Blowout control valve

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of anti-spray operation oil layer switch belongs to oil exploitation field.Solve the structure of existing anti-spray device, inconvenient operation and the problem of not high reliability.Poke rod joint is connected with upper segment of poke rod, upper segment of poke rod is connected with lower segment of poke rod, fishing sleeve is connected with upper transmission force sleeve, upper transmission force sleeve and lower transmission force sleeve end surface contact, outer sleeve is wrapped lock sleeve, sliding sleeve, limit sleeve and bushing, connecting sleeve is connected between sliding sleeve and inner central tube, centralizing main body is located on the upper end of the sealing structure of oil layer switch, inner central tube is located in the inboard of outer central tube, rubber cylinder is provided in the outboard of outer central tube, guide head is connected in the lowermost end of oil layer switch.It is mainly used for anti-spray operation oil layer switch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of oil extraction, and in particular relates to a blowout prevention oil layer switch. Background Technology

[0002] Blowout prevention (BOP) control is crucial in oil extraction operations. During drilling and well workover, blowouts can occur due to formation pressure and other factors, posing a serious threat to personnel safety, causing significant environmental damage, and resulting in substantial economic losses for the company. Currently, existing BOP devices suffer from problems such as complex structure, inconvenient operation, and low reliability. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of blowout prevention layer switch to improve the safety and reliability of oil extraction operations. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose an oil layer switch for blowout prevention operations, so as to solve the problems of complex structure, inconvenient operation and low reliability of existing blowout prevention devices.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a blowout prevention oil layer switch, wherein the shovel joint is connected to the upper section of the shovel, the upper section of the shovel is connected to the lower section of the shovel, the retrieval sleeve is connected to the transmission sleeve, the transmission sleeve and the lower transmission sleeve end face are in contact, the outer sleeve covers the locking sleeve, the sliding sleeve, the limiting sleeve and the bushing, the connecting sleeve is connected between the sliding sleeve and the inner central tube, the straightening body is located at the upper end of the sealing structure of the oil layer switch, the inner central tube is located inside the outer central tube, the rubber sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the outer central tube, and the guide head is connected to the lowest end of the oil layer switch.

[0005] Furthermore, the first spring is sleeved on the outer side of the upper section of the shovel rod, with one end in contact with the shovel rod joint and the other end in contact with the flat key. The flat key is installed in the corresponding groove of the transmission sleeve through the first pin, and the outer thread of the lower transmission sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner thread of the retrieval sleeve.

[0006] Furthermore, the second pin limits and fixes the upper force transmission sleeve, lower force transmission sleeve, and retrieval sleeve, while the locking sleeve is fitted inside the outer sleeve and fixedly connected with the corresponding thread.

[0007] Furthermore, the sliding sleeve is fitted on the outside of the connecting sleeve and can slide axially; the first sliding pin is installed on the outer sleeve and is located in the corresponding groove; the limiting sleeve is fitted on the outside of the connecting sleeve, and the bushing is fitted on the outside of the limiting sleeve and connected to the inside of the outer sleeve by the third pin.

[0008] Furthermore, the connecting sleeve is connected to the inner central tube via the fourth pin, the second spring is mounted on the spring seat, the spring seat is connected to the limiting end face inside the inner central tube, and the positioning pin passes through the hole of the third sliding pin and the straightening body.

[0009] Furthermore, the movable retaining ring is fitted on the outside of the straightening body and can move axially; the straightening block is installed on the straightening body through a connector, and one end of the third spring is connected to the straightening block and the other end is connected to the straightening body.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer cleat pin is installed on the straightening body, the outer cleat is connected to the straightening body through the outer cleat pin, the damping ring is sleeved on the outside of the outer center tube, and the fixed retaining ring is connected to the outside of the straightening body.

[0011] Furthermore, the locking ring is fitted onto the outside of the outer central tube and connected by a threaded connection; the seventh pin limits the connection between the outer central tube and the cone; the cone is connected to the lower section of the ram rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the spacer ring is located between the rubber sleeves, the telescopic sleeve is fitted on the outside of the inner central tube and cooperates with the pressure-bearing sleeve, the pressure-bearing sleeve is connected to the guide head, and the piston is fitted on the inner end face of the inner central tube.

