Energy dissipater and water distributor suitable for deep well
By forming a water cushion surface for energy dissipation in the deep well storage tank through a ring-shaped diversion system and a rain-drenching water distribution system, the complex construction and scouring problems of the deep well storage tank are solved, and stable energy dissipation and improved space utilization are achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA RAILWAY SHANGHAI DESIGN INST GRP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
Smart Images
Figure CN224531856U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water supply and drainage technology, and in particular to an energy dissipation water distributor suitable for deep well storage tanks. Background Technology
[0002] Rainwater storage tanks, as storage facilities for collecting rainwater runoff, can temporarily collect and store a certain amount of peak rainwater in the municipal drainage network system, and then discharge it at an appropriate time. This reduces runoff peaks, realizes rainwater recycling, and avoids water pollution caused by the direct discharge of initial rainwater runoff. Among them, large-capacity storage tanks, especially fully underground reinforced concrete shallow-buried storage tanks, have been widely implemented and used.
[0003] Currently, most fully underground stormwater storage tanks built both domestically and internationally are rectangular in structure. my country has issued a national standard atlas for fully underground rectangular reinforced concrete stormwater storage tanks with a soil cover of 2-3m. A small number of stormwater storage tanks abroad have adopted a circular structure, but their depth is generally no more than 20m and they occupy a large area, making them unsuitable for urban centers and old city areas with limited land use planning.
[0004] In response to the above situation, some large cities have begun research on deep-well stormwater storage tanks. Deep-well stormwater storage tanks are vertical shaft-type storage tanks constructed using vertical shield tunneling technology. They are characterized by small tank area, fast construction speed, small construction area, and deep burial depth, which will effectively alleviate the problem of tight land use planning in some areas. However, the depth of deep wells will exceed 20 meters, generally between 50-60 meters. The higher burial depth will increase the potential energy of the incoming water, which will severely scour the tank structure and bring about a series of instability problems. To eliminate these problems, energy dissipation facilities need to be added. These facilities include central vortex energy dissipation shafts, convection baffles, spiral stepped shafts, and spiral flow channels. Although these energy dissipation methods can achieve the energy dissipation goal to a certain extent, their construction and maintenance are complex, and they will significantly occupy the effective storage capacity of the stormwater storage tank, reducing the space utilization rate of the deep-well stormwater storage tank. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology by providing an energy dissipation water distributor suitable for deep well storage tanks. This device uses a water cushion surface for energy dissipation instead of other previous energy dissipation methods, making fuller use of the tank space and saving land resources. At lower flow rates, a small stream of water falls to form a water cushion surface at the bottom of the tank, providing energy dissipation for the drop flow at higher flow rates, thus greatly reducing scouring. The water distribution method employs overflow weirs, orifice outflow, etc., ensuring uniform water distribution and achieving the purpose of energy dissipation under small, medium, and large flow conditions.
[0006] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:
[0007] An energy dissipation water distributor suitable for deep well storage tanks, characterized in that it includes a ring-shaped flow guiding system and a deluge water distribution system, wherein:
[0008] The annular flow guiding system includes an inlet pipe, an inlet ring channel, an overflow weir, an overflow ring channel, and an inner ring weir. The inlet hole of the inlet pipe receives the water from the deep well storage tank and then guides it to the inlet ring channel. One side of the inlet ring channel is adjacent to the inner wall of the deep well storage tank. The overflow ring channel is located inside the inlet ring channel. The overflow weir is located between the inlet ring channel and the overflow ring channel. The inner ring weir is located inside the overflow ring channel. No structure is provided from the inner ring weir to the center of the tank.
[0009] The rain shower water distribution system includes a swirl channel, rain shower holes, and an overflow hole. The swirl channel is arranged in the inlet ring channel, the rain shower holes are arranged in the overflow ring channel, and the overflow hole is arranged on the inner ring weir.
[0010] The vortex channels are evenly arranged along the outer side of the inlet ring channel and are attached to the inner wall of the deep well storage tank, so that the water distributed through the vortex channels forms a water surface of a certain depth at the bottom of the deep well storage tank.
[0011] The rain shower holes are evenly arranged along the central ring line of the overflow loop.
[0012] The overflow holes are evenly distributed at a certain height on the inner ring weir.
[0013] The swirling channel is formed by the inner wall of the deep well, swirling holes, swirling inclined plates, and baffle walls. The swirling holes are evenly distributed on the plate of the inlet ring channel. One side of the swirling inclined plate is connected to the inner wall of the deep well storage tank, and the other side is connected to the baffle wall. The upper part of the baffle wall is connected to the inlet ring channel.
[0014] The inlet ring channel and the overflow ring channel are concentric annular structures.
[0015] An equipment area is set within a certain angle range on the water inlet ring channel.
[0016] The equipment area is equipped with jet nozzle inspection holes, water pump inspection holes, equipment layer inspection manholes, and deep well inspection manholes.
