A grab shovel excavator for saline-alkali soil construction

Abstract

The utility model relates to a shovel excavator for saline-alkali soil construction, which comprises a shovel body and an arm, the arm is rotatably connected to the sidewall of the shovel body, an adjusting mechanism is arranged on the arm, the adjusting mechanism comprises a mounting plate, a sealing cover, a reciprocating screw rod and a suction cylinder, the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the sidewall of the arm, and the utility model is characterized in that the cooperation of the rotating rod, the reciprocating screw rod and the annular cavity can continuously extract gas to spray it to the cutter synchronously when breaking and slotting the soil, the high-speed airflow forms a positive pressure air curtain on the surface of the cutter, the salt-containing soil particles are prevented from adhering, the corrosion and abrasion of the cutter are reduced, the negative pressure recovery is carried out by using the suppression cavity, a small amount of salt-containing soil scattered near the arm is adsorbed, the salt-containing soil is prevented from being scattered on the surface of the equipment, the equipment failure rate is greatly reduced, and the service life is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of excavator technology, and in particular to a grab excavator for construction in saline-alkali land. Background Technology

[0002] With the vigorous development of society and the continuous improvement of agricultural automation, the use of machinery is becoming more and more widespread, and agricultural machinery is being applied more and more. In the process of planting in saline-alkali land, digging is an essential step, so the design of excavators has attracted much attention. The soil in saline-alkali land is very hard, and milling machines are generally used to break and trench the soil, and then bucket excavators are used to dig out the loose soil.

[0003] Due to the high salt content in saline-alkali land, existing excavators lack measures to deal with the salt. During excavation, soil easily splashes and adheres to the machinery. This salt accelerates metal corrosion and wear, causing the bucket cutters to wear out quickly, and making the hydraulic system more prone to failure. This greatly increases the failure rate of the excavator and reduces its service life. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to solve the following shortcomings in the existing technology: due to the high salt content in saline-alkali land, existing excavators do not have measures to deal with the salt. During excavation, soil is easily splashed and adheres to the machinery. This salt will accelerate metal corrosion and wear, cause the bucket cutter to wear out quickly, and make the hydraulic system more prone to failure, thus greatly increasing the failure rate of the excavator and reducing its service life. Therefore, a grab excavator for construction in saline-alkali land is proposed.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A grab excavator for construction in saline-alkali land includes an excavator body and an arm, wherein the arm is rotatably connected to the side wall of the excavator body;

[0007] The machine arm is equipped with an adjustment mechanism, which includes a mounting plate, a sealing cover, a reciprocating screw, and extraction cylinders. The mounting plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the machine arm, the sealing cover is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting plate, the reciprocating screw is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the sealing cover, and the reciprocating screw is equipped with a matching slider. The two extraction cylinders are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the sealing cover.

[0008] Preferably, an extraction plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the extraction cylinder, and an extraction rod is fixedly connected between the two extraction plates. The extraction rod is slidably connected to one side wall of the extraction cylinder and fixedly connected to the slider.

[0009] Preferably, a limiting rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sealing cover, an impact block is slidably connected to the limiting rod, and an elastic rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slider, the elastic rod being slidably connected to the impact block.

[0010] Preferably, a receiving cavity is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the mounting plate, a hydraulic motor is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the receiving cavity, a rotating rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic motor, and a belt is sleeved between the rotating rod and the reciprocating lead screw.

[0011] Preferably, an annular cavity is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the mounting plate, a transfer cavity is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the sealing cover, and a suppression cavity is fixedly connected to the side wall of the arm.

