Limiting device of unmanned forklift and unmanned forklift
By installing limit devices on unmanned forklifts and using limit touch plates and limit switches to control the forklift motor, the problem of collision between goods and the vehicle body is solved, thus protecting both the vehicle body and the goods and improving the production efficiency of prefabricated buildings.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA STATE CONSTR HAILONG TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
When unmanned forklifts are used to move goods in prefabricated buildings, the goods are prone to colliding with the vehicle body, resulting in damage to both the vehicle body and the goods, affecting service life and production efficiency.
Design a limiting device for an unmanned forklift, including a limiting seat, a limiting touch plate, and a limiting switch, which are connected by an elastic element. The limiting touch plate rotates under the pressure of the goods to trigger the limiting switch, thereby controlling the forklift motor to prevent collision.
It effectively prevents collisions between goods and the vehicle body, protects the vehicle body and goods, improves the safety and reliability of unmanned forklifts, reduces maintenance costs, and enhances the production efficiency of prefabricated buildings.
Smart Images
Figure CN224530542U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cargo transportation technology, and in particular to a limiting device for an unmanned forklift and the unmanned forklift itself. Background Technology
[0002] Prefabricated buildings refer to buildings where a large amount of on-site work in traditional construction methods is transferred to factories. Building components and accessories (such as floor slabs, wall panels, stairs, balconies, etc.) are processed and manufactured in factories, transported to the construction site, and assembled and installed on-site using reliable connection methods.
[0003] Prefabricated building materials are typically large and heavy, requiring them to be transported to automated warehouses for storage after factory production, ready for later retrieval. To improve handling efficiency, the handling process generally employs automation and mechanization, reducing manual intervention and lowering labor intensity and the risk of injury.
[0004] Unmanned transport forklifts refer to automated vehicles that are equipped with automatic guidance devices such as magnetic strips, rails or lasers, travel along a planned path, are powered by batteries, and are equipped with safety protection mechanisms and various auxiliary mechanisms (such as transfer and assembly mechanisms).
[0005] In the prefabricated building industry, most of the current operations use unmanned forklifts for handling goods. Since unmanned forklifts can reach speeds of up to 1.25 m / s when handling goods, the goods need to maintain their original state of motion due to their own inertia when the forklifts accelerate or decelerate. Therefore, the goods are prone to colliding with the vehicle body, causing damage to both the vehicle body and the goods, shortening the service life of the forklift, increasing the maintenance costs of enterprises, and affecting the progress and efficiency of prefabricated building production.
[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a limit device for unmanned forklifts used in prefabricated building raw materials, as well as for unmanned forklifts in general. Utility Model Content
[0007] (a) Technical problems to be solved
[0008] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a limiting device for an unmanned transport forklift and an unmanned transport forklift, which provides the possibility of solving the problem that goods are prone to collide with the vehicle body when the unmanned transport forklift is transporting goods, resulting in damage to the vehicle body and goods.
[0009] (II) Technical Solution
[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by this utility model include:
[0011] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a limiting device for an unmanned forklift, including a limiting seat that can be fixed to the root of the fork teeth of the forklift, a limiting touch plate rotatably connected to one end of the limiting seat, and a limiting switch fixed in the limiting seat. The limiting switch is communicatively connected to the motor of the forklift. An elastic element is provided between the limiting touch plate and the limiting seat. When the elastic element is in its natural state, the limiting touch plate is located away from the limiting seat and is disengaged from the limiting switch. When the goods on the forklift press against the limiting touch plate, the limiting touch plate rotates to trigger the limiting switch and compress the elastic element.
[0012] Optionally, it also includes a buffer pad; the limiting seat is a box structure with an opening on one side; the buffer pad is located on the side of the limiting seat away from the opening, and the limiting touch plate is rotatably connected to the opening side of the limiting seat.