[0017] A grille is installed in the equipment area, and the grille is located after the water inlet pipe.
[0018] After being introduced through the inlet pipe, the water first flows through a screen into the inlet ring channel, where a vortex channel performs initial distribution. Under the guidance of the vortex channel, the initial water flows down the inner wall of the deep well, forming a water surface of a certain depth at the bottom. When the inlet water exceeds the distribution capacity of the vortex channel, the water accumulation in the inlet ring channel increases, gradually exceeding the overflow weir and evenly entering the overflow ring channel. Evenly distributed deluge holes on the overflow ring channel further distribute the water, ensuring it flows evenly into the deep well and falls onto the previously formed water surface. When the inlet volume is very large, the water accumulated in the overflow ring channel will flow into the deep well through the overflow holes on the inner ring weir. At this point, the deluge holes and overflow holes jointly distribute the water onto the water surface in the deep well. The water surface acts as a buffer and dissipates energy from the directly falling water, achieving stable water distribution in the deep well storage tank.
[0019] The advantages of this utility model are: it provides a water distribution structure for deep well storage tanks using a drop-type water cushion surface energy dissipation method. This structure can not only assist in the formation of a water cushion surface during the initial water intake, but also provide a uniform distribution function for the subsequent water intake, so as to achieve continuous, stable and effective storage in deep well storage tanks.
[0020] After implementation, firstly, this utility model can replace other previous energy dissipation methods such as central vortex energy dissipation shafts, convection baffles, spiral stepped shafts, and spiral flow channels with water cushion surface energy dissipation. Furthermore, since there are no redundant energy dissipation structures, it achieves stable water distribution in stages and at multiple levels, and makes fuller use of the pool space, saving land resources. Secondly, utilizing structural features, a small stream of water falls to form a water cushion surface at the bottom of the pool at lower flow rates, providing energy dissipation for the cascade at higher flow rates, greatly reducing scouring. Finally, its water distribution method adopts overflow weirs, orifice outflow, etc., ensuring uniform water distribution. It can achieve the purpose of water distribution and energy dissipation under small, medium, and large flow conditions, and can adapt to certain expansions. It can be used simultaneously for engineering application promotion, experiments, and theoretical research, featuring ingenious and flexible design, integrated water distribution and energy dissipation, simple and convenient energy dissipation structure, and stable and reliable water distribution process. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view along line AA;
[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the vortex channel in this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The features and other related features of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so as to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art:
[0025] like Figure 1-3 As shown, each of the markings represents: 1. Inlet pipe; 2. Grille; 3. Inlet ring channel; 4. Swirl channel; 5. Overflow weir; 6. Deluge hole; 7. Overflow ring channel; 8. Overflow hole; 9. Inner ring weir; 10. Deep well maintenance manhole; 11. Equipment layer maintenance manhole; 12. Water pump maintenance hole; 13. Jet ejector maintenance hole; 14. Water body surface; 15. Equipment area; 16. Deep well inner wall; 17. Swirl hole; 18. Swirl inclined plate; 19. Baffle wall.
[0026] Example: Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the energy dissipation water distributor applicable to deep well storage tanks in this embodiment consists of three parts: a ring-shaped flow guiding system, a rain shower water distribution system, and a surface auxiliary energy dissipation system.
[0027] The annular flow guiding system has three levels of flow guiding, such as... Figure 1 As shown. In the diversion system, the primary diversion is introduced through the inlet pipe 1 and then guided to the vortex channel 4 via the inlet ring channel 3 for primary water distribution. When there is excessive water accumulation in the inlet ring channel 3, it is evenly diverted to the overflow ring channel 7 via the overflow weir 5 for secondary diversion, and the deluge holes 6 on the overflow ring channel 7 will perform secondary water distribution. As the water accumulation in the overflow ring channel 7 increases, the overflow ring channel 7 will perform tertiary diversion, and the water will be distributed in the form of orifice outflow through the overflow holes 8 on the inner ring weir 9. In this embodiment, the deluge water distribution system corresponds one-to-one with the ring diversion system, and a three-stage water distribution system exists.
[0028] like Figure 2 As shown. The three-stage annular diversion system corresponds to a three-stage deluge water distribution system. The vortex channel 4 performs primary water distribution, forming a water surface 14 by diverting the water along the wall, thus providing a preset energy dissipation method for the secondary and tertiary water distribution systems. The deluge holes 6 perform secondary water distribution, evenly distributing the water diverted by the overflow loop 7 to meet normal water distribution needs. The overflow holes 8 perform tertiary water distribution to cope with sudden situations where the diverted water volume is large in a short period of time.
[0029] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the surface-assisted energy dissipation system is a non-structural energy dissipation method generated by the annular diversion system and the deluge distribution system. The primary diversion and primary distribution will form a water surface 14 of a certain depth at the bottom of the deep well storage tank, and the water surface 14 will buffer and dissipate energy for the secondary and tertiary water distribution.