[0012] Preferably, an air outlet pipe is fixedly connected between the extraction cylinder and the annular cavity, an air inlet pipe is fixedly connected between the extraction cylinder and the transfer cavity, a one-way valve is provided in both the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, a conduit is fixedly connected between the transfer cavity and the suppression cavity, and a first spring is fixedly connected between the impact block and the sealing cover.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] Through the coordination of structures such as the rotating rod, reciprocating screw, and annular cavity, gas is continuously extracted and sprayed onto the cutter during crushing, trenching, and excavation. The high-speed airflow forms a positive pressure air curtain on the cutter surface, preventing the adhesion of saline soil particles and reducing their corrosive and abrasive effects on the cutter. The suppression cavity is used for negative pressure recovery to adsorb any small amount of saline soil that drifts near the machine arm, preventing it from adhering to the equipment surface. This greatly reduces the equipment failure rate and extends its service life. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the suppression cavity structure of a grab excavator for construction in saline-alkali land proposed in this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing cover structure of a grab excavator for construction in saline-alkali land proposed in this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting plate structure of a grab excavator for construction in saline-alkali land proposed in this utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of part A in the image.

[0019] In the diagram: 1 Excavator body, 2 Boom, 3 Mounting plate, 4 Sealing cover, 5 Reciprocating screw, 6 Slider, 7 Extraction cylinder, 8 Extraction plate, 9 Extraction rod, 10 Limiting rod, 11 Impact block, 12 Elastic rod, 13 Hydraulic motor, 14 Rotating rod, 15 Belt, 16 Annular cavity, 17 Transition cavity, 18 Suppression cavity, 19 Air outlet pipe, 20 Air inlet pipe, 21 Conduit pipe, 22 First spring. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0021] The terms used in this utility model, such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one", are only for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of this utility model. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered as within the scope of implementation of this utility model.

[0022] Reference Figures 1-4 A grab excavator for construction in saline-alkali land includes an excavator body 1 and an arm 2 (existing technology, not described in detail here). The arm 2 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the excavator body 1. The arm 2 is equipped with an adjustment mechanism, which includes a mounting plate 3, a sealing cover 4, a reciprocating screw 5, and extraction cylinders 7. The mounting plate 3 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the arm 2, and the sealing cover 4 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting plate 3. The sealing cover 4 protects the internal equipment and prevents dust and other contaminants from affecting the reciprocating screw 5 and other components. The reciprocating screw 5 is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the sealing cover 4. The reciprocating screw 5 is equipped with a matching slider 6 (the connection method between the reciprocating screw 5 and the slider 6 is the same as the principle of the existing reciprocating screw 5 nut seat; simply rotating the reciprocating screw 5 will cause the slider 6 to reciprocate on the reciprocating screw 5, which is existing technology and not described in detail here). Two extraction cylinders 7 are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the sealing cover 4.

[0023] Reference Figure 4 An extraction plate 8 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the extraction cylinder 7. An extraction rod 9 is fixedly connected between the two extraction plates 8. The extraction rod 9 is slidably connected to one side wall of the extraction cylinder 7. The extraction rod 9 and the extraction cylinder 7 are not sealed (the extraction cylinder 7 is similar to a syringe. The air extraction relies on the seal between the extraction plate 8 and the extraction cylinder 7. The extraction rod 9 is only for limiting and does not need to be sealed. It will not cause air leakage. If it is sealed, it will not be able to be extracted due to air pressure problems). The extraction rod 9 is fixedly connected to the slider 6.

[0024] Reference Figure 4A limiting rod 10 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sealing cover 4. The limiting rod 10 has a square cross-section and limits the impact block 11 to prevent it from rotating. The impact block 11 is slidably connected to the limiting rod 10. An elastic rod 12 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slider 6. The elastic rod 12 is slidably connected to the impact block 11. The impact block 11 is L-shaped. A first spring 22 is fixedly connected between the impact block 11 and the sealing cover 4. The elastic rod 12 is made of polyurethane elastomer and other materials, and has good elasticity and bending resistance (bending resistance is in the millions to hundreds of millions of times). In the initial state, the impact block 11 is attached to the side wall of the sealing cover 4 near the end of the arm 2. When the slider 6 moves the elastic rod 12, the impact block 11 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sealing cover 4. When the elastic rod 12 approaches the impact block 11, since the impact block 11 is already attached to the sealing cover 4 and cannot move forward, the elastic rod 12 contacts the impact block 11 and bends and deforms, then passes over the impact block 11. When the slider 6 drives the elastic rod 12 to move away from the machine arm 2, the elastic rod 12 drives the impact block 11 away from the machine arm 2 and compresses the first spring 22. Until the first spring 22 is repeatedly compressed, the elastic rod 12 bends and deforms again and passes over the impact block 11. The impact block 11 resets under the elastic force of the first spring 22 and hits the side wall of the sealing cover 4. The vibration is transmitted to the mounting plate 3 and the annular cavity 16, preventing the annular cavity 16 from being blocked by salty soil.

