A new flood discharge and energy dissipation structure of high water head gravity dam

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering construction, concretely relates to a new type flood discharge and energy dissipation structure of high water head gravity dam, including gravity dam main part, the dam top A of gravity dam main part sets up overflow weir, and the gravity dam main part in the correspondence of overflow weir sets up vertical shaft, sets up the cyclone energy dissipation structure in the vertical shaft, sets up the horizontal spillway in the bottom of gravity dam main part, sets up the stilling basin at the dam foot of gravity dam main part, sets up the stone sea overflow outside stilling basin, and the vertical shaft is connected with horizontal spillway, stilling basin and stone sea overflow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering construction, specifically relating to a novel flood discharge and energy dissipation structure for high-head gravity dams. Background Technology

[0002] Gravity dams are dams that rely primarily on their own weight to maintain stability. Their flood discharge and energy dissipation mainly employ bottom flow energy dissipation, jet flow energy dissipation, or surface flow energy dissipation. However, for high-head gravity dams located very close to the upstream of a sharp bend in the river, conventional bottom flow energy dissipation, jet flow energy dissipation, or surface flow energy dissipation methods cannot meet the requirements for energy dissipation structure layout in plan view due to the non-straightness of the downstream river channel. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems mentioned in the background art and provide a new type of flood discharge and energy dissipation structure for high-head gravity dams. It adopts a vortex stepped vertical shaft structure to extend the length of the energy dissipation section within a limited space, thereby increasing the energy dissipation rate and enhancing the energy dissipation effect.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A novel flood discharge and energy dissipation structure for a high-head gravity dam includes a gravity dam body, an overflow weir at the top A of the gravity dam body, a vertical shaft corresponding to the overflow weir inside the gravity dam body, a vortex energy dissipation structure inside the vertical shaft, a horizontal spillway inside the bottom of the gravity dam body, an energy dissipation pool at the toe of the gravity dam body, and a boulder apron outside the energy dissipation pool. The vertical shaft is connected to the horizontal spillway, the energy dissipation pool, and the boulder apron.

[0006] Furthermore, the swirling energy dissipation structure includes an energy dissipation column installed inside the shaft, and a spiral staircase spiraling around the column as the center, with the outer side of the spiral staircase connected to the inner wall of the shaft.

[0007] Furthermore, the energy-dissipating vertical column and the spiral staircase are integrally cast with reinforced concrete.

[0008] Furthermore, the overflow weir is semi-circular, with an inlet on one side of the semi-circular overflow weir and a gate on the inlet.

[0009] Furthermore, the horizontal chute and stilling basin extend forward in a funnel shape from the direction of the energy dissipation shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the aforementioned rocky outcrop is curved and connected to the river channel.

[0011] The novel flood discharge and energy dissipation structure for high-head gravity dams of this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] No initial flow velocity is required when water enters the vertical shaft. The dam crest structure is simple. By setting up a vortex energy dissipation structure, that is, by using a spiral staircase, the length of the energy dissipation section is extended within a limited space, thereby increasing the energy dissipation effect. This allows the selection of the site for the high-head gravity dam to be unaffected by the energy dissipation facilities, enabling the dam project to be approved and implemented smoothly. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a novel flood discharge and energy dissipation structure for a high-head gravity dam according to this utility model.

[0014] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part B;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a novel flood discharge and energy dissipation structure for a high-head gravity dam according to this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific implementation examples. The following implementation examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way.

[0017] like Figure 1 — Figure 3 As shown, this utility model relates to a novel flood discharge and energy dissipation structure for a high-head gravity dam, comprising a gravity dam body 1, an overflow weir 2 set at the top A of the gravity dam body 1, a vertical shaft 3 set inside the gravity dam body 1 corresponding to the overflow weir 2, a vortex energy dissipation structure set inside the vertical shaft 3, a horizontal spillway 5 set inside the bottom of the gravity dam body 1, an energy dissipation pool 6 set at the foot of the gravity dam body 1, and a boulder apron 7 set outside the energy dissipation pool. The vertical shaft 3 is connected to the horizontal spillway 5, the energy dissipation pool 6 and the boulder apron 7.

