Mechanical anti-collision limiter

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of mechanical anti-collision limiters, it is related to fork truck technical field.It includes fixed box, the top outer surface of fixed box is equipped with opening, and the inside of opening is slidably connected with movable frame, the bottom outer surface of movable frame is equipped with two symmetrically distributed setting plate, and the top outer surface of two setting plate and the top outer surface of movable frame are equipped with same first grade buffer assembly, and the first grade buffer assembly sets through mouth.The utility model first grade buffer assembly's two first springs pre-compression absorption initial collision energy, when pressure sensor detects the contact of mounting plate, electromagnet instantaneously power-off release movable frame, trigger hinged damper tilting movement, drive friction plate and fixed box inner wall produce frictional resistance, form spring pre-compression, hydraulic damping, friction energy dissipation three-stage energy-absorbing, effectively improve collision energy absorption efficiency, the third spring of auxiliary assembly can push extension plate back after collision, i.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of forklift technology, specifically a mechanical anti-collision limiter. Background Technology

[0002] Forklifts are industrial handling vehicles, referring to various wheeled handling vehicles used for loading, unloading, stacking, and short-distance transportation of palletized goods. Mechanical anti-collision limiters are key devices to prevent equipment collision damage. Traditional limiters mostly use rubber buffer blocks or single-stage spring structures, which have significant defects.

[0003] A search revealed a forklift anti-collision structure, such as patent publication number CN220485250U, which includes a forklift body and a crash barrier. The rear of the forklift body is fixedly connected to the crash barrier, and several detachable limiters are evenly distributed and fixedly installed on the crash barrier. Each limiter is rotatably mounted with a roller mechanism. Each roller mechanism is rotatably connected to the crash barrier and is perpendicular to the ground. Two shock absorbers are fixedly installed on the crash barrier. When the rear of the forklift body collides with an external object, the crash barrier effectively blocks and buffers the impact, preventing hard scraping and thus effectively protecting the rear of the forklift body and the surface of the external object.

[0004] While the above structure can effectively protect the rear of the forklift, the single-stage buffer structure is prone to instantaneous crushing during high-speed collisions, failing to dissipate energy in a stepped manner. Furthermore, it lacks a warning function in low-speed collisions, failing to promptly alert nearby forklifts that an accident has occurred. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mechanical anti-collision limiter to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a mechanical anti-collision limiter, comprising a fixed box, an opening on the top outer surface of the fixed box, and a movable frame slidably connected inside the opening; two symmetrically distributed mounting plates are installed on the bottom outer surface of the movable frame, and the same primary buffer component is installed on the top outer surface of the two mounting plates and the top outer surface of the movable frame; the primary buffer component has a through-hole; a U-shaped plate is installed on the bottom outer surface of the movable frame, and two symmetrically distributed grooves are opened on the top outer surface of the U-shaped plate; electromagnets are installed inside the two grooves, and the electromagnets form an adsorption engagement with the top inner wall of the fixed box; a multi-level buffer component is installed on the bottom inner wall of the fixed box, and the contact end of the multi-level buffer component passes through the through-hole and is located inside the primary buffer component; an mounting plate is installed on the top of the primary buffer component, and an arc-shaped buffer layer is installed on the top outer surface of the mounting plate; a U-shaped connecting plate is installed on the bottom outer surface of the fixed box; two symmetrically distributed auxiliary components are installed on both sides of the movable frame, and the bottom ends of the auxiliary components are fixedly connected to the U-shaped connecting plate; and an alarm is installed in the middle of one side of the fixed box.

[0007] Furthermore, the primary buffer assembly includes a fixed plate and two telescopic rods. The top surface of the fixed plate has two symmetrically distributed circular openings, which are respectively fitted onto the movable rods of the two telescopic rods. The fixed plate is fixedly connected to the movable frame by bolts. Each movable rod of the two telescopic rods is fitted with a first spring, and the top of each movable rod is fixedly connected to the mounting plate. The bottom surface of the fixed rod of the two telescopic rods is fixedly connected to the mounting plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the multi-stage buffer assembly includes a fixed block, two dampers, and a contact block. The fixed block is fixed to the middle of the bottom inner wall of the fixed box. Limiting rods are installed on both outer surfaces of the fixed block, and sliding blocks are sleeved on the outer surfaces of the two limiting rods. Friction plates are installed on the bottom outer surfaces of the two sliding blocks, and second springs are sleeved on the outer surfaces of the two limiting rods. A limiting block is installed at one end of each of the two limiting rods, and both limiting blocks are fixed to the bottom inner wall of the fixed box.

