An ecological ditch structure for agricultural non-point source pollution treatment

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of ecological ditch structure for agricultural non-point source pollution control, including base soil and ditch main body, the ditch main body includes side slope, the side slope is fixedly connected with base soil, the side slope is made of C15 concrete, the top of ditch main body is equipped with ridge, the ridge is concrete roof, and the ridge is provided by guardrail, the guardrail can prevent human interference and other pollutants into river. The bottom of ditch main body is provided with impermeable layer, adsorption layer, clay layer, plant growth base and aquatic plant layer from bottom to top, a plurality of groups of slow flow plates are installed on the clay layer with inclination equidistance, and a plurality of groups of floating islands are arranged in the gap between the plurality of groups of slow flow plates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of hot-dip galvanizing technology, and more specifically, it relates to an ecological ditch structure for the treatment of agricultural non-point source pollution. Background Technology

[0002] Agricultural non-point source pollution not only degrades rural ecosystems by eroding soil, but also increases the incidence of foodborne diseases through water and food pollution, causing incalculable economic losses and social harm. Due to the dispersed, uncertain, delayed, and dual nature of agricultural non-point source pollution, it is difficult to identify regulatory targets and pollution control entities. Conventional ecological environment management models are insufficient for daily work needs, thus placing higher demands on governance models, monitoring systems, and regulatory methods. In terms of prevention and control pathways, efforts should extend from source reduction to process interruption, nutrient reuse, and ecological restoration. A technology database for agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control should be established to form easily replicable and scalable governance models and management measures, gradually achieving industrialization and large-scale effects. Currently, commonly used technologies for process interruption include ecological ditch technology, constructed wetland technology, paddy field absorption technology, pre-storage technology, and T-type submerged dam technology. Among these, ecological ditch technology is widely used due to its advantage of not requiring additional arable land occupation.

[0003] However, in actual use, the water flow speed and volume fluctuations in ditches are directly affected by hydraulic conditions, which directly impact the residence time and degradation effect of pollutants. For example, a surge in water volume during heavy rain may cause the water flow to be too fast, and pollutants may be discharged before they can be adsorbed or decomposed. Insufficient water volume during drought may cause local drying of ditches, reducing microbial activity and the ability to adsorb and degrade pollutants. Poor buffering and interception capacity means that when the concentration of pollutants suddenly increases (such as runoff after excessive application of fertilizers in farmland), the ecological ditch has limited buffering capacity and is prone to unstable treatment effects. Inappropriate slope settings can also cause problems. If the slope is too steep, the water flow may erode the bottom of the ditch, damaging vegetation and substrate. If the slope is too shallow, it may cause water flow to stagnate and silt to accumulate, affecting ecological functions. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides an ecological ditch structure for the treatment of agricultural non-point source pollution, thereby resolving the issues raised in the background art.

[0005] The purpose and effectiveness of this utility model's ecological ditch structure for agricultural non-point source pollution control are achieved through the following specific technical means:

[0006] An ecological ditch structure for agricultural non-point source pollution control includes a base soil and a ditch body. The ditch body includes a side slope, which is fixedly connected to the base soil. The side slope is made of C15 concrete. The top of the ditch body has a slope top, which is sealed with concrete. A protective railing is installed on the slope top to prevent human interference and other pollutants from entering the river. The bottom of the ditch body has an impermeable layer, an adsorption layer, a clay layer, a plant growth base, and an aquatic plant layer from bottom to top. Multiple sets of flow-slowing plates are installed at equal intervals on the clay layer, and multiple sets of floating islands are arranged in the gaps between the multiple sets of flow-slowing plates.

[0007] Furthermore, the slope ratio of the side slope is 1:1, the upper end of the side slope is paved with a thick layer of masonry pebbles, the lower end of the side slope is provided with multiple sets of pebble layers, and the pebble layers and the concrete cushion layer are below the pebble layers.

[0008] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are that the pebble layer can filter and intercept non-point source pollutants from farmland, and the ecological holes provide habitat for animals.