[0025] Reference Figure 2 The lower end face of the mounting plate 3 is fixedly connected to a receiving cavity (a milling head is also provided in the receiving cavity, and the hydraulic motor 13 drives the milling head to rotate through the transmission belt, which are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here). The hydraulic motor 13 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the receiving cavity. The output end of the hydraulic motor 13 is fixedly connected to a rotating rod 14. A belt 15 is sleeved between the rotating rod 14 and the reciprocating lead screw 5. Both the rotating rod 14 and the reciprocating lead screw 5 are provided with pulleys 15, which are used in conjunction with the belt 15.

[0026] Reference Figure 1An annular cavity 16 is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the mounting plate 3. Multiple air outlets are provided on the annular cavity 16. The air outlets are small, and the gas ejected from the annular cavity 16 has a high pressure. The high-speed airflow forms a positive pressure air curtain on the tool surface, hindering the adhesion of saline soil particles and separating the saline soil adhering to the tool, reducing its residence time on the tool. A transfer chamber 17 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the sealing cover 4. A suppression chamber 18 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the arm 2. An air outlet pipe 19 is fixedly connected between the extraction cylinder 7 and the annular cavity 16. An air inlet pipe 20 is fixedly connected between the extraction cylinder 7 and the transfer chamber 17. Both the air inlet pipe 20 and the air outlet pipe 19 are equipped with one-way valves. The flow direction of the one-way valve in the air inlet pipe 20 is from the transfer chamber 17 to the extraction cylinder 7, and the flow direction of the one-way valve in the air outlet pipe 19 is from the extraction cylinder 7 to the annular cavity 16. A conduit 21 is fixedly connected between chamber 17 and chamber 18. There are multiple chambers 18. The chambers 18 are located near the hydraulic system of the boom 2 and have a large internal volume to accommodate scattered salt particles and saline soil particles. Negative pressure is used to collect the scattered salt particles and saline soil particles to prevent them from adhering to the hydraulic system. A filter screen is installed inside the chamber 18 to prevent soil from entering the conduit 21 and the transfer chamber 17. The conduit 21 is wide and not easily blocked. Multiple air inlets are opened on the chamber 18. Due to the large air inlets of the chamber 18, the suction force is small, and it only adsorbs the soil scattered on the surface to avoid adsorbing too much and filling the chamber 18 quickly. The surface of the chamber 18 is coated with a coating that is wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant. It needs to be washed and cleaned after each day's excavation to remove the collected saline soil.

[0027] In this invention, when excavating saline-alkali land, the hydraulic motor 13 is first started to drive the rotating rod 14 to rotate. The rotating rod 14 drives the milling head to rotate via a transmission belt to break and open the soil. The rotating rod 14 drives the reciprocating screw 5 to rotate at high speed via a belt 15, causing the slider 6 to drive the extraction rod 9 to reciprocate. When the extraction rod 9 drives the two extraction plates 8 to move, one of the extraction cylinders 7 is under positive pressure. The one-way valve in the air inlet pipe 20 is closed, and the one-way valve in the air outlet pipe 19 is open. The gas in the extraction cylinder 7 enters the annular cavity 16 through the air outlet pipe 19 and is ejected from the nozzle. The high-speed airflow forms a positive pressure air curtain on the surface of the cutter, which hinders the adhesion of saline soil particles and separates the saline soil adhering to the cutter, reducing its residence time on the cutter and reducing its corrosion and wear on the cutter. The airflow acts as a barrier layer against the splashed soil, reducing the amount of saline soil splashed towards the machine arm 2. When the slider 6 moves the elastic rod 12 closer to the impact block 11, the impact block 11 is already attached to the sealing cover 4 and cannot move forward. The elastic rod 12 bends and deforms upon contact with the impact block 11, and then passes over the impact block 11. When the slider 6 moves the elastic rod 12 away from the machine arm 2, the elastic rod 12 moves the impact block 11 away from the machine arm 2 and compresses the first spring 22. This continues until the first spring 22 is repeatedly compressed. The elastic rod 12 bends and deforms again, passing over the impact block 11. The impact block 11 resets under the elastic force of the first spring 22 and impacts the side wall of the sealing cover 4. The vibration is transmitted to the mounting plate 3 and the annular cavity 16, preventing the annular cavity 16 from being blocked by saline soil.

