Hydraulic support adaptable to multiple working conditions

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of mine machinery equipment, more specifically, relate to a kind of hydraulic support of multiple working conditions purpose. Including support shelter type main frame, roof beam, base, swing beam, rear stand, first jack, second jack, barrier beam, barrier plug, third jack and swing beam plug, roof beam and base constitute the load frame of support shelter type main frame, roof beam is set in the upper of base, swing beam is located in the rear of roof beam, swing beam front end and the rear part of roof beam articulate, rear stand lower end and base articulate, upper end and the middle part of swing beam articulate. The hydraulic support has excellent structural rigidity, convenient operation and working condition adaptability, not only helps to prolong equipment service cycle, also provides reliable equipment support for promoting coal mine intensive, intelligent mining, with wide popularization and application prospect. The utility model is mainly applied to the hydraulic support of multiple working conditions purpose.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mining machinery and equipment, and more specifically, to a hydraulic support that can be adapted to multiple working conditions. Background Technology

[0002] In underground coal mining, especially in areas where coal is pressed under buildings, railways, or water bodies, achieving safe, efficient, and environmentally friendly mining operations has always been a focus of industry attention. Paste backfilling technology, as an effective treatment method, enables the resource utilization of coal mine solid waste such as gangue, reducing surface accumulation and environmental pollution while effectively controlling surface subsidence, resulting in significant economic and environmental benefits. Meanwhile, shield-type hydraulic supports and top-coal caving hydraulic supports play crucial roles in roof support and thick coal seam mining, respectively, ensuring the safe and efficient advancement of the working face.

[0003] However, existing hydraulic supports are mostly designed for single working conditions, with fixed functions, making it difficult to flexibly adapt to different coal mining process requirements. For example, while paste-filling supports have good sealing performance and high filling efficiency, they cannot be directly used in top coal caving or full-height mining conditions; while ordinary shield supports or top coal caving supports lack the necessary sealing and structural adjustment capabilities, failing to meet the requirements of paste filling. This functional limitation forces coal mining enterprises to configure multiple types of supports when facing changing mining conditions, resulting in large equipment investments, high maintenance costs, and frequent equipment replacements during working condition transitions, severely impacting mining continuity and overall efficiency.

[0004] While some attempts have been made to achieve partial functional switching through structural modifications, problems such as structural complexity, inconvenient adjustment, and insufficient sealing performance still exist, making it impossible to truly achieve efficient adaptation to "one machine for multiple uses." Therefore, the industry urgently needs a multi-functional hydraulic support with a reasonable structure, flexible adjustment, and reliable sealing, capable of quickly switching roles under different mining conditions, improving equipment utilization, reducing overall mining costs, and promoting the development of intelligent and intensive coal mining. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model provides a hydraulic support adaptable to multiple working conditions. This device is a multi-functional hydraulic support with a reasonable structure, flexible adjustment, and reliable sealing. It can quickly switch roles under different mining conditions, improve equipment utilization, reduce overall mining costs, and promote the development of intelligent and intensive coal mining, thus meeting the dual pursuit of efficiency and safety in modern construction.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A hydraulic support adaptable to multiple working conditions includes a support and shield main frame, a top beam, a base, a swing beam, a rear column, a first jack, a second jack, a barrier beam, a barrier plate, a third jack, and a swing beam plate. The top beam and the base constitute the main load-bearing frame of the support and shield main frame. The top beam is located above the base, and the swing beam is located behind the top beam. The front end of the swing beam is hinged to the rear part of the top beam. The lower end of the rear column is hinged to the base, and the upper end is hinged to the middle part of the swing beam. The barrier beam is located below the swing beam. One end of the first jack is hinged to the swing beam, and the other end is hinged to the barrier beam. The barrier plate is slidably inserted into the barrier beam. One end of the second jack is connected to the barrier beam, and the other end is connected to the barrier plate. The swing beam plate is slidably inserted into the swing beam. One end of the third jack is connected to the swing beam, and the other end is connected to the swing beam plate.