[0009] Furthermore, the impermeable layer is composed of impermeable geotextile, and an adsorption layer is provided at the upper end of the impermeable layer. The adsorption layer is mainly composed of ceramsite and gravel mixed in a certain proportion.

[0010] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are that the installation of impermeable geotextile can effectively prevent the infiltration or runoff of farmland sewage, and the installation of ceramsite and gravel can facilitate the adsorption of pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus elements and pesticides in sewage, thereby reducing the pollutant content in sewage.

[0011] Furthermore, a clay layer is provided on the upper end of the adsorption layer, soil is provided on the clay layer, and a plant growth base is provided on the clay layer. The plant growth base is composed of 1-3cm bio-ceramic particles and a growth base.

[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are that the soil can provide the necessary substrate for the growth of submerged plants, the setting of plant growth substrate is conducive to improving the growth environment of aquatic plants, increasing the survival rate of plants, and preventing the soil from being washed away by the water flow.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper part of the plant growth base is an aquatic plant layer, and floating islands are provided on the aquatic plant layer. The floating island carrier is made of HDPE material. The floating islands enclose the plant growth area in two layers: the upper layer is the emergent plant growth area, and the lower layer is the submerged plant growth area.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are that pollutants are effectively transformed and intercepted through plant absorption and matrix adsorption, and the ditches are beautified while purifying the water quality.

[0015] Furthermore, multiple sets of flow-damping plates are alternately staggered to form an S-shaped channel. The height of the flow-damping plates decreases sequentially from front to back, and multiple sets of through holes are provided at the lower end of each flow-damping plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are that the setting of the flow-slowing plate can slow down the water flow speed, increase the water residence time, improve the efficiency of emergent plants in absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus elements in sewage, and the setting from high to low can effectively make the water flow graded, form backflow in a certain area, extend the water residence time, and the flow-slowing plate can buffer the impact of wind waves and water flow on the floating island, improve the stability of the floating island, and prevent the floating island from shifting.

[0017] Furthermore, the floating islands are underwater anchored, with two sets of fixed anchors at the lower end of each floating island, the lower ends of which are deeply embedded in the clay layer.

[0018] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions is that the underwater anchor ensures the stability of the floating island and makes it less susceptible to movement by wind, waves and currents.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This ecological ditch structure for agricultural non-point source pollution control utilizes a pebble layer to filter and intercept pollutants from farmland. Ecological pores provide habitat for animals. Impermeable geotextile effectively prevents agricultural wastewater infiltration or runoff. The inclusion of expanded clay and gravel facilitates the adsorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, and pesticide pollutants from wastewater, reducing pollutant levels. The clay layer provides a suitable substrate for submerged plants, and the plant growth substrate enhances the growing environment and improves plant survival rates. The system effectively converts and retains pollutants through plant absorption and matrix adsorption, beautifying the ditch while purifying the water. The flow-slowing plates slow down the water flow, increase the water's residence time, and improve the efficiency of emergent plants in absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus from the wastewater. The high-to-low arrangement of the plates effectively classifies the water flow, creating backflow within a certain area and extending the water's residence time. Furthermore, the flow-slowing plates buffer the impact of wind, waves, and water flow on the floating islands, improving their stability and preventing displacement. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is the Northeast isometric drawing of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 4 This is the utility modelFigure 2 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram, the correspondence between component names and drawing numbers is as follows:

[0027] 100. Subgrade soil; 200. Main body of the ditch; 201. Side slope; 202. Slope top; 203. Guardrail; 204. Pebble layer; 205. Ecological holes; 206. Concrete cushion layer; 207. Impermeable layer; 208. Adsorption layer; 209. Clay layer; 210. Plant growth base; 211. Aquatic plant layer; 212. Flow stabilizing plate; 213. Through hole; 214. Floating island; 215. Fixed anchor. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model.

