Waterstop structure of rockfill face dam strip

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of building waterproofing, and provides a water stop structure of a rockfill face dam strip. The water stop structure comprises: a plastic sealing filler filled in a groove at a strip joint; a protective cover sheet covering the outside of the sealing filler; and a separation layer arranged between the sealing plastic material and the protective cover sheet and used for separating the sealing plastic material and the protective cover sheet to block the migration of small molecules between the plastic sealing filler and the protective cover sheet. By arranging the separation layer between the plastic sealing filler and the protective cover sheet, the migration and mutual penetration of small molecules between the two materials are effectively blocked, the material performance deterioration problem caused by the migration of small molecules is solved, the failure phenomena such as hardening, cracking, blackening, delamination and fracture of the protective cover sheet are eliminated, the reliability of the water stop structure is significantly improved, the service life of the water stop structure is prolonged, the maintenance frequency of the pumped storage power station dam within the design life is reduced, and the operation and maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of building waterproofing, and in particular to a water-stopping structure for a rockfill panel dam strip. Background Technology

[0002] Among related technologies, rockfill face dams have developed rapidly due to their good technical and economic advantages. Their seepage prevention system consists of concrete face panels, toe slabs, connecting slabs, seepage prevention walls, and water-stop strips, forming a closed seepage prevention system. The concrete face panels have both force transmission and seepage prevention functions. Because the dam is constructed using panel strip splicing, a seepage-proof structure is installed at the panel joints to eliminate panel displacement stress and prevent cracking, thus preventing water seepage. However, existing water-stopping structures are prone to failure problems such as hardening, cracking, blackening, delamination, and fracture, which seriously affect the water-stopping effect, shorten the life of the seepage-proof structure, and consequently increase the maintenance costs of dams and other structures. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a water-stopping structure for a rockfill panel dam strip, which solves the technical problems of short service life and easy water-stopping failure of existing seepage structures.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: This application provides a water-stopping structure for the strips of a rockfill dam, which is installed at the joints of the strips of the dam. The water-stopping structure includes: Plastic sealing filler is used to fill the grooves at the joints of the strips; A protective cover plate is provided to cover the outside of the sealing filler. An isolation layer is disposed between the sealing plastic material and the protective cover to separate the sealing plastic material and the protective cover, thereby blocking the migration of small molecules between the plastic sealing filler and the protective cover.

[0005] According to some embodiments of this application, the isolation layer is a metal layer, and the material of the metal layer includes at least one of aluminum, copper and stainless steel.

[0006] According to some embodiments of this application, the thickness of the isolation layer ranges from 0.05mm to 0.3mm.

[0007] According to some embodiments of this application, the edge of the isolation layer extends outward by a predetermined distance relative to the contact point between the plastic sealant and the strip; Alternatively, the edge of the isolation layer extends a predetermined distance relative to the contact point between the plastic sealant and the strip.

[0008] According to some embodiments of this application, the preset distance is 2cm-5cm.

[0009] According to some embodiments of this application, the protective cover is a coating-type protective cover or an anchoring-type protective cover.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, the thickness of the protective cover is 2mm-5mm.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, the protective cover is made of at least one of polyurea, polyurethane, ethylene propylene rubber, and natural rubber.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, the plastic sealant is at least one of asphalt-based plastic sealant, chloroprene rubber-based plastic sealant, and silicon-based plastic sealant, and the density of the plastic sealant is 0.9 g / cm³-2.0 g / cm³.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this application, the cross-sectional area of ​​the plastic sealing filler is 50cm²-500cm²; The groove is a V-shaped groove, wherein the V-shaped groove includes two opposing inclined surfaces formed between two adjacent strips, the included angle of the two inclined surfaces is in the range of 30°-120°, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the V-shaped groove is in the range of 50cm²-400cm².