[0007] It also includes a side beam, a side baffle plate, and a fourth jack. The side beam is located below the swing beam baffle plate. The side baffle plate is slidably inserted into the side beam. One end of the fourth jack is connected to the side beam, and the other end is connected to the side baffle plate.

[0008] The second jack, the barrier beam, the barrier insert, the side beam, the side insert, and the fourth jack are detachably connected to the supporting and protective main frame.

[0009] It also includes a rear sliding mechanism and a pull-back sliding mechanism. The rear sliding mechanism is arranged behind the base. One end of the pull-back sliding mechanism is hinged to the base, and the other end is connected to the rear sliding mechanism.

[0010] The swing beam is the main structure, playing a major supporting and swinging role. The swing beam insert plate is nested inside the swing beam and can extend or retract relative to the swing beam.

[0011] There are two sets of side beams and side inserts, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the top beam and the base, respectively.

[0012] The barrier beam has an injection port on its side wall facing the goaf, and the barrier plate has a clearance groove that matches the injection port.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides a hydraulic support adaptable to multiple working conditions. Through a highly modular and flexibly adjustable overall structural design, it successfully achieves convenient and efficient conversion between three typical coal mining processes: paste filling, full-height support in a single mining operation, and top coal caving mining. This greatly enhances the equipment's versatility and adaptability to different mining conditions. Its core advantage lies in the organic integration of multiple functions into one unit. This not only effectively overcomes the inherent limitations of traditional hydraulic supports, such as single function and cumbersome conversion, but also significantly reduces the need for equipment replacement due to changes in working conditions, thus helping to save on equipment investment and overall operating costs of the fully mechanized mining face.

[0014] When used for paste backfilling, the support system, through the coordinated expansion and contraction of barrier beams, side retaining beams, and multiple sets of insert plates, can quickly form a well-sealed and adjustable filling space, effectively improving the density and leakage resistance of the backfill, and ensuring the safety and quality of the backfilling process. When switching to full-height mining, by disassembling some specialized components, it can be quickly restored to a standard shield support system, maintaining effective isolation of the roof and goaf, and ensuring the safety of the working area. When applied to top coal caving mining, the support system can flexibly adjust the position of the tail beam and the opening and closing of the coal discharge port with the help of the rear column and jack system, achieving precise control of the top coal caving process, improving coal extraction rate and mining efficiency.

[0015] This hydraulic support combines excellent structural rigidity, ease of operation, and adaptability to working conditions. It not only helps extend the service life of equipment but also provides reliable equipment support for promoting intensive and intelligent mining in coal mines, and has broad prospects for promotion and application. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the working condition structure for paste filling according to this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the working structure of the protective support of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention under the top coal caving working condition; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the side retaining beam retraction structure of this utility model; In the diagram: 1 is the supporting and protective main frame, 2 is the top beam, 3 is the base, 4 is the swing beam, 5 is the rear column, 6 is the first jack, 7 is the second jack, 8 is the barrier beam, 9 is the barrier insert plate, 10 is the third jack, 11 is the swing beam insert plate, 12 is the side baffle beam, 13 is the side baffle insert plate, 14 is the fourth jack, 15 is the rear slide, and 16 is the rear slide mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0018] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a hydraulic support adaptable to multiple working conditions includes a support and shield main frame 1, a top beam 2, a base 3, a swing beam 4, a rear column 5, a first jack 6, a second jack 7, a barrier beam 8, a barrier insert 9, a third jack 10, and a swing beam insert 11. The top beam 2 and the base 3 form the load-bearing frame of the support and shield main frame 1. The top beam 2 is located above the base 3. The swing beam 4 is located behind the top beam 2, with its front end hinged to the rear of the top beam 2. The lower end of the rear column 5 is hinged to the base 3, and its upper end is hinged to the middle of the swing beam 4. The barrier beam 8 is located below the swing beam 4. One end of the first jack 6 is hinged to the swing beam 4, and the other end is hinged to the barrier beam 8. The barrier insert 9 is slidable. The first jack is inserted into the barrier beam 8. One end of the second jack 7 is connected to the barrier beam 8, and the other end is connected to the barrier insert plate 9. The swing beam insert plate 11 is slidably inserted into the swing beam 4. One end of the third jack 10 is connected to the swing beam 4, and the other end is connected to the swing beam insert plate 11. The tilt angle of the swing beam 4 is adjusted by controlling the extension and retraction of the rear column 5 to adapt to the top plate conditions. The position of the barrier beam 8 relative to the swing beam 4 can be adjusted by operating the first jack 6. When it is necessary to adjust the tail closure range, the second jack 7 is operated to drive the barrier insert plate 9 to slide in the barrier beam 8, and the third jack 10 is operated to drive the swing beam insert plate 11 to extend and retract in the swing beam 4, thereby forming an adjustable sealing or blocking structure.

