Single-blade cutter for tunnel boring machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to single blade hob technical field especially, it relates to a single blade hob for shield machine of preventing loose, including the sword axle, the outside of sword axle is equipped with the cutter body, the inlay of one side of cutter body is provided with rear end cover, still including three -segment type gradient screw groove, rear end cover inner wall is opened three -segment type gradient screw groove, first section is coarse tooth screw groove, second section is fine tooth screw groove, third section is reverse locking screw groove, the screw groove of mutually adapting of coarse tooth screw groove is opened to the outer wall of sword axle tail end, and is mutually screwed, the inside inlay of fine tooth screw groove is equipped with fastening mechanism, the inside inlay of reverse locking screw groove is equipped with locking mechanism, the utility model relates to a single blade hob for shield machine of preventing loose, this design through three -segment type gradient screw groove and the synergies of double loose -proof mechanism, coarse tooth screw realizes fast pre -tightening, fine tooth screw enhances axial locking force, reverse locking screw forms reverse locking mechanism, has improved tool steady performance significantly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of single-edged roller cutter technology, and in particular to a single-edged roller cutter for tunnel boring machines that prevents loosening. Background Technology

[0002] As a core piece of equipment in the field of modern underground engineering, the tunnel boring machine (TBM) uses single-edged cutterheads on its cutterheads as key components for breaking up rock and soil and advancing tunnels. The cutterheads of the TBM are designed with torque values ​​based on the compressive strength of the strata, and the normal operating torque range is 24-35 N.M. However, in long-distance tunneling, hard rock strata, or complex geological conditions, if the cutter torque decreases, especially if it is accompanied by a loose cutterhead cover, it is a dangerous signal that requires high vigilance.

[0003] Loosening of the cutter cover directly leads to a decrease in the preload applied to the internal bearing, which in turn reduces the rotational resistance of the entire cutter assembly, i.e., reduces the torque. The decrease in torque does not mean an increase in mechanical efficiency, but rather the opposite. It indicates that the effective normal pressure between the cutter and the cutterhead is insufficient, resulting in a significant reduction in the friction between the cutter and the rock and soil during tunneling. This leads to a significant decrease in cutter stability, specifically manifested as increased cutter body sway, reduced cutting accuracy, seal failure, and even the risk of cutter falling off, directly affecting the safety and continuity of shield tunneling.

[0004] Insufficient friction can lead to serious consequences. The cutter head will be unable to produce effective compaction and cutting action on the rock and soil surface, and will instead work by slipping and rubbing more. This abnormal working condition will accelerate the uneven wear and overall damage of the cutter head's cutting ring, greatly shorten the tool life, increase the replacement frequency and construction costs. More seriously, this will directly affect the tunneling efficiency and the control of the tunnel axis, and may cause downtime accidents due to abnormal tool damage, posing a major safety hazard.

[0005] Therefore, to address the issue of the difficulty in effectively improving the stability of cutting tools when used in high-intensity operational scenarios, a single-edged hobbing cutter for tunnel boring machines can be designed to prevent loosening. Through the synergistic effect of a three-section gradient thread groove and a dual anti-loosening mechanism, the anti-loosening performance of the cutter is significantly improved. The coarse thread enables rapid pre-tightening, the fine thread enhances the axial locking force, and the reverse locking thread forms a reverse locking mechanism, which improves the stability of the cutter compared to traditional structures, increases the efficiency of tunnel boring machine construction, reduces maintenance costs, and facilitates assembly and disassembly, making operation simple and efficient. Utility Model Content

[0006] To overcome the problem that when a single-edged hob is in use, tool loosening will significantly reduce the stability of the hob, accelerate the uneven wear of the hob's cutting edge and overall damage, greatly shorten the tool life, increase the replacement frequency and construction costs, and may even cause downtime accidents due to abnormal tool damage.

[0007] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a single-edged roller cutter for a tunnel boring machine that prevents loosening, comprising a cutter shaft, a cutter body sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft, a rear end cover embedded in one side of the cutter body, and a three-section gradient threaded groove. The inner wall of the rear end cover has a three-section gradient threaded groove, the first section being a coarse threaded groove, the second section being a fine threaded groove, and the third section being a reverse locking threaded groove. The outer wall of the tail end of the cutter shaft has a threaded groove that matches the coarse threaded groove and is threadedly connected to it. A fastening mechanism is embedded inside the fine threaded groove, and a locking mechanism is embedded inside the reverse locking threaded groove.

