A tunneling machine cutterhead

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of shield machine, concretely provides a kind of shield machine cutter, including cutter shaft, the cutter body of rotation sleeve being set in the outside of the cutter shaft and the cutter ring being set in the outside of the cutter body, the cutter ring includes left cutter head and right cutter head, the left cutter head and the right cutter head are half ring, and mutual splicing is circular, the axial both sides of the cutter body are respectively fixed with positioning part, the cutter ring is clamped between two positioning parts, and is fixedly connected with two positioning parts. The utility model is split into left cutter head and right cutter head by cutter ring, only need to replace worn left cutter head or right cutter head, without scrapping entire cutter or entire cutter ring, substantially reduce spare parts cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of tunnel boring machine technology, and more specifically, relates to a tunnel boring machine cutter head. Background Technology

[0002] The cutterhead of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) is equipped with several roller cutters. These roller cutters, in conjunction with the scrapers on the cutterhead, shear, compress, and grind the soil during the TBM's excavation operation. However, the cutter rings are prone to wear during use, often only partially, while the unworn parts may still be usable. Current technology typically replaces the entire roller cutter, leading to resource waste. Another repair method involves welding a wear-resistant layer onto the worn areas. However, this method requires returning the roller cutter to the factory and using specialized equipment, resulting in a long repair cycle and impacting usability. Utility Model Content

[0003] Based on the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a tunnel boring machine cutterhead to solve the technical problems of wear on the cutter ring, long maintenance cycle, and impact on use of the cutterhead in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: a tunnel boring machine cutterhead is provided, comprising: a cutter shaft, a cutter body rotatably sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft, and a cutter ring disposed on the outside of the cutter body. The cutter ring includes a left cutter head and a right cutter head, both of which are semi-circular and are spliced ​​together to form a circular ring. Positioning parts are fixedly provided on both axial sides of the cutter body, and the cutter ring is sandwiched between the two positioning parts and fixedly connected to the two positioning parts.

[0005] Furthermore, one end of the left cutter head is provided with a first fixing block, and the other end is provided with a first groove. The two ends of the right cutter head are respectively provided with a second fixing block and a second groove that are adapted to the first fixing block and the first groove. The first fixing block is inserted into the second groove, and the second fixing block is inserted into the first groove.

[0006] Furthermore, both the first groove and the second groove have a first through hole on their sidewalls, and the first fixing block and the second fixing block have a second through hole corresponding to the first through hole. Each positioning part has a screw on one side, and the free end of each screw passes through the corresponding first through hole and the second through hole and is screwed to the positioning part that is arranged opposite to it.

[0007] Furthermore, each of the positioning parts includes a fixing ring and a baffle. The fixing ring is fixedly connected to the cutter body by a plurality of bolts, and the baffle is fixed on one side of the fixing ring, with the other side of the baffle abutting against the cutter ring.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the baffle is larger than the outer diameter of the fixing ring.

[0009] Furthermore, the concave surfaces of the left and right cutter heads are provided with multiple positioning grooves, the axial direction of the positioning grooves is parallel to the axial direction of the cutter body, and each positioning part is provided with multiple positioning rods corresponding to the multiple positioning grooves, and the multiple positioning rods are slidably inserted into the multiple positioning grooves.

[0010] Furthermore, the length of the positioning rod is less than or equal to half the thickness of the left or right cutter head.

[0011] Furthermore, both the left and right cutting heads are made of cemented carbide steel.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the tunnel boring machine cutter provided in this application are: 1. By splitting the cutter ring into a left cutter head and a right cutter head, only the worn left or right cutter head needs to be replaced, eliminating the need to scrap the entire hob or the entire cutter ring, which greatly reduces spare parts costs and avoids the problem of long maintenance cycles that affect use.