[0028] The other extraction cylinder 7 is under negative pressure. The one-way valve in the air inlet pipe 20 is open, and the one-way valve in the air outlet pipe 19 is closed. The gas in the transfer chamber 17 enters the extraction cylinder 7 through the air inlet pipe 20. The gas in the suppression chamber 18 enters the transfer chamber 17 through the conduit 21. Outside air enters the suppression chamber 18 through the air inlet. A small amount of salt particles that are blown into the air by the airflow and move to the vicinity of the arm 2 also enter the suppression chamber 18 through the air inlet, preventing them from drifting in and adhering to the surface of the equipment, causing malfunctions in the hydraulic system, etc. No matter which side the slider 6 moves to, the two extraction cylinders 7 alternately extract air and continuously supply air to the annular chamber 16.

[0029] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "linking", "fixing", etc., should be interpreted broadly.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A grab excavator for construction in saline-alkali land, comprising an excavator body (1) and a boom (2), characterized in that, The boom (2) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the excavator body (1); The arm (2) is provided with an adjustment mechanism, which includes a mounting plate (3), a sealing cover (4), a reciprocating screw (5), and extraction cylinders (7). The mounting plate (3) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the arm (2), the sealing cover (4) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting plate (3), the reciprocating screw (5) is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the sealing cover (4), and the reciprocating screw (5) is provided with a matching slider (6). The two extraction cylinders (7) are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the sealing cover (4).

2. The grab excavator for construction in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the extraction cylinder (7) is slidably connected to an extraction plate (8), and an extraction rod (9) is fixedly connected between the two extraction plates (8). The extraction rod (9) is slidably connected to one side wall of the extraction cylinder (7), and the extraction rod (9) is fixedly connected to the slider (6).

3. The grab excavator for construction in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, A limiting rod (10) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sealing cover (4), and an impact block (11) is slidably connected to the limiting rod (10). An elastic rod (12) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slider (6), and the elastic rod (12) is slidably connected to the impact block (11).

4. The grab excavator for construction in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end face of the mounting plate (3) is fixedly connected to a receiving cavity, and a hydraulic motor (13) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the receiving cavity. A rotating rod (14) is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic motor (13), and a belt (15) is sleeved between the rotating rod (14) and the reciprocating screw (5).

5. A grab excavator for construction in saline-alkali land according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower end face of the mounting plate (3) is fixedly connected to an annular cavity (16), the upper end face of the sealing cover (4) is fixedly connected to a transfer cavity (17), and the side wall of the arm (2) is fixedly connected to a suppression cavity (18).

6. A grab excavator for construction in saline-alkali land according to claim 5, characterized in that, An air outlet pipe (19) is fixedly connected between the extraction cylinder (7) and the annular cavity (16). An air inlet pipe (20) is fixedly connected between the extraction cylinder (7) and the transfer cavity (17). A one-way valve is provided in both the air inlet pipe (20) and the air outlet pipe (19). A conduit (21) is fixedly connected between the transfer cavity (17) and the suppression cavity (18). A first spring (22) is fixedly connected between the impact block (11) and the sealing cover (4).

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