[0013] Optionally, the two opposite side walls of the limiting seat are provided with shaft holes, one end of the limiting touch plate is provided with a through hole, the rotating shaft passes through the shaft holes and the through hole on the left and right side walls of the limiting seat at the same time, and the end of the rotating shaft is fixed to the shaft hole, so that the limiting touch plate is rotatably connected between the left and right side walls of the limiting seat.
[0014] Optionally, the limiting touch plate has a first protrusion on its surface and the limiting seat has a second protrusion on its bottom wall; the two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the first protrusion and the second protrusion.
[0015] Optionally, the elastic element is a spring, and fixing holes are provided on both the first protrusion and the second protrusion. The two ends of the spring are respectively fixed to the fixing holes of the first protrusion and the second protrusion by fixing elements.
[0016] Optionally, the lower surface of the limit seat is provided with a through hole for a bolt connected to the fork tooth to pass through.
[0017] Optionally, the cushioning pad is a rubber pad.
[0018] Optionally, the limit switch is a swing arm type limit switch.
[0019] Secondly, this utility model provides an unmanned transport forklift, including a vehicle body and two limiting devices; a pair of fork teeth are installed on the vehicle body, and the two limiting devices are fixed to the root of the pair of fork teeth.
[0020] Optionally, unmanned forklifts are used to transport raw materials for prefabricated buildings.
[0021] (III) Beneficial Effects
[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides a limiting device for an unmanned forklift and the unmanned forklift itself. The limiting device includes a limiting seat that can be fixed to the root of the fork teeth of the forklift, a limiting touch plate rotatably connected to one end of the limiting seat, and a limiting switch fixed inside the limiting seat. The limiting switch is communicatively connected to the motor of the forklift. An elastic element is provided between the limiting touch plate and the limiting seat. When the elastic element is in its natural state, the limiting touch plate is located away from the limiting seat and disengaged from the limiting switch. When the forklift's forks pick up goods, the goods abut against the limiting touch plate. The limiting touch plate is squeezed by the goods and rotates in the direction pointing inward towards the limiting seat, compressing the elastic element. Subsequently, when the limiting touch plate rotates to a certain angle, it can trigger the limiting switch, indicating that the goods have arrived at the designated position. This provides a possibility for preventing collisions between goods and the vehicle body, protecting the vehicle body and goods, and improving the safety and reliability of the unmanned forklift in automated operations. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the limiting device for an unmanned transport forklift according to the present invention;
[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a partial structural schematic of the limiting device, which includes a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the limiting seat.
[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the limiting touch plate of the limiting device shown;
[0026] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a limiting device for an unmanned forklift according to the present invention (Example 2).
[0027] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the unmanned transport forklift of Embodiment 3 of this utility model.
[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures
[0029] 1: Limiting seat; 11: First protrusion; 12: Rotating shaft;
[0030] 2: Limiting touch plate; 21: Through hole; 22: Second protrusion;
[0031] 3: Limit switches;
[0032] 4: Elastic components;
[0033] 5: Cushioning pad;
[0034] 6: Vehicle body;
[0035] 7: Fork teeth;
[0036] 8: Baffle;
[0037] 9: Limiting device. Detailed Implementation
[0038] To better explain and facilitate understanding of this utility model, a detailed description of its specific embodiments is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this document, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" are used interchangeably with... Figure 1 The orientation is used as a reference.
[0039] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.
[0040] Example 1:
[0041] Reference Figures 1-3 This embodiment proposes a limiting device 9 for an unmanned forklift used for transporting raw materials for prefabricated buildings. Figure 1 As shown, the limiting device 9 includes a limiting seat 1, a limiting contact plate 2, and a limiting switch 3. The limiting seat 1 can be fixed to the root of the fork tooth 7 of the forklift. The limiting contact plate 2 is rotatably connected to one end of the limiting seat 1. The limiting switch 3 is fixed inside the limiting seat 1 and is communicatively connected to the motor of the forklift. This communication connection can be wired or wireless. The trigger signal of the limiting switch 3 is transmitted to the motor through the communication connection. The transmission of this triggered signal can be achieved using existing technology.