[0013] 2. By setting the fixing ring of the positioning part to be bolted to the cutter body, if the baffle or fixing ring is partially worn, the positioning part assembly can be replaced separately without scrapping the entire cutter body, further reducing resource waste; 3. By using the first and second fixing blocks of the left and right cutter heads in conjunction with the first and second grooves, splicing is convenient while ensuring the accurate roundness of the cutter ring after splicing. At the same time, by setting the positioning rod and positioning groove, the cutter ring is prevented from rotating relative to the cutter body due to excessive friction of the stratum, ensuring that the rotation speed of the cutter ring is consistent with that of the cutter body, and ensuring stable crushing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of a tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a tunnel boring machine cutter according to the present invention.

[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Cutter shaft; 2. Cutter body; 3. Cutter ring; 31. Left cutter head; 311. First fixing block; 312. First groove; 313. Positioning groove; 32. Right cutter head; 321. Second fixing block; 322. Second groove; 33. First through hole; 34. Second through hole; 4. Positioning part; 41. Fixing ring; 42. Baffle; 43. Positioning rod; 5. Screw; 6. Bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0018] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0019] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0020] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" or "several" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0022] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 3As shown, the following describes a tunnel boring machine (TBM) cutterhead according to an embodiment of this application. The TBM cutterhead of this utility model includes a cutter shaft 1, a cutter body 2, and a cutter ring 3. The cutter body 2 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft 1, and the cutter ring 3 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the cutter body 2. When the TBM is working, the cutter body 2 rotates around the cutter shaft 1, causing the outer cutter ring 3 to rotate synchronously. The cutter ring 3 contacts the ground, achieving the functions of shearing, compressing, grinding, and breaking the ground. It should be noted that the cutter shaft 1, the cutter body 2, and their connection structure are all existing technologies. Specifically, the cutter shaft 1 is used for fixed connection with the cutterhead of the TBM. The cutter shaft 1 is rotatably connected to the cutter body 2 through bearings, a floating sealing ring, a rubber ring, and a cover, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0023] In this embodiment, the cutter ring 3 includes a left cutter head 31 and a right cutter head 32. Both the left cutter head 31 and the right cutter head 32 are made of cemented carbide steel, and both are semi-circular in shape. They are spliced ​​together to form a circular ring, which is fitted onto the outside of the cutter body 2. Positioning parts 4 are fixed on both sides of the axial direction of the cutter body 2. The cutter ring 3 is sandwiched between the two positioning parts 4 and fixedly connected to the two positioning parts 4. In practice, the left cutter head 31 and the right cutter head 32 are aligned and spliced ​​to form a complete circular cutter ring 3. Then, the cutter ring 3 is fitted onto the outside of the cutter body 2, and then the cutter ring 3 is clamped and fixed onto the cutter body 2 by the two positioning parts 4, thus completing the hobbing cutter assembly.

[0024] When the cutter ring 3 shows partial wear (e.g., only the left cutter head 31 or the right cutter head 32 is worn), the operator can release the positioning part 4 from the cutter ring 3, remove and replace the worn left cutter head 31 or right cutter head 32. By splitting the cutter ring 3 into the left cutter head 31 and the right cutter head 32, it is not necessary to replace the entire hob or the entire cutter ring 3 when the cutter ring 3 is partially worn, thereby significantly saving material costs.

[0025] In this embodiment, one end of the left cutter head 31 is provided with a first fixing block 311, and the other end is provided with a first groove 312. The two ends of the right cutter head 32 are respectively provided with a second fixing block 321 and a second groove 322 that are adapted to the first fixing block 311 and the first groove 312. The first fixing block 311 is inserted into the second groove 322, and the second fixing block 321 is inserted into the first groove 312 to form an interlocking splice. That is, when assembling the cutter ring 3, the first fixing block 311 of the left cutter head 31 is aligned with the second groove 322 of the right cutter head 32, and the second fixing block 321 of the right cutter head 32 is aligned with the first groove 312 of the left cutter head 31. The left cutter head 31 and the right cutter head 32 are pushed radially along the cutter ring 3 so that the corresponding first fixing block 311 and the second fixing block 321 are completely inserted into the corresponding first groove 312 and the second groove 322. At this time, the two semi-annular left cutter heads 31 and right cutter heads 32 are precisely aligned to form a complete ring, which is fitted on the outside of the cutter body 2.

