Large swing angle roof breaking device for coal mine goaf

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By increasing the swing angle of the column jack through the structure of composite joints and ball joints, and combining the hinged connection of the sliding sleeve and the support jack, the problem of the roof not collapsing in the goaf of the coal mine was solved, and large-scale roof breaking operations and stability improvement were achieved.

CN224532758UActive Publication Date: 2026-07-21TIANDI NINGXIA SUPPORTING EQUIP CO LTD

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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office: CN · China
Patent Type: Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner: TIANDI NINGXIA SUPPORTING EQUIP CO LTD
Filing Date: 2025-09-25
Publication Date: 2026-07-21

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

The existing coal mine's goaf roof is not collapsing, causing the suspended roof distance to exceed the operating procedures, so coal mining must be stopped. Furthermore, the swing angle of the existing equipment's column jacks is limited, making it difficult to expand the roof breaking range.

Method used

A composite joint is used to connect the column jack and the column base, increasing the swing angle of the column jack. The stability is enhanced by the sliding sleeve and ball joint structure. Combined with the hinged connection between the support jack and the top beam, it enables large swing angle roof breaking operations.

Benefits of technology

This increases the swing angle and breaking range of the impact column, improves the stability and breaking efficiency of the device, and avoids the risk of the column detaching from the column base.

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Abstract

A coal mine goaf large swing angle roof breaking device, including roof breaking assembly, roof breaking assembly includes column seat, column jack, impact column, spherical hinge joint, composite joint, the fixed end of impact column is connected with column seat by spherical hinge joint, the fixed end of column jack is connected with column seat by composite joint, the telescopic end of column jack is connected with the fixed end of impact column by composite joint, composite joint includes first end, second end, first end and second end fixed connection, first end and impact column or column seat hinge, second end and telescopic end or fixed end of column jack hinge, the rotation axis between first end and impact column or column seat is perpendicular to the rotation axis between second end and telescopic end or fixed end of column jack, utilize composite joint and connect column jack with column seat, the swing angle of column jack relative to column seat is larger than the general spherical hinge structure, so that the swing angle of impact column increases.

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Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal mine roof breaking technology, and in particular to a large swing angle roof breaking device for coal mine goaf areas. Background Technology

[0002] If the roof of the goaf in the longwall mining face of a coal mine does not collapse or the overhang distance exceeds the provisions of the operating procedures, coal mining must be stopped and manual forced roof caving or other measures must be taken to deal with the situation.

[0003] Authorized publication number CN119288483B discloses a coal caving end support for a top coal caving face, including a support body and a roof breaking device. The support body includes a top beam and a base; the roof breaking device includes a column base, an impact column, and a column jack; the column base is connected to the rear of the base, the impact column is rotatably mounted on the column base, and the column jack is connected between the column base and the impact column. The column jack is used to adjust the pitch angle of the column jack, and the impact column can realize roof breaking operation.

[0004] The aforementioned end support uses a single column jack, which can only achieve the forward and backward swinging of the impact column. To expand the impact column's breaking range and enable its left and right swinging, the design incorporates one or more additional column jacks, connected to the impact column via a ball joint. The column jacks then drive the impact column to swing. A typical ball joint structure includes a ball joint seat and a ball joint connecting rod, with the ball head of the connecting rod housed in the ball socket of the ball joint seat. However, the swing angle of the ball joint connecting rod within this type of ball joint is limited by the ball joint seat, ultimately restricting the swing angle of the impact column. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, and to address the above-mentioned shortcomings, it is necessary to propose a large-angle roof-breaking device for coal mine goaf areas.

[0006] A large-angle roof-breaking device for coal mine goaf areas includes a roof-breaking assembly. The roof-breaking assembly includes a column base, a column jack, an impact column, a ball joint, and a composite joint. The fixed end of the impact column is connected to the column base by the ball joint, and the telescopic end of the impact column extends freely upward. At least two column jacks are arranged circumferentially along the impact column. The fixed end of the column jack is connected to the column base by the composite joint, and the telescopic end of the column jack is connected to the fixed end of the impact column by the composite joint. The composite joint includes a first end and a second end. The first end and the second end are fixedly connected. The first end is hinged to the impact column or the column base, and the second end is hinged to the telescopic end or the fixed end of the column jack. The rotation axis between the first end and the impact column or the column base is perpendicular to the rotation axis between the second end and the telescopic end or the fixed end of the column jack.

