Seismic damper for a bridge

Abstract

The utility model relates to bridge seismic resistance technical field, concretely relates to a bridge's seismic damping device, including counterweight, counterweight is provided with damping support along one end of first direction, counterweight is divided into at least two sub -blocks along first direction, and two adjacent sub -blocks are slidably connected through friction slip structure, friction slip structure includes slide groove, tab and rubber interlayer, slide groove sets up on one of two adjacent sub -blocks, and the length of slide groove is along second direction setting, tab sets up on another of two adjacent sub -blocks, and tab is embedded in slide groove, and the width of tab along third direction is less than the corresponding width of slide groove, rubber interlayer sets up between the two faces of slide groove and tab along first direction. The utility model can overcome the technical problem that the counterweight of the existing mass damper adopts the integral structure, leads to its difficult energy release according to the seismic intensity grading, and also easy to directly overall failure because of local overload, and the maintainability is low, and the operation and maintenance cost is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bridge seismic resistance technology, and in particular to a bridge seismic damping device. Background Technology

[0002] Mass dampers are a type of damper commonly used in bridge seismic design. They generally consist of a counterweight connected to the beam via a damping bearing. When an earthquake causes the bridge to vibrate, the counterweight vibrates along with the beam. However, due to inertia, the vibration of the counterweight lags behind that of the bridge. This allows the counterweight to generate a force opposite to the beam's vibration to suppress the bridge's vibration, while also driving the damping bearing to dissipate vibration energy through mechanisms such as deformation, friction, or viscous resistance (the specific method depends on the type of damping bearing).

[0003] However, existing counterweights mostly adopt an integral structure, which leads to a single energy dissipation path and a shock absorption effect that is either "all" or "none". It is difficult to release energy according to the seismic intensity classification and is prone to failure due to local overload under high-intensity earthquakes. On the other hand, when the counterweight is partially damaged, the integral structure also means that the counterweight can only be replaced as a whole, resulting in low maintainability and high operation and maintenance costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of damping device. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the technical problems of existing mass dampers, which use an integral structure for the counterweight block, making it difficult to release energy according to the seismic intensity classification, and easily leading to direct overall failure due to local overload, as well as low maintainability and high operation and maintenance costs, and to provide a seismic damping device for bridges.

[0005] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a seismic damping device for bridges, comprising: The counterweight has a damping support at one end along the first direction. The counterweight is divided into at least two blocks along the first direction, and two adjacent blocks are slidably connected by a friction sliding structure. The friction sliding structure includes a groove, a protrusion, and a rubber interlayer. The groove is disposed on one of two adjacent segments, and the length of the groove is set along a second direction. The protrusion is disposed on the other of the two adjacent segments, and the protrusion is embedded in the groove. The width of the protrusion along a third direction is less than the corresponding width of the groove. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are mutually perpendicular. The rubber interlayer is disposed between the two surfaces of the groove and the protrusion facing each other along the first direction.

[0006] Preferably, the sidewall of the chute is provided with a strip-shaped hole, the length of which is set along the second direction; a limit pin is provided on the sidewall of the protrusion, and the limit pin passes through the strip-shaped hole.

[0007] Preferably, the number of strip holes is greater than one, and the strip holes are spaced apart along the second direction; the number and position of the limiting pins match the number and position of the strip holes.

[0008] Preferably, the groove is located on the side of the block closest to the damping support, and the protrusion is located on the side of the block furthest from the damping support.

[0009] Preferably, the counterweight includes a hollow structure.

[0010] Preferably, the hollow structure includes a honeycomb-shaped hollow.

[0011] Preferably, the number of damping supports is at least four, and the damping supports are distributed at intervals on the counterweight along the second direction and the third direction.

[0012] Preferably, a support pad is provided at the end of the damping support away from the counterweight.

[0013] Preferably, the damping support includes a rubber support.

[0014] Preferably, the outer surface of the segment is provided with an anti-corrosion coating.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This invention provides a seismic damping device for bridges. By dividing a counterweight into at least two blocks along a first direction and connecting the blocks in series using a friction sliding structure, the counterweight can not only dissipate vibration energy as a whole, but also dissipate vibration energy through frictional sliding between adjacent blocks. Furthermore, during a major earthquake, a plastic deformation energy dissipation mechanism is further formed between the blocks to dissipate vibration energy. This invention not only has at least two energy dissipation paths, but also at least two levels of energy dissipation mechanisms. It can adaptively adjust the energy dissipation path according to different earthquake levels to dissipate vibration energy in stages, and reduce the risk of overall failure due to overload failure of a single energy dissipation mechanism. At the same time, it can also improve the versatility and maintainability of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a bridge seismic damping device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view structural schematic diagram of a bridge seismic damping device according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of the seismic damping device for a bridge according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a bridge seismic damping device after it is connected to the beam body according to this utility model. icon: 1-Counterweight; 10-Divider; 11-Slide groove; 12-Protrusion; 13-Rubber interlayer; 14-Strip hole; 15-Limiting pin; 16-Hollow structure; 2-Damping support; 3-Beam; 4-Support pad. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments. All technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" used in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention to indicate orientation or positional relationships are expressions based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device of the present invention is usually placed during use. These terms of orientation or positional relationships are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, so as to facilitate the quick understanding of the solution by those skilled in the art, and are not intended to indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0018] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," and "parallel" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, or parallel, but rather that it can be slightly tilted or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," or "parallel" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.