[0026] In this embodiment, the sidewalls of the first groove 312 and the second groove 322 are provided with first through holes 33, and the first fixing block 311 and the second fixing block 321 are respectively provided with second through holes 34 corresponding to the first through holes 33. That is, the second through holes 34 are coaxial with the corresponding first through holes 33. Each positioning part 4 is provided with a screw 5 on one side. The free end of each screw 5 passes through the corresponding first through hole 33 and the second through hole 34 and is screwed to the positioning part 4 that is arranged opposite to it.

[0027] After the left cutter head 31 and the right cutter head 32 are spliced ​​together by the first fixing block 311 and the second fixing block 321 with the first groove 312 and the second groove 322, the corresponding first through hole 33 and the corresponding second through hole 34 are in a coaxial state. Then, the screw 5 is passed out from one side of the positioning part 4 (the positioning part 4 has a pre-reserved through hole). The free end of the screw 5 passes through the corresponding first through hole 33 and the second through hole 34 in sequence, and is finally screwed into the other side of the positioning part 4 (the positioning part 4 has a screw hole). When the cutter ring 3 is worn, the screw 5 is loosened in the reverse direction and pulled out from the first through hole 33 and the second through hole 34. Then, the worn cutter head is removed and replaced. By passing the screw 5 through the positioning part 4, the first through hole 33 and the second through hole 34, the positioning part 4, the left cutter head 31 and the right cutter head 32 are fixed in a through-shaft manner, which can resist the high-frequency vibration and impact force during tunneling and prevent the cutter ring 3 from loosening.

[0028] In this embodiment, each positioning part 4 includes a fixing ring 41 and a baffle 42. The fixing ring 41 is fixedly connected to the cutter body 2 by multiple bolts 6, which are evenly arranged around the circumference of the cutter body 2. The baffle 42 is fixed on one side of the fixing ring 41, and the other side of the baffle 42 abuts against the cutter ring 3. Specifically, the baffle 42 and the fixing ring 41 are integrally formed or welded together. In practice, the fixing ring 41 is first fitted onto the axial end of the cutter body 2 (the fixing rings 41 of the two positioning parts 4 are located at the two axial ends of the cutter body 2, respectively). The fixing ring 41 is then locked to the cutter body 2 by the multiple bolts 6 distributed around the circumference, thus achieving a detachable connection between the positioning part 4 and the cutter body 2.

[0029] The retaining ring 41 is connected to the cutter body 2 by bolts 6, and can be disassembled and replaced. If the baffle 42 or the retaining ring 41 is partially worn, the entire cutter body 2 does not need to be scrapped, further saving resources. It should be noted that since the baffle 42 is fixed inside the retaining ring 41, after the retaining ring 41 is installed, the baffle 42 naturally and tightly abuts against the axial side of the cutter ring 3, forming an axial limit on the cutter ring 3, preventing the cutter ring 3 from moving during rotation, ensuring a stable contact position between the cutter ring 3 and the stratum, and improving crushing efficiency.

[0030] Preferably, the outer diameter of the baffle 42 is larger than the outer diameter of the fixing ring 41, forming a stepped structure where the baffle 42 expands outward and the fixing ring 41 contracts inward. Because the outer diameter of the baffle 42 is larger, its radial coverage exceeds that of the fixing ring 41, which can better cover the axial side of the cutter ring 3, thereby better positioning the cutter ring 3.