[0013] Furthermore, a spring cap is installed at the end of the second spring; a second sliding pin passes through the limiting sleeve and is threadedly connected to the outside of the spring cap.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: High reliability. The integrated push rod structure forms the core channel for force transmission, combined with sliding components such as the outer sleeve, sliding sleeve, and limiting sleeve, creating a compact and stable mechanical structure. The modular design simplifies the complex components of traditional blowout preventers, reducing the risk of failure due to component redundancy. The relative movement mechanism between the inner and outer central tubes, and the precise engagement of the outer claw with the casing coupling, ensures stable execution of the sealing action, fundamentally preventing blowout accidents.

[0015] This invention improves operational convenience. In blowout prevention processes, a series of actions, including wedging out the centralizing block, locking the external clamp, and compressing the rubber sleeve to seal the oil layer, can be triggered with simple operations. The separable design of the cone and the lower section of the plunger, as well as the linkage mechanism between the disengagement mechanism and the external clamp, eliminates the need for complex tools or additional power sources during the sealing and unsealing processes. In water well operations, the application of water-soluble props and removable plugs further simplifies the overflow control process and significantly shortens construction time.

[0016] This invention boasts high safety. The rubber sleeve and spacer ring form a multi-stage seal under pressure, tightly fitting the inner wall of the casing to completely block oil-water cross-flow. The centralizing block adapts to the casing wall under spring action, and combined with the external chuck's mechanical locking of the casing coupling seam, it provides dual positioning protection. Furthermore, the cooperation between the sliding pin and the limiting sleeve precisely controls the movement trajectory, preventing malfunctions. The design of the detachable cone remaining downhole achieves oil layer separation, providing a passive safety barrier for subsequent operations.

[0017] This invention reduces operating and maintenance costs. The repetitive insertion design of the push rod structure and cone allows the reservoir switch to perform multiple sealing-unsealing cycles. The rubber sleeve is made of hydrogenated nitrile rubber to ensure pressure resistance and resilience, and the spring reset mechanism ensures that the components return to their original position, significantly extending service life. This not only eliminates the need for frequent replacement of traditional blowout preventers but also solves the problems of reservoir pollution and economic losses caused by well control operations, aligning with the concept of green mining. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this utility model, are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model. The illustrative embodiments of the utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the utility model and do not constitute an undue limitation of the utility model. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a blowout prevention oil layer switch according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a segmented structure for a blowout prevention oil layer switch according to the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a segmented structure for a blowout prevention oil layer switch according to the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a segmented structure for a blowout prevention oil layer switch according to the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0019] In the picture: 1-Punch rod connector, 2-Upper section of punch rod, 3-Lower section of punch rod, 4-First spring, 5-Retrieving sleeve, 6-Flat key, 7-First pin, 8-Power transmission sleeve, 9-Lower power transmission sleeve, 11-Second pin, 12-Outer sleeve, 13-Locking sleeve, 14-Sliding sleeve, 15-First sliding pin, 16-Spring cap, 17-Limiting sleeve, 18-Second sliding pin, 19-Third pin, 20-Bushing, 21-Connecting sleeve, 22-Fourth pin, 23-Fifth pin, 24-Second spring, 25- - Positioning pin, 26 - Third sliding pin, 27 - Spring seat, 28 - Straightening body, 29 - Sixth pin, 30 - Movable retaining ring, 31 - Straightening block, 32 - Third spring, 33 - Outer pawl pin, 34 - Outer pawl, 35 - Damping ring, 36 - Fixed retaining ring, 37 - Locking ring, 38 - Inner center tube, 39 - Outer center tube, 40 - Seventh pin, 42 - Cone, 43 - Rubber sleeve, 44 - Spacer ring, 45 - Telescopic sleeve, 48 - Pressure bearing sleeve, 49 - Piston, 51 - Guide head. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present utility model can be combined with each other, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments.