[0019] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in the terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be construed as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a specific component. Additionally, in the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "several," "multiple," and "several" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, and may even exceed nine. Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0020] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a bridge seismic damping device includes a counterweight 1. A damping support 2 is provided at one end of the counterweight 1 along a first direction. The counterweight 1 is divided into at least two segments 10 along the first direction, and adjacent segments 10 are slidably connected by a friction sliding structure. The friction sliding structure includes a groove 11, a protrusion 12, and a rubber interlayer 13. The groove 11 is disposed on one of the adjacent segments 10, with its length along a second direction and its width along a third direction. The protrusion 12 is disposed on the other of the adjacent segments 10, and the protrusion 12 is embedded in the groove 11. 12 can slide in the groove 11 along the second direction, thereby generating a relative displacement between two adjacent blocks 10 along the second direction; the width of the protrusion 12 along the third direction is less than the corresponding width of the groove 11, so that there is an movable gap between the protrusion 12 and the groove 11 along the third direction, thereby enabling the protrusion 12 to also slide in the groove 11 along the third direction, thereby generating a relative displacement between two adjacent blocks 10 along the third direction; the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other; the rubber interlayer 13 is disposed between the two surfaces of the groove 11 and the protrusion 12 facing each other along the first direction.

[0021] exist Figures 1 to 4 The system also uses a Cartesian coordinate system to label the various directions; the Z-axis represents the first direction, i.e., the height direction; the X-axis represents the second direction, i.e., the longitudinal direction; and the Y-axis represents the third direction, i.e., the transverse direction. It is important to note that... Figures 1 to 4 The middle counterweight 1 includes three blocks 10, which is just one example. The actual number of blocks 10 can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs. Figure 2The protrusion 12 is separated from the block 10 by dashed lines, simply to make it easier to distinguish the position of the protrusion 12. The protrusion 12 can be a part of the integrated block 10 or an independent component connected to the block 10. Figure 1 and Figure 2 To more clearly show the rubber interlayer 13 and the movable gap, the gap between the groove 11 and the protrusion 12 has been artificially enlarged.

[0022] In this embodiment, the counterweight 1 is divided into at least two segments 10 along the first direction, and the segments 10 are connected in series using a friction sliding structure. In use, the counterweight 1 is connected to the controlled structure through the damping support 2. When the controlled structure vibrates, not only will the counterweight 1 as a whole displace relative to the controlled structure due to its own inertia, thereby driving the damping support 2 to dissipate vibration energy through mechanisms such as deformation, friction, or viscous resistance (the specific method depends on the model of the damping support 2), but also the two adjacent segments 10 in the counterweight 1 will also displace relative to each other due to their different positions. The segment 10 further away from the damping support 2 will move more lagging behind the controlled structure, so that the two adjacent segments 10 can also generate frictional sliding at the rubber interlayer 13, thereby dissipating vibration energy by utilizing frictional sliding. That is, this embodiment breaks down the whole into parts, so that the counterweight 1 can not only dissipate vibration energy as a whole, but also dissipate vibration energy by utilizing frictional sliding between adjacent segments 10. This embodiment has at least two energy dissipation paths, thereby greatly reducing the risk of overall failure due to local structural overload.

[0023] When a major earthquake causes excessive vibration in the controlled structure, the relative motion between two adjacent blocks 10 will also increase accordingly. This causes the sidewalls of the slide 11 and the protrusion 12 to come into direct contact with each other, thereby forcing the blocks 10 to undergo plastic deformation. This embodiment adds a plastic deformation energy dissipation mechanism to the friction sliding energy dissipation mechanism. That is, this embodiment includes two levels of energy dissipation gradients. It can adaptively adjust the energy dissipation path according to different earthquake levels to dissipate vibration energy in stages, thereby providing the most suitable seismic resistance effect for the controlled structure. It can also further reduce the risk of the entire embodiment failing due to the overload failure of a single energy dissipation mechanism.