[0030] Depending on the influent flow rate, three operating conditions will exist during the implementation process:
[0031] (1) Primary diversion + primary water distribution (start-up condition):
[0032] When the inflow is small, the primary diversion threshold cannot be reached, and only primary water distribution is performed.
[0033] (2) Primary diversion + primary water distribution + secondary diversion + secondary water distribution (normal operating conditions):
[0034] The inflow is large, and the diversion flow exceeds the primary diversion flow threshold. At the beginning of the inflow, the primary diversion and primary water distribution are activated, and the primary water distribution creates a water surface of a certain depth at the bottom of the deep well storage tank. When the inflow exceeds the combined flow threshold of the primary diversion and primary water distribution, the secondary diversion and secondary water distribution are activated.
[0035] (3) Primary diversion + primary water distribution + secondary diversion + secondary water distribution + tertiary diversion + tertiary water distribution (early warning condition):
[0036] The inflow is very large, and the combined diversion and distribution of water for the first and second stages exceeds the flow threshold of operating condition (2). The second stage diversion accumulates and is converted into the third stage diversion, and the third stage water distribution mode is activated to deal with the emergency.
[0037] In this embodiment, the vortex channel 4 is formed by the inner wall 16 of the deep well, vortex holes 17, vortex inclined plates 18, and baffle walls 19. The vortex holes 17 are evenly distributed on the inlet ring channel 3. One side of the vortex inclined plate 18 is connected to the inner wall 16 of the deep well, and the other side is connected to the baffle wall 19. The upper part of the baffle wall 19 is connected to the inlet ring channel 3, thereby realizing that the initial water distribution rotates and flows down the inner wall 16 of the deep well under the guiding effect of the vortex channel 4.
[0038] An equipment area 15 is provided within an angle range of θ° on the inlet ring channel 3, providing space for the jet nozzle inspection port 13, the water pump inspection port 12, the equipment layer inspection manhole 11, and the deep well inspection manhole 10. Simultaneously, a grid 2 is installed within the equipment area 15, located after the inlet pipe 1, to serve as a filter.
[0039] Although the above embodiments have described the concept and embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will recognize that various improvements and modifications can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the claims, and therefore will not be elaborated here.
Claims
1. An energy dissipation water distributor suitable for deep well regulating reservoirs, characterized in that: This includes a ring-shaped diversion system and a deluge distribution system, wherein: The annular flow guiding system includes an inlet pipe, an inlet ring channel, an overflow weir, an overflow ring channel, and an inner ring weir. The inlet hole of the inlet pipe receives the water from the deep well storage tank and then guides it to the inlet ring channel. One side of the inlet ring channel is adjacent to the inner wall of the deep well storage tank. The overflow ring channel is located inside the inlet ring channel. The overflow weir is disposed between the inlet ring channel and the overflow ring channel. The inner ring weir is disposed inside the overflow ring channel. The rain shower water distribution system includes a swirl channel, rain shower holes, and an overflow hole. The swirl channel is arranged in the inlet ring channel, the rain shower holes are arranged in the overflow ring channel, and the overflow hole is arranged on the inner ring weir.
2. The energy dissipation water distributor suitable for deep well regulating reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vortex channels are evenly arranged along the outer side of the inlet ring channel and are attached to the inner wall of the deep well storage tank, so that the water distributed through the vortex channels forms a water surface of a certain depth at the bottom of the deep well storage tank.
3. The energy dissipation water distributor suitable for deep well regulating reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rain shower holes are evenly arranged along the central ring line of the overflow loop.
4. The energy dissipation water distributor suitable for deep well regulating reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overflow holes are evenly distributed at a certain height on the inner ring weir.
5. The energy dissipation water distributor suitable for deep well regulating reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swirling channel is formed by the inner wall of the deep well, swirling holes, swirling inclined plates, and baffle walls. The swirling holes are evenly distributed on the plate of the inlet ring channel. One side of the swirling inclined plate is connected to the inner wall of the deep well storage tank, and the other side is connected to the baffle wall. The upper part of the baffle wall is connected to the inlet ring channel.
6. The energy dissipation water distributor suitable for deep well regulating reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet ring channel and the overflow ring channel are concentric annular structures.
7. The energy dissipation water distributor suitable for deep well regulating reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: An equipment area is set within a certain angle range on the water inlet ring channel.
8. The energy dissipation water distributor suitable for deep well regulating reservoirs according to claim 7, characterized in that: The equipment area is equipped with jet nozzle inspection holes, water pump inspection holes, equipment layer inspection manholes, and deep well inspection manholes.
9. The energy dissipation water distributor suitable for deep well regulating reservoirs according to claim 7, characterized in that: A grille is installed in the equipment area, and the grille is located after the water inlet pipe.