[0014] The above technical solution provides a water-stopping structure for rockfill panel dam strips. By setting an isolation layer between the plastic sealing filler and the protective cover, the migration and interpenetration of small molecules between the two materials are effectively blocked, thereby solving the problem of material performance degradation caused by small molecule migration. This eliminates failure phenomena such as hardening, cracking, blackening, delamination, and fracture of the protective cover, significantly improving the reliability of the water-stopping structure. It also extends the service life of the water-stopping structure, reduces the maintenance frequency of pumped storage power station dams within their design life, lowers operation and maintenance costs, and improves the economic benefits of the project. It is suitable for pumped storage power stations with periodic water level fluctuations and can maintain stable water-stopping performance under harsh conditions such as large-scale periodic water pressure changes and prominent structural joint deformation, meeting the high requirements of pumped storage power stations for seepage prevention and reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a water-stopping structure of a rockfill panel dam strip according to an exemplary embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another water-stopping structure of a rockfill panel dam strip according to an exemplary embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an inner enveloping isolation layer structure of a water-stopping structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Protective cover; 2. Isolation layer; 3. Plastic sealing filler; 4. Groove; 5. Strip. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Through these descriptions, the features and advantages of the present application will become clearer and more apparent.

[0019] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments. Although various aspects of embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0020] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0021] Currently, rockfill face dams are developing rapidly due to their good technical and economic advantages. Their seepage prevention system consists of concrete face panels, toe slabs, connecting slabs, cutoff walls, and water-stop strips, forming a closed seepage prevention system. The concrete face panels serve both load-bearing and seepage prevention functions. To eliminate displacement stress and prevent cracking of the face panels, concrete grooves are provided at the joints, filled with plastic sealing filler with Bingham fluid properties (for seepage prevention). The surface of the filler is covered with a cover plate of high-molecular elastomer, which not only isolates the filler from water but also uniformly transmits pressure to deform the filler and improve the water-stopping effect. However, statistics show that dam repair rates due to seepage caused by waterproofing failure reach 30%-40%. Therefore, the reliability of seepage prevention directly affects project quality, operational safety, and maintenance costs. Especially under conditions of temperature changes, water pressure fluctuations, and geological deformation, panel deformation increases the risk of joint sealing failure. Pumped storage power stations, due to daily periodic large fluctuations in water level, experience even more pronounced structural joint deformation, demanding higher standards for seepage prevention. In existing structures, the cover plate is in direct contact with the plastic filler, and the small molecules contained in both can migrate and permeate over a long period, leading to changes in material composition, deterioration of physical properties, and accelerated aging. Directly exposed cover plates are prone to hardening, cracking, blackening, delamination, and breakage, severely affecting the waterproofing effect, shortening the lifespan of the seepage prevention structure, and increasing maintenance costs.

[0022] This application provides a water-stopping structure for a rockfill panel dam strip. By improving the water-stopping structure, an isolation layer is set between the plastic sealing filler and the protective cover plate, which can effectively block the migration and interpenetration of small molecules between the two materials. This effectively avoids the material performance degradation caused by small molecule migration, eliminates failure phenomena such as hardening, cracking, blackening, delamination and fracture of the protective cover plate, significantly improves the reliability of the water-stopping structure, extends the service life of the water-stopping structure, reduces the maintenance frequency of pumped storage power station dams within their design life, and lowers operation and maintenance costs.

[0023] The technical solution of this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and implementation methods can be combined with each other.

[0024] An exemplary embodiment of this utility model provides a water-stopping structure for a rockfill panel dam strip, such as... Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a water-stopping structure for a rockfill panel dam strip according to an exemplary embodiment. The water-stopping structure includes: a plastic sealing filler 3, a protective cover 1, and an isolation layer 2. This structure is mainly used in the seepage prevention system of pumped storage power station dams, and is particularly suitable for water-stopping and sealing at the joints of the panels.