[0021] See Figure 1-4This embodiment describes a blowout preventer oil layer switch. A push rod connector 1 is connected to an upper push rod section 2, which in turn is connected to a lower push rod section 3. A retrieval sleeve 5 is connected to an upper force transmission sleeve 8, which contacts the end faces of the lower force transmission sleeve 9. An outer sleeve 12 encloses a locking sleeve 13, a sliding sleeve 14, a limiting sleeve 17, and a bushing 20. A connecting sleeve 21 connects the sliding sleeve 14 and the inner central tube 38. A straightening body 28 is located at the upper end of the oil layer switch's sealing structure. The inner central tube 38 is located inside the outer central tube 39. A rubber sleeve 43 is fitted outside the outer central tube 39. A guide head 51 is connected to the lowest end of the oil layer switch. A first spring 4 is fitted outside the upper push rod section 2, with one end contacting the push rod connector 1 and the other end contacting a flat key 6. The flat key 6 is installed in the corresponding groove of the upper force transmission sleeve 8 via a first pin 7. The outer thread of the lower force transmission sleeve 9 is fixedly connected to the inner thread of the retrieval sleeve 5. The second pin 11 limits and fixes the upper force transmission sleeve 8, lower force transmission sleeve 9, and retrieval sleeve 5. The locking sleeve 13 is fitted inside the outer sleeve 12 and fixedly connected with the corresponding thread. The sliding sleeve 14 is fitted outside the connecting sleeve 21 and can slide axially. The first sliding pin 15 is installed on the outer sleeve 12 and is located in the corresponding groove. The limiting sleeve 17 is fitted outside the connecting sleeve 21, and the bushing 20 is fitted outside the limiting sleeve 17 and connected to the inner side of the outer sleeve 12 by the third pin 19. The connecting sleeve 21 is connected to the inner central tube 38 by the fourth pin 22. The second spring 24 is installed on the spring seat 27, and the spring seat 27 is connected to the limiting end face inside the inner central tube 38. The positioning pin 25 passes through the hole of the third sliding pin 26 and the straightening body 28. A movable retaining ring 30 is fitted on the outside of the straightening body 28 and can move axially. The straightening block 31 is installed on the straightening body 28 through a connector. One end of the third spring 32 is connected to the straightening block 31, and the other end is connected to the straightening body 28. The outer pawl pin 33 is installed on the straightening body 28, and the outer pawl 34 is connected to the straightening body 28 through the outer pawl pin 33. The damping ring 35 is fitted on the outside of the outer central tube 39, and the fixed retaining ring 36 is connected to the outside of the straightening body 28. The locking ring 37 is fitted on the outside of the outer central tube 39 and is connected by a threaded connection. The seventh pin 40 limits the connection between the outer central tube 39 and the cone 42. The cone 42 is connected to the lower section 3 of the push rod. The spacer ring 44 is located between the rubber sleeves 43. The telescopic sleeve 45 is fitted on the outside of the inner central tube 38 and cooperates with the pressure sleeve 48. The pressure sleeve 48 is connected to the guide head 51, and the piston 49 is fitted on the inner end face of the inner central tube 38. The spring cap 16 is installed at the end of the second spring 24; the second sliding pin 18 passes through the limiting sleeve 17 and is threaded to the outside of the spring cap 16.

[0022] The shovel joint 1 connects to the upper section 2 of the shovel rod, and the upper section 2 connects to the lower section 3 of the shovel rod, forming a complete shovel rod structure. The first spring 4 is sleeved on the outside of the upper section 2 of the shovel rod, with one end in contact with the shovel joint 1 and the other end in contact with the flat key 6. The retrieval sleeve 5 contacts the flat key 6, and the lower end of the transmission sleeve 8 contacts the upper end of the transmission sleeve 9. The outer thread of the transmission sleeve 9 is fixedly connected to the inner thread of the retrieval sleeve 5. The flat key 6 is installed in the corresponding groove of the transmission sleeve 8 through the first pin 7. The end faces of the transmission sleeve 8 and the transmission sleeve 9 are in contact. The second pin 11 limits and fixes the transmission sleeve 8, the transmission sleeve 9, and the retrieval sleeve 5. The outer sleeve 12 wraps around the outer sides of the locking sleeve 13, sliding sleeve 14, first sliding pin 15, spring cap 16, limiting sleeve 17, second sliding pin 18, third pin 19, bushing 20, connecting sleeve 21, and fourth pin 22. The locking sleeve 13 is fitted inside the outer sleeve 12 and is fixedly connected with the corresponding thread. The sliding sleeve 14 is fitted outside the connecting sleeve 21 and can slide axially. The first sliding pin 15 is installed on the outer sleeve 12 and is located in the corresponding groove. The spring cap 16 is installed at the end of the second spring 24. The limiting sleeve 17 is fitted outside the connecting sleeve 21 and restricts the movement range of the sliding sleeve 14 and other components. The second sliding pin 18 passes through the limiting sleeve 17 and is fixed to the outside of the spring cap 16 with threads, restricting the outside of the connecting sleeve 21 and allowing it to slide axially. The bushing 20 is fitted onto the outside of the limiting sleeve 17 and fixed to the inside of the outer sleeve 12 by the third pin 19. The connecting sleeve 21 connects the sliding sleeve 14 and the inner central tube 38, and the fourth pin 22 fixes the connecting sleeve 21 to the connected inner central tube 38. The second spring 24 is mounted on the spring seat 27. The positioning pin 25 passes through the hole of the third sliding pin 26 and the straightening body 28 to position the third sliding pin 26 and the straightening body 28. The spring seat 27 is fixed to the limiting end face inside the inner central tube 38. The straightening body 28 is located at the upper end of the sealing structure of the oil layer switch and is the main component of the disengagement structure. The movable retaining ring 30 is fitted onto the outside of the straightening body 28 and can move axially. The straightening block 31 is mounted on the straightening body 28 through related connecting parts. One end of the third spring 32 is connected to the straightening block 31, and the other end is connected to the straightening body 28. The outer chuck pin 33 is installed on the centralizing body 28, and the outer chuck 34 is connected to the centralizing body 28 through the outer chuck pin 33, allowing it to rotate around the pin. A damping ring 35 is fitted around the outer center tube 39, a fixing ring 36 is fixed to the outside of the centralizing body 28, and a locking ring 37 is fitted around the outer center tube 39 and secured with threads. The inner center tube 38 is located inside the outer center tube 39, allowing relative movement between them. A seventh pin 40 limits and fixes the outer center tube 39 to the cone 42. The cone 42 engages with the lower section 3 of the plunger, and can be separated after setting in the well. A rubber sleeve 43 is fitted around the outer center tube 39, a spacer ring 44 is located between the rubber sleeves 43, and a telescopic sleeve 45 is fitted around the inner center tube 38, engaging with the pressure sleeve 48. The pressure sleeve 48 is connected to the guide head 51, and a piston 49 is fitted at the inner end face of the inner center tube 38. The guide head 51 is connected to the lowest end of the layer switch.