[0009] Furthermore, a first connecting plate is fixed to the top of the piston rod of each of the two dampers, and a second connecting plate is fixed to the bottom of each of the two dampers. The two first connecting plates are hinged to the bottom outer surface of the contact block, and the two second connecting plates are hinged to the top outer surface of the two sliding blocks. A circular groove is provided on the top outer surface of the contact block, and a pressure sensor is installed inside the circular groove. The signal terminal of the pressure sensor is connected to a microprocessor through a signal line.

[0010] Furthermore, all four auxiliary components include an extension plate, which is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the movable frame. The top outer surface of the extension plate has a fixing opening, and a stabilizing rod is embedded inside the fixing opening. A third spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the stabilizing rod, and the bottom end of the stabilizing rod is fixedly connected to the top outer surface of the U-shaped connecting plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the opening is located in the middle of the fixed plate, and the two dampers and the contact block are located between the two telescopic rods. The top outer surface of the U-shaped connecting plate is provided with equally spaced mounting holes.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] A mechanical anti-collision limiter absorbs initial collision energy through the pre-compression of two first springs in a primary buffer assembly. When the pressure sensor detects contact with the mounting plate, the electromagnet is instantly de-energized to release the movable frame, triggering the tilting motion of the hinged damper. This drives the friction plate to generate frictional resistance with the inner wall of the fixed box, forming a three-stage energy absorption process of spring pre-compression, hydraulic damping, and frictional energy dissipation, effectively improving the collision energy absorption efficiency.

[0014] Meanwhile, the third spring of the auxiliary component can push the extension plate back to its original position after the collision, thus completing the reset of the movable frame. When the pressure sensor comes into contact with the mounting plate, it will trigger the alarm with sound and light, promptly reminding personnel to deal with the danger. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the primary buffer component structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-level buffer component structure of this utility model.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Fixed box; 2. Movable frame; 3. U-shaped connecting plate; 4. Extension plate; 5. Stabilizing rod; 6. Third spring; 7. First-stage buffer assembly; 71. Fixed plate; 72. Telescopic rod; 73. First spring; 8. Mounting plate; 9. Arc-shaped buffer layer; 10. Multi-stage buffer assembly; 101. Fixed block; 102. Limiting rod; 103. Sliding block; 104. Friction plate; 105. Second spring; 106. Limiting block; 107. Damper; 108. First connecting plate; 109. Second connecting plate; 110. Contact block; 111. Pressure sensor; 11. U-shaped plate; 12. Electromagnet; 13. Mounting plate; 14. Alarm. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution: a mechanical anti-collision limiter, including a fixed box 1. The top outer surface of the fixed box 1 has an opening, and a movable frame 2 is slidably connected inside the opening. Two symmetrically distributed mounting plates 13 are installed on the bottom outer surface of the movable frame 2. The top outer surfaces of the two mounting plates 13 and the top outer surface of the movable frame 2 are equipped with the same primary buffer component 7. The primary buffer component 7 has a through-hole. A U-shaped plate 11 is installed on the bottom outer surface of the movable frame 2, and two symmetrically distributed grooves are opened on the top outer surface of the U-shaped plate 11. Electromagnets 12 are installed inside the two grooves. Furthermore, the electromagnet 12 forms an adsorption fit with the top inner wall of the fixed box 1, the bottom inner wall of the fixed box 1 is equipped with a multi-level buffer assembly 10, and the contact end of the multi-level buffer assembly 10 passes through the opening and is located inside the first-level buffer assembly 7. The top of the first-level buffer assembly 7 is equipped with a mounting plate 8, and the top outer surface of the mounting plate 8 is equipped with an arc-shaped buffer layer 9. The bottom of the outer surface of the fixed box 1 is equipped with a U-shaped connecting plate 3, and two symmetrically distributed auxiliary components are installed on both sides of the movable frame 2. The bottom end of the auxiliary components is fixedly connected to the U-shaped connecting plate 3, and an alarm 14 is installed in the middle of one side of the outer surface of the fixed box 1.