[0008] Preferably, when this single-edged hob is used, the design significantly improves the anti-loosening performance of the cutter through the synergistic effect of the three-section gradient thread groove and the double anti-loosening mechanism. The coarse thread enables rapid pre-tightening, the fine thread enhances the axial locking force, and the reverse locking thread forms a reverse locking mechanism. The combination of these three features effectively solves the problem of thread loosening caused by vibration and impact in traditional single-edged hobs during shield tunneling. The stability of the cutter is improved compared to traditional structures, the service life is extended, downtime caused by frequent cutter replacement is reduced, shield tunneling efficiency is improved, and maintenance costs are reduced. In summary, this technical solution achieves reliable anti-loosening of shield cutters through structural innovation, providing a strong guarantee for the safe and efficient conduct of shield tunneling.

[0009] Preferably, the fastening mechanism includes a fastening threaded ring and a fastening washer. The fastening threaded ring and the fastening washer are embedded inside the fine thread groove. The outer wall of the fastening threaded ring has a thread groove that matches the fine thread groove and they are threadedly connected to each other.

[0010] Preferably, the threaded ring and the fastening washer are of the same size, and the inner walls of the threaded ring and the fastening washer are in contact with the outer wall of the tail end of the cutter shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a locking threaded ring and a locking washer. The locking threaded ring and the locking washer are embedded inside the reverse locking thread groove. The outer wall of the locking threaded ring has a threaded groove that matches the reverse locking thread groove and they are threadedly connected to each other.

[0012] Preferably, the locking threaded ring and the locking washer are of the same size, the inner walls of the locking threaded ring and the locking washer are in contact with the outer wall of the tail end of the cutter shaft, and the inner wall of the locking washer is in contact with the outer wall of the fastening threaded tube.

[0013] Preferably, the outer walls of the fastening threaded ring and the locking threaded ring are symmetrically provided with hexagonal grooves, which are used to screw the fastening threaded ring and the locking threaded ring into the corresponding thread grooves with the help of a hexagonal wrench.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] 1. This design significantly improves the anti-loosening performance of the cutting tool through the synergistic effect of a three-section gradient thread groove and a dual anti-loosening mechanism. The coarse thread enables rapid pre-tightening, the fine thread enhances axial locking force, and the reverse locking thread forms a reverse locking mechanism. The combination of these three features effectively solves the problem of thread loosening caused by vibration and impact in traditional single-edged roller cutters during shield tunneling. The stability of the cutting tool is improved compared to traditional structures, its service life is extended, downtime caused by frequent tool replacements is reduced, shield tunneling efficiency is improved, and maintenance costs are reduced. In summary, this technical solution achieves reliable anti-loosening of shield cutting tools through structural innovation, providing a strong guarantee for the safe and efficient conduct of shield tunneling.

[0016] 2. This structure achieves progressive assembly from rapid pre-tightening to high-strength locking through a three-section gradient thread groove design: the coarse thread groove ensures assembly efficiency, the fine thread groove provides basic locking force, and the reverse locking thread groove, through the cooperation of the reverse thread with the locking washer and locking thread ring, forms a locking structure opposite to the direction of the first two thread sections, effectively offsetting the vibration and impact force during shield tunneling and preventing the threads from loosening. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a first three-dimensional structural schematic of a single-edged roller cutter for a tunnel boring machine to prevent loosening, according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a first half-section plan view of a single-edged roller cutter for a tunnel boring machine to prevent loosening, according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 What is shown is Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the planar structure at the circled area;

[0020] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a partial planar structural diagram of the separation of the fastening mechanism and the locking mechanism of a single-edged cutter for a tunnel boring machine to prevent loosening, according to this utility model.

[0021] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the separation of the fastening mechanism and the locking mechanism of a single-edged cutter for a tunnel boring machine to prevent loosening, according to this utility model.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Cutter shaft; 2. Cutter body; 3. Rear end cap; 4. Coarse thread groove; 5. Fine thread groove; 6. Reverse locking thread groove; 7. Fastening threaded ring; 8. Fastening washer; 9. Locking threaded ring; 10. Locking washer; 11. Hexagonal groove. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 4 This utility model provides an embodiment: a single-edged roller cutter for a tunnel boring machine to prevent loosening, including a cutter shaft 1, a cutter body 2 sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft 1, a rear end cover 3 embedded in one side of the cutter body 2, and a three-section gradient threaded groove. The inner wall of the rear end cover 3 has a three-section gradient threaded groove, the first section is a coarse threaded groove 4, the second section is a fine threaded groove 5, and the third section is a reverse locking threaded groove 6. The outer wall of the tail end of the cutter shaft 1 has a threaded groove that is compatible with the coarse threaded groove 4 and is threadedly connected to each other. A fastening mechanism is embedded in the fine threaded groove 5, and a locking mechanism is embedded in the reverse locking threaded groove 6.