[0031] In this embodiment, the concave surfaces of the left cutter head 31 and the right cutter head 32 are provided with multiple positioning grooves 313. The axial direction of the positioning grooves 313 is parallel to the axial direction of the cutter body 2 (the positioning grooves 313 penetrate the left cutter head 31 and the right cutter head 32 along the axial direction of the cutter body 2). Each positioning part 4 is provided with multiple positioning rods 43 corresponding to the multiple positioning grooves 313. The multiple positioning rods 43 are slidably inserted into the multiple positioning grooves 313.

[0032] In practice, the left cutter head 31 and the right cutter head 32 are joined together to form a ring, which is then fitted onto the outside of the cutter body 2. Two positioning parts 4 are then fitted onto both ends of the cutter body 2. Simultaneously, the multiple positioning rods 43 of the two positioning parts 4 are aligned with the positioning grooves 313 on the concave surfaces of the left cutter head 31 and the right cutter head 32. Next, the two positioning parts 4 are pushed towards the cutter ring 3, so that the multiple positioning rods 43 are fully inserted into the corresponding positioning grooves 313. At this point, the cooperation between the positioning rods 43 and the positioning grooves 313 restricts the circumferential rotation of the cutter ring 3 relative to the positioning parts 4 (and the cutter body 2). Therefore, during tunneling, the cutter body 2 drives the positioning parts 4 to rotate, and the multiple positioning rods 43 of the positioning parts 4 drive the cutter ring 3 to rotate synchronously through the multiple positioning grooves 313. This prevents the cutter ring 3 from rotating relative to the cutter body 2 (slipping) due to excessive ground friction, ensuring that the rotation speed of the cutter ring 3 is consistent with that of the cutter body 2, and guaranteeing stable crushing efficiency.

[0033] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the length of the positioning rod 43 is less than or equal to half the thickness of the left cutter head 31 or the right cutter head 32. Since the length of the positioning rod 43 does not exceed half the thickness of the left cutter head 31 or the right cutter head 32, the multiple positioning rods 43 of the two positioning parts 4 can be simultaneously inserted into the multiple positioning slots 313 of the left cutter head 31 and the right cutter head 32. That is, the positioning rods 43 of the two positioning parts 4 will not collide with each other. After the positioning rods 43 on both sides are fully inserted into the positioning slots 313, the circumferential displacement of the left cutter head 31 and the right cutter head 32 is jointly restricted by the positioning rods 43 of the two positioning parts 4. By having the positioning rods 43 of the two positioning parts 4 simultaneously inserted into the positioning slots 313 from both ends, torque can be transmitted synchronously from both sides of the cutter head along the axial direction. This reduces the stress on a single positioning rod 43, decreases the probability of bending or breaking, better adapts to high-frequency impact conditions, and improves the crushing stability of the roller cutter.

[0034] In a specific implementation of this utility model, the blade body 2 is first rotated and fitted onto the blade shaft 1 using an existing structure. Then, the left blade head 31 and the right blade head 32 (the first fixing block 311, the second groove 322, and the second fixing block 321 and the first groove 312 are interlocked) are spliced ​​into a ring shape and fitted onto the blade body 2. Next, the positioning parts 4 located at both ends of the blade body 2 are fitted onto the blade body 2, and the positioning parts 4 on both sides are pushed towards the blade ring 3, so that the multiple positioning rods 43 of the two positioning parts 4 are simultaneously inserted from both ends of the multiple positioning grooves 313 (the positioning rods 43 on both sides are positioned opposite each other in the middle of the positioning grooves 313 without touching). The positioning rod 43 and the positioning groove 313 are used to restrict the circumferential rotation of the cutter ring 3 relative to the cutter body 2. Then, the fixing ring 41 of the positioning part 4 is locked to the cutter body 2 by the evenly distributed bolts 6. The baffle 42 is used to achieve full axial positioning of the cutter ring 3 to prevent the cutter ring 3 from moving. After the cutter ring 3 is in contact with the positioning part 4, the screw 5 is passed out from one side of the positioning part 4, through the first through hole 33 and the second through hole 34, and screwed into the threaded hole of the other side of the positioning part 4. The positioning part 4, the left cutter head 31 and the right cutter head 32 are locked together by the through shaft fixing to complete the overall assembly.