[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the limiting seat 1 is a box structure with an opening on one side, providing a stable mounting base for the entire limiting device 9. The limiting seat 1 is also a cuboid structure, with its length running vertically. To facilitate fixing the limiting device 9 to the root of the fork tines 7 of the forklift, two through holes are provided on the lower side wall of the limiting seat 1 for bolts connected to the fork tines 7 to pass through, thereby fixing the entire limiting device 9 to the fork tines 7 of the forklift. The two through holes also help to evenly distribute pressure, improving installation stability and connection strength, ensuring that the limiting device 9 can operate stably on the fork tines 7.
[0043] Reference Figure 1Shaft holes are provided on two opposite side walls of the limiting seat 1. In order to facilitate the installation of the limiting touch plate 2 and enable the limiting touch plate 2 to cooperate with the limiting switch 3 to play a limiting role, the shaft holes are located close to the opening side of the limiting seat 1 and at the upper end of the side wall. Thus, in this embodiment, the limiting touch plate 2 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the limiting seat 1.
[0044] Reference Figure 3 The limiting touch plate 2 is a rectangular thin plate with a through hole at one end for connection to the rotating shaft 12. The rotating shaft 12 passes through both the shaft hole and the through hole 21 on the left and right side walls of the limiting seat 1, and the end of the rotating shaft 12 is fixed to the shaft hole, so that the limiting touch plate 2 can rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft 12. Furthermore, the limiting touch plate 2 is rotatably connected between the left and right side walls of the limiting seat 1 and is located on the opening side of the limiting seat 1.
[0045] In this embodiment, the rotating shaft 12 uses a common hexagon socket head cap screw. The hexagon socket head cap screw is inserted into the shaft hole and the through hole 21. A hexagonal nut is fitted onto the end of the hexagon socket head cap screw, and the hexagonal nut is tightened to fix the position of the screw, ensuring that the screw will not loosen during operation, allowing the limit contact plate 2 to rotate on the screw. The rotating shaft 12 uses an existing standard part without additional manufacturing processes, and can be directly installed and used, which can reduce production costs.
[0046] When installing the limiting device 9 on the forklift, the open side of the limiting seat 1 should face the head of the fork tooth 7 to ensure that the goods can contact the limiting contact plate 2. The bolts are then passed through the two through holes on the lower side wall of the limiting seat 1 and the corresponding mounting holes on the fork tooth 7. Finally, nuts are screwed onto the ends of the bolts and tightened to fix the limiting device 9 to the root of the fork tooth 7 on the forklift. This makes the installation of the limiting device 9 simple and convenient, while also ensuring the stability and reliability of the connection between the limiting device 9 and the fork tooth 7.
[0047] An elastic element 4 is provided between the limiting touch plate 2 and the limiting seat 1. The bottom wall of the limiting seat 1 has a cylindrical first protrusion 11, and the surface of the limiting touch plate 2 near the opening side of the limiting seat 1 has a cylindrical second protrusion 22. The two ends of the elastic element 4 are respectively connected to the first protrusion 11 and the second protrusion 22. In this embodiment, the elastic element 4 is a spring. The first protrusion 11 and the second protrusion 22 are both cylindrical to accommodate the shape of the spring, making it easy to sleeve the spring on the first protrusion 11 and the second protrusion 22.
[0048] Furthermore, since the unmanned forklift is frequently subjected to impacts during handling, the spring is prone to detaching from the first protrusion 11 and the second protrusion 22 under frequent impacts. Therefore, fixing holes with axes perpendicular to the cylinder centerline are provided on both the first protrusion 11 and the second protrusion 22. Fixing components are inserted into these fixing holes, passing through the spring to restrict axial displacement at both ends of the spring without affecting the extension and contraction of the middle portion. This secures both ends of the spring to the limiting seat 1 and the limiting contact plate 2, respectively, preventing the spring from detaching during operation. The fixing components can be bolts, pins, etc.