[0025] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The fastening threaded ring 7 and the fastening washer 8 are the same size. The inner walls of the fastening threaded ring 7 and the fastening washer 8 are in contact with the outer wall of the tail end of the cutter shaft 1. The axial locking force is enhanced by the high frictional resistance of the fine thread. The locking mechanism includes a locking threaded ring 9 and a locking washer 10. The locking threaded ring 9 and the locking washer 10 are embedded in the reverse locking thread groove 6. The outer wall of the locking threaded ring 9 has a thread groove that matches the reverse locking thread groove 6 and they are threaded together. The locking washer 10 is embedded in the third section of the reverse locking thread groove 6. Then, a U-shaped hex wrench is inserted into the hexagonal groove 11 on the outer wall of the locking threaded ring 9 and screwed into the reverse locking thread groove 6. At this time, the locking threaded ring 9 is in contact with the outer wall of the tail end of the cutter shaft 1, and the inner wall of the locking washer 10 is pressed against the outer wall of the fastening threaded ring 7, forming a double thread anti-loosening mechanism of "forward pre-tightening + reverse locking".

[0026] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The locking mechanism includes a locking threaded ring 9 and a locking washer 10. The locking threaded ring 9 and locking washer 10 are embedded inside the reverse locking threaded groove 6. The outer wall of the locking threaded ring 9 has a threaded groove that matches the reverse locking threaded groove 6 and they are threaded together. The locking washer 10 is inserted into the third section of the reverse locking threaded groove 6. Then, a U-shaped hex wrench is inserted into the hexagonal groove 11 on the outer wall of the locking threaded ring 9 and screwed into the reverse locking threaded groove 6. At this point, the locking threaded ring 9 and the cutter shaft 1... The outer wall of the tail end is fitted together, and the inner wall of the locking washer 10 is pressed against the outer wall of the fastening threaded ring 7, forming a double thread anti-loosening mechanism of "forward pre-tightening + reverse locking". The locking threaded ring 9 and the locking washer 10 are the same size. The inner walls of the locking threaded ring 9 and the locking washer 10 are both fitted together with the outer wall of the tail end of the cutter shaft 1. The inner wall of the locking washer 10 is fitted together with the outer wall of the fastening threaded tube. The inner wall of the locking washer 10 is pressed against the outer wall of the fastening threaded ring 7, forming a double thread anti-loosening mechanism of "forward pre-tightening + reverse locking".

[0027] Please see Figure 3and Figure 5 The outer walls of the fastening threaded ring 7 and the locking threaded ring 9 are respectively provided with hexagonal grooves 11, which are used to screw the fastening threaded ring 7 and the locking threaded ring 9 into the corresponding thread grooves with the help of a hexagonal wrench. The design of the hexagonal grooves 11 makes it easy to assemble and disassemble with a U-shaped hexagonal wrench, which is simple and efficient and further improves the convenience of construction.

[0028] When the single-edged roller cutter is used, the working principle of the shield machine single-edged roller cutter to prevent loosening is as follows: During assembly, the rear end cover 3 is first sleeved on the tail end of the cutter shaft 1. By rotating the rear end cover 3, the first section of coarse thread groove 4 on the inner wall is threadedly connected to the outer thread groove on the tail end of the cutter shaft 1, so as to achieve rapid pre-tightening and positioning.

[0029] Then, the fastening washer 8 is embedded in the second fine thread groove 5 on the inner wall of the rear end cover 3. A U-shaped hex wrench is inserted into the symmetrical hexagonal groove 11 on the outer wall of the fastening thread ring 7 and screwed into the fine thread groove 5, so that the fastening thread ring 7 fits tightly with the outer wall of the tail end of the cutter shaft 1. The axial locking force is enhanced by the high frictional resistance of the fine thread.

[0030] Next, the locking washer 10 is inserted into the third reverse locking thread groove 6. Then, a U-shaped hex wrench is inserted into the hexagonal groove 11 on the outer wall of the locking thread ring 9 and screwed into the reverse locking thread groove 6. At this time, the locking thread ring 9 is in contact with the outer wall of the tail end of the cutter shaft 1, and the inner wall of the locking washer 10 is pressed against the outer wall of the fastening thread ring 7, forming a double thread anti-loosening mechanism of "forward pre-tightening + reverse locking".