[0020] Preferably, the system also includes a side baffle beam 12, a side baffle plate 13, and a fourth jack 14. The side baffle beam 12 is located below the swing beam plate 11, and the side baffle plate 13 is slidably inserted into the side baffle beam 12. One end of the fourth jack 14 is connected to the side baffle beam 12, and the other end is connected to the side baffle plate 13. When a side seal is required, the operator operates the fourth jack 14 to push or retract the side baffle plate 13 to slide within the side baffle beam 12, thereby expanding or reducing the shielding area on the side of the support. Together with the barrier beam 8, the swing beam 4, and other components, it forms a complete sealed filling space.

[0021] Preferably, the second jack 7, the barrier beam 8, the barrier insert 9, the side retaining beam 12, the side retaining insert 13, and the fourth jack 14 are detachably connected to the support and shield main frame 1. When the working condition is changed to ordinary fully mechanized mining or top coal caving process, the operator can remove these special components from the support main frame, thereby quickly converting the support into a conventional shield support, simplifying the structure and adapting to the new working condition requirements.

[0022] Preferably, it also includes a rear conveyor 15 and a rear conveyor pulling mechanism 16. The rear conveyor 15 is arranged behind the base 3. One end of the rear conveyor pulling mechanism 16 is hinged to the base 3, and the other end is connected to the rear conveyor 15. In the case of top coal venting, the broken top coal falls into the rear conveyor 15 through the coal discharge port behind the support. As the working face advances, the length or position of the rear conveyor pulling mechanism 16 is adjusted to pull the rear conveyor 15 forward in a coordinated manner, ensuring that the coal can be continuously transported out.

[0023] Preferably, the swing beam 4 is the main structure, playing the main supporting and swinging role. The swing beam insert plate 11 is nested inside the swing beam 4 and can extend or retract relative to the swing beam 4. This structural design makes the swing beam 4 naturally form a barrier that tilts towards the goaf. The third jack 10 extends the swing beam insert plate 11 from inside the swing beam 4, which can further extend the barrier and more effectively isolate the goaf or control the size of the coal discharge opening.

[0024] Preferably, there are two sets of side baffle beams 12 and side baffle plates 13, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the top beam 2 and the base 3, respectively. The side baffle beams 12 and side baffle plates 13 on the left and right sides are independently controlled by the operator. By operating their respective fourth jacks 14, the extension and retraction of the side baffle plates 13 on both sides can be adjusted synchronously or asynchronously, so as to adapt to complex working conditions such as uneven working surfaces or the need for asymmetrical sealing.

[0025] Preferably, the barrier beam 8 has an injection port on its side wall facing the goaf, and the barrier plate 9 has a clearance groove that matches the injection port. When the paste filling operation is carried out, the filling pipe is directly connected to the injection port of the barrier beam 8. If it is necessary to temporarily close the injection port or adjust its position, the second jack 7 can be operated to move the barrier plate 9, and the clearance groove on it can be aligned with or offset from the injection port to realize the opening and closing of the injection port.

[0026] When paste filling is required during coal mining operations, the operator first confirms that all specialized components are installed in place. Then, the second jack 7 is extended or retracted to adjust the length of the barrier formed by the barrier beam 8 and the barrier insert 9; simultaneously, the third jack 10 is operated to control the extension or retraction of the swing beam insert 11 within the swing beam 4; furthermore, the fourth jack 14 is operated to adjust the lateral shielding range of the side beam 12 and the side insert 13. Through these operations, the barrier beam 8, the swing beam 4, the swing beam insert 11, and the side beam 12 and the side insert 13 together form a sealed filling space that can change with the height of the support. The paste delivery pipeline is connected to the pre-set injection port on the barrier beam 8, injecting the filling material into the sealed space. After the paste has solidified and reached its strength, the support can be moved.