[0049] Specifically, the limit switch 3 is a swing arm type limit switch, which can be fixed on one of the left and right side walls of the limit seat 1. Of course, in other embodiments of this utility model, the limit switch 3 can also be fixed on the bottom wall.
[0050] Furthermore, refer to Figure 1 The limit seat 1 has four mounting holes on one of its left and right side walls, corresponding to the positions of the four circular holes on the limit switch 3, which can fix the limit switch 3 to the side wall of the limit seat 1. The limit switch 3 here is a conventionally designed swing-arm type limit switch. The swing-arm type limit switch is triggered by the contact between the swing arm and an external object (specifically, the limit contact plate 2 in this invention). When the external object contacts the swing arm and applies a certain force, the swing arm swings, causing the internal contact system to actuate, thereby changing the on / off state of the circuit. After the external object (i.e., the limit contact plate 2) leaves the swing arm, the limit switch 3 can automatically restore the original state of the contacts, i.e., the limit switch 3 resets.
[0051] In this embodiment, when the elastic element 4 is in its natural state, the limiting touch plate 2 is not subjected to external pressure, the limiting touch plate 2 and the elastic element 4 reach a balanced state, the limiting touch plate 2 is located away from the limiting seat 1, the plate surface of the limiting touch plate 2 and the bottom wall of the limiting seat 1 can form a certain angle, the lower end of the limiting touch plate 2 and the limiting seat 1, and the limiting touch plate 2 is disengaged from the limiting switch 3.
[0052] When the limit contact plate 2 is pressed by the goods, it can rotate downwards and inwards towards the limit seat 1. When the limit contact plate 2 rotates to a certain angle, its surface can abut against the swing arm of the limit switch 3, causing the swing arm to rotate together. When the swing arm rotates to the preset trigger angle of the limit switch 3, the limit switch 3 is triggered and sends a corresponding trigger signal to the forklift motor, thereby effectively controlling the forklift motor and protecting the vehicle body 6 and the goods. Specifically, the trigger signal can be a signal that controls the forklift motor to stop or decelerate (or other actions that can prevent damage to the goods). The implementation of the motor receiving this signal and performing corresponding actions is existing technology.
[0053] The working process of the limiting device for the unmanned forklift in this embodiment is as follows:
[0054] When an unmanned forklift is loading goods, the forklift's forks 7 pick up the goods, and the roots of the fork teeth move towards the limit device. During this movement, the goods come into contact with the limit contact plate 2 and gradually apply pressure to it. Under the pressure of the goods, the limit contact plate 2 rotates downward and inward towards the limit seat 1. When the limit contact plate 2 rotates to a certain angle, its surface touches the swing arm of the limit switch 3. The goods continue to apply pressure, and the limit contact plate 2 continues to apply pressure to the swing arm of the limit switch 3 until the swing arm rotates to the preset angle of the limit switch 3, triggering the limit switch 3. Subsequently, the limit switch 3 sends a signal to the forklift's motor, causing the motor to control and adjust the forklift to stop or decelerate, preventing damage to the goods, avoiding the forklift from continuing to move in the original direction, and preventing the goods from being squeezed against the forklift body 6.
[0055] When the automated guided vehicle (AGV) unloads goods, the pressure of the goods on the limit contact plate 2 disappears. At this time, under the restoring force of the elastic element 4, the limit contact plate 2 returns to its initial position. Simultaneously, the swing arm of the limit switch 3 also returns to its untriggered state, i.e., the limit switch 3 resets. This prepares for the next loading of goods, ensuring that the AGV can effectively limit the movement of goods each time it loads.
[0056] Example 2:
[0057] Reference Figure 4 Based on Embodiment 1, in order to further protect the forklift body 6, this embodiment also includes a buffer pad 5. Specifically, the buffer pad 5 is a rectangular rubber pad block. The buffer pad 5 is bonded and fixed to the side of the limiting seat 1 away from the opening, which can play a role in buffering and shock absorption, and prevent the goods from squeezing the limiting device 9 when the forklift is loading goods, and then the limiting device 9 squeezing the body 6, thereby damaging the body 6.