[0018] This scheme completes reservoir discharge by setting up an overflow weir 2 at the top A of the dam. During flood discharge, the water flows through the overflow weir 2 into the vertical shaft 3, where it is dissipated by a vortex energy dissipation structure. Then, it flows through the horizontal spillway 5 at the bottom of the gravity dam body 1 into the stilling basin 6 at the dam toe for secondary energy dissipation. Finally, the water flows through the riprap 7 outside the stilling basin 6 into the river channel, completing the flood discharge. This scheme, after energy dissipation by the vortex energy dissipation structure and secondary energy dissipation by the stilling basin, ensures that the energy of the water flow is basically dissipated, allowing it to flow smoothly into the river channel. The energy dissipation effect is good, and the selection of the dam site for high-head gravity dams is not affected by energy dissipation facilities.

[0019] Furthermore, the swirling energy dissipation structure includes an energy dissipation column 8 installed inside the shaft 3, and a spiral staircase 9 spiraling around the column 8. The outer side of the spiral staircase 9 is connected to the inner wall of the shaft 3. The spiral staircase can extend the length of the energy dissipation section within a limited space and increase the energy dissipation effect.

[0020] Furthermore, the energy-dissipating vertical column 8 and the spiral staircase 9 are integrally cast with reinforced concrete, which is convenient to construct, has good integral casting strength, and a long service life.

[0021] Furthermore, the overflow weir 2 is semi-circular, with an inlet 10 set on one side of the semi-circular overflow weir 2 and a gate 11 set on the inlet. Water flows in from the inlet 10 on one side of the semi-circular overflow weir 2, passes through the overflow weir, and then flows into the vertical shaft. This can effectively reduce the impact force of the water flow and also achieve the energy dissipation effect.

[0022] Furthermore, the horizontal spillway 5 and the stilling basin 6 extend forward in a funnel shape from the direction of the energy dissipation shaft. The funnel-shaped arrangement of the horizontal spillway 5 and the stilling basin 6 can slow down the water flow and further achieve the purpose of energy dissipation.

[0023] Furthermore, the rocky outcrop 7 is curved and connected to the river channel 12. The curved shape of the rocky outcrop can reduce the length of the rocky outcrop so as to connect with the river channel.

[0024] The above specific embodiments are used to explain and illustrate the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications and changes made to the present utility model within the spirit and scope of the claims shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A novel flood discharge and energy dissipation structure for a high-head gravity dam, comprising a gravity dam body (1), characterized in that: An overflow weir (2) is provided at the top A of the gravity dam body (1). A vertical shaft (3) is provided inside the gravity dam body (1) corresponding to the overflow weir (2). A vortex energy dissipation structure is provided in the vertical shaft (3). A horizontal chute (5) is provided at the bottom of the gravity dam body (1). A stilling pool (6) is provided at the foot of the gravity dam body (1). A boulder seawall (7) is provided outside the stilling pool. The vertical shaft (3) is connected to the horizontal chute (5), the stilling pool (6), and the boulder seawall (7).

2. The novel flood discharge and energy dissipation structure for a high-head gravity dam as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The swirling energy dissipation structure includes an energy dissipation column (8) installed inside the shaft (3), and a spiral staircase (9) spiraling around the column on the energy dissipation column (8). The outer side of the spiral staircase (9) is connected to the inner wall of the shaft (3).

3. A novel flood discharge and energy dissipation structure for a high-head gravity dam as described in claim 2, characterized in that... The energy-dissipating vertical column (8) and the spiral staircase (9) are integrally cast with reinforced concrete.

4. A novel flood discharge and energy dissipation structure for a high-head gravity dam as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The overflow weir (2) is semi-circular, and an inlet (10) is provided on one side of the semi-circular overflow weir (2), and a gate (11) is provided on the inlet.

5. A novel flood discharge and energy dissipation structure for a high-head gravity dam as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The horizontal chute (5) and the stilling basin (6) extend forward in a funnel shape from the direction of the energy dissipation shaft.

6. A novel flood discharge and energy dissipation structure for a high-head gravity dam as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The rocky seawall (7) is curved and connected to the river channel (12).

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