[0035] When the cutter ring 3 is partially worn, loosen the through screw 5 in the reverse direction and pull out the screw 5. At the same time, pull out the bolt 6 used to fix the positioning part 4. Then move the positioning parts 4 on both sides so that multiple positioning rods 43 can be pulled out from both ends of multiple positioning grooves 313. After releasing the positioning constraint, directly remove the worn left cutter head 31 or right cutter head 32 and re-fix the new left cutter head 31 or right cutter head 32 according to the original splicing method.

[0036] This invention, by splitting the cutter ring 3 into a left cutter head 31 and a right cutter head 32, only requires replacing the worn left cutter head 31 or right cutter head 32, eliminating the need to scrap the entire roller cutter or the entire cutter ring 3, significantly reducing spare parts costs. By using bolts 6 to connect the fixing ring 41 of the positioning part 4 to the cutter body 2, if the baffle 42 or fixing ring 41 is partially worn, the positioning part 4 assembly can be replaced separately, without scrapping the entire cutter body 2, further reducing resource waste. The first fixing block 311 and the second fixing block 321 of the left cutter head 31 and the right cutter head 32, in conjunction with the first groove 312 and the second groove 322, facilitate splicing while ensuring accurate roundness of the cutter ring 3 after splicing. The positioning rod 43, in conjunction with the positioning groove 313, prevents the cutter ring 3 from rotating relative to the cutter body 2 due to excessive ground friction, ensuring that the rotation speed of the cutter ring 3 is consistent with that of the cutter body 2, guaranteeing stable crushing efficiency.

[0037] It is understood that the parts in the above embodiments can be freely combined or deleted to form different combined embodiments. The specific contents of each combined embodiment will not be repeated here. After this description, it can be considered that the present utility model specification has recorded each combined embodiment and can support different combined embodiments.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A tunnel boring machine cutterhead, comprising a cutter shaft, a cutter body rotatably sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft, and a cutter ring disposed on the outside of the cutter body, characterized in that, The cutter ring includes a left cutter head and a right cutter head, both of which are semi-circular and joined together to form a circular ring. Positioning parts are fixed on both sides of the axial direction of the cutter body, and the cutter ring is sandwiched between the two positioning parts and fixedly connected to the two positioning parts.

2. The tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, The left cutter head has a first fixing block at one end and a first groove at the other end. The right cutter head has a second fixing block and a second groove at both ends that are adapted to the first fixing block and the first groove, respectively. The first fixing block is inserted into the second groove and the second fixing block is inserted into the first groove.

3. The tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the first groove and the second groove have a first through hole on their sidewalls. The first fixing block and the second fixing block have a second through hole corresponding to the first through hole. Each positioning part has a screw on one side. The free end of each screw passes through the corresponding first through hole and the second through hole and is screwed to the positioning part that is arranged opposite to each other.

4. The tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the positioning parts includes a fixing ring and a baffle. The fixing ring is fixedly connected to the cutter body by a plurality of bolts. The baffle is fixed on one side of the fixing ring, and the other side of the baffle abuts against the cutter ring.

5. The tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the baffle is larger than the outer diameter of the fixing ring.

6. The tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concave surfaces of the left and right cutter heads are provided with multiple positioning grooves. The axial direction of the positioning grooves is parallel to the axial direction of the cutter body. Each positioning part is provided with multiple positioning rods corresponding to the multiple positioning grooves. The multiple positioning rods are slidably inserted into the multiple positioning grooves.

7. The tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to claim 6, characterized in that, The length of the positioning rod is less than or equal to half the thickness of the left or right cutter head.

8. The tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the left and right cutting heads are made of cemented carbide steel.

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