[0007] Preferably, a column jack is installed at each of the three quarter points around the circumference of the impact column.

[0008] Preferably, a column jack is installed at each of the four quarter points around the circumference of the impact column.

[0009] Preferably, the top-breaking component includes a sliding sleeve that can slide along the axial direction of the impact column, and the first end is hinged to the sliding sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, the large-angle roof-breaking device for coal mine goaf areas includes a unit support, which includes a top beam and a support jack. The telescopic end of the support jack is connected to the top beam, and the fixed end of the support jack is connected to the column base.

[0011] Preferably, the top beam is connected to the telescopic end of the supporting jack by a ball joint.

[0012] Preferably, the column base is connected to the fixed end of the supporting jack by a ball joint.

[0013] Preferably, the unit support includes a clamp, and the support jack is connected to the column base through the clamp.

[0014] Preferably, the ball joint includes a ball head, a ball head connecting rod, a ball head cap, and a pressure plate. The ball head is connected to one end of the ball head connecting rod, and the other end of the ball head connecting rod is connected to the fixed end of the impact column. The column base has a hemispherical recess with the same diameter as the ball head. The ball head cap has an installation hole for fitting the ball head connecting rod. The diameter of the installation hole is larger than the outer diameter of the ball head connecting rod and smaller than the diameter of the ball head. The pressure plate is fixed on the column base, and the ball head cap is clamped between the pressure plate and the column base.

[0015] Preferably, a pressure plate is provided on each side of the ball head cover.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: by using a composite joint to connect the column jack to the column base, the swing angle of the column jack relative to the column base is larger than that of a general ball joint structure, which increases the swing angle of the impact column. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the large-angle roof-breaking device in the goaf of the coal mine.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial view of the large-angle roof-breaking device for the goaf area of the coal mine described in the article.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first installation state of the ball head cover.

[0020] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the second installation state of the ball head cover.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the ball head cap, pressure plate, and pin.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the U-shaped clip and the pressure plate.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pin structure.

[0024] Figure 8 This is the front view of the convex block.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a top view of the bump.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the U-shaped card.

[0027] In the diagram: 10. Top-breaking component, 11. Column base, 12. Column jack, 13. Impact column, 14. Composite joint, 141. First end, 142. Second end, 15. Ball joint, 151. Ball head body, 152. Ball head connecting rod, 153. Ball head cover, 154. Pressure plate, 1541. Locking hole, 155. Pin, 1551. Slot, 156. U-shaped clip, 20. Unit bracket, 21. Top beam, 22. Support jack, 23. Clamp. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] See Figure 1 , Figure 2This utility model embodiment provides a large-angle roof-breaking device for coal mine goaf areas, including a roof-breaking component 10. The roof-breaking component 10 includes a column base 11, column jacks 12, impact columns 13, ball joints 15, and composite joints 14. The fixed end of the impact column 13 is connected to the column base 11 by the ball joint 15, and the telescopic end of the impact column 13 extends freely upward. At least two column jacks 12 are arranged circumferentially along the impact column 13. The fixed end of the column jacks 12 is connected to the column base 11 by the composite joints 14. The telescopic end is connected to the fixed end of the impact column 13 by the composite joint 14. The composite joint 14 includes a first end 141 and a second end 142. The first end 141 and the second end 142 are fixedly connected. The first end 141 is hinged to the impact column 13 or the column base 11. The second end 142 is hinged to the telescopic end or the fixed end of the column jack 12. The rotation axis between the first end 141 and the impact column 13 or the column base 11 is perpendicular to the rotation axis between the second end 142 and the telescopic end or the fixed end of the column jack 12.

[0030] For example, the impact column 13 is a jack, and a cone-shaped breaker hammer is installed at the telescopic end of the impact column 13. Its specific structure is not limited.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: the column jack 12 is connected to the column base 11 by the composite joint 14, and the swing angle of the column jack 12 relative to the column base 11 is larger than that of the general ball joint structure, which increases the swing angle of the impact column 13.

