo electric cylinder is connected to the weight 2, and the telescopic push rod of the servo electric cylinder extends upward, with the end of the push rod connected to the compensating rope 1. A servo electric cylinder is an actuator that converts the rotational motion of a servo motor into precise linear motion through a lead screw (or rack and pinion). It is characterized by high control accuracy, fast response speed, and the ability to achieve complex motion control.

[0027] It is conceivable that in other feasible embodiments, the telescopic mechanism (actuator) can also be a combination of "stepper motor + lead screw" or "ordinary motor + frequency converter + gearbox + screw," as long as the actuator can achieve controlled and precise linear displacement output. Its control accuracy and response speed may differ. This invention preferably uses electric drive. In other feasible embodiments, a hydraulic cylinder or pneumatic cylinder can also be used as the actuator (requiring a corresponding hydraulic station or air compressor, etc.).

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 In the specific embodiment shown, a vertically arranged support column 6 is also included. The bottom end of the support column 6 is fixed to the ground or foundation surface. The compensating rope 1 is located on one side of the support column 6 and is parallel or nearly parallel to the support column 6. Further, a ratchet 7 is provided on the upper part of the support column 6. The compensating rope 1 is connected to the ratchet 7 for transmission. The ratchet 7 is rotatable and is also connected to the contact wire to provide the required force, thus forming a ratchet compensation device.

[0029] In a scheme with a vertically arranged support column 6, the temperature sensor 5 can be installed on the support column at a position that can accurately reflect the ambient temperature of the contact wire. For example, the temperature sensor 5 is installed on the upper part of the support column 6, and the height position of the temperature sensor 5 is above the compensating rope 1.

[0030] In some embodiments, the control system 4 is connected to a cable 10, the other end of which is connected to the telescopic mechanism 3. In a scheme with a vertically arranged support column 6, the middle section of the cable 10 is located outside the support column 6 or in the hollow space inside the support column 6. The middle section of the cable 10, i.e., most of the exposed or movable part, is arranged along the support column 6, which can protect the cable. For example, the outer side of the support column has a structure for limiting and clamping the cable, such as a C-shaped positioning member, so that the cable can be arranged along the support column and can slide in the limiting and clamping structure to cooperate with the lifting and lowering of the telescopic mechanism. Alternatively, the support column has a hollow space inside, and the side of the support column is provided with a moving through-hole for the cable to pass through. The through-hole is connected to the hollow space, and the through-hole is, for example, a vertical strip hole or a relatively large hole, so as not to affect the movement of the cable. Preferably, as shown in the figure... Figure 2As shown, the cable 10 hangs down from top to bottom near the telescopic mechanism 3, then bends upward for a distance before connecting to the telescopic mechanism 3, thus forming a U-shaped buffer section in front of the telescopic mechanism 3. The existence of this section can prevent the cable 10 from being restricted in length during the lifting and lowering of the telescopic mechanism 3.

[0031] Preferably, in the embodiment with a vertically arranged support column 6, the weight 2 and / or the telescopic mechanism 3 are slidably connected to the support column 6. Specifically, for example, a vertical guide rod 11 is provided on the side of the support column 6, and the guide rod 11 is mounted on the support column 6 via a mounting bracket. A guide ring is provided on the weight 2 and / or the telescopic mechanism 3, and the guide ring is fitted around the guide rod 11 to form a slidable connection. This restricts the weight 2 to primarily moving up and down, ensuring stability and preventing the weight 2 from swaying.

[0032] The following description, in conjunction with preferred embodiments of the present invention, provides further details.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the servo electric cylinder is positioned between the compensating rope and the weight. The end of its push rod is connected to a node on the compensating rope via a connector, and its bottom is connected to a node on the weight string. A temperature sensor is installed above the support column to accurately reflect the ambient temperature of the contact wire. Upper and lower limit sensors are precisely aligned with the upper and lower limits of the weight's trajectory, respectively; specifically, the upper limit position is located below the upper end of the compensating rope (ratchet) with a certain safety distance between them, and the lower limit position is located above the ground / foundation surface with a certain safety distance between them. The signal output terminals of the temperature and limit sensors are connected to the input interface of the control system via cables. The output control terminal of the control system is connected to the servo motor of the servo electric cylinder via a drive line. The control system can integrate a power module or be powered by an external power supply. Furthermore, the optimized working process includes: 1. Signal acquisition: The temperature sensor continuously monitors the ambient temperature and transmits the temperature signal to the control system in real time; 2. Data processing and decision-making: The control system has a pre-stored algorithm for the correspondence between temperature changes and the ideal displacement of the weight (which can be calculated based on the coefficient of thermal expansion and contraction of the material). The system compares the received real-time temperature with the set value or the temperature of the previous cycle, and calculates the theoretical target displacement that the weight needs to be adjusted to achieve the A and B values ​​at the current temperature; 3. Execution: The control system sends a command to the servo electric cylinder to drive the servo motor to rotate, thereby precisely controlling the extension or retraction of the push rod, driving the weight connected to it to perform precise lifting and lowering adjustments; 4. Safety protection: Throughout the process, the upper limit sensor and the lower limit sensor monitor the actual position of the weight in real time. Once the control system malfunctions or a logic error causes the weight movement to exceed the absolute safety boundary allowed by the machinery, the limit sensor will immediately send a hard contact signal to the control system. The control system will unconditionally and urgently stop the operation of the servo electric cylinder and issue an alarm, achieving dual protection to prevent equipment damage. Through the cyclical operation of the above process, this system can achieve closed-loop automatic control of the weight position, ensuring that it is always within the specified A and B value range.