[0058] Example 3:
[0059] Reference Figure 5 The unmanned transport forklift of this utility model includes a vehicle body 6 and two limiting devices 9. The two limiting devices 9 have the same structure and adopt the limiting device 9 in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2.
[0060] A pair of fork teeth 7 are installed on the vehicle body, and two limiting devices 9 are fixed to the root of the pair of fork teeth 7. In order to better protect the vehicle body 6, a baffle 8 is also fixed at the root of the fork teeth 7, and the buffer pads 5 of the two limiting devices 9 abut against the surface of the baffle 8 on the side away from the limiting seat 1. When the cargo squeezes the limiting device 9, the buffer pads 5 can reduce the pressure of the limiting device 9 on the baffle 8, avoid direct contact between the limiting seat 1 and the baffle 8, prevent rigid impact force caused by collision, protect the vehicle body 6 and the limiting device 9, and reduce the risk of damage.
[0061] In this embodiment, the forklift is used to transport raw materials for prefabricated buildings.
[0062] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0063] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0064] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0065] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.
[0066] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A limiting device for an unmanned forklift, characterized in that, It includes a limiting seat (1) that can be fixed to the root of the fork teeth of a forklift, a limiting touch plate (2) rotatably connected to one end of the limiting seat (1), and a limiting switch (3) fixed in the limiting seat (1). The limiting switch (3) is communicatively connected to the motor of the forklift. An elastic element (4) is provided between the limiting seat (1) and the limiting touch plate (2). When the elastic element (4) is in its natural state, the limiting touch plate (2) is located away from the limiting seat (1) and is disengaged from the limiting switch (3). When the goods on the forklift press against the limit contact plate (2), the limit contact plate (2) rotates to trigger the limit switch (3) and compress the elastic element (4).
2. The limiting device for an unmanned forklift as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a cushioning pad (5); The limiting seat (1) is a box structure with an opening on one side; The buffer pad (5) is disposed on the side of the limiting seat (1) away from the opening, and the limiting touch plate (2) is rotatably connected to the opening side of the limiting seat (1).
3. The limiting device for an unmanned forklift as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Shaft holes are provided on two opposite side walls of the limiting seat (1), and a through hole (21) is provided at one end of the limiting touch plate (2). A rotating shaft (12) passes through the shaft holes on the left and right side walls of the limiting seat (1) and the through hole (21) at the same time, and the end of the rotating shaft (12) is fixed to the shaft hole, so that the limiting touch plate (2) is rotatably connected between the left and right side walls of the limiting seat (1).
4. The limiting device for an unmanned forklift as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom wall of the limiting seat (1) is provided with a first protrusion (11), and the plate surface of the limiting touch plate (2) is provided with a second protrusion (22); The two ends of the elastic element (4) are respectively connected to the first protrusion (11) and the second protrusion (22).
5. The limiting device for an unmanned forklift as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The elastic element (4) is a spring. The first protrusion (11) and the second protrusion (22) are both provided with fixing holes. The two ends of the spring are respectively fixed to the fixing holes of the first protrusion (11) and the second protrusion (22) by fixing members.
6. The limiting device for an unmanned forklift as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The lower surface of the limiting seat (1) is provided with a through hole for a bolt connected to the fork tooth to pass through.
7. The limiting device for an unmanned forklift as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The buffer pad (5) is a rubber pad block.
8. The limiting device for an unmanned forklift as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The limit switch (3) is a swing arm type limit switch.
9. An unmanned forklift, characterized in that, Includes a vehicle body (6) and two limiting devices as described in any one of claims 1-8; A pair of fork teeth (7) are installed on the vehicle body (6), and two limiting devices (9) are fixed to the root of the pair of fork teeth (7).
10. The unmanned forklift as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The unmanned forklift is used to transport raw materials for prefabricated buildings.