[0029] Example:

[0030] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 4 As shown:

[0031] This utility model provides an ecological ditch structure for agricultural non-point source pollution control, including a base soil 100 and a ditch body 200. The ditch body 200 includes a side slope 201, which is fixedly connected to the base soil 100. The side slope 201 is made of C15 concrete. The top of the ditch body 200 is provided with a slope top 202, which is sealed with concrete. A protective railing 203 is installed on the slope top 202 to prevent human interference and other pollutants from entering the river. From bottom to top, the bottom of the ditch body 200 is provided with an impermeable layer 207, an adsorption layer 208, a clay layer 209, a plant growth base 210, and an aquatic plant layer 211. Multiple sets of flow-slowing plates 212 are installed obliquely and equidistantly on the clay layer 209, and multiple sets of floating islands 214 are provided in the gaps between the multiple sets of flow-slowing plates 212.

[0032] The slope 201 has a gradient of 1:1. A thick layer of masonry gravel 204 is laid at the upper end of the slope 201, and multiple sets of gravel layers 204 are laid at the lower end. Below the gravel layers 204 is a concrete cushion layer 206. The gravel layers 204 filter and intercept non-point source pollutants from farmland, while the ecological pores 205 provide habitat for animals. The impermeable layer 207 is composed of impermeable geotextile, and an adsorption layer 208 is located at its upper end. The adsorption layer 208 is mainly composed of expanded clay and gravel mixed in a certain proportion. The impermeable geotextile effectively prevents farmland sewage infiltration or runoff, while the expanded clay and gravel facilitate the adsorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, and pesticide pollutants in the sewage, reducing the pollutant content in the sewage.

[0033] A clay layer 209 is provided on the upper end of the adsorption layer 208, and soil is provided on the clay layer 209. A plant growth base 210 is provided on the clay layer 209. The plant growth base 210 is composed of 1-3cm biological ceramic particles and a growth base. The soil can provide the necessary substrate for the growth of submerged plants. The setting of the plant growth base 210 is conducive to improving the growth environment of aquatic plants, increasing the survival rate of plants, and preventing the soil from being washed away by the water flow. The upper part of the plant growth substrate 210 is an aquatic plant layer 211, on which floating islands 214 are provided. The carrier of the floating islands 214 is made of HDPE material. The floating islands 214 enclose the plant growth area in two layers: the upper layer is the emergent plant growth area, and the lower layer is the submerged plant growth area. The emergent plant growth area is planted with emergent plants that have a good effect on removing pollutants (common plants such as reeds, cattails, and calamus, along with native plants). The submerged plant growth area is planted with submerged plants (species with good pollutant removal effect and easy growth and survival, such as Vallisneria natans, Ceratophyllum demersum, and Hydrilla verticillata, along with native species). Pollutants are effectively transformed and intercepted through plant absorption and substrate adsorption, and the ditch is beautified while purifying the water quality.

[0034] Multiple sets of flow-damping plates 212 are alternately and staggered to form an S-shaped channel. The height of the flow-damping plates 212 decreases sequentially from front to back, and each flow-damping plate 212 has multiple sets of through holes 213 at its lower end. The flow-damping plates 212 can slow down the water flow velocity, increase the water residence time, and improve the efficiency of emergent plants in absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus elements in sewage. The high-to-low arrangement can effectively classify the water flow, form backflow in a certain area, and prolong the water residence time. The flow-damping plates 212 can also buffer the impact of wind, waves, and water flow on the floating island 214, improve the stability of the floating island 214, and prevent the floating island 214 from shifting. The floating island 214 adopts an underwater anchoring method. Each floating island 214 has two sets of fixed anchors 215 at its lower end. The lower end of the fixed anchors 215 is deeply embedded in the clay layer 209. The underwater anchors ensure the stability of the floating island 214 and prevent it from being moved by wind, waves, and water flow.