[0034] In summary, the advantages of this utility model are: high degree of automation and intelligence, real-time and precise adjustment, significantly reduced labor costs and safety risks, and greatly improved equipment safety and reliability. The key point of this utility model is: transforming the traditional passive mechanical compensation mode into an active closed-loop control mode of "perception-decision-execution," maintaining the position of the weight through automatic monitoring and active control. Specifically, in a typical embodiment: 1. Real-time monitoring: The ambient temperature is collected in real time by a temperature sensor to collect the root signal that causes the displacement of the weight.

[0035] 2. Introducing intelligent decision-making: The temperature signal is converted into precise control commands through the built-in algorithm of the control system.

[0036] 3. Precision execution: High-precision servo electric cylinders are used as the actuators to achieve minute, active, and controllable adjustment of the weight displacement.

[0037] 4. Introduce hardware safety redundancy: Provide the final safety guarantee for the system through independent limit sensors.

[0038] During operation, the temperature sensor collects the ambient temperature of the contact network in real time and transmits the monitoring signal to the control system. The control system drives the servo electric cylinder to move according to the preset program, adjusting the lifting and lowering displacement of the weight in the compensation device, so that the values ​​of weight A and B remain stable within the specified range. Limit sensors are set at two positions above and below the weight to provide precise safety boundary control for the movement of the weight in the compensation device, preventing the weight from overtravel due to drastic changes in ambient temperature, system abnormalities, or mechanical failures.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the typical embodiments of this utility model have the following beneficial effects: 1. It adopts a temperature sensor and control system, which can detect temperature changes in real time and immediately initiate the adjustment program. It achieves advanced or synchronous adjustment, completely eliminating adjustment lag and ensuring that the ratchet compensation device is always in optimal working condition, greatly improving the safety and reliability of the overhead contact system.

[0040] 2. Using servo electric cylinders as actuators and automated operation controlled by programs, it replaces traditional manual high-altitude work. This significantly reduces the frequency and intensity of manual inspections and adjustments, lowers labor costs and occupational safety risks, and achieves intelligent and less-staffed operation and maintenance.

[0041] 3. The servo system possesses high-precision positioning characteristics, and the control system can perform precise algorithmic control. The adjustment accuracy is far higher than that of manual operation, ensuring that the A and B values ​​remain consistently stable within the optimal range, avoiding repeated adjustments, and improving compensation efficiency and quality.

[0042] 4. An independent hardware limit sensor is installed, forming a dual safety loop with the control system. This provides extremely high system safety and effectively prevents serious accidents such as the weight "overshooting" or "falling to the ground" due to various unforeseen circumstances, making the equipment operation more reliable.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it; obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of this utility model, but not all embodiments; based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model; in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other; modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features, do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. An automated adjustment device for overhead contact line compensation, comprising a compensation rope (1) and a weight (2), characterized in that, The compensating rope (1) is connected to the weight (2) via the telescopic mechanism (3), which is connected to the control system (4); it also includes a temperature sensor (5) and / or a position sensor connected to the control system (4), the temperature sensor (5) is used to monitor the ambient temperature, and the position sensor is used to monitor the position of the weight (2).

2. The contact wire compensation automatic adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic mechanism (3) is a servo electric cylinder. The bottom of the servo electric cylinder is connected to the weight (2). The telescopic push rod of the servo electric cylinder is set to extend upward, and the end of the push rod is connected to the compensation rope (1).

3. The automatic adjustment device for overhead contact line compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a vertically arranged support column (6), with a ratchet (7) on the upper part of the support column (6), and the compensating rope (1) is connected to the ratchet (7) for transmission.

4. The automatic adjustment device for overhead contact line compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a vertically set support column (6), with a temperature sensor (5) installed on the upper part of the support column (6), and the temperature sensor (5) is located above the compensating rope (1).

5. The automatic adjustment device for overhead contact line compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Temperature sensor (5) and position sensor are provided. The position sensor includes upper limit sensor (8) and lower limit sensor (9). The upper limit sensor (8) and lower limit sensor (9) correspond to the upper limit and lower limit positions of the running trajectory of the weight (2), respectively.

6. The automatic adjustment device for overhead contact line compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a vertically set support column (6), a control system (4) connected to a cable (10), the other end of the cable (10) being connected to the telescopic mechanism (3), and the middle section of the cable (10) being located outside the support column (6) or in the hollow space inside the support column (6).

7. The automatic adjustment device for overhead contact line compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a vertically arranged support column (6), a weight (2) and / or a telescopic mechanism (3) that are slidably connected to the support column (6).

8. The automatic adjustment device for overhead contact line compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vertical guide rod (11) is provided on the side of the support (6), and a guide ring is provided on the weight (2) and / or the telescopic mechanism (3). The guide ring is sleeved on the guide rod (11) to form a sliding connection.

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