[0027] When the working condition changes to full-height mining in one go, a series of special components need to be disassembled, including the first jack 6, the second jack 7, the barrier beam 8, the barrier plate 9, the fourth jack 14, the side retaining beam 12, and the side retaining plate 13. Subsequently, the rear column 5 is extended and retracted to support and adjust the tilt angle of the swing beam 4. At the same time, the third jack 10 can still be operated to fine-tune the extension of the swing beam plate 11, so that the swing beam 4 and the swing beam plate 11 form a closed area at the rear of the support, isolating the goaf and ensuring normal coal mining operations.

[0028] When using the top coal caving process, operators must ensure that the connection between the pull-back chute mechanism 16 and the rear chute 15 is reliable. During coal mining operations, the retraction of the rear column 5 causes the swing beam 4 to swing downwards, thereby opening the coal vent. Simultaneously, the operation of the third jack 10 controls the extension and retraction of the swing beam insert plate 11 to precisely adjust the size of the coal vent and control the amount and speed of top coal caving. Under the action of gravity, the top coal falls into the rear chute 15 through the coal vent, and the pull-back chute mechanism 16 pulls the rear chute 15 to move in coordination with the advancement of the working face, realizing continuous top coal caving mining.

[0029] The above description only details the preferred embodiments of the present utility model. However, the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present utility model, and all such changes should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A hydraulic support adaptable to multiple working conditions, characterized in that: The structure includes a supporting shield main frame (1), a top beam (2), a base (3), a swing beam (4), a rear column (5), a first jack (6), a second jack (7), a barrier beam (8), a barrier insert (9), a third jack (10), and a swing beam insert (11). The top beam (2) and the base (3) constitute the load-bearing frame of the supporting shield main frame (1). The top beam (2) is located above the base (3), and the swing beam (4) is located behind the top beam (2). The front end of the swing beam (4) is hinged to the rear part of the top beam (2). The lower end of the rear column (5) is connected to the base (3). The upper end is hinged to the middle of the swing beam (4), the barrier beam (8) is located below the swing beam (4), one end of the first jack (6) is hinged to the swing beam (4), and the other end is hinged to the barrier beam (8). The barrier insert (9) is slidably inserted into the barrier beam (8). One end of the second jack (7) is connected to the barrier beam (8), and the other end is connected to the barrier insert (9). The swing beam insert (11) is slidably inserted into the swing beam (4). One end of the third jack (10) is connected to the swing beam (4), and the other end is connected to the swing beam insert (11).

2. The hydraulic support adaptable to multiple working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a side beam (12), a side baffle plate (13) and a fourth jack (14). The side beam (12) is located below the swing beam plate (11). The side baffle plate (13) is slidably inserted into the side beam (12). One end of the fourth jack (14) is connected to the side beam (12) and the other end is connected to the side baffle plate (13).

3. A hydraulic support adaptable to multiple working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second jack (7), the barrier beam (8), the barrier insert (9), the side beam (12), the side insert (13) and the fourth jack (14) are detachably connected to the supporting shield main frame (1).

4. A hydraulic support adaptable to multiple working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a rear slide (15) and a pull-back slide mechanism (16), the rear slide (15) being arranged behind the base (3), one end of the pull-back slide mechanism (16) being hinged to the base (3), and the other end being connected to the rear slide (15).

5. A hydraulic support adaptable to multiple working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing beam insert (11) is nested inside the swing beam (4) and can extend or retract relative to the swing beam (4).

6. A hydraulic support adaptable to multiple working conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the side baffle beams (12) and side baffle plates (13) is two sets, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the top beam (2) and the base (3).

7. A hydraulic support adaptable to multiple working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The barrier beam (8) has an injection port on its side wall facing the goaf, and the barrier insert plate (9) has a clearance groove that matches the injection port.

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