[0024] Meanwhile, the modular structure of the block 10 in this embodiment is advantageous in reducing the transportation and welding difficulties of this embodiment by transporting and assembling in separate parts. It also allows for adapting to different vibration reduction requirements by changing the number of blocks 10, and allows for partial replacement of damaged blocks 10 while retaining other undamaged blocks 10 when some blocks 10 are damaged. This improves the versatility and maintainability of this embodiment.

[0025] The way in which the segments 10 are directly connected by sliding grooves 11 and protrusions 12 has two advantages. First, it provides a limit for the two adjacent segments along the third direction, reducing the risk of the two adjacent segments 10 separating due to excessive displacement along the third direction. Second, it also helps to increase the contact area between the segments 10, thereby better distributing and transmitting the pressure on the contact surface and avoiding excessive local stress. At the same time, when assembling the counterweight 1, the cooperation between the sliding grooves 11 and protrusions 12 can also produce a guiding effect, thereby helping to improve the construction speed of this embodiment.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the sidewall of the slide 11 is provided with a strip hole 14. The specific shape of the strip hole 14 includes, but is not limited to, a rectangle, an ellipse, or a racetrack shape, as long as its length is set along the second direction. The sidewall of the protrusion 12 is provided with a limit pin 15. The specific structure of the limit pin 15 includes, but is not limited to, a steel column or a pre-embedded bolt, as long as its diameter is smaller than the length and width of the strip hole 14 (the dimension of the strip hole 14 along the first direction), so that it can pass through the strip hole 14 and move relative to the strip hole 14 along the second direction.

[0027] This embodiment can restrict the relative movement of two adjacent blocks 10 by the cooperation of the strip hole 14 and the limiting pin 15. Since the length of the strip hole 14 is greater than the diameter of the limiting pin 15, the cooperation of the strip hole 14 and the limiting pin 15 will not hinder the relative movement of two adjacent blocks 10 along the second and third directions, and can also prevent the two adjacent blocks 10 from separating due to excessive relative movement.

[0028] Meanwhile, when the earthquake magnitude is too large, the two adjacent blocks 10 will also experience a larger relative displacement, which will cause the limiting pin 15 to abut against the side wall of the strip hole 14 and bear shear force. When the shear force is too large and the limiting pin 15 is sheared off, the limitation of the limiting pin 15 on the relative displacement between the two adjacent blocks 10 is released, and the two adjacent blocks 10 can have a larger scale of relative displacement, which can avoid the situation where the two adjacent blocks 10 directly collide rigidly and cause structural damage during a major earthquake.

[0029] In an optional embodiment, the end of the limiting pin 15 facing away from the protrusion 12 passes through the segment 10 and is provided with a limiting stop. The distance from the limiting stop to the side wall of the protrusion 12 is greater than the thickness of the side wall of the slide groove 11. This allows for a certain distance of freedom of movement along the third direction between two adjacent segments 10, and also allows the pin to abut against the side wall of one of the segments 10 when the relative displacement of the two adjacent segments 10 along the third direction is too large, thereby preventing further relative displacement of the two adjacent segments 10 along the third direction. The specific structure of the limiting stop includes, but is not limited to, a shoulder, a stop block, or a retaining ring. For example, a hexagonal head bolt can be used directly as the limiting pin 15, and its hexagonal head can be used as the limiting stop.

[0030] In an optional embodiment, the number of strip holes 14 is greater than one, and the strip holes 14 are spaced apart along the second direction; the number and position of the limiting pins 15 are matched with the number and position of the strip holes 14.

[0031] This embodiment can improve the ability of the strip hole 14 and the limiting pin 15 to restrict the relative movement between two adjacent blocks 10, thereby further reducing the risk of the two adjacent blocks 10 separating from each other.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, the groove 11 is disposed on the side of the block 10 near the damping support 2, and the protrusion 12 is disposed on the side of the block 10 away from the damping support 2.

[0033] In this embodiment, the groove 11 is located on the bottom surface of the block 10, while the protrusion 12 is located on the top surface of the block 10. On the one hand, it is convenient to use the cooperation between the groove 11 and the protrusion 12 to provide guidance for the block 10 when assembling each block 10. On the other hand, it can also avoid the situation where rainwater, mud and sand and other debris accumulate in the groove and are difficult to clean, and will have a negative impact on the installation accuracy of the block 10.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, the difference between the width of the protrusion 12 and the width of the groove 11 does not need to be too large. The difference between the width of the protrusion 12 and the width of the groove 11 can be greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 6 mm, so that there is a gap of 1 mm to 3 mm between the two sides of the protrusion 12 and the two sides of the groove 11 respectively.

[0035] In optional embodiments, the material of block 10 includes, but is not limited to, metal, concrete, or stone.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, the outer surface of the block 10 may be provided with an anti-corrosion coating, such as a zinc plating coating or an anti-rust paint, thereby improving the environmental adaptability of this embodiment.