[0032] The range of impact column 13 can also be expanded by moving the column base 11 left and right. However, the column base 11 has poor stability when facing complex bottom surfaces.

[0033] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 Furthermore, a column jack 12 is installed at each of the three quarter points around the impact column 13.

[0034] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 Furthermore, a column jack 12 is installed at each of the four quarter points around the impact column 13.

[0035] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 Furthermore, the top-breaking component 10 includes a sliding sleeve that can slide along the axial direction of the impact column 13, and the first end 141 is hinged to the sliding sleeve.

[0036] The addition of a sliding sleeve can prevent the impact column 13 from detaching from the column base 11 under the combined force of the column jack 12.

[0037] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 Furthermore, the large-angle roof-breaking device for the goaf of a coal mine includes a unit support 20, which includes a top beam 21 and a support jack 22. The telescopic end of the support jack 22 is connected to the top beam 21, and the fixed end of the support jack 22 is connected to the column base 11.

[0038] The support jack 22 is hinged to the column base 11 and the top beam 21, and can also be rotatably connected. The support jack 22 can swing back and forth and left and right relative to the column base 11 or the top beam 21.

[0039] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 Furthermore, the top beam 21 is connected to the telescopic end of the supporting jack 22 by a ball joint 15.

[0040] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 Furthermore, the column base 11 is connected to the fixed end of the supporting jack 22 by a ball joint 15.

[0041] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 Furthermore, the unit support 20 includes a clamp 23, through which the supporting jack 22 is connected to the column base 11. The structure of the clamp 23 can adopt an existing design.

[0042] When in use, the support jack 22 extends, the top beam 21 supports the top plate, and the angle of the impact column 13 is adjusted by the column jack 12. The impact column 13 extends, driving the breaker to carry out the roof breaking operation.

[0043] See Figure 1 , Figure 4 Furthermore, the ball joint 15 includes a ball head 151, a ball head connecting rod 152, a ball head cover 153, and a pressure plate 154. The ball head 151 is connected to one end of the ball head connecting rod 152, and the other end of the ball head connecting rod 152 is connected to the fixed end of the impact column 13. The column base 11 is provided with a hemispherical socket with the same diameter as the ball head 151. The ball head cover 153 is provided with an installation hole that can be fitted into the ball head connecting rod 152. The diameter of the installation hole is larger than the outer diameter of the ball head connecting rod 152 and smaller than the diameter of the ball head 151. The pressure plate 154 is fixed on the column base 11, and the ball head cover 153 is clamped between the pressure plate 154 and the column base 11.

[0044] See Figure 1 , Figure 4 Furthermore, a pressure plate 154 is provided on each side of the ball head cover 153.

[0045] For example, the ball joint 15 can be a general ball joint structure, such as the structure of an adjustable precision ball joint disclosed in patent announcement number CN216554929U, in which the ball seat and the ball cover are connected by a one-way fastening bolt.

[0046] For the ball joint structures listed above, the numerous fastening bolts make installation cumbersome, especially after they rust, making disassembly and reassembly even more difficult. However, the fixing method using pressure plate 154 greatly simplifies installation. Two straight edges are cut out on both sides of the circular ball head cap 153, according to... Figure 3 The ball-head cap 153 is placed between the two pressure plates 154 at the position shown. The ball-head cap 153 is moved downwards so that its upper surface is lower than the lower surface of the pressure plate 154. Then, the ball-head cap 153 is rotated 90°. Figure 4 As shown, the ball head cap 153 is clamped between the column base 11 and the pressure plate 154.

[0047] For the ball joint structures listed above, the tightening of the fastening bolts is often uneven. When the impact column 13 is tilted and subjected to the combined force of the column jack 12, the ball head 151 will exert local pressure on one side of the ball cap. Some fastening bolts will break first, and the others will be more likely to break, causing the impact column 13 to come out. However, by using the pressure plate 154 for fixing, the pressure plate 154 bears the force as a whole, and its strength is higher than that of the fastening bolts.