[0022] It should be noted that the mounting plate 13 and the inner wall of the fixing box 1 form a sliding fit to increase friction, and the fixing box 1 is made of metal so that it can form an adsorption fit with the electromagnet 12.

[0023] The primary buffer assembly 7 includes a fixed plate 71 and two telescopic rods 72. The top surface of the fixed plate 71 has two symmetrically distributed circular openings, which are respectively fitted onto the movable rods of the two telescopic rods 72. The fixed plate 71 is fixedly connected to the movable frame 2 by bolts. A first spring 73 is fitted onto the movable rod of each of the two telescopic rods 72. The top ends of the movable rods of the two telescopic rods 72 are fixedly connected to the mounting plate 8. The bottom surface of the fixed rod of the two telescopic rods 72 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 13.

[0024] It should be noted that the contact block 110 is located between the movable rods of the two telescopic rods 72, and the first spring 73 is located between the fixed plate 71 and the mounting plate 8.

[0025] The multi-stage buffer assembly 10 includes a fixed block 101, two dampers 107 and a contact block 110. The fixed block 101 is fixed to the middle of the bottom inner wall of the fixed box 1. Limiting rods 102 are installed on both outer surfaces of the fixed block 101. Sliding blocks 103 are sleeved on the outer surfaces of the two limiting rods 102. Friction plates 104 are installed on the bottom outer surfaces of the two sliding blocks 103. Second springs 105 are sleeved on the outer surfaces of the two limiting rods 102. Limiting blocks 106 are installed at one end of the two limiting rods 102. The two limiting blocks 106 are fixed to the bottom inner wall of the fixed box 1.

[0026] It should be noted that the friction plate 104 is made of graphene composite friction plate, the bottom surface of the contact block 110 can contact the top surface of the fixed plate 71, and the second spring 105 can reset the damper 107 after the collision contact.

[0027] The piston rods of the two dampers 107 are each fixed with a first connecting plate 108 at their top ends, and the bottom ends of the two dampers 107 are each fixed with a second connecting plate 109. The two first connecting plates 108 are hinged to the bottom outer surface of the contact block 110, and the two second connecting plates 109 are hinged to the top outer surface of the two sliding blocks 103. The top outer surface of the contact block 110 is provided with a circular groove, and a pressure sensor 111 is installed inside the circular groove. The signal terminal of the pressure sensor 111 is connected to a microprocessor through a signal line.

[0028] It should be noted that both the first connecting plate 108 and the second connecting plate 109 are rectangular.

[0029] All four auxiliary components include an extension plate 4, which is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the movable frame 2. The top outer surface of the extension plate 4 has a fixing opening, and a stabilizing rod 5 is embedded inside the fixing opening. A third spring 6 is sleeved on the outer surface of the stabilizing rod 5, and the bottom end of the stabilizing rod 5 is fixedly connected to the top outer surface of the U-shaped connecting plate 3.

[0030] It should be noted that the extension plate 4 is located below the fixed plate 71, the fixing port and the outer surface of the stabilizer bar 5 form a sliding fit, and the third spring 6 is located between the extension plate 4 and the loop connecting plate 3.

[0031] The opening is located in the middle of the fixed plate 71, and the two dampers 107 and the contact block 110 are located between the two telescopic rods 72. The top surface of the U-shaped connecting plate 3 is provided with equally spaced mounting holes.

[0032] Working principle: The system can be connected to the forklift's anti-collision position via bolts and mounting holes of the U-shaped connecting plate 3. Multiple mechanical anti-collision limiters can be set as needed. In use, when the forklift collides with an obstacle, the arc-shaped buffer layer 9 is pressed and pushes the mounting plate 8, triggering the telescopic rod 72 of the first-level buffer component 7 to compress the first spring 73 to absorb the initial energy. As the collision force continues to increase, the contact block 110 will contact the mounting plate 8. After the pressure sensor 111 detects this, the alarm 14 will sound an alarm. The microprocessor controls the electromagnet 12 to be de-energized, the movable frame 2 releases its adsorption and moves downward, the multi-level buffer component 10 is activated, the movable frame 2 moves downward and forces the hinged damper 107 to tilt, the piston rod contracts to generate hydraulic damping, the damper 107 tilts and pushes the sliding block 103 to slide along the limit rod 102, the friction plate 104 rubs against the inner wall of the fixed box 1, completing the multi-level buffering work. After the collision ends, the third spring 6 of the auxiliary component pushes the extension plate 4 to reset, the electromagnet 12 is energized and re-adsorbs the movable frame 2.