[0025] Specifically, the plastic sealant 3 is filled in the groove 4 at the joint of the strip 5 (i.e., the concrete panel); the protective cover 1 covers the outside of the sealant; the isolation layer 2 is set between the sealing plastic material and the protective cover 1 to separate the sealing plastic material and the protective cover 1, so as to block the migration of small molecules between the plastic sealant 3 and the protective cover 1.

[0026] In this exemplary embodiment, by improving the water-stopping structure, an isolation layer 2 is provided between the plastic sealing filler 3 and the protective cover 1, which can effectively block the migration and interpenetration of small molecules between the two materials, effectively avoid the material performance degradation caused by small molecule migration, eliminate failure phenomena such as hardening, cracking, blackening, delamination and breakage of the protective cover 1, significantly improve the reliability of the water-stopping structure, extend the service life of the water-stopping structure, reduce the maintenance frequency of the pumped storage power station dam within the design life, and reduce operation and maintenance costs.

[0027] In some exemplary embodiments, the isolation layer 2 is a metal layer. Specifically, the isolation layer 2 is made of a metal material, preferably aluminum, copper, or stainless steel. Aluminum is lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and relatively inexpensive; copper has good ductility and durability; and stainless steel has excellent strength and corrosion resistance.

[0028] Optionally, the thickness of the isolation layer 2 is controlled within the range of 0.05 mm to 0.3 mm, preferably 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm. This thickness range ensures effective blocking of small molecule migration without excessively increasing the structural thickness or affecting the overall flexibility. The isolation layer 2 is designed as a flexible sheet structure, which can deform accordingly with the deformation of the plastic sealing filler 3 under water pressure, always maintaining a close fit with the filler and the protective cover 1 to ensure the barrier effect.

[0029] In some exemplary embodiments, the envelope of the isolation layer 2 has two design forms, including an outer envelope design and an inner envelope design.

[0030] In envelope-type designs, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the edge of the isolation layer 2 extends outwards by a first predetermined distance relative to the contact point between the plastic sealant 3 and the strip 5. Optionally, this first predetermined distance ranges from 2cm to 5cm, preferably 3cm to 4cm. This design provides a larger protection range and is suitable for joints with significant deformation. It should be noted that... Figure 1 When the plastic sealant 3 protrudes slightly from the groove 4 after filling, the aforementioned "contact point between the plastic sealant 3 and the strip 5" can be understood as... Figure 1 At the outermost edge where the medium-plastic sealing filler 3 meets the strip 5, corresponding to the bending angle of the isolation layer 2; Figure 2 When the plastic sealant 3 is flush with the groove 4 after filling, the aforementioned "contact point between the plastic sealant 3 and the strip 5" can be understood as... Figure 2 The upper edge of the middle groove 4.

[0031] In inner envelope design, such as Figure 3 As shown, the edge of the isolation layer 2 is recessed inward by a predetermined distance relative to the contact point between the plastic sealant 3 and the strip 5, that is, the edge of the isolation layer 2 is inserted into the space between the plastic sealant 3 and the strip 5 by a certain distance. Optionally, the second predetermined distance ranges from 2cm to 5cm, preferably from 3cm to 4cm. This design can prevent the edge of the isolation layer 2 from being exposed and is suitable for occasions where appearance requirements are high or additional protection is needed.

[0032] In some exemplary embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the protective cover 1 is either a coating-type protective cover or an anchoring-type protective cover.

[0033] Specifically, the protective cover 1 covers the surface of the isolation layer 2, serving to protect the internal structure and transmit water pressure. Specifically: a coating-type protective cover is directly adhered to the surface of the isolation layer 2 using adhesive, simplifying construction and suitable for smooth joints; an anchored type protective cover is fixed to the isolation layer 2 using mechanical anchors, providing a more secure connection and suitable for conditions subject to higher water pressure or vibration. Optionally, the thickness of the protective cover 1 is 2mm to 5mm, preferably 3mm to 4mm, and the material is a high-molecular elastomer material, including polyurea, polyurethane, ethylene propylene rubber, or natural rubber. Polyurea has excellent wear resistance and weather resistance; polyurethane has good elasticity and adhesion; ethylene propylene rubber has outstanding ozone resistance and weather resistance; and natural rubber has excellent elasticity and resilience.