[0031] This structure achieves progressive assembly from rapid pre-tightening to high-strength locking through a gradient design of three-section gradient thread grooves: coarse thread groove 4 ensures assembly efficiency, fine thread groove 5 provides basic locking force, and reverse locking thread groove 6 forms a locking structure opposite to the direction of the first two thread sections through the cooperation of reverse threads with locking washer 10 and locking thread ring 9, effectively offsetting the vibration and impact force during shield tunneling and preventing thread loosening.

[0032] In summary, this design significantly improves the anti-loosening performance of the cutting tool through the synergistic effect of the three-section gradient thread groove and the dual anti-loosening mechanism. The coarse thread enables rapid pre-tightening, the fine thread enhances the axial locking force, and the reverse locking thread forms a reverse locking mechanism. The combination of these three features effectively solves the problem of thread loosening caused by vibration and impact in traditional single-edged hobbing cutters during shield tunneling. The stability of the cutting tool is improved compared to traditional structures, its service life is extended, downtime caused by frequent cutting tool replacement is reduced, shield tunneling efficiency is improved, and maintenance costs are reduced. At the same time, the design of the hexagonal groove 11 facilitates assembly and disassembly using a U-shaped hexagonal wrench, making operation simple and efficient, further improving the convenience of construction. In conclusion, this technical solution achieves reliable anti-loosening of shield cutting tools through structural innovation, providing a strong guarantee for the safe and efficient conduct of shield tunneling.

[0033] Through the above steps, this design significantly improves the anti-loosening performance of the cutting tool by combining the three-section gradient thread groove with a dual anti-loosening mechanism. The coarse thread enables rapid pre-tightening, the fine thread enhances the axial locking force, and the reverse locking thread forms a reverse locking mechanism. The combination of these three features effectively solves the problem of thread loosening caused by vibration and impact in traditional single-edged cutters during shield tunneling. The stability of the cutting tool is improved compared to traditional structures, its service life is extended, downtime caused by frequent tool replacements is reduced, shield tunneling efficiency is improved, and maintenance costs are reduced. In summary, this technical solution achieves reliable anti-loosening of shield cutting tools through structural innovation, providing a strong guarantee for the safe and efficient conduct of shield tunneling.

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-edged roller cutter for a tunnel boring machine to prevent loosening, comprising a cutter shaft (1), a cutter body (2) sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft (1), and a rear end cap (3) embedded in one side of the cutter body (2), characterized in that: It also includes a three-section gradient thread groove. The inner wall of the rear end cover (3) is provided with a three-section gradient thread groove. The first section is a coarse thread groove (4), the second section is a fine thread groove (5), and the third section is a reverse locking thread groove (6). The outer wall of the tail end of the cutter shaft (1) is provided with a thread groove that is compatible with the coarse thread groove (4) and is threadedly connected to each other. The fine thread groove (5) is provided with a fastening mechanism, and the reverse locking thread groove (6) is provided with a locking mechanism.

2. A single-edged cutterhead for a tunnel boring machine to prevent loosening according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fastening mechanism includes a fastening threaded ring (7) and a fastening washer (8). The fastening threaded ring (7) and the fastening washer (8) are embedded inside the fine thread groove (5). The outer wall of the fastening threaded ring (7) is provided with a thread groove that is compatible with the fine thread groove (5) and they are threadedly connected to each other.

3. A single-edged cutterhead for a tunnel boring machine to prevent loosening according to claim 2, characterized in that: The threaded ring (7) and the fastening washer (8) are the same size, and the inner walls of the threaded ring (7) and the fastening washer (8) are in contact with the outer wall of the tail end of the cutter shaft (1).

4. A single-edged cutterhead for a tunnel boring machine to prevent loosening according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking mechanism includes a locking threaded ring (9) and a locking washer (10). The locking threaded ring (9) and the locking washer (10) are embedded inside the reverse locking threaded groove (6). The outer wall of the locking threaded ring (9) has a threaded groove that is compatible with the reverse locking threaded groove (6) and they are threadedly connected to each other.

5. A single-edged cutterhead for a tunnel boring machine to prevent loosening according to claim 4, characterized in that: The locking threaded ring (9) and the locking washer (10) are the same size. The inner walls of the locking threaded ring (9) and the locking washer (10) are in contact with the outer wall of the tail end of the cutter shaft (1). The inner wall of the locking washer (10) is in contact with the outer wall of the fastening threaded tube.

6. A single-edged cutterhead for a tunnel boring machine to prevent loosening according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer walls of the fastening threaded ring (7) and the locking threaded ring (9) are respectively provided with hexagonal grooves (11) to cooperate with a hexagonal wrench to screw the fastening threaded ring (7) and the locking threaded ring (9) into the corresponding thread grooves.

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