[0023] The shovel joint 1 is used to connect to the pump tubing or water well tubing and is the starting component for force and motion transmission. The upper section 2 and lower section 3 of the shovel rod together constitute the shovel rod, which transmits force and motion during operation and works with the disengagement mechanism to achieve related functions. The first spring 4 provides elastic reset, offering buffering and reset force during the movement of the shovel rod. The retrieval sleeve 5 facilitates retrieval operations of the oil layer switch when needed. The flat key 6 connects the force transmission sleeve 8 and related components, transmitting torque and ensuring synchronous movement between components. The force transmission sleeve 8 and lower force transmission sleeve 9 transmit force, transferring the force from the upper part to the related components in the lower part, ensuring effective force transmission. The second pin 11, third pin 19, fourth pin 22, fifth pin 23, sixth pin 29, and seventh pin 40 respectively serve to fix, position, and connect related components, and can be sheared or detached under specific conditions to achieve relative movement between components. The outer sleeve 12 serves as an external protection and support component, enclosing multiple internal components to form an integral structure. Locking sleeve 13 works in conjunction with other components to achieve a locking function, ensuring the stability of the oil layer switch under specific conditions. Sliding sleeve 14 can slide axially, participating in related control and adjustment processes. First sliding pin 15, second sliding pin 18, and third sliding pin 26 can slide within corresponding tracks or grooves, realizing relative movement and position adjustment between components. Spring cap 16 protects the spring and limits its position. Limiting sleeve 17 restricts the range of motion of related components, ensuring they move within a predetermined trajectory. Bushing 20 provides padding and protection, reducing wear between components. Connecting sleeve 21 connects different components, ensuring the integrity of the overall structure. Second spring 24 provides elastic force, participating in the component reset and adjustment process. Positioning pin 25 precisely limits the position of components, ensuring accurate relative positioning between them. Spring seat 27 supports the spring, providing a stable mounting position. The straightening body 28 serves as the mounting base for components such as the straightening block, providing main support. Movable retaining ring 30 is a movable retaining ring used to limit the axial movement of related components. The centralizing block 31 plays a centralizing role during the lowering of the reservoir switch into the wellbore, and also contacts the casing wall during blowout prevention or overflow prevention to assist in the sealing function. The third spring 32 provides elastic force to the centralizing block 31, allowing it to better conform to or return to its original position against the casing wall. The outer chuck pin 33 is used to install the outer chuck 34, allowing the outer chuck 34 to rotate around it. During blowout prevention or overflow prevention, the outer chuck 34 can lock at the casing coupling joint, restricting the movement of related components and assisting in the sealing of the reservoir. The damping ring 35 provides damping, slowing down the movement speed of the components and ensuring smooth movement. The fixed retaining ring 36 is a fixed retaining ring used to restrict the axial movement of the components. The locking ring 37 works with other components to achieve locking, ensuring the stability of the reservoir switch in operation. The inner center tube 38 and the outer center tube 39 together constitute the center tube structure, which is an important channel for force and well fluid transmission and the basis for the installation of other components.The cone 42 moves under the action of relevant forces, wedging out the centralizing block 31 and simultaneously pushing the rubber sleeve 43 during oil layer isolation. The rubber sleeve 43 is a key sealing component for oil layer isolation; it compresses and expands under pressure, tightly fitting against the inner wall of the casing to prevent the flow of oil and water. The spacer ring 44 separates the rubber sleeves 43, ensuring independent operation and sealing effect for each sleeve. The telescopic sleeve 45 can telescopically extend and retract, cooperating with components such as the outer central tube 39 to compress the rubber sleeve 43. The pressure-bearing sleeve 48 withstands pressure and transmits it to relevant components, ensuring that components such as the rubber sleeve 43 can achieve sealing under sufficient pressure. The piston 49 moves under the action of the pressure medium, transmitting pressure and driving the relevant components. The guide head 51 acts as a guide when the oil layer switch is lowered into the wellbore, guiding the oil layer switch smoothly downwards along the casing's central axis.