[0037] In an optional embodiment, the rubber interlayer 13 may be made of existing products, including but not limited to high-damping rubber, neoprene rubber, nitrile rubber or silicone rubber.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, the counterweight 1 includes a hollow structure 16, including but not limited to making the entire counterweight 1 into a hollow structure 16, or making only a part of the counterweight 1 into a hollow structure 16; the specific shape of the hollow structure 16 includes but is not limited to triangular hollow, square hollow or circular hollow.

[0039] This embodiment can optimize the material utilization rate of the counterweight 1 through the hollow structure 16, which is beneficial to reduce the weight of the counterweight 1 without changing the load-bearing capacity, thereby reducing the load on the controlled structure generated by this embodiment. On the other hand, this solution can also optimize the stress distribution in the counterweight 1 through the hollow structure 16, thereby guiding the plastic deformation path, achieving uniform stress distribution and delaying fatigue crack propagation, thereby improving the service life of this embodiment.

[0040] In an optional embodiment, the perforated structure 16 includes a honeycomb perforation.

[0041] In an optional implementation, the damping support 2 can be an existing product, such as a viscous damping support, a metal damping support, or a friction pendulum support.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, the damping support 2 includes a rubber support, which can reduce the hardware cost and structural complexity of this embodiment.

[0043] In an optional embodiment, the number of damping supports 2 is at least four, and the damping supports 2 are distributed at intervals on the counterweight 1 along the second direction and the third direction.

[0044] This embodiment can distribute the weight of the counterweight 1 more evenly on the beam 3, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the beam 3 due to local stress concentration; on the other hand, it can also improve the seismic performance and robustness of this embodiment through multiple damping supports 2.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, a support pad 4 is provided at the end of the damping support 2 away from the counterweight block 1. The support pad 4 is used to connect with the beam 3, so that the load generated in this embodiment can be transferred to the beam 3 more evenly.

[0046] In an optional embodiment, since the bridge's seismic damping device has different damping and shock reduction effects along the second direction and the third direction, when installing the bridge's seismic damping device on the bridge, the length of the chute 11 can be set along the longitudinal direction of the bridge, that is, the second direction of the bridge's seismic damping device is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the bridge, and the third direction of the bridge's seismic damping device is parallel to the transverse direction of the bridge, so as to better meet the actual shock reduction requirements of the bridge.

[0047] In an optional embodiment, if beam 3 is a box girder, the bridge's seismic damping device can be installed inside the box girder's cavity, thereby improving the space utilization rate of the box girder's internal space in this embodiment.

[0048] The above content is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A seismic damping device for bridges, characterized in that, include: A counterweight (1) is provided with a damping support (2) at one end along the first direction. The counterweight (1) is divided into at least two sub-blocks (10) along the first direction. Two adjacent sub-blocks (10) are slidably connected by a friction sliding structure. The friction sliding structure includes a groove (11), a protrusion (12), and a rubber interlayer (13). The groove (11) is disposed on one of two adjacent segments (10), and the length of the groove (11) is set along a second direction. The protrusion (12) is disposed on the other of two adjacent segments (10), and the protrusion (12) is embedded in the groove (11). The width of the protrusion (12) along a third direction is smaller than the corresponding width of the groove (11). The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are mutually perpendicular. The rubber interlayer (13) is disposed between the two surfaces of the groove (11) and the protrusion (12) facing each other along the first direction.

2. The seismic damping device for bridges according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sidewall of the slide (11) is provided with a strip hole (14), the length of which is set along the second direction; a limit pin (15) is provided on the sidewall of the protrusion (12), and the limit pin (15) passes through the strip hole (14).

3. The seismic damping device for a bridge according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of the strip holes (14) is greater than one, and the strip holes (14) are distributed at intervals along the second direction; the number and position of the limiting pins (15) are matched with the number and position of the strip holes (14).

4. A seismic damping device for bridges according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The groove (11) is disposed on the side of the block (10) close to the damping support (2), and the protrusion (12) is disposed on the side of the block (10) away from the damping support (2).

5. A seismic damping device for a bridge according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The counterweight (1) includes a hollow structure (16).

6. The seismic damping device for a bridge according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hollow structure (16) includes a honeycomb-shaped hollow.

7. A seismic damping device for bridges according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The number of damping supports (2) is at least four, and the damping supports (2) are distributed at intervals on the counterweight (1) along the second direction and the third direction.

8. A seismic damping device for a bridge according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The damping support (2) is provided with a support pad (4) at the end away from the counterweight (1).

9. A seismic damping device for a bridge according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The damping support (2) includes a rubber support.

10. A seismic damping device for a bridge according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The outer surface of the block (10) is provided with an anti-corrosion coating.

Images