[0035] The specific usage and function of this embodiment are as follows:

[0036] When using this type of ecological ditch structure for agricultural non-point source pollution control, firstly, submerged plants (such as Vallisneria natans, Ceratophyllum demersum, and Hydrilla verticillata, which are effective at removing pollutants and are easy to grow and survive, along with native species) are planted in the clay layer 209. Then, floating islands 214 are installed into the gaps of flow-retardant plates 212 via fixed anchors 215. Emergent plants (such as reeds, cattails, and calamus, which are common and also native species) are planted on the floating islands 214. When water reaches the ditch, the flow-retardant plates 212 slow down the water flow, increase the water's residence time, and improve the efficiency of emergent and submerged plants in absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater. Furthermore, the high-to-low arrangement of the plates effectively stages the water flow, creating backflow within a certain area and extending the water's residence time. Furthermore, the flow-damping plate 212 can buffer the impact of wind waves and water flow on the floating island 214, improve the stability of the floating island 214, and prevent the floating island 214 from shifting. At the same time, the installation of impermeable geotextile can effectively prevent the infiltration or runoff of farmland sewage. The installation of ceramsite and gravel facilitates the adsorption of pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and pesticides in sewage, reducing the pollutant content in sewage. The soil of the clay layer 209 can provide the necessary substrate for the growth of submerged plants. The installation of plant growth substrate 210 is conducive to improving the growth environment of aquatic plants, increasing the survival rate of plants, and preventing soil from being washed away by water flow. Moreover, through the absorption of emergent and submerged plants in the aquatic plant layer 211 and the adsorption of substrate, pollutants are effectively transformed and intercepted, purifying water quality and beautifying ditches.

[0037] The embodiments of this utility model are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the utility model to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of this utility model, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand this utility model and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

Claims

1. An ecological ditch structure for agricultural non-point source pollution control, characterized in that... The ditch body (200) includes a base soil (100) and a ditch body (200). The ditch body (200) includes a side slope (201) which is fixedly connected to the base soil (100). The side slope (201) is made of C15 concrete. The top of the ditch body (200) is provided with a slope top (202), which is sealed with concrete. A guardrail (203) is provided on the slope top (202). The guardrail (203) can prevent human interference and other pollutants from entering the river. The bottom of the ditch body (200) is provided with an impermeable layer (207), an adsorption layer (208), a clay layer (209), a plant growth base (210), and an aquatic plant layer (211) from bottom to top. Multiple sets of flow-slowing plates (212) are installed at an inclined and equidistant distance on the clay layer (209). Multiple sets of floating islands (214) are provided in the gaps between the multiple sets of flow-slowing plates (212).

2. The ecological ditch structure for agricultural non-point source pollution control as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The slope ratio of the side slope (201) is 1:

1. The upper end of the side slope (201) is covered with a thick masonry pebble layer (204), and the lower end of the side slope (201) is provided with multiple sets of pebble layers (204). The pebble layer (204) and the pebble layer (204) are below a concrete cushion layer (206).

3. The ecological ditch structure for agricultural non-point source pollution control as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The impermeable layer (207) is composed of impermeable geotextile, and an adsorption layer (208) is provided at the upper end of the impermeable layer (207). The adsorption layer (208) is mainly composed of ceramsite and gravel mixed in a certain proportion.

4. The ecological ditch structure for agricultural non-point source pollution control as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption layer (208) has a clay layer (209) at its upper end, soil is provided on the clay layer (209), and a plant growth base (210) is provided on the clay layer (209). The plant growth base (210) is composed of 1-3cm bio-ceramic particles and a growth base.

5. The ecological ditch structure for agricultural non-point source pollution control as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the plant growth base (210) is an aquatic plant layer (211), and a floating island (214) is provided on the aquatic plant layer (211). The carrier of the floating island (214) is made of HDPE material. The floating island (214) encloses the plant growth area in two layers: the upper layer is the emergent plant growth area, and the lower layer is the submerged plant growth area.

6. The ecological ditch structure for agricultural non-point source pollution control as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple sets of the flow-retardant plates (212) are alternately staggered to form an S-shaped channel. The height of the flow-retardant plates (212) decreases from front to back, and multiple sets of through holes (213) are provided at the lower end of each flow-retardant plate (212).

7. The ecological ditch structure for agricultural non-point source pollution control as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The floating island (214) is underwater anchored. Each floating island (214) is provided with two sets of fixed anchors (215) at its lower end. The lower ends of the fixed anchors (215) are deeply embedded in the clay layer (209).

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