A three-wheeled vehicle steering mechanism

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tricycle steering mechanism belongs to tricycle technical field. It includes steering wheel, direction machine, electronic power steering device, steering gear box, connecting rod, steering column, and the shock absorber fixed connection of steering column and steering wheel, be equipped with second gear on the steering column, and the shock absorber of steering gear box sets up on the steering wheel, and the output shaft of steering gear box is parallel with steering column, and the output shaft of steering gear box is equipped with the first gear and second gear engagement, and the first bevel gear and second bevel gear of engagement are arranged in direction machine, and the first bevel gear sets up on the steering wheel column, and the second bevel gear sets up on the output shaft of direction machine, and the output end of electronic power steering device is connected with the steering wheel column, the connecting rod is arranged between the input of steering gear box and the output of direction machine, one end of connecting rod is connected with the input shaft of steering gear box through universal joint, and its other end is connected with the output shaft of direction machine through universal joint.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a steering mechanism for a three-wheeled vehicle, belonging to the field of three-wheeled vehicle technology. Background Technology

[0002] The existing steering mechanism of tricycles is relatively simple, with the steering handle directly connected to the front shock absorber. This structure cannot make full use of the tricycle's space, has low configuration, and cannot be flexibly adjusted in complex installation spaces. It is straight up and down, and the steering handle is also placed forward, making it inconvenient to operate from the cab, especially for elderly drivers.

[0003] Power steering wheels are now available on the market, but existing power steering systems still pose a problem of heavy steering for elderly drivers. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects in the existing technology, the present invention provides a steering mechanism for tricycles that can optimize the spatial layout of tricycles, improve the comfort of steering wheel operation, and make steering easier.

[0005] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a steering mechanism for a three-wheeled vehicle, characterized in that it includes a steering wheel, a steering gear, an electronic power steering device, a steering gearbox, a connecting rod, and a steering column. The steering column is fixedly connected to the shock absorber of the steering wheel. A second gear is provided on the steering column. The steering gearbox is provided on the shock absorber of the steering wheel. The input shaft and output shaft of the steering gearbox are arranged at 90°. The output shaft of the steering gearbox is parallel to the steering column. A first gear is provided on the output shaft of the steering gearbox and meshes with the second gear provided on the steering column. A first bevel gear and a second bevel gear are provided in the steering gear and mesh with each other. The first bevel gear is provided on the steering column connected to the steering wheel. The second bevel gear is provided on the output shaft of the steering gear. The output end of the electronic power steering device is connected to the steering column. The connecting rod is provided between the input end of the steering gearbox and the output end of the steering gear. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the input shaft of the steering gearbox through a universal joint, and the other end is connected to the output shaft of the steering gear through a universal joint.

[0006] When this utility model is in operation, the steering wheel drives the steering column to rotate, and the electronic power steering device 10 provides steering assistance. Through the meshing of the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear in the steering gear, the transmission direction is changed to lateral transmission. The rotation of the output shaft of the steering gear drives the connecting rod to rotate, which in turn drives the input shaft of the steering gearbox to rotate. The output shaft of the steering gearbox outputs power, changing the lateral transmission to axial transmission. When the output shaft of the steering gearbox rotates, it drives the first gear to rotate. Through the meshing of the first gear and the second gear set on the steering column, the steering column is driven to rotate, thereby realizing the left and right steering of the shock absorber and the steering wheel, and realizing the steering of the three-wheeled vehicle.

[0007] Furthermore, the steering gearbox is a worm gear mechanism.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model controls the steering of the tricycle through the meshing of the steering wheel, electronic power steering device, steering gear, connecting rod, universal joint, gearbox, and gears, realizing left and right steering functions. This structure optimizes the spatial layout of the tricycle, achieving a connection between the shock absorber and the steering column at different surfaces. The steering wheel is no longer positioned vertically, improving the convenience and comfort of the driver. This utility model uses an electric power steering device combined with connecting rod, steering gear, universal joint, gearbox, etc., to achieve light and easy steering, and improves driving stability at medium and high speeds. Through the electric power steering device, the steering torque applied by the driver and the current vehicle speed are measured. The electronic control unit (ECU) calculates and controls the current and speed of the power steering motor, thereby achieving optimal steering assistance. Furthermore, the vehicle speed is related to the amount of power assistance; the faster the speed, the smaller the power assistance torque, maintaining driving stability, ensuring lightness at low speeds and stability at high speeds, achieving stable handling. Comparative tests show that the steering effort of this invention is significantly reduced. Steering effort while stationary can be reduced by 5-6 times, and steering effort while driving can be reduced by 2-3 times, allowing the driver to operate the steering wheel with one hand under any conditions. Furthermore, even if the electronic system of this invention fails, its mechanical components remain unaffected, still achieving the effect of a non-powered steering system, ensuring safety. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0010] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the steering gearbox in this utility model;

[0011] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A top-down view;

[0012] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the meshing of the turbine and worm in the steering gearbox of this utility model;

[0013] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A top-down view;

[0014] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the steering gear in this utility model;

[0015] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic power steering device in this utility model;