[0024] The principle of blowout prevention technology during the operation of electric pump wells and large pump wells is as follows: Connection method: The layer switch is connected to the bottom of the pump tubing string (27 / 8TBG female port). The push rod and sealing mechanism are connected by a disengagement mechanism. This is used for blowout prevention in electric pump wells and large pump wells. The layer switch does not function during the well run-in process. When resuming operation, lower the tubing string 1-2 meters so that the track control pins of the inner and outer rotating bodies are in the high position. Rotate the tubing 1-2 turns in the forward direction to change the direction of the control pins. Slowly raise the tubing string. At this time, the casing and the centralizing block 31 drive the cone 42 downward under friction, wedging the centralizing block 31 onto the casing arm. Continue to raise the tubing string. The outer clamp 34 will be locked at the casing coupling seam. Continue to raise the tubing string. The outer center tube 39 is restricted by the outer clamp 34 and does not move. The relative movement of the outer center tube 39 and the telescopic sleeve 45 compresses the rubber sleeve 43 to seal the oil layer. Simultaneously, the push rod and the disengagement mechanism also generate relative movement, causing the outer clasp 34 of the disengagement mechanism to engage in the locking groove. The push rod and the cone 42 disengage, leaving the cone 42 downhole to isolate the oil layer and prevent blowout. When running the pump, the push rod connector 1 is at the bottom of the pump string. After the push rod is inserted into the disengagement mechanism, it releases the outer clasp 34 of the disengagement mechanism and connects with the cone 42. The rubber sleeve 43 rebounds, the casing centering block 31 moves upward relative to the casing, the outer clasp 34 resets, and the oil layer is opened. This allows for repeated use to achieve the function of not controlling the well.

[0025] The principle of overflow prevention technology during well construction is as follows: The oil layer switch is connected to the bottom of the water well string (27 / 8TBG female thread). The retaining ball at the bottom of the string is held in place by a water-soluble support, and the casing protects the packer. The tubing is configured according to the above requirements. A temporary plug is inserted into the water distributor, and the retaining ball is held in place by a water-soluble support. The tubing is already sealed. Using a wellhead sealer to isolate the annulus at the wellhead ensures the water well overflow prevention process during the well run-in. The tubing is pressurized to release the packer, the water distributor plug or temporary plug melts, the explosive charge holding the retaining ball melts, and normal water injection is performed. During subsequent drilling, the plug inserted at the wellhead is seated into the plug working tube above the casing protects the packer, and a matching wellhead sealer is used. The original well string is pulled out to above the perforated section to achieve the water well overflow prevention process. After confirming the oil layer switch is above the perforated section, cone 42 is dropped downhole to isolate the oil layer. The oil layer is sealed before the completion string reaches cone 42. The bottom of the completion string connects to the oil layer switch via a push rod, followed by a dead-end water plug, a ball stopper held in place by a soluble support, and the plug's working cylinder. The push rod is then inserted into cone 42 to release the oil layer switch. Using a wellhead sealer to isolate the annulus at the wellhead ensures water well overflow prevention during the downhole process. This allows for repeated use of the water well operation's overflow prevention function.

[0026] The upper section 2 and lower section 3 of the push rod, the straightening body 28, the straightening block 31, the outer claw 34, the inner central tube 38, the outer central tube 39, the pressure sleeve 48, and the piston 49 are made of 35CrMo alloy steel. After heat treatment, they are machined by high-precision CNC machine tools to ensure their stability and reliability under high pressure. The sealing component's rubber sleeve and rubber ring are made of hydrogenated nitrile rubber to ensure high temperature and high pressure resistance.