[0048] For example, see Figures 3 to 5 The pressure plate 154, ball head cap 153, and column base 11 are respectively provided with a first pin hole, a second pin hole, and a third pin hole. The first and second pin holes are through holes, and the third pin hole is a countersunk hole. The pin shaft 155 passes through the first pin hole, the second pin hole, and then into the third pin hole. The pin shaft 155 is interference-fitted with the first, second, and third pin holes. The pressure plate 154 and the ball head cap 153 can be relatively fixed by the pin shaft 155. The pin shaft 155 and the pressure plate 154 are relatively fixed by the U-shaped clip 156, and a gap is left between the pressure plate 154 and the ball head cap 153. When the impact column 13 is dislodged by the combined force of the column jack 12, the ball head cap 153 will move along the pin shaft 155 closer to the pressure plate 154, thus buffering the damage to the ball head cap 153 and the pressure plate 154.

[0049] For example, see Figures 5 to 10 The pin 155 is provided with an annular groove 1551, and the pressure plate 154 has a protrusion with a first pin hole through it. The protrusion is provided with two parallel locking holes 1541 that pass through the first pin hole. The distance between the two locking holes 1541 is approximately equal to the diameter of the groove 1551. The pin 155 is inserted into the first pin hole, the second pin hole, and the third pin hole. The U-shaped clip 156 is inserted into the locking hole 1541 and locked into the groove 1551, which can prevent the pin 155 from coming out of the first pin hole, the second pin hole, and the third pin hole. The U-shaped clip 156 can be easily removed.

[0050] The modules or units in the device of this utility model embodiment can be merged, divided, or deleted according to actual needs.

[0051] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can understand that implementing all or part of the above-described embodiments and making equivalent changes in accordance with the claims of the present utility model are still within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A large-angle roof-breaking device for coal mine goaf areas, characterized in that: The device includes a roof-breaking assembly comprising a column base, a column jack, an impact column, a ball joint, and a composite joint. The fixed end of the impact column is connected to the column base via the ball joint, and the telescopic end of the impact column extends freely upwards. At least two column jacks are arranged circumferentially along the impact column. The fixed end of each column jack is connected to the column base via the composite joint, and the telescopic end of each column jack is connected to the fixed end of the impact column via the composite joint. The composite joint includes a first end and a second end, which are fixedly connected. The first end is hinged to the impact column or the column base, and the second end is hinged to the telescopic end or the fixed end of the column jack. The rotation axis between the first end and the impact column or the column base is perpendicular to the rotation axis between the second end and the telescopic end or the fixed end of the column jack.

2. The large-angle roof-breaking device for coal mine goaf areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A column jack is installed at each of the three quarter points around the circumference of the impact column.

3. The large-angle roof-breaking device for coal mine goaf areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A column jack is installed at each of the four quarter points around the circumference of the impact column.

4. The large-angle roof-breaking device for coal mine goaf areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top-breaking component includes a sliding sleeve that can slide along the axial direction of the impact column, and the first end is hinged to the sliding sleeve.

5. The large-angle roof-breaking device for coal mine goaf areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The coal mine goaf large swing angle roof breaking device includes a unit support, which includes a top beam and a support jack. The telescopic end of the support jack is connected to the top beam, and the fixed end of the support jack is connected to the column base.

6. The large-angle roof-breaking device for coal mine goaf areas as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The top beam is connected to the telescopic end of the supporting jack by a ball joint.

7. The large-angle roof-breaking device for coal mine goaf areas as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The column base is connected to the fixed end of the supporting jack by a ball joint.

8. The large-angle roof-breaking device for coal mine goaf areas as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The unit support includes clamps, and the support jack is connected to the column base through the clamps.

9. The large-angle roof-breaking device for coal mine goaf areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The ball joint includes a ball head, a ball head connecting rod, a ball head cap, and a pressure plate. The ball head is connected to one end of the ball head connecting rod, and the other end of the ball head connecting rod is connected to the fixed end of the impact column. The column base has a hemispherical recess with the same diameter as the ball head. The ball head cap has an installation hole for fitting the ball head connecting rod. The diameter of the installation hole is larger than the outer diameter of the ball head connecting rod and smaller than the diameter of the ball head. The pressure plate is fixed on the column base, and the ball head cap is clamped between the pressure plate and the column base.

10. The large-angle roof-breaking device for coal mine goaf areas as described in claim 9, characterized in that: A pressure plate is installed on each side of the ball head cap.