[0016] In the diagram, 1. Steering column, 2. Steering gearbox, 3. First gear, 4. Second gear, 5. Linkage, 6. Steering gear, 7. Steering wheel, 8. Frame fork tube, 9. Shock absorber, 10. Electronic power steering, 11. Universal joint, 12. Universal joint, 13. Steering wheel, 14. Steering column, 15. Input shaft of steering gearbox, 16. Worm gear, 17. Turbine, 18. Output shaft of steering gearbox, 19. Second bevel gear, 20. Output shaft of steering gear, 21. First bevel gear, 22. Torque sensor / angle sensor, 23. Reduction mechanism, 24. Electromagnetic clutch, 25. Output shaft of electronic power steering. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described below through non-limiting embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0018] As attached Figures 1-6As shown, a steering mechanism for a three-wheeled vehicle includes a steering wheel 7, a steering gear 6, an electronic power steering device 10, a steering gearbox 2, a connecting rod 5, and a steering column 1. The steering column 1 is housed within the fork tube 8 of the frame and is fixedly connected to the shock absorber 9 of the steering wheel 13. A second gear 4 is mounted on the steering column 1. The steering gearbox 2 is mounted on the shock absorber 9 of the steering wheel 13, and the shock absorber 9 is connected to the axle of the steering wheel 13. The shock absorber 9 is a prior art device. The input shaft and output shaft of the steering gearbox 2 are arranged at 90°. The output shaft of the steering gearbox is parallel to the steering column 1, and a first gear 3 is mounted on the output shaft of the steering gearbox 2. The first gear 3 meshes with the second gear 4 mounted on the steering column 1. In this embodiment, the steering gearbox 2 is a worm gear mechanism, which is a prior art device. The steering gearbox 2 mainly includes a meshing worm 16 and a worm gear 17, an input shaft 15, and an output shaft 18. The worm 16 is connected to the input shaft 15, and the worm gear 17 is rotatably connected to the output shaft 18. The steering gear 6 is equipped with a meshing first bevel gear 21 and a second bevel gear 19. The first bevel gear 21 is mounted on the steering column 14, which connects to the steering wheel 7, and the second bevel gear 19 is mounted on the output shaft 20 of the steering gear. The output end of the electronic power steering device 10 is connected to the steering column 14, and when the steering wheel is turned, the electronic power steering device 10 can provide steering assistance. The connecting rod 5 is located between the input end of the steering gearbox 2 and the output end of the steering gear 6. One end of the connecting rod 5 is connected to the input shaft 15 of the steering gearbox via a universal joint 11, and the other end is connected to the output shaft 20 of the steering gear via a universal joint 12.

[0019] When this utility model is in operation, the driver turns the steering wheel 7, which drives the steering column to rotate. Steering assistance is provided by the electronic power steering device 10. The meshing of the first bevel gear 21 and the second bevel gear 19 in the steering gear 6 changes the transmission direction to lateral transmission. The rotation of the output shaft 20 of the steering gear drives the connecting rod 5 to rotate, which in turn drives the input shaft 15 of the steering gearbox to rotate. Power is output through the output shaft 18 of the steering gearbox, changing the lateral transmission to axial transmission. When the output shaft 18 of the steering gearbox rotates, it drives the first gear 3 to rotate. The meshing of the first gear 3 and the second gear 4 on the steering column 1 drives the steering column 1 to rotate, thereby driving the shock absorber 9 and the steering wheel 13 to turn left and right, realizing the steering of the three-wheeled vehicle.

[0020] The electronic power steering device 10 in this utility model is prior art, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 7As shown, the electronic power steering system 10 mainly includes a torque sensor 22, a vehicle speed sensor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a power steering motor, and a reduction mechanism 23. The torque sensor 22 is used to detect the steering wheel torque in real time; the vehicle speed sensor collects vehicle speed information and transmits it to the ECU to achieve power steering control at different vehicle speeds; the ECU receives signals from the torque sensor, the steering angle sensor, and other information such as vehicle speed, performs logical analysis and calculation, issues commands to control the action of the power steering motor, and can also judge the system's operating status, automatically canceling power steering and performing fault diagnosis analysis when abnormalities occur; the power steering motor outputs corresponding torque according to the ECU's commands to provide steering assistance; the reduction mechanism 23 is connected to the power steering motor and acts as a speed reducer and torque amplifier, converting the high-speed, low-torque output of the motor into low-speed, high-torque output to better drive the steering mechanism. Its working principle is as follows: 1. When the driver turns the steering wheel, the torque sensor detects the torque and direction of rotation of the steering wheel and converts them into electrical signals, which are then transmitted to the ECU. Simultaneously, the steering angle sensor detects the rotation angle and position information of the steering wheel and also sends this information to the ECU.

[0021] 2. The vehicle speed sensor measures the vehicle speed in real time and transmits the speed signal to the ECU.

[0022] 3. The ECU performs logical analysis and calculation based on the received signals such as torque, steering angle, and vehicle speed to determine the rotation direction and optimal assist torque of the power assist motor. Then, it sends a control signal to the power assist motor to control the rotation of the motor through the power drive circuit.

[0023] 4. After the output of the power steering motor is reduced and amplified by the reduction mechanism 23, it generates corresponding steering assistance to help the driver turn the steering wheel more easily.

[0024] The other parts in this embodiment are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

Claims

1. A three-wheeled vehicle steering mechanism, characterised in that: Including the steering wheel The system comprises a steering gear, an electronic power steering system, a steering gearbox, a connecting rod, and a steering column. The steering column is fixedly connected to the shock absorber of the steering wheel. A second gear is mounted on the steering column. The steering gearbox is mounted on the shock absorber of the steering wheel. The input and output shafts of the steering gearbox are arranged at 90°. The output shaft of the steering gearbox is parallel to the steering column. A first gear is mounted on the output shaft of the steering gearbox, meshing with the second gear mounted on the steering column. The steering gear contains a meshing first bevel gear and a second bevel gear. The first bevel gear is mounted on the steering column connected to the steering wheel, and the second bevel gear is mounted on the output shaft of the steering gear. The output end of the electronic power steering system is connected to the steering column. The connecting rod is located between the input end of the steering gearbox and the output end of the steering gear. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the input shaft of the steering gearbox via a universal joint, and the other end is connected to the output shaft of the steering gear via a universal joint.

2. The steering mechanism for a three-wheeled vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steering gearbox is a worm gear mechanism.

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