[0034] It should be noted that the two types of protective covers 1 mentioned above can be further fixedly connected to the strip 5 via connectors, thereby improving the overall structural strength and stability of the water-stop structure and the groove 4. Optionally, the connectors can be bolts, screws, etc.

[0035] In some exemplary embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the plastic sealing filler 3 is at least one of asphalt-based plastic filler, neoprene rubber-based plastic filler, and silicone-based plastic filler. Optionally, the density of the plastic sealing filler 3 is 0.9 g / cm³-2.0 g / cm³. The cross-sectional area of ​​the plastic sealing filler 3 is 50 cm²-500 cm²; the groove 4 is a V-shaped groove, wherein the V-shaped groove includes two opposing inclined surfaces formed between two adjacent strips 5, the included angle between the two inclined surfaces is in the range of 30°-120°, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the V-shaped groove is in the range of 50 cm²-400 cm².

[0036] Specifically, in this embodiment, the groove 4 is formed at the joint of adjacent strips 5 to accommodate the waterproofing material and eliminate stress caused by panel displacement, preventing panel cracking. The angle of the groove 4 can be selected within the range of 30° to 120° according to actual engineering needs, preferably 60° to 90°. This angle range ensures sufficient accommodating space while facilitating the filling and compaction of the filler. The cross-sectional area of ​​the groove 4 is designed to be 50cm² to 400cm², with the specific dimensions determined based on the joint width and expected deformation. For conventional pumped storage power stations, the cross-sectional area of ​​the groove 4 is typically selected to be 100cm² to 200cm², which can meet the requirements of most operating conditions.

[0037] Plastic sealing filler 3 is filled into the groove 4 as the main seepage-proof material. This plastic sealing filler 3 is a Bingham fluid, capable of moderate deformation under water pressure, filling the joint gaps and achieving a water-stopping effect. Depending on the application environment and performance requirements, the plastic sealing filler 3 can be made of asphalt-based, neoprene-based, or silicone-based plastic filler. Asphalt-based plastic filler has a lower cost and is suitable for normal temperature environments; neoprene-based plastic filler has good weather resistance and elasticity; and silicone-based plastic filler has excellent high and low temperature resistance and chemical stability. The cross-sectional area of ​​the plastic sealing filler 3 is designed to be between 50 cm² and 500 cm², and the density is controlled within the range of 0.9 g / cm³ to 2.0 g / cm³, ensuring appropriate fluidity and compactness.

[0038] In some exemplary embodiments, to improve construction efficiency and installation accuracy, the isolation layer 2 can be pre-composite with other components. Optionally, one approach is to pre-composite the isolation layer 2 with the protective cover 1 into an integral structure. In the factory, the thin metal isolation layer 2 is combined with the polymer protective cover 1 through hot pressing, bonding, or lamination processes to form a composite cover. During on-site construction, the composite cover is directly laid on the surface of the plastic sealant 3. Another approach is to pre-composite the isolation layer 2 with the plastic sealant 3 into an integral structure. During the production process of the plastic sealant 3, the metal isolation layer 2 is covered or adhered to the surface of the filler to form a prefabricated filler block with the isolation layer 2. This prefabricated component will not experience problems such as adhesion or deformation during installation, and is convenient for transportation and construction.

[0039] In addition, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when using Figure 1 When the plastic sealing filler 3 protrudes from the groove 4 after filling, it is suitable for tension joints. In tension joints, the joint tends to open, and the plastic sealing filler 3 will elongate under tensile stress. At this time, the flexible isolation layer 2 can deform accordingly, maintaining its complete barrier function. Figure 2 When the plastic sealant 3 is flush with the groove 4 after filling, it can be used in compression joints. In compression joints, the joint tends to compress, the plastic sealant 3 is deformed under pressure, and the isolation layer 2 can still maintain a tight fit with the filler and the protective cover 1 under compressive stress.