[0033] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended embodiments and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mechanical anti-collision limiter, comprising a fixed housing (1), characterized in that: The top surface of the fixed box (1) has an opening, and a movable frame (2) is slidably connected inside the opening. Two symmetrically distributed mounting plates (13) are installed on the bottom surface of the movable frame (2), and the same primary buffer assembly (7) is installed on the top surface of the two mounting plates (13) and the top surface of the movable frame (2). The primary buffer assembly (7) has an opening. A U-shaped plate (11) is installed on the bottom surface of the movable frame (2), and two symmetrically distributed grooves are opened on the top surface of the U-shaped plate (11). Electromagnets (12) are installed inside the two grooves, and the electromagnets (12) are connected to the top surface of the fixed box (1). The walls form an adsorption fit. The bottom inner wall of the fixed box (1) is equipped with a multi-level buffer assembly (10), and the contact end of the multi-level buffer assembly (10) passes through the opening and is located inside the first-level buffer assembly (7). The top of the first-level buffer assembly (7) is equipped with an installation plate (8), and the top outer surface of the installation plate (8) is equipped with an arc-shaped buffer layer (9). The bottom of the outer surface of the fixed box (1) is equipped with a U-shaped connecting plate (3), and two symmetrically distributed auxiliary components are installed on both sides of the movable frame (2). The bottom end of the auxiliary components is fixedly connected to the U-shaped connecting plate (3), and an alarm (14) is installed in the middle of one side of the outer surface of the fixed box (1).

2. The mechanical anti-collision limiter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary buffer assembly (7) includes a fixed plate (71) and two telescopic rods (72). The top surface of the fixed plate (71) has two symmetrically distributed circular openings, which are respectively fitted onto the movable rods of the two telescopic rods (72). The fixed plate (71) is fixedly connected to the movable frame (2) by bolts. The movable rods of the two telescopic rods (72) are each fitted with a first spring (73). The top ends of the movable rods of the two telescopic rods (72) are fixedly connected to the mounting plate (8). The bottom surface of the fixed rods of the two telescopic rods (72) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (13).

3. The mechanical anti-collision limiter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage buffer assembly (10) includes a fixed block (101), two dampers (107) and a contact block (110). The fixed block (101) is fixed to the middle of the bottom inner wall of the fixed box (1). Limiting rods (102) are installed on both sides of the fixed block (101). Sliding blocks (103) are sleeved on the outer surfaces of the two limiting rods (102). Friction plates (104) are installed on the bottom outer surfaces of the two sliding blocks (103). Second springs (105) are sleeved on the outer surfaces of the two limiting rods (102). Limiting blocks (106) are installed at one end of the two limiting rods (102). The two limiting blocks (106) are fixed to the bottom inner wall of the fixed box (1).

4. A mechanical anti-collision limiter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The piston rods of the two dampers (107) are each fixed with a first connecting plate (108) at the top and a second connecting plate (109) at the bottom. The two first connecting plates (108) are hinged to the bottom outer surface of the contact block (110) and the two second connecting plates (109) are hinged to the top outer surface of the two sliding blocks (103). A circular groove is provided on the top outer surface of the contact block (110) and a pressure sensor (111) is installed inside the groove. The signal end of the pressure sensor (111) is connected to a microprocessor through a signal line.

5. A mechanical anti-collision limiter according to claim 1, characterized in that: All four auxiliary components include an extension plate (4), and the extension plate (4) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the movable frame (2). The top outer surface of the extension plate (4) is provided with a fixing port, and a stabilizing rod (5) is embedded inside the fixing port. A third spring (6) is sleeved on the outer surface of the stabilizing rod (5), and the bottom end of the stabilizing rod (5) is fixedly connected to the top outer surface of the U-shaped connecting plate (3).

6. A mechanical anti-collision limiter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening is located in the middle of the fixed plate (71), and the two dampers (107) and the contact block (110) are located between the two telescopic rods (72). The top surface of the U-shaped connecting plate (3) is provided with mounting holes that are evenly distributed.

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