[0027] When installing the blowout preventer (BOP) layer switch, ensure a secure connection and good seal with the tubing. Handle with care when lowering it into the well; avoid dropping or striking it. Lower it at a steady pace to prevent it from rotating in the correct direction and setting. Avoid sudden impacts or blunt force during the lowering process to prevent the connector from coming loose.

[0028] The specific embodiments of this utility model disclosed above are merely illustrative of the present utility model. These specific embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the utility model to only the described embodiments. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of this utility model, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize it.

Claims

1. A blowout preventer oil layer switch, characterized in that: The shovel joint (1) is connected to the upper section (2) of the shovel rod, the upper section (2) of the shovel rod is connected to the lower section (3) of the shovel rod, the retrieval sleeve (5) is connected to the transmission sleeve (8), the transmission sleeve (8) is in contact with the end face of the lower transmission sleeve (9), the first spring (4) is sleeved on the outside of the upper section (2) of the shovel rod, one end is in contact with the shovel joint (1), and the other end is in contact with the flat key (6). The flat key (6) is installed in the corresponding groove of the transmission sleeve (8) through the first pin (7), and the outer thread of the lower transmission sleeve (9) is fixedly connected to the inner thread of the retrieval sleeve (5); the outer sleeve (12) wraps the locking sleeve (13), the sliding sleeve (14), the limiting sleeve (17) and the liner. The sleeve (20) and the locking sleeve (13) are fitted inside the outer sleeve (12) and fixedly connected with the corresponding thread. The sliding sleeve (14) is fitted outside the connecting sleeve (21) and can slide along the axis. The limiting sleeve (17) is fitted outside the connecting sleeve (21) and the bushing (20) is fitted outside the limiting sleeve (17). The connecting sleeve (21) is connected between the sliding sleeve (14) and the inner central tube (38). The straightening body (28) is located at the upper end of the sealing structure of the oil layer switch. The inner central tube (38) is located inside the outer central tube (39). The rubber sleeve (43) is fitted outside the outer central tube (39). The guide head (51) is connected at the lowest end of the oil layer switch.

2. The blowout preventer oil layer switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second pin (11) limits and fixes the upper force transmission sleeve (8), the lower force transmission sleeve (9) and the retrieval sleeve (5).

3. The blowout preventer oil layer switch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first sliding pin (15) is mounted on the outer sleeve (12) and located in the corresponding groove; the bushing (20) is connected to the inside of the outer sleeve (12) by the third pin (19).

4. The blowout preventer oil layer switch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting sleeve (21) is connected to the inner central tube (38) through the fourth pin (22). The second spring (24) is installed on the spring seat (27). The spring seat (27) is connected to the limiting end face inside the inner central tube (38). The positioning pin (25) passes through the hole of the third sliding pin (26) and the straightening body (28).

5. A blowout preventer oil layer switch according to claim 4, characterized in that: The movable retaining ring (30) is fitted on the outside of the straightening body (28) and can move axially; the straightening block (31) is installed on the straightening body (28) through the connector, and one end of the third spring (32) is connected to the straightening block (31) and the other end is connected to the straightening body (28).

6. A blowout preventer oil layer switch according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer claw pin (33) is installed on the straightening body (28), the outer claw (34) is connected to the straightening body (28) through the outer claw pin (33), the damping ring (35) is sleeved on the outside of the outer center tube (39), and the fixed retaining ring (36) is connected to the outside of the straightening body (28).

7. A blowout preventer oil layer switch according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking ring (37) is fitted on the outside of the outer center tube (39) and connected by a threaded connection; the seventh pin (40) limits the connection between the outer center tube (39) and the cone (42); the cone (42) is connected to the lower section (3) of the shovel rod.

8. A blowout preventer oil layer switch according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spacer (44) is located between the rubber tubes (43), the telescopic sleeve (45) is sleeved on the outside of the inner central tube (38) and cooperates with the pressure sleeve (48). The pressure sleeve (48) is connected to the guide head (51), and the piston (49) is sleeved on the inner end face of the inner central tube (38).

9. A blowout prevention oil layer switch according to claim 8, characterized in that: The spring cap (16) is installed at the end of the second spring (24); the second sliding pin (18) passes through the limiting sleeve (17) and is threaded to the outside of the spring cap (16).

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