[0040] The water-stopping structure in this embodiment is particularly suitable for pumped-storage power stations. During the operation of a pumped-storage power station, the water level in the upper reservoir rises and falls periodically every day, causing significant periodic changes in the water pressure on the dam face, resulting in frequent and severe deformation at the joints. In traditional water-stopping structures, because the protective cover 1 and the plastic sealing filler 3 are in direct contact, small-molecule plasticizers and solvents in the two materials migrate and permeate into each other, leading to material performance degradation. The protective cover 1 exhibits hardening, cracking, blackening, and delamination, with a service life of only 3 to 5 years. With the water-stopping structure in this embodiment, the isolation layer 2 effectively blocks the migration path of small molecules, extending the service life of the protective cover 1 to 5 to 7 years, significantly reducing maintenance frequency and lowering operation and maintenance costs.

[0041] It should be noted that the materials used in this water-stopping structure are all conventional engineering materials, readily available. The processing and forming of the isolation layer 2 is simple, and it can be manufactured using conventional processes such as rolling and stamping. The construction process is similar to that of traditional water-stopping structures, requiring no special construction equipment or technology, and it has good engineering application value and prospects for promotion. By adding an isolation layer 2 between the plastic sealing filler 3 and the protective cover 1, the long-standing problem of small molecule migration in rockfill dam water-stopping structures has been solved, improving the reliability and durability of the seepage prevention system.

[0042] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship in the working state of this application. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0043] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0044] The present application has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments; however, these embodiments are merely exemplary and illustrative. Various substitutions and modifications can be made to the present application based on these embodiments, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A water-stopping structure for strips of a rockfill dam, installed at the joints of the strips of the dam, characterized in that, The water-stopping structure includes: Plastic sealing filler is used to fill the grooves at the joints of the strips; A protective cover plate is provided to cover the outside of the sealing filler. An isolation layer is disposed between the sealing plastic material and the protective cover to separate the sealing plastic material and the protective cover, thereby blocking the migration of small molecules between the plastic sealing filler and the protective cover.

2. The water-stopping structure of the rockfill panel dam strip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation layer is a metal layer, and the material of the metal layer includes at least one of aluminum, copper and stainless steel.

3. The water-stopping structure of the rockfill panel dam strip according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the isolation layer ranges from 0.05mm to 0.3mm.

4. The water-stopping structure of the rockfill face dam strip according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The edge of the isolation layer extends outward by a predetermined distance relative to the contact point between the plastic sealing filler and the strip; Alternatively, the edge of the isolation layer extends a predetermined distance relative to the contact point between the plastic sealant and the strip.

5. The water-stopping structure of the rockfill panel dam strip according to claim 4, characterized in that, The preset distance is 2cm-5cm.

6. The water-stopping structure of the rockfill panel dam strip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective cover is either a coating-type protective cover or an anchoring-type protective cover.

7. The water-stopping structure of the rockfill panel dam strip according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The protective cover is made of at least one of polyurea, polyurethane, ethylene propylene rubber, and natural rubber.

8. The water-stopping structure of the rockfill panel dam strip according to claim 7, characterized in that, The thickness of the protective cover is 2mm-5mm.

9. The water-stopping structure of the rockfill panel dam strip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plastic sealant is at least one of asphalt-based plastic sealant, chloroprene rubber-based plastic sealant, and silicon-based plastic sealant, and the density of the plastic sealant is 0.9 g / cm³-2.0 g / cm³.

10. The water-stopping structure of the rockfill panel dam strip according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the plastic sealing filler is 50cm²-500cm²; The groove is a V-shaped groove, wherein the V-shaped groove includes two opposing inclined surfaces formed between two adjacent strips, the included angle of the two inclined surfaces is in the range of 30°-120°, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the V-shaped groove is in the range